The donors have no ideawhether their contributions are being used properly or not.2 The main function of blockchain is the application of Smart contracts that automate manyaspects of sup
Project Code
Member List
Full Name Class Student ID
Nguyễn Lê Thu Trà FDB2022A 22070122
Phạm Phương Ngân FDB2022A 22070086 Đỗ Thị Lan Anh FDB2022A 22070254
Advisor(s)
Abstract
Using blockchain technology in charity, which is a new boom, brings transparency and safety to all publicly recorded and nonmodifiable transactions in the controller’s ledger.Although this technology has been applied, it is not yet popular in Vietnam because of more difficulty to control transactions and the mechanism of operation is difficult The legal basis of blockchain in Vietnam has not yet been widely disseminated Blockchain technology can help improve the traceability and transparency of donations through distributed ledger This system is built on Node.js written in JavaScript; the algorithms required for the system This article will build a complete system of blockchain technology for charities and donors to bring high efficiency We propose three main functions in the charity of funding transaction process including: transparency,decentralization, safety and security.
Keywords
Blockchain, transparency, ensuring trust, security, safety
SUMMARY REPORT IN STUDENT RESEARCH
Literature Review
Based on the huge benefits of blockchain technology, charity is a promising field for this blockchain when retrieving, reviewing and storing transactions of non-governmental organizations A lot of attempts have been made to find a way for a proper charitable platform to run based on blockchain technology and win the trust of donors 1
Transparency and accountability are lacking in NGO donations to individuals, due to poor record-keeping Furthermore, the presence of unethical actors within charities has damaged donor confidence, as they question the proper use of their contributions.
Blockchain technology, exemplified by Ethereum, empowers smart contracts that automate supply chain operations and contract execution Ethereum's blockchain-based donation tracking system transparently tracks donor transactions and usage of funds Smart contracts on the blockchain eliminate third-party intermediaries, enabling direct transactions between parties The ETH-based system simplifies transaction monitoring due to its unique nature The transparency and integrity of these systems foster trust, encourage donations, and enhance the credibility of charitable giving.
May humanitarian organizations, such as Binance Charity Foundation (BCF) allow donors to research, review, and select the cryptocurrency projects they want to help and made in cryptocurrency: Bitcoin (BTC), Ethereum (ETH), Ripple (XRP) and Binance Coin (BNB) 4
Aidchain is an application which, using distributed blockchain networks, provides a blockchain-based crowdfunding platform Aid Chain allows donors to make a traceable
1 Soomro, “Using Blockchain to Ensure Trust between Donor Agencies and NGOs in Under-Developed Countries.”
2 Zwitter and Boisse-Despiaux, “Blockchain for Humanitarian Action and Development Aid.”
3 Lu and Xu, “Adaptable Blockchain-Based Systems.”
4 “Quỹ Từ Thiện Binance.” charity donation via blockchain technology and uses its own crypto coin to make donations 5
“Buildings Blocks” is the World Food Programme employing a blockchain network for humanitarian assistance; enabling them to securely access and receive multiple forms of assistance from different organizations via one access point Building Blocks is a collection of blockchain nodes which are computer servers independently operated by each participating organization 6
Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in inder-developed countries are reveiving funding from donor agencies for various purposes, including relief from natural disasters and other emergencies, promoting education, women empowerment, economic development,v.v Amazing that some NGOs have been involved in the misuse of funds. This research proposes a blockchain-based solution to ensure trust between donor agencies from all over the world, and NGOs in under-developed countries The list of National IDs along with other keys would be available publicly on a blockchain The distributed software would ensure that the same set of keys are not entered twice in this blockchain, preventing the problem highlighted above The details of the fund provided to the student would also be available on the blockchain and would be encrypted and digitally signed by the NGOs In the case that a record inserted into this blockchain is discovered to be fake, this research provides a way to cancel that record A cancellation record is inserted, only if it is digitally signed by the relevant donor agency The author proposes a blockchain-based solution to increase transparency and trust between NGOs and funding agencies in under-developed countries Some of objects and data structures that were used are: (i) an invalidation record that can be inserted into the blockchain to invalidate a previous transaction; (ii) a time-keeping table that each node maintains, to allow an entity, whether NGO or donor, to insert its records only if has participated as an active member in the system; and (iii) a table of purposes, that lists a valid range of a sum of money, for a given purpose, and is also used to detect duplicate/fake claims of two distinct funds 7
5 “Chuỗi Viện Trợ | Tiền Điện Tử.”
