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Problem statement
In the process of research and survey, I have identified a significant challenge and opportunity for the healthcare system, particularly in applying digital transformation to hospital management The main issue I aim to address is the management process and how digital transformation can bring efficiency to hospital management while creating a positive experience for patients through a mobile application.
I have observed that the synergy of information technology and artificial intelligence in hospital management can optimize various aspects, from appointment scheduling to patient monitoring and personalized care Creating a cross-platform digital transformation application not only assists doctors and nurses in easily tracking patient information and managing health conditions but also provides individuals with convenient and straightforward control over their personal health information.
My goal is to develop a functional application capable of synchronizing information across multiple platforms, from mobile to personal computers The application will not only focus on improving the efficiency of hospital management but also provide patients with comfort and control over their health information.Integrating features such as online appointment booking, tracking medical history, and receiving health care notifications will make the application a comprehensive tool for both patients and healthcare teams.
Aims and Objectives
Our project philosophy is centered around achieving intelligence and convenience in healthcare management, simultaneously providing a convenient and personalized experience for patients We aspire to build a modern healthcare system, not just as a smart patient information management hub but also as a companion in maintaining and personally caring for health.
Focusing on our objectives, we aim to create a smart, user-friendly application that is truly applicable in the community Firstly, we target intelligence by integrating digital transformation technology into the hospital management process This not only enhances the efficiency of doctors and nurses but also provides accurate and crucial data for patients.
Secondly, our goal is to develop an easy-to-use and user-friendly application, catering to both patients and healthcare professionals The user interface is designed to be simple, clear, and convenient, facilitating natural and effortless interactions.Finally, we not only consider the practicality of the application but also contextualize it within the community This involves optimizing features to align with the specific needs and conditions of the community while incorporating special functions to address unique healthcare community needs We believe that intelligence and convenience are not just trends but also practical benefits that people can experience daily in managing their health.
Structure of the thesis
After the Introduction, the thesis is structured in three chapters:
Chapter 1, Theoretical basis, In this chapter, the thesis presents In this foundation chapter, the thesis delves into the theoretical foundation of digital transformation, the application and meaning of digital transformation Cross-platform programming is clearly explained, providing essential understanding of the principles and concepts that form the basis of the technology tools used Readers will gain a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental aspects of cross-platform programming, laying the foundation for the chapters that follow In addition, key technological tools critical to the development process are introduced, providing a roadmap for the practical application discussed in the following sections.
Chapter 2, System analysis and design, This chapter includes The second chapter is dedicated to a detailed analysis of the problems and requirements posed in building a hospital management system Through sequential analysis, the thesis identifies and solves multifaceted issues related to building a smart and effective digital transformation platform This chapter not only analyzes the problems but also develops a comprehensive design strategy By combining elements of systems analysis and design principles, readers will better understand the thought process and methods used to develop an effective digital transformation solution.
Chapter 3, Deploy and build, This chapter proposes The final chapter covers the application's build deployment process This section summarizes all steps to deploy the system How to build interfaces, deploy on platforms, test processes and develop applications.
Finally, there are Conclusions Suggestions, References, and Appendices related to the topic.
THEORETICAL BASIS
Digital Transformation
Digital Transformation, abbreviated as DX, entails a shift in mindset, operational methods, and problem-solving approaches for businesses, organizations, or individuals through the effective application of digital technology and internet systems The goal of digital transformation is to harness the potential of digitization to enhance work efficiency, increase value, and bring about positive changes for organizations, customers, and society.
In the process of digital transformation, organizations adopt technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT), Cloud Computing, Big Data, Data Analytics, Business Intelligence (BI), and many others to optimize production processes, manage financial affairs, enhance customer interactions, improve user experience, and elevate innovation and competitiveness.
The digital transformation process has interconnected impacts on organizations, encompassing operational methods, culture, organizational structure, and relationships with customers, partners, and the public Digital transformation is not solely a technological issue; it also requires changes in work processes, employee training, and a shift in mindset and work habits for all members within an organization.
