End of course report subject the university's drainage and treatment system

Drainage concept: Drainage is a complex of equipment, technical works, and means to collect wastewater at the place of formation, lead — transport to the sanitary works treatment, disinf

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TRA VINH UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

END OF COURSE REPORT SPECIALIZED ENGLISH SUBJECT THE UNIVERSITY'S DRAINAGE AND TREATMENT SYSTEM

Instructor: Dr TRAN THI NGOC BICH

Students: TRAN THAI NGAN

Student ID number: 116719005

Grade: DAI9KTMT

Course: 2019-2023

Tra Vinh, December 16, 2022

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PROLOGUE o.oo i ACKNOWLEDGMENTS cece S 2 2 HH HH HH H1 HH HH HH HH ii

00008093222 2i 1 1.1 The concept of sewage and drainage eee eee HH ke 1 1.2 Tasks of the drainage SVSf€I - Ă- Ă SH HH HH ng ni, 1 1.3 Harm of Sewage 1 Chapter 2: DRAINAGE AND TREA TMENT - 25525 Series 2 PIN NHÀ nh ỐẦẦ 2 2.2 Drainage and treatmenf SVSf€TTNS - Ă- Ă SH HH ng ni 2 J„ÿ/ Nà an 2 2.2.2 Laboratorywaste dISDOSaÌL - -S-kcnk.H HH HH HH HH HH TH HH 2 2.2.3 Domestic WasfeWafer treafITI€T( - «sen ky 4 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS che 7

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PROLOGUE

Water after being used for purposes such as living, production,n or rainwater flowing on roofs, road surfaces, and ground, contains many organic and inorganic compounds that are easily decomposed, they contain many germs that cause diseases that are very dangerous to humans and animals If these types of

wastewater are discharged into the environment, it will cause pollution and generate

infectious diseases and serious diseases for humans

Wastewater discharged from residential and production areas and cleaned and disinfected to the required level before discharging into the water source

The drainage system takes care of the collection, transportation, and treatment of wastewater by users to remove pollutants in wastewater for human health and environmental protection

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

I would like to sincerely thank Ms TS TRAN THI NGOC BICH for her dedicated and thoughtful guidance in helping me study "Specialized English" as well

as to complete this subject report

Thank you!

Chapter 1: OVERVIEW 1.1 The concept of sewage and drainage

Wastewater concept: Water used for different needs has additional dirt, which changes the physical-biological properties compared to what was originally called

wastewater

Drainage concept: Drainage is a complex of equipment, technical works, and means to collect wastewater at the place of formation, lead — transport to the sanitary works (treatment), disinfection, and discharge of cleaned wastewater to the receiving

source

1.2 Tasks of the drainage system

Tasks of the drainage system: Quickly collect and transport wastewater out of the area, and treat and disinfect it to meet sanitary requirements before discharging it into the receiving source

1.3 Harm of sewage

Contains many toxic inorganic substances, organic matter is easily decomposed and rotting, and many germs cause dangerous diseases for humans and animals Causing flooding, affecting and damaging many other objects: land, roads,

architecture

Chapter 2: DRAINAGE AND TREATMENT 2.1 Types of wastewater

— Domestic wastewater: From washbasins, bathrooms.,

— Dirty rainwater: After falling flows on contaminated road surfaces

— Laboratory wastewater: type of chemical and amount of chemical substances used in the analysis, and washing of instruments

2.2 Drainage and treatment systems

2.2.1 Drainage system

Underground drainage systems collect wastewater (domestic wastewater, rainwater, laboratory water after treatment) that is transported in the same network to the treatment station, then discharged to the source

%& Receiving and conducting equipment inside the house

- Sanitary equipment: toilets, urinals, bathtubs, washbasins

- Indoor piping network: branch pipe, vertical pipe, outbound pipe

“% External drainage network

Including underground drains, and open channels used to direct water to pump

stations, treatment stations, rivers, and lakes There are also visiting wells and

inspection wells

“ Pumping stations and pressure pipelines (pushers)

Used to transfer water when it cannot flow on its own Including local pumping stations, regional pumping stations, and main pumping stations

“& Wastewater treatment works

“% Drains and mouths discharge wastewater into the source

2.2.2 Laboratorywaste disposal

The results of wastewater quality analysis from laboratories show that many substances present in the composition of wastewater have the potential to pollute the

environment The concentration of some organic and inorganic substances in wastewater is much higher than the permissible value of QCVN40:2011/BTNMT applying and controlling the quality of wastewater of production, processing, business, and service facilities (industrial wastewater) before being poured into the receiving source

