English for management on information systems unit 6 operating systems

A program or application that software developers use to create, debug, maintain, or otherwise support other programs and applications 3.. This includes applications, programs, and op

THE STATE BANK OF VIETNAM MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING

HOCHIMINH UNIVERSITY OF BANKING

ENGLISH FOR MANAGEMENT ON INFORMATION SYSTEMS

UNIT 6: OPERATING SYSTEMS

Quang Tran Phuong Nguyén (Leader) 030236200100

Ngô Tú Quỳnh 030236200130

Lê An Thái Bình 030236200011 Trần Quỳnh Thảo 030236200157

Huỳnh Thị Mỹ Hằng 030236200052

Group : 2 Clas : ENP314 232 1 DOI Instructor : Võ Thanh Tuấn

Thu Duc City, June 28", 2024

TABLE OF CONTENTS Exercise 1 Match the terms with their definIfloWns - - 22 222122221122 2221 12323111222 Exercise 2 Choose the best answer to fill in the blank

Exercise 3 Make sentences with these given words

Exercise 4 Translate from English to Vietnamese

ExereIse 5 Complete the followinp sentences - c2 12112111111 1112111 11011111111211 11 8kg Exercise 6 Read the passage and answer the questions

Exercise 1 Match the terms with their definitions

1 Kernel A A page of information on the internet about a particular

subject, that forms (a part of) a website

2 Hardware B A program or application that software developers use to

create, debug, maintain, or otherwise support other programs and applications

3 User Interface (UI) C An input device that allows a person to enter letters, numbers,

and other symbols (together, called characters) into a computer

4 Programming Tool D A software component that generates images and animations,

often in real-time It is used in video games, simulations, and other applications requiring complex visual effects

5 Command

Interpreter

E A microcomputer and a mainframe in size, speed, and capacity, small computer that is intermediate between a that can support time-sharing, and that is often dedicated to a single application

6 Command Line

Interface (CLI)

F A part of an operating system that reads and executes commands entered by a user or from a script It translates these commands into actions or system calls that the operating system can perform (also known as a shell)

7 Graphical User

Interface (GUI)

G The physical components of a computer system, such as the central processing unit (CPU), memory, storage devices, and peripheral devices like keyboards, mice, and printers

8 Source code H Software that is available for use at no cost or for a nominal

usually voluntary fee

Multiprocessing (SMP)

9 Software I The running of multiple programs (sets of instructions) in one

computer at the same time

10 Symmetric J A collection of data or computer instructions that tell the

computer how to work This includes applications, programs, and operating systems that enable users to perform specific tasks

on a computer

11 Graphics Engine

allocation, talks to hardware devices, and makes sure everything keeps running

12 Stream L A source or sink of data, usually individual bytes or

characters

13 Multitasking M A set of instructions and statements written by a programmer

using a programming language It is readable by humans and needs to be compiled or interpreted into machine code before it can be executed by a computer

14 Web page N A type of user interface that allows users to interact with

electronic devices through graphical icons and visual indicators,

as opposed to text-based interfaces, typed command labels, or text navigation

15 Minicomputer O A very large powerful computer that many people can use at

the same time

common operating system and memory, and are treated as equals Each processor runs tasks independently but can communicate with others through shared memory

17 Computer keyboard Q The space where interactions between humans and machines

occur The goal of this interaction is effective operation and control of the machine from the human end, while the machine simultaneously provides feedback that aids the operators’ decision-making process

18 Mainframe R The organization of text in electronic form such as on a

computer

19 Wordprocessing S A text-based user interface used to interact with software and

operating systems Users type commands into a terminal or console window to perform specific tasks, in contrast to using graphical elements

20 Resident program T A program that remains in memory at all times

Answer:

1

Exercise 2 Choose the best answer to fill in the blank

1 The most important program in the operating system, the program that manages the operating system, is the

A operating system BB supervisor program = C system D application

2 The hardware needs to make it work

A computer B graphic C operating system _D software

3 Managing the computer's resources 1s an important of the operating system

A function B graphic C operating system _D software

4 Without the user being aware of the details, the operating system manages the computer’s

A function B graphic C operating system D resources

5 We begin by focusing on the interaction between a and a PC operating system

A user B supervisor program —_C system D application

6 One task of the supervisor program is to load into memory as required

A computer B graphic C non-resident programs D software

7 One of the key functions of the operating system is to establish a user

A function B interface C operating system D software

8 The main reason for installing more memory is to allow the computer to process faster

A data B supervisor program —_C system D application 9 runs on more types of computers than any other operating system

10 The core of an operating system handles memory , talks to hardware devices, and makes sure everything keeps running

A operating system B graphic C allocation D resources

11 Facilitating between a single user and a PC is the task in most cases

12 18 the original from which compiled programs are generated

A graphic B source code C operating system _D resources

13 18 a command-driven operating system used on computers of all sizes

14 The role of the operating system is to communicate with the hardware

15 An has three main functions: manage the computer's resources, such as the central processing unit, memory, disk drives, and printers, establish a user interface, and execute and provide services for applications software

