Usage: - Diễn tả 1 sự việc đã đang xảy ra tại 1 thời điểm nhất định ở quá khứ: e.g: She was listening to music at 8 last night.. - Khi có 2 hành động cùng xảy ra ở quá khứ, có 1 hành độ
Trang 1THE PAST PROGRESSIVE
1 Form:
S + was / were + V-ing S + was/ were + not + V-ing Was/ Were + S+ V-ing .?
e.g:
She was watching TV at 7p.m last night
What were you doing when I called yesterday?
2 Usage:
- Diễn tả 1 sự việc đã đang xảy ra tại 1 thời điểm nhất định ở quá khứ:
e.g:
She was listening to music at 8 last night
We were doing home work at 8 p.m yesterday.
At this time yesterday morning, I was playing chess with John.
- Khi có 2 hành động cùng xảy ra ở quá khứ, có 1 hành động đang xảy ra thì 1 hành động khác xảy đến, hành động đang xảy ra chia quá khứ tiếp diễn, hành động kia chia quá khứ đơn
- Ex: When he came, they were cooking dinner.
* As + S + Was / Were + V-ing , S + V2 / ed
Ex: As it was raining, I left home.
- Hai hành động xảy ra song song 1 lúc ở quá khứ,ta chia thì quá khứ tiếp diễn
S + Was / Were + V-ing + While + S + Was / were + V-ing
Ex: I was doing my homework while my mother was cooking lunch.
THE PRESENT PERFECT
1 Form:
S + has/ have + P.P S + has/have + not + P.P Has/ Have+ S + P.P .?
e.g: I have finished my homework
2 Usage:
- Diễn tả 1 sự việc đã xảy ra ở quá khứ nhưng không có thời gian xác định rõ ràng, hoặc kéo dài đến hiện tại hoặc tương lai :
e.g: He has written a poem
We have worked here since 1995
- Diễn tả 1 sự việc vừa mới hoàn tất:
e.g: He has just gone out
+ Expressions often used ( Thường đi với các trạng từ chỉ thời gian): sofar , up to now , until now , already never , ever , recently , just , for , since.
Note : S + HAS / HAVE + V 3 / Ved + SINCE + S + V 2 / ed
Ex: I have known Mary since she was a baby.
Have they finished their work yet?
Nam has learnt English for 10 years
- Diễn tả hành động lặp đi lặp lại nhiều lần ở quá khứ:
Ex: I have seen this film several times
- Dùng thì HTHT sau những từ ở cấp so sánh nhất: It’s the most boring film I’ve ever seen
- dùng với this morning /week / month… khi những khoảng thời gian này còn trong lúc nói:
Ex: I’ve smoked 10 cigarettes today
Ngoài ra còn có một số cụm từ chỉ thời gian như: so far = up to now/ how long ? It is the
first/second time, twice/ many times
THE PAST PERFECT
1 Form:
S + had + P.P S + had + not + P.P Had+ S + P.P .?
2 Usage:
Trang 2- Diễn tả 1 sự việc đã xảy ra và hoàn tất trước 1 thời điểm nhất định ở quá khứ:
e.g: By 1995, he had left school
- Khi có 2 hành động xảy ra ở quá khứ, hành động nào xảy ra trước( hoàn tất trước), ta chia quá khứ hoàn thành, hành động xảy ra sau, ta chia quá khứ đơn.
E.g: When she had sung her song, she sat down
A / S + HAD + V 3 / V ed + BEFORE + S + V2 / ed
Ex: They had phoned me before they came here.
Before he went out, he had locked the door
B / S + V 2 / ED + AFTER + S + HAD + V3 / V ED
Ex: I went to school after I had had breakfast. After I had done all my homework, I watched TV
THE SIMPLE FUTURE
1 Form:
S + will /shall + V(bare) S + will/ shall + not + V(bare) Will / Shall + S + V(bare)?
2 Usage:
- Diễn tả 1 sự việc sẽ xảy ra ở tương lai
e.g: He will probably late
- Diễn tả 1 dự đoán, ý kiến, giả định về tương lai
e.g: I’m sure he’ll come back
Perhaps we’ll find him at the hotel
There is a match between France and England tonight I think England will win
- Diễn tả 1 lời mời, 1 lời đề nghị::
Ex: It’s hot Will you open the door, please?
* Notes:
a TO BE GOING TO: S + am/is/ are +going + V (bare).
- Diễn tả 1 dự định trong tương lai, thường dùng chỉ tương lai gần:
e.g: Are you going to visit him tonight?
I have bought some bricks and I am going to build a garage
I am going to buy a house this summer.