6 “Khối Xây Dựng | Đổi Mới Của WFP.”
7 Naiknavare et al., “Blockchain based Transparent and Genuine Charity Application.”
Blockchain technology enhances donation tracking, enabling donors to monitor the usage of their contributions A proposed system involves users as donors or beneficiaries, NGOs, and government entities Donors initiate donations by selecting the desired amount and confirming with a button click Approved NGOs can request donations and initiate fundraising campaigns Users search for causes and select relevant campaigns to support Once donations are confirmed, smart contracts automatically transfer funds to the crypto-wallets of the designated NGOs.
Research content
Objectives of blockchain research in the charity sector
The main goal of research into blockchain in the charity sector is to understand how this technology can improve aspects related to transparency, traceability of transacted funds from donors to the safe hands who needs sponsorship or not.
1 Verify the origin of funds
The research will look at how blockchain can help authenticate the origins of charity funds and the provenance of projects, helping participants and donors feel more secure about donating and using funds.
2 Build trust and encourage donations
The study explores how blockchain can create a trusting and secure environment, thereby encouraging donations and increasing public trust in charities.
Blockchain provides real-time transaction and transaction tracking capabilities This helps build trust and confidence among philanthropists, as they can verify that their funds are being used for the intended purpose.
8 Singh et al., Aid, Charity and Donation Tracking System Using Blockchain; Singh, Ahad, and Malik, “Donation
9 Mangalkar et al., “A Survey on Use of Blockchain Technology in Introducing Transparency in Charity.”
The system helps prevent fraud by tracking and authenticating the entire donation flow, from payment to usage.
Blockchain technology ensures the integrity of charitable records due to its immutable nature Any transactions or data stored on the blockchain, including financial records and donation history, are protected against unauthorized modifications The decentralized network structure of blockchain necessitates the consensus of all nodes before any changes can be made, preventing malicious actors from altering or deleting vital information This immutability safeguards the reliability and transparency of the charity's operations, fostering trust and accountability within the organization.
6 Verify the purpose of donation
With blockchain, donors can verify that their money was used for the intended purpose. For example, if you donated to a school construction project, you can check whether your money was used to buy construction materials, pay workers, and finally complete the project.
Blockchain can create new opportunities for charities such as the creation of tokens or smart contracts to track and report on the use of funds, creating trust for donors sponsor.
Legal issues about Blockchain technology in Vietnam
In Vietnam, blockchain technology has gained significant recognition, fostering technological advancements in the digital era However, as technology evolves, legal implications emerge, necessitating a clear understanding of blockchain's legal status Despite the Ministry of Justice's review report and the implementation of Decision 1255/QD-TTg, Vietnam lacks a comprehensive legal definition for blockchain applications, highlighting the need for a definitive legal framework to address the challenges posed by this transformative technology.
But now, the Vietnamese government has decided to build and perfect the law, apply Blockchain technology in practice, and draft agencies to suit the socio-economic development situation of Vietnam as well as contact with international economic markets. Policies for applying and developing Blockchain technology have been stated in important documents of the Party and State such as:
Decision No 100/QD-TTg aims to enhance the efficiency of origin traceability with advanced technologies It entails deploying funds, projects, and research to integrate Blockchain, IoT, AI, Big Data, and emerging technologies This approach aligns with global best practices to strengthen the traceability system.
