Dongtunguyenmau TÀI LIỆU CHUYÊN ĐỀ

GIỚI THIỆU CHUNG Động từ nguyên mẫu có hai dạng: • Động từ nguyên mẫu có TO To Infinitive Verb To V: to make To be V-ing: to be making To have Vpp: to have made To have been V-ing: to

I GIỚI THIỆU CHUNG

Động từ nguyên mẫu có hai dạng:

• Động từ nguyên mẫu có TO (To Infinitive Verb)

To V: to make

To be V-ing: to be making

To have Vpp: to have made

To have been V-ing: to have been making

To be Vpp: to be made

To have been Vpp: to have been made

• Động từ nguyên mẫu không có TO (Base/Bare Verb)

Chỉ có động từ, không có TO

Có thể gọi là Base verb – Bare verb

V: watch

have Vpp: have watched

be Vpp: be watched

II CHỨC NĂNG CỦA ĐỘNG TỪ NGUYÊN MẪU CÓ “TO”

1 Làm chủ ngữ

• To become a teacher is my dream

• To cook my dinner is what I have to do now

S

• To me, to have made the same mistake twice is unforgivable

2 Làm vị ngữ

• My dream is to become a teacher

• What I have to do now is to cook my dinner

V

3 Theo sau tân ngữ

• He told me to give this to you

• The doctor advised John to take a rest every two hours

ĐỘNG TỪ NGUYÊN MẪU

• The teacher encouraged her students to try their best in the final exam

Một số động từ tương tự: V somebody to V

Assume (cho rằng)

Beg (cầu xin)

Believe (tin)

Cause (gây, khiến cho)

Challenge (thách thức)

Command (yêu cầu)

Compel (bắt buộc)

Enable (cho phép)

Expect (hi vọng)

Forbid (cấm)

Force (bắt)

Help (giúp đỡ)

Instruct (hướng dẫn) Invite (mời)

Order (yêu cầu) Permit (cho phép) Persuade (thuyết phục) Remind (nhắc nhở) Request (yêu cầu) Teach (dạy) Tell (bảo, yêu cầu) Urge (giục)

Want (muốn) Warn (cảnh báo)

Wish (ước muốn)

4 Theo sau một số động từ nhất định

• We decided to have a baby

• They plan to go abroad next year

• I would like to travel alone to Japan

Một số động từ tương tự: V to V

Afford (có đủ khả năng)

Agree (đồng ý)

Aim (hướng đến)

Arrange (sắp xếp)

Appear (có vẻ)

Ask (yêu cầu)

Attempt (cố gắng)

Care (quan tâm)

Choose (lựa chọn)

Claim (thừa nhận)

Decide (quyết định)

Deserve (xứng đáng)

Fail (thất bại)

Happen (tình cờ)

Hesitate (lưỡng lự)

Hope (hi vọng)

Offer (đề nghị) Plan (dự định) Prepare (chuẩn bị) Pretend (giả vờ) Promise (hứa) Propose (đề nghị) Refuse (từ chối) Seem (hình như) Swear (thề) Tend (có xu hướng) Threaten (đe dọa) Volunteer (tình nguyện) Vow (thề)

Want (muốn) Wish (ước muốn) Would hate (ghét)

Intend (dự định)

Learn (học)

Manage (xoay sở)

Need (cần)

Neglect (thờ ơ)

Would like (muốn) Would love (muốn) Would prefer (muốn hơn) Yearn (khát khao)

Urge (thúc giục)

III CHỨC NĂNG CỦA ĐỘNG TỪ NGUYÊN MẪU KHÔNG “TO”

1 Theo sau trợ động từ

➢ Trợ động từ thường

• He did love her, but not anymore

• She doesn’t live here

• They don’t want to work late, but they are forced to

➢ Trợ động từ khuyết thiếu

Can - Could

May - Might

Must - Shall

Ought to - Should

Will - Would

Need - Dare

Have to - Used to

• We have to go now

• You shouldn’t make that mistake again

• They can deal with this problem without you

2 Theo sau tân ngữ

• Let (cho phép)

My mother lets me come home late at night

• Have (nhờ ai, thuê ai)

I had the mechanic repair my car yesterday

• Make (khiến)

He has been making me go crazy all these days

• Help (giúp đỡ)

Nobody helps the girl collect her books

Theo sau tân ngữ - Nhóm động từ tri giác

• See (nhìn thấy)

When I arrived at the restaurant, I saw her get off John’s car with a bunch of flowers

in hands

• Hear (nghe)

Jenny heard me talk with my boyfriend on phone

• Feel (cảm thấy)

We felt the ground give way under our feet

• Watch (xem)

They watched the bus disappear into the distance

• Notice (để ý)

I noticed them come in

NOTE

• Tuy nhiên khi ở thể bị động, ta chuyển sang dùng TO VERB

She was seen to get off the bus

We were made to work so hard by the boss

• Sau HELP có thể dùng động từ nguyên mẫu có TO hoặc không có TO đều được

He helped me do my assignment

He helped me to do my assignment

PRACTICE

1 I am planning Da Lat next week

2 I must go now I promised _ late

3 I expect he will _ by this time tomorrow

4 It was late, so we decided _ a taxi home

5 How old were you when you learnt ?

6 She always encourages her son harder

7 Don’t forget the letter I gave you

A to post B to be posted C post D have posted

8 We want the handouts _

9 I tried _ the bus, but I missed it

10 Remember Lan a present because today is her birthday

11 We were allowed _ photographs in this room

12 Would you like to my birthday party?