A operating system B program C system D application

16 An package does not communicate directly with the hardware

A operating system BB supervisor program = C system D applications software

17 Another function of the 1s executine and providing services for applications software

A computer B graphic C operating system _D software

18 are provided by a graphics engine known as Quartz

19 Open Source is a type of where any programmer can develop or fix bugs

in the software

A operating system —_B application C program D software development

20 You can find information on the Internet by using a

A supervisor program —_B search engine C applications software D graphics engine Answer:

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

Exercise 3 Make sentences with these given words

1 We/ look forward/ have/ cheaper / faster computers

2 The supervisor controls/ entire operating system/ loads/ memory other operating system programs (call non-resident)/ disk storage only as needed

3 Untx/ commercial product/ (licensed/ AT&T / number of resellers)/ cost more/ student could pay

5 Although input / output operations/ invoked/ applications programs/ they/ carried out / operating system

software

15 The user/aware/the effects/different applications programs but operating systems/invisible/ most users

user

17 The core/an operating system/ handle memory allocation,/ talk/ hardware devices, and makes/everything keeps running

Finland

Exercise 4 Translate from English to Vietnamese

1 Establishing a user interface is one of the key functions of the operating system

2 A type of software development where any programmer can develop of fix bugs in the software is Open Source

users

4 Loading into the memory non-resident programs as required 1s one task of the supervisor program

6 The supervisor program (often called the kernel) is crucial because it controls the execution of all other programs

kernel

8 The operating system provides a platform for running application software by managing application execution, memory allocation, and file storage

9 Users can interact with Linux through either a command line interface or a graphical user interface (GUI)

10 As more and more people got to know about Linux, some of them began to port the Linux kernel to run on non-standard computers

11 Non-resident programs are loaded into memory only when needed from disk storage and

do not stay in memory permanently

12 Features of the Linux operating system include memory protection, preemptive multitasking, and support for symmetric multiprocessing

13 Programmers found Linux didn't do things they wanted it to do - so they fixed it And where they improved it, they sent the improvements to Linus, who rolled them into kernel

14 Linux is a Unix-based operating system designed for use on a wide variety of computers It includes a variety of distribution kits available

Aqua

16 The most important program in the operating system, the program that manages the operating system, is the supervisor program, most of which remains in memory and is thus referred to as resident

17 If you don’t have the source code to a program, you can’t modify it to fix bugs or add new features

18 When a brand new computer comes off the factory assembly line, it can do nothing The hardware needs software to make it work

19 In particular, the first listed function, managing the computer's resources, is taken care

of without the user being aware of the details

20 All input and output operations, although invoked by an applications program, are actually carried out by the operating system

Exercise 5 Complete the following sentences

1 Adding more memory lets 0 cccccccccccececeseesecescesecnsecesesssesseeeseesecesestecssectsessseeeeeneeeeeaees

Exercise 6 Read the passage and answer the questions

OPERATING SYSTEMS

An operating system (called an OS for short) 1s a set of programs that runs your computer

A computer is made of hardware (your monitor, hard disk, motherboard and so on) and software (for example your word processor, and the web browser you are reading this on

8

right now) The job of the operating system 1s to tell the hardware how it should operate, and how the software should use the hardware It also provides the basic user interface - the thing that tells you where your files are, how to open them, close them and so on

You are probably familiar with the Windows operating system, but there are many different types of windows OS, and many other operating systems that are completely different All the hardware on your computer has a program called a ‘driver’ For a piece of hardware to run it needs to have a driver written for the OS of the computer it is plugged into The driver tells the OS what the hardware is, and how it should be used Even if the same hardware can

be used on several different operating systems, it needs a separate driver for each of them This means that if you want to change your OS, you need to check carefully that your hardware has drivers for the new OS or thye hardware will stop working

If an operating system gets into trouble, 1t might stop working and your computer will crash Because a crashed windows OS often leaves its final words in white on a blue background, you may hear of people talking about a BSOD (blue screen of death) The important thing required of a modern OS 1s that it should be stable (1.¢ that it should not crash), that it can multi-task (do several different things at once), be powerful (be able to deal with large hard disks, lots of files, and large amounts of RAM) and that it should be secure (so that hackers and viruses cannot damage it) And it should be user-friendly (so that users can do what they want in a simple uncomplicated way)

For many years there were three main operating systems Windows replaced MS-DOS as the main OS on most desktop computers, while a smaller number of users were dedicated to their Apple computers and their completely different OS However, more powerful computers which ran networks used a more complex, flexible and powerful OS called Unix

A new arrival called Linux has since enthused computer enthusiasts Linux is powerful, stable and secure, though many people complain that it 1s not yet very user-friendly The interesting thing about Linux is that it has not been written by one person or company, but

by hundreds of programmers all around the world who all contribute as individuals There are many different flavours of Linux, such as Ubuntu, Fedora and SUSE

In the last few years,'live' versions of Linux operating systems have been distributed on bootable CDs This means that you can put the CD in your computer, and run Linux from there, so that you can see if you like it before you install it on your computer's hard disk Retrieved from: https://www.english-online org.uk/comp/comp3 lL htm

Questions:

1 What is the primary function of an operating system (OS)?