Furthermore, Decision 2117/QD-TTg 2020 by the Prime Minister delineates a list of priority technologies for research, development, and application to actively engage in the fourth industrial revolution 11
Additionally, Decision No 749/QD-TTg, also by the Prime Minister, approves the
"National digital transformation program to 2025, orientation to 2030," prioritizing Blockchain as a core technology with the potential for significant breakthroughs in Vietnam Moreover, Decision No 942/QD-TTg, also by the Prime Minister, approves the
"E-government development strategy towards digital government for the period 2021 -
2025, orientation to 2030," emphasizing the exploration of virtual currency based on blockchain technology 12
In recent years, the Party and the state, in collaboration with the Vietnam Blockchain Association, have devised innovative legal frameworks to integrate socio-economic management with advanced technology, particularly in financial services However, alongside the advantages of technologies like Blockchain, there are challenges for Vietnam, including legal issues related to raising capital through crypto assets and cryptocurrencies such as ICOs, ITOs, or STOs, as well as the operation of crypto asset asset exchanges Currently, relevant state departments are working on proposals and legal frameworks to encourage the application of products and services developed on blockchain technology platforms On a global scale, countries have approached blockchain technology differently, categorizing assets into distinct types and enacting specific regulations.
Switzerland stands out as a leader in blockchain regulation, known for its financial stability, solid privacy laws, and a supportive regulatory framework The Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority (FINMA) has established a clear regulatory landscape for Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs) and streamlined the licensing process for fintech companies This proactive approach creates a fertile ecosystem for blockchain and cryptocurrency ventures to flourish, positioning Switzerland as a hub for innovation and growth in the digital asset industry.
10 phủ, “Quyết định số 100/QĐ-TTg của Thủ tướng Chính phủ.”
11 phủ, “Quyết định số 2117/QĐ-TTg của Thủ tướng Chính phủ.”
12 phủ, “Quyết định số 942/QĐ-TTg của Thủ tướng Chính phủ.” surrounding blockchain transactions are complex, with each jurisdiction applying its laws and regulations.
In Delaware, SB 69 empowers businesses to embrace distributed ledger technology (DLT) in their corporate governance This law permits the use of electronic networks and databases, including DLT, to manage and store corporate records like stock ledgers Previously, companies controlled their stock ledgers directly, but SB 69 allows P2P networks to maintain them Moreover, businesses must ensure that DLT used for stock ledgers can prepare and retain required information, such as share transfer events Additionally, companies utilizing blockchain technology must have mechanisms to convert digital records into legible paper format.
The state of Arizona has passed law HB 2417 officially recognizing electronic signatures and contracts (smart contracts) secured via blockchain In particular, the law also defines blockchain technology as a distributed ledger technology in which data on the ledger is protected by cryptography, cannot be changed, can be audited and provides an accuracy that is not required censorship.
HB 2417 amends the Arizona Electronic Transactions Act (AETA) which means that electronic records, electronic signatures on contracts and smart contracts are secured through blockchain technology and used for related transactions to commodity transactions, rentals is considered an electronic record and is enforced under AETA. The law also specifically defines a smart contract as an input event-based program that runs on a blockchain technology ledger and can direct the transfer of assets on that ledger. This amendment allows smart contracts and digital signatures via blockchain to have the same legal force, validity and enforceability as their paper counterparts.
This poses challenges in locating fraudulent or erroneous transactions To address this,predetermined governing laws and dispute resolution mechanisms are essential Various
US states, including Delaware and Arizona, have enacted legislation recognizing electronic signatures, contracts, and smart contracts secured via blockchain, thereby providing legal clarity and enforceability.
In conclusion, while countries worldwide are increasingly embracing blockchain technology, there remain legal ambiguities that necessitate understanding and mitigation.Clear legal frameworks are essential to ensure information security, facilitate fair competition, and provide legal recourse in case of disputes Transactions conducted on the blockchain must be supported by concrete legal evidence to uphold integrity and ensure resolution through appropriate legal channels.
Libraries and algorithms installed in the system
The Node.js Crypto module offers essential functions for encryption, decryption, digital signatures, and hash code processing This module within Node.js empowers users to seamlessly perform secure data operations in their applications.
The Node.js Crypto module uses encryption and hashing algorithms supported by the OpenSSL library It provides a set of classes and methods to perform security functions such as data encryption, decryption, digital signature generation and verification, and hash code generation and processing.