At the core of digital transformation lies a comprehensive change in how organizations operate, leveraging the opportunities that digital technology brings to achieve optimization, create new value, and maintain a competitive edge.
Digital transformation has become a pivotal factor for organizations to thrive in the digital age, fostering innovation, boosting productivity, and enhancing customer satisfaction.
Digital transformation, with the integrated fusion of information technology and artificial intelligence, has revealed a myriad of practical applications deeply involving various aspects of life In the modern era, digital transformation is not just a trend but a necessity, given the benefits it brings.
At the foundational level, digital transformation has introduced convenience in information management and interaction From storing personal data in the cloud to using mobile applications for communication and remote work, digital transformation has changed the way individuals interact with information and with each other.
In the industrial sector, digital transformation has initiated automated and optimized production processes From smart factories utilizing sensors and data to anticipate and prevent issues to closely monitor the supply chain, digital transformation has enhanced efficiency and minimized waste.
Furthermore, digital transformation has significantly impacted customer experience improvement From online banking services to personalized shopping experiences based on data, digital transformation is shaping a business environment where consumer expectations are continuously rising.
In conclusion, digital transformation is not merely a new technological approach but a fundamental element driving positive change in our daily lives and work.
1.1.3 Current status of digital transformation
Converting hours here is no longer a vision or a luxury goal in the future, but has become an essential process, forcing every organization and business to participate in order to survive and not be abandoned falling on a fierce and rapidly changing competition like today.
Implementing digital transformation today in Asia/Pacific, according to data compiled by Microsoft, out of 615 businesses studied, 44% said they have applied the digital transformation process successfully.
By 2023, most businesses will apply multi-channel management solutions, software, distribution channel management, online sales, to their businesses. The current digital transformation situation in Vietnam has received a lot of support from the market and Government agencies, contributing to a faster and more decisive digital transformation process Currently, no organization, business, or individual is left out of the transition process; if they don't do it, they will be left behind.
1.1.4 Digital transformation in the healthcare industry
At present, the objective evaluation of the digitization process in Vietnamese hospitals reveals a fragmented landscape, mainly concentrated in central public hospitals and private hospitals in urban areas of type I Departments such as diagnostic imaging, hematological tests, cancer, and precision medicine are among the first units to apply digital solutions.
Generally, the connectivity between departments is limited, and sometimes doctors and nurses struggle to access stored patient information Additionally, patient records, medical devices, healthcare applications, and hospital information systems and laboratories have not met the required standards.
The current trend in healthcare development, along with advanced technologies such as Big Data and Artificial Intelligence (AI), has garnered significant attention inVietnam However, in reality, due to low service quality, startups in the healthcare sector face convincing healthcare users to change their habits regarding services.
Technology used
Cross platform app is a cross-platform environment for multiple applications. You can basically understand that with just one code, we can translate it and apply it on many other platforms, this helps you save time and effort.
Because of those convenient features, Cross platform is trusted by many programmers In addition, when a programmer needs to make a choice according to the needs of the Framework's advantages and disadvantages, because Cross Platform uses many different platforms.
Cross Platform is becoming a popular choice for businesses wanting to develop mobile applications thanks to the following advantages:
- Rapid application development: Using one code for multiple platforms provides significant time savings and reuse, leading to faster application development and accelerating the overall development process.
- Reaching a larger market: Multi-platform applications are capable of operating on many different operating systems such as Windows, iOS, Android, etc. Thereby, helping businesses expand their reach to users.
- Reduced development costs: Cross-platform app development is more cost- effective as you only need to use one code for multiple platforms Thereby, optimizing application development and deployment costs
Cross-platform has some disadvantages:
- Poor user experience: Cross-platform does not guarantee a good user experience across different platforms due to differences in the operations and features of each platform.
- Low Availability: Although Cross-Platform can support multiple languages,some platforms do not provide support for the same language while developing the application For example, iOS and macOS come with the open sourceJavaScriptCore engine, used by React Native However, Android does not haveJavaScript built in, so adding JavaScript to the application is necessary This increases the size of the application bundle.