Look ! It is going to rain.
b -Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn dùng như 1 hình thức tương lai, thường đi kèm với thời gian ở tương lai:
e.g: I’m taking an exam in October
- Với các động từ chỉ sự di chuyển: arrive, go, come, fly, leave, travel ta dùng thì hiện tại tiếp diễn để mang nghĩa tương lai:
e.g: I’m going home tonight
She is flying to HCM city tomorrow
IV Put the verbs in brackets into the Simple past or The past continuous:
1 He (sit) in a bar when I (see) him
2 When I (go) _ out, the sun (shine)
3 The light (go) _ out while I (have) tea
4 When it (rain) , she (carry) _ an umbrella
5 He (walk) to the station when it (begin) to rain
6 He (teach) English for 2 months when he (ive) in Germany and (work)
as a journalist
7 The house (burn) fast, so we (break) the window to get out
8 The servant (drop) _ two cups while she (wash up) _ last night; neither of them (break)
9 While I (write) a letter, the telephone (ring) _; as he (go) _ to answer it
Trang 3V Put the verbs in brackets into the Present perfect:
1 I (try) to learn English for years, but I (not succeed) _ yet
2 That book (lie) _ on the table for weeks You (not read) _ it yet
3 He (not be) here since Christmas
4 He (write) a novel for two years, but he (not finish) it yet
5 I (see) _ that film several times because I like it
6 Jack (look) _ no trouble with my English lesson up to now
7 We (study) almost every lesson in this book so far (so far: cho đến bây giờ)
8 How long you (learn) _ English?
9 Tom (never;be) in Hanoi
10 I’m sorry I (forget) _ that girl’s name already
Exercise V : Put the verbs in brackets in the present perfect or the simple past tense.
1/ We (never watch) that TV programme.
2/ We (watch) a good programme on TV last night.
3/ He (read) that novel many times before.
4/ He (read) that novel again during my last vacation.
5/ I (have) a little trouble with my car last week.
6/ However, I (have) no trouble with my car since then.
7/ I (not see) John for a long time I (see) him 3 weeks ago.
8/ The school bell (ring) We must go now.
9/ I (meet) Mary last night She (become) a very big girl.
10/ He is very thirsty He (not drink) since this morning.
11/ It is very hot Summer (come) .
12/ They (study) at this school for 7 years now.
13/ They (begin) to study at this school 7 years ago.
14/ Since when (you know) _ her ?
15/ How long ago (he start) to learn French ?
16/ She (lose) her handbag on the train yesterday morning.
17/ My mother (be) in hospital for a long time and she cannot go home yet.
18/ His dog (just run) out of the garden.
19/ Mr Brown (travel) by air several times in the past.
20/ He (travel) _ to Mexico by air last summer.
21/I (try) _ to learn English for years, but I (not succeed) _ yet.
22/I’m sorry I (forget) _ that girl’s name already
VI Give the right forms of the verbs in the brackets: Simple Past or Past Perfect
1 They (go) home after they (finish) their work
2 She said that she (already, see) Dr Rice
3 When we came to the stadium, the match (already, begin)
4 They told me they (not, eat) such kind of food before
5 He (ask) why we (come) so early
6 After they had gone, I (sit) down and (rest)
7 Before she (watch) TV, she (do) her homework
8 After taking a bath, he (go) to bed
9 What be he when he (be) young?
10 It was the first time I (ever, see) such a beautiful girl
VII Give the right forms of the verbs in the brackets: Past tenses
1 Yesterday John (go) to the store before he (go) home
2 Our teacher (tell) us yesterday that he (visit) England in 1970
3 When John and I got to the theatre The movie (start) already
4 Before Alice (go) to sleep She (call) her family
5 When the phone (ring) , I (have) dinner
6 Daisy (agree) with other members in the last meeting
7 What you (do) at 6 p.m yesterday?
Trang 48 The little girl asked what (happen) to her ice-cream.
9 He (teach) in this school before he (leave) for England
10 He (win) the gold medal in 1986
VIII- I Supply the correct verb forms.
1 I (see) a car accident while I (wait) for you on this corner yesterday
2 Mr John (be) principal of our school since last year
3 Mr Smith (teach) at this school since he (graduate) in 1980
4 My father (not watch) TV every night
5 I (meet) Arthur three weeks ago
6 Yesterday the police (report) that they (capture) the thief
7 My friend (thank) me for what I had done for him
8 Someone (steal) my hand bag on the bus
9 They (live) in Paris for 7 years when the second World War (break) out
10 Last month I (be) in the hospital for ten days
11 Don’t call me in the afternoon I usually (be) away in the afternoon
12 John (drive) that car ever since I (know) him
13 What you (do) when I (ring) you last night
MULTIPLE CHOICE
A Choose the best answer:
1) He for London one year ago
2) She _ in Hue for twenty years
3) I _ to the market with my mother yesterday
A go B went C have gone D was going
4) What _ you , Nam? – I’m thinking of my mother
5) How long _ you _ her? – For five months
6) I usually _ to school by bus
A went B am going C go D have gone
7) Yesterday morning I up at 6.30
A got B get C was getting D had got
8) Please don’t make so much noise I _
9) Water _ at 100 degrees Celsius
A boils B boiled C is boiling D will boil
10) It is raining now It began raining two hours ago So it for two hours
A rains B is raining C has rained D rained
11) you out last night?
12) This house 35,000 pounds in 1980
A costs B cost C had cost D was cost
13) While Tom tennis, Ann a shower
A played/took B playing/taking C was playing/was taking D was play/was take
14) Mike is playing