Main functions of node.js crypto
The Node.js Crypto module provides several key functions to perform security and encryption tasks in Node.js applications
Encoding and decoding is create encrypted and decrypted objects with encryption algorithms such as AES, DES, RSA, etc; encode and decode text or binary data.
Generate hashes of data using hash algorithms such as SHA-1, SHA-256, MD5, etc. Check data integrity by comparing hashes.
Handling hashes and cryptography have performed hashing, encryption, and decryption operations directly on data.
Crypto Library is an important foundation for the charity blockchain system, bringing many practical benefits for data security, transaction verification and ensuring transparency in charity activities Effective application of this library will contribute to building a trustworthy, efficient and transparent charity blockchain system, thereby attracting community participation and actively promoting charitable activities 13
1.2 Elliptic library and EC key
The Elliptic library is an open source tool written in JavaScript that provides functions to perform elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) operations in a JavaScript environment ECC is an advanced cryptographic technique widely used in blockchain applications, cryptocurrency wallets, and other security systems Main function:
Create and verify digital signatures: Elliptic allows you to create and verify digital signatures based on elliptic curves, helping ensure data integrity and authenticity.
Encrypt and decrypt data:The library provides methods to encrypt and decrypt data using the ECC algorithm, which helps secure data from unauthorized access.
Perform elliptic curve operations: Elliptic provides APIs to perform complex elliptic curve operations, simplifying the development of applications using ECC.
Elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) is a type of public key cryptography based on the mathematics of elliptic curves It is used in blockchain technology to secure transactions and protect user privacy In ECC, the public key pair is generated using an elliptic curve equation The public key is used to encrypt data, while the private key is used to decrypt data.
An EC key is a type of public key pair generated using elliptic curve cryptography These keys are used to sign and verify transactions on the blockchain When a user wants to send a transaction, they use their private key to sign the transaction, which proves that they are the owner of the transferred funds The recipient can then use the sender's public key to verify the signature and ensure that the transaction is legitimate.
ECC is considered more secure and efficient than traditional encryption methods, such as RSA This is because ECC uses a smaller key size, making it faster and more efficient. Additionally, ECC is resistant to attacks from quantum computers, which makes it a popular choice for blockchain applications 14
13 Trình, “Module Node.js Crypto.”
Hexadecimal is a very useful Number System based on the premise of concatenating 4 bits at a time to form a single entity of a system consisting of 16 symbols consisting of 10 digits from 0-9 and the first six alphabets AF antecedent The word hexadecimal is derived from the words Hex meaning six and decimal meaning ten 15
So the word conjunction means sixteen, which is six and ten added together Hexadecimal strings are also known as radix or base 16 While dealing with different Number Systems, it is essential to be able to convert them from one system to another.
There are two approaches for hexadecimal to binary conversion and they are mentioned as follows:
Usekey-value pairsto convert hexadecimal characters to equivalent binary characters Converts a hexadecimal number to its decimalequivalent, which is then converted to its binary equivalent
Figure 1: Example of a hex to binary value
In blockchain, hex to binary conversion is used to represent data in a more compact and efficient way The hexadecimal (hex) system is a hexadecimal numbering system that uses 16 digits (0-9 and AF) to represent numbers On the other hand, binary is a base-2 numbering system that uses only two digits (0 and 1) to represent numbers.
In blockchain, data is often represented in hex format because it is easier to read and work with than binary However, when data needs to be processed by the blockchain, it is converted to binary format because binary is a language that computers understand.
So, hex to binary conversion is used to convert data from a human readable format (hex) to a machine readable format (binary) in the blockchain.
15 “Java Program to Convert Hexadecimal to Binary.”
PubNub provides a client library or SDK (Software Development Kit) that developers can use to more easily integrate PubNub's real-time communication platform into their applications These libraries are available for many different programming languages and platforms including JavaScript, Python, Java, iOS, Android, Unity, etc PubNub client libraries typically include functions such as:
Initialize PubNub:Configure and initialize PubNub with your API keys and other settings.