Flutter is an independent, powerful, and platform-agnostic mobile app development framework developed by Google With the ability to create aesthetically pleasing user interfaces and stable performance, Flutter has quickly become popular in the mobile app development community Unlike traditional frameworks, Flutter utilizes the Dart programming language, designed to optimize the development process while providing an excellent experience for developers This helps create mobile apps with high speed and performance without the need for extensive optimization for each platform.
One of Flutter's prominent features is its capability to reuse the source code (codebase) for both iOS and Android, significantly reducing the time and effort required to develop and maintain apps across multiple platforms Flutter provides a range of customizable widgets and operations, making user interface development easy and flexible.
The framework stands out for its efficiency in delivering a consistent user experience across various devices and screen sizes It enables developers to build natively compiled applications for mobile, web, and desktop from a single codebase, streamlining the development and maintenance process.
In summary, Flutter's versatility, efficient code reuse, and powerful customization options make it a preferred choice for developers aiming to create cross- platform mobile applications with compelling user interfaces and optimal performance.
Fast Development: The Hot Reload signal works in milliseconds to show you the interface Use a set of customizable widgets to build a look and feel in minutes In addition, Hot Reload also helps you add features and fix errors to save more time without having to go through virtual machines, Android or iOS devices.
Flexible and expressive user interface: There are many components to build extremely beautiful Flutter interfaces in Material Design and Cupertino styles, supporting many motion APIs, smooth scrolling
Native performance: Flutter widget combines different cross-platform features such as scrolling, navigation, icons, fonts to provide the best performance for iOS andAndroid.
SYSTEM DESIGN ANALYSIS
Current status survey
2.1.1 Survey and evaluate the current situation
Currently, although many hospitals have integrated software into their management processes, the effectiveness of this system has not yet reached the ideal level The regulatory process remains unclear, and patients have difficulty accessing information and completing administrative procedures.
The software system often has problems with interaction between modules, making it difficult to track medical history and services used This not only increases the workload of medical staff but also creates risks of information errors Patients, from their side, do not yet have a convenient way to access and manage personal medical information, and payment procedures are still complicated and time- consuming.
Currently, completing administrative procedures as well as hospital fees is extremely cumbersome and complicated, so we need a software that specializes in management and has functions to handle basic administrative procedures for doctors , patients' families with access can quickly search and use
Build a management system that meets user needs, makes it easy to find information, and is user-friendly
- Doctors in the hospital who need to borrow medical records for teaching, studying, or scientific research must have a written request clearly stating the purpose, approved by the head of the general planning department, and can only read on the spot For medical records of deceased patients, in addition to the above procedures, they must be approved by the hospital director.
- The general planning department must have a book to track people who borrow medical records and store requests.
Requirements modeling
Behavioral modeling
Design detailed class diagrams
- Class Hồ sơ bệnh án - Class Room
- Class Lần Khám - Class Toa thuốc
- Class Chi tiết hóa đơn
- Class Loại thuốc - Class Thuốc
Architectural design
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Build user interface
Doctors are important people in the healthcare system and they need to be able to manage detailed patient information The application needs to provide the ability to view and update patient medical history information, test results and current health status In addition, doctors also need to be able to take notes and make diagnoses, and monitor the treatment process.
Pharmaceutical management: Provides the ability to track and manage pharmaceutical inventory, including information on manufacturing dates, expiration dates, and product batches.
Confirming and preparing prescriptions: Assists pharmacists in validating and preparing prescriptions from physicians, including tracking and reporting on quantities of medication supplied to patients.
Nurses often have to manage work schedules and care for many patients in a day Therefore, the application needs to provide the ability to view and manage their schedules, along with information about the patients they have to care for Nurses also need to be able to enter symptom information, describe the patient's condition, and update information after each round of care.
For patients, the app should provide the ability to book appointments online and manage their schedules at their convenience Patients also need to have easy access to personal medical records, including medical history, test results and prescriptions.
System administrators need the ability to manage users and ensure the security of personal information They also need tools to track and manage project progress, while ensuring effective integration with other systems in the healthcare sector.