Organic and inorganic substances in wastewater from laboratories include

Phosphate-containing compounds, ammonium, NOs, SO4 * iron, Mn, Cu, Pb, Hg, methanol, butanol, chloroform, benzene, toluene, acetone, aniline These are

poisonous substances, that pollute the environment Depending on the time of day, the concentration of pollutants also varies

Chemical-containing

wastewater from a lab sink

Collection tanks

| Sludge

compression Fenton reaction tank tank

Domestic

wastewater at the Sewage Water after Drainage headquarters with | tanks — system

a laboratory

Laboratory wastewater treatment process

Wastewater from laboratory sinks is arranged to be collected separately until it reaches the capacity to be treated, then the treatment cycle begins From the collection tank, wastewater is directed through the oxidation reaction tank by the Fenton

process At the reaction tank, continuously monitor and adjust the pH and factors for the concentration of suitable participants to create optimal conditions for oxidation and precipitation to take place At the same time, monitor the concentration of TOC, and COD to know when to stop the reaction When the reaction is over, the wastewater is saved for some time to settle the sediments that have been condensed After that, the wastewater is directed into the sewage tank, and the sludge is directed

to the sludge compression tank At the sewage tank, the wastewater after the reaction tank is mixed with domestic wastewater that can be discharged Dry sludge is taken for heavy metal recovery or a safe landfill

2.2.3 Domestic wastewater treatment

Sewage ———» | Receiving vault

Garbage netting

Sand settling tanks

Acquired sand

Air conditioning tank Settling Tank I Fresh mud

Collection pit

External

Garbage

Landfill

Settling tank II

Reception

% Receiving vault

The pump cellar is designed to be lower than the ground so that wastewater can

be collected by flowing naturally along the slope Wastewater from each receiving bunker will be pumped directly into the ditch leading to the garbage barrier and into the sand settling tank The storage time in the receiving cellar is only about 10-15 minutes, so it is usually built in a square shape and placed with a submersible pump

to bring water into the sand settling tank

% Garbage netting

The garbage barrier is placed on the head of the sand settling tank, to separate small residues to increase the processing efficiency of the rear works

%4 Sand settling tanks

Sand settling tank: separating from wastewater inorganic dirt with large specific gravity, avoiding affecting wastewater biochemical treatment and scum treatment as well as not being beneficial for technological equipment works on treatment stations such as pipes, and pumps Sand from sand settling tanks are buried with solid waste Water from the sand settling tank will flow into the air conditioning tank by itself

4+ Air conditioning tank

In an air conditioning tank with a perforated compressed air supply system to disturb the wastewater evenly as well as the sedimentation process of wastewater, the air conditioning tank also has the purpose of:

e Reduce fluctuations in the content of pollutants in wastewater

e Keep the flow of wastewater into the next treatment works

e Reduces and prevents wastewater with high concentrations of toxic substances from going directly into biological treatment facilities

“% Settling Tank I

Next, wastewater from the air conditioning tank is pumped to sedimentation tank

I to remove part of the suspended substances and then to the biofiltration tank The

settled sludge from the settling tank I collected by gravity into the sludge collection pit I Water from the settling tank will be allowed to flow into the filter tank by itself

4 Filter tank

Water is distributed in a bottom-up direction, combined with blowing air during water surges in the filter tank In the process of reducing organic compounds, the microbial film will form an adhesion to the surface of the material when wastewater passes through The microbial film layer has a complex and uneven structure The thickness of the microbial film is about 100um + 10mm, the microbial concentration can be between 40 +100 g/l there is no uniform growth of the microbial membrane

in the substrate layer of the material and they will periodically peel off from the

substrate

% Settling tank II

Wastewater from the filter tank will be self-drained into sedimentation tank II to remove the suspended residues generated in the filter tank and then to the disinfection tank The settled sludge obtained from sedimentation tank II is collected by gravity into the sludge collection pit II

“% Disinfection Tanks

The purpose of disinfection is to kill pathogenic germs with oxidants before discharging them into the receiving source The disinfectant used is Chlorine which will be pricked directly on the mouth of the sterilization tank Water is flowed in a zigzag fashion to increase the mixing and contact of water with chemicals to increase disinfection efficiency

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

3+ Conclude:

Currently, the market is very diverse in types and many different diameters, so it

is very important to choose the right brand, and pipe diameter for construction and installation according to the principle scheme of the Design

“%& Petition:

Implementing the system in practice requires comprehensive and active cooperation between stakeholders to ensure the project is implemented on schedule, ensuring technical and quality requirements

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