Publish messages:Send messages to channels so that other customers subscribed to those channels can receive them.
Subscribe to Channels: Subscribe to channels to receive real-time messages published on those channels.
Presence detection:Monitor the online/offline status of users or devices in real time.
Access management:Set up access control and permission management for channels and users.
Push notifications: Send push notifications to mobile devices when they are offline or inactive.
Data flow management:Manage data flows and handle events such as incoming messages, connection status changes, and errors.
By using these client libraries, developers can significantly reduce the effort required to implement real-time communication features in their applications and focus more on building its core capabilities and functions.
PubNub provides comprehensive documentation and examples for each customer library, making it easier for developers to start integrating PubNub into their applications regardless of the programming language or platform they are using.
What is the PubNub library used for in Blockchain?
PubNub can be used in charity blockchain applications to provide real-time messaging and data transfer capabilities This is especially useful for decentralized applications(dApps) that require real-time communication between nodes on the blockchain network.Overall, PubNub can help improve the user experience for blockchain applications in charity by providing real-time communication and data transfer capabilities.
UUID (Abbreviation for Universally Unique Identifier), also known as GUID (Globally Unique Identifier) is a unique value that is 128 bits long A standard UUID string uses hex digits (octets):
The purpose of UUID is because:
Theoretical basis
We present practical and experimental applications that we have built to visualize how a charity system can check a transaction through a blockchain system At first, we have a model to visualize how our system can conduct a transaction.
The Icharity system utilizes peer-to-peer technology, cryptography, and consensus mechanisms to ensure secure, transparent, and efficient charity transactions Transactions are initiated with digital signatures, creating a unique identifier for each sender and transaction The Gossip protocol propagates transactions throughout the decentralized network for verification and authentication Nodes verify transactions by examining digital signatures and account balances, preventing double spending Once validated, transactions are grouped into blocks, with nodes competing to solve complex problems to create new blocks Blocks are verified and added to the blockchain, further strengthening data integrity and immutability.
Whether the transactions in the block are verified and authenticated The block is linked to the previous block in the blockchain chain
Once the new block is verified and added to the blockchain, the transactions in the block are considered confirmed The transaction is confined to have been recorded in the blockchain ledger and cannot be altered or reversed.
19 Li and Ning, “Blockchain Transaction Sharding Algorithm Based on Account-Weighted Graph.”
Blockchain comprises interconnected blocks that immutably record transaction data, resembling a public ledger Each block references its preceding block, or parent block, through a hash linking mechanism The Genesis block initializes the blockchain with no parent block A block's structure consists of a header and body, with the header containing metadata such as timestamp, parent block hash, current hash, difficulty, and nonce.
Block Version Indicates which set of block validation rules to follow Previous Block Hash A 256-bit hash value that points to the previous block.
Current Hash The 256-bit hash value of the current block.
Timestamp Current timestamp as seconds since 1970-01-
01 UTC + 7 difficulty difficulty Mining difficulty is an important component of the cryptocurrency mining ecosystem, acting as a balancing act to ensure the stability and security of the blockchain network.
Nonce A 4-byte field, which usually starts with 0 and increases for every hash calculation.
Figure 4: Blockchain structure Body of the block contains a transaction counter and transactions The transaction counter refers to how many transactions follow, and transaction represents the list of recorded transactions in the block The maximum number of transactions a blockchain system can contain depends on the size of the block and on the size of each transaction An electronic signature is based on Elliptic and ec
Used in an untrusted environment such as a blockchain network In the system, each user in the network owns a private key and public key pair The private key is used to sign or encrypt transactions while the public key is used to distribute throughout the network and be visible to everyone to help decrypt transactions.
The blockchain ledger is distributed because it is shared with everyone using the blockchain network
In this network, many nodes or rather many individuals through computers connect to the blockchain by connecting to the blockchain network They receive a copy of the complete blockchain ledger With recorded blockchain history.
Of all the transactions that have occurred throughout the life of the blockchain.
Now that everyone has a copy of the blockchain ledger, they will receive updated information Every time a change is made to the blockchain Related to the idea of blockchain being decentralized This means that there is no central organization responsible for updating the ledger in the centralized model We will compare between centralized and decentralized ledger models:
3.1.1 Centralized ledger centralized ledger is a ledger controlled by a single entity such as a banking system That single entity has full authority to invalidate transactions and issue fines where justice can be found in this system You have to have complete trust in the bank, the central institution you are relying on to record all your transactions.
Decentralized ledgers operate on a model of distributed trust, where no single authority controls transactions Instead, all participants have access to the transaction history and share responsibility for recording and verifying them This model ensures fairness and democracy within the blockchain system, eliminating the need for centralized authorities and fostering transparency due to the public nature of all transactions.
Blockchain provides the infrastructure by which truth can be measured 20 and allows producers and withdrawers to prove that data is authentic and not altered For example, a blockchain consists of 10 blocks, and the 10th block contains the hash of previous block and to create a new block, the information of the current block will be used because the current block hash will be referenced for the next block So, all blocks are linked and connected to each other in the chain using the hashes of each existing block Even transactions are related to previous transactions If they want to change or modify any information, they must modify all the hashes of each block in the system, which is considered very difficult considering the amount of work that needs to be done But after the block is created, it will be confirmed by miners From there, any act of changing or
Blockchain technology's inherent tamper-proof nature stems from its decentralized and immutable distributed ledger system As noted by Shrier et al., any data falsification attempts within the network are readily detectable, making blockchain a highly secure and reliable data management solution This inability to alter data once entered ensures that the ledger remains a permanent and accurate record of transactions and information.
All transactions that occur within the blockchain network are recorded in a digital distributed ledger and authenticated by the timestamp of that block We can check and track previously recorded transactions by accessing any node in the network 21 For example all transactions are saved into blocks We can track it over and over again in a cryptocurrency system This facilitates auditing and transparency of data status in charity transactions.
Blockchain has 3 types: public, private and consortium 22 We compare it between the following different descriptors:
Public blockchains, like Bitcoin, operate on a principle of openness Any node within the network can participate in the process of verifying transactions In contrast, consortium blockchains function with a more selective approach Only a designated group of nodes are granted the responsibility of confirming blocks Private blockchains take this control a step further, with a single central authority handpicking the nodes allowed to validate transactions.
Public blockchains give permission to all users typically to view the distributed ledger In contrast, consortium and private blockchains can restrict access to this ledger This allows the organization or consortium to manage the blockchain to control whether the stored information is kept public for all or only accessible to select individuals.
Experimental applications
To streamline the auditing of charity transactions, we have built and implemented a comprehensive system This system aims to streamline the deposit/withdrawal process in charity funds, ensuring transparency and accuracy in the charity transaction process The following section provides a detailed overview of how this process works.
To launch the system server we use npm run build-client: this command is used to build the front-end web application for the “cryptochain” project The system uses the Parcel tool to package Javascripts, Css and HTML files into a single file
Figure 12: Dist fileWhen the built-in appears, the web building process for the ICHARITY project has been successful
Figure 13: Server has been created Launch the command npm run dev to launch the server when "Listening localhost:3000" appears, the system indicates that the server is waiting for connections from the web browser on port 3000 of localhost.
On the system browser run localhost:3000 in the search bar:
The project website appears with buttons with different functions Below the buttons is the Address address: this address is the name of the charity fund and its name has been encrypted into strings based on the principle of the SHA-256 algorithm to increase the security of the fund Balance shows how much money is in this fund.
In general, the system shows the basics of the main interface of the system with buttons, fund names and balances.
Blocks are designed to store transaction blocks after completing deposit and withdrawal transactions of the donor as well as the withdrawer.
Each block displayed in the table will include a Hash: This hash is the input data that has been converted by the SHA-256 algorithm into a character string with a fixed length here of 256bits The purpose of hash is to verify the integrity of data, compare between two data because the nature of blockchain is that blocks are connected together using the Hash of the previous block and create a system secret key using the Hash value to Generate secret keys for security purposes In the system, each hash of a block is used to verify the integrity of the data in the block If the data in the block is changed, the value of the block's hash will also change This helps ensure the security and integrity of data in the blockchain.
Timestamp: is the time the block was created Timestamp is used to arrange blocks in chronological order and to determine the execution time of transactions.
Data is data stored in blocks: This data includes transactions and Smart Contract. Transactions are ìnormation about transactions that have taken place in the blockchain network Smart Contract which code is executed on the blockchain Description of a block:
Data: "id": "e3ebff40-f505-11ee-afba-699 ",
To see details of transactions in Blocks, click show more:
Figure 16: Details about the blocks This will be a block with its entire transaction history in the system:
Of the latest block with Hash: 001011011000000…, timestamp: 00:40:14 April 8, 2024
We have it from address 042afedfaed6bc80b57d | Balance: 1510, withdraw 5 currency units to address: 044dc33cf77dec3a4079 after the transaction is completed, the system will update the balance: 1505
The lower block is the block referenced to the current block with the same Hash code and transaction content as the previous block After the transaction is entered into the system,the system will have an authorized-reward message, meaning the system will charge a fee for the transactions included in the block For reference, the system takes the price of 50 units.
Conduct transaction is built to help users interact with the system and perform transactions
Figure 17: The conduct of transaction screen.
The interface of the first page will be the Known Addresses section, which displays the transaction history that has been performed and has been successfully included in the block And the addresses are encrypted Making the first transaction, the user will enter their name or transaction content
Figure 18: Input transaction They then enter the amount they want to withdraw, with the condition that the amount cannot be larger than the wallet balance.
This is an example with the content "Vu Hai Nam rut money to buy medicine for bamboo grapes" with the amount to withdraw is 450 to complete the transaction, the user must click submit
The system will notify success when the transaction is made, click ok to continue and the system will take the user to the transaction pool where transactions are stored to wait for processing.
Transaction Pool is the intermediary between performing blockchain transactions
Transactions are initially unconfirmed, forming a pool of unprocessed transactions These transactions are then grouped to create data for new blocks in the blockchain To validate these blocks and include them in the chain, a proof-of-work puzzle must be solved.
Upon completing a click mine transaction, a notification will confirm its success, indicating the verification and historical recording of the block Subsequently, the system redirects to the Blocks page, allowing users to verify the transaction's completion.
As we see, the block has been put into the system for storage When returning Home :
Figure 23: Updated BalanceThe user will see that the system has automatically updated the balance in the charity wallet.
Result and discussion
The basic system shows how blockchain works in checking the accuracy and transparency of charity through internal nodes such as Blocks will store blocks that have been transacted, conduct Transaction to perform transactions and finally the Transaction Pool is where transactions are processed to put into blocks for storage and inspection.
In addition, this basic system also helps us: Better understand the advantages of blockchain such as security, decentralization and fraud protection Recognize the challenges in applying blockchain for philanthropy, such as implementation costs and technical barriers Moreover, encourage charities and technology developers to collaborate to create effective and easy-to-use blockchain solutions.
Blockchain systems have enormous potential to improve the transparency and efficiency of philanthropy Using blockchain can help increase contributor trust and ensure that their funds are used for the right purpose With the development of blockchain technology, we can enter a future where philanthropy is more transparent and efficient.
Conclusion & Recommendations
Overall, the blockchain application project in the charity sector is a promising initiative.Through the use of blockchain technology, we can increase transparency and accountability in charitable giving activities This helps attract more people to donate because they know for sure that their money will go to the right people and purposes that need support In addition, fundraising and operating costs for charitable organizations can also be significantly reduced thanks to the application of technology This allows more resources to be invested directly into charity work Finally, we believe that the development of blockchain will open up many opportunities to develop the charity sector,bringing many good values to the community We hope that charity workers as well as sponsors and benefactors will actively apply and develop projects that promote blockchain applications in this field.
List of Abbreviation
SHA-256 : Secure Hash Algorithm 256-bit
UUID :Abbreviation for Universally Unique