Implement database
Index Column Data type Nullable Primary key Foreign key
Index Column Data type Nullable Primary key
Index Column Data type Nullable Primary key
Index Column Data type Nullable Primary key Foreign key
Index Column Data type Nullable Primary key
Index Column Data type Nullable Primary key Foreign key
Index Column Data type Nullable Primary key
Index Column Data type Nullable Primary key Foreign key
_status enumMedical record table
Index Column Data type Nullable Primary key Foreign key
4 id_medical_record int yes
Index Column Data type Nullable Primary key Foreign key
Service relation medical examination table
Index Column Data type Nullable Primary key
Index Column Data type Nullable Primary key Foreign key
Index Column Data type Nullable Primary key Foreign key
Prescription relation medical examination table
Index Column Data type Nullable Primary key Foreign key
Index Column Data type Nullable Primary key Foreign key
Index Column Data type Nullable Primary key
5 id_medical_record int yes
Building backend service
In this project, we embark on the journey of constructing a robust backend service using NestJS, a modern and powerful Node.js framework, coupled with Prisma, a versatile database toolkit supporting various database systems Additionally, we will deploy a MySQL database on AWS (Amazon Web Services) to ensure the reliability and scalability of our service.
Step 1: Initializing the NestJS Project
Let's start by setting up our NestJS project The NestJS CLI simplifies this process: npx @nestjs/cli new nest-prisma-backend
Integrating Prisma for Database Interactions
Seamless interaction with databases is crucial for any backend service Prisma,with its type-safe and efficient database toolkit, becomes the perfect choice We'll integrate Prisma into our NestJS project, allowing us to handle database operations with ease.
Configuring and Deploying MySQL Database on AWS
To ensure reliability and scalability, we will deploy a MySQL database on AWS AWS provides a robust infrastructure and services for database management. We'll explore the process of configuring and deploying our MySQL database, ensuring it aligns with best practices for performance and security.
Implementing Business Logic and APIs
With our infrastructure in place, we'll dive into the core of our application.Implementing business logic and creating APIs using NestJS will be our next focus.We'll leverage the framework's modular structure to build a well-organized and maintainable codebase.
Testing APIs with Postman
Result achievement
Some pictures of the completed application
Conclusions
My cross-platform app, SmartHOSP, is the result of a constant journey of discovery and innovation With the ability to manage basic functions, SmartHOSP is not simply a medical application, but also a companion in the daily life of patients and medical teams.
We've focused on building a user-friendly, easy-to-use, cross-platform user interface that ensures consistency and convenience in every situation In this way, SmartHOSP not only helps increase efficiency in hospital management but also provides a positive experience for patients, supporting them in the healthcare process and keeping in constant contact with the medical team international With SmartHOSP, health management and appointment scheduling become more flexible than ever Patients can easily schedule appointments, track medical history and update their health information right from their fingertips Not only does this save them time, but it also creates a personal and convenient healthcare experience.
With practical implications, SmartHOSP provides a strong bridge between doctors and patients Doctors can remotely monitor patient health information, helping them make faster and more accurate decisions This not only optimizes the care process but also reduces the work burden on the medical team, enhancing feedback and interaction between stakeholders.
SmartHOSP is not just a medical application, but a smart and comprehensive solution that integrates into everyday life It is not simply a health information management tool but also a companion, providing effective and positive choices for everyone, from patients to medical care teams This is an important step forward,opening up great prospects for improving the quality of health care and creating a flexible and effective health system.
Suggestions
Overall, we recommend deploying SmartHOSP on a broader scale across the health system, creating an integrated digital transformation platform and expanding usability to more hospitals and clinics At the same time, we will continue to improve and add urgent features of the application to meet more and more needs and challenges in the medical field.
We hope that SmartHOSP will not only be a useful tool but also a source of encouragement to improve healthcare quality and optimize management in medical facilities The support and contribution of digital transformation will help the healthcare industry develop in a smart, convenient way and enhance the value of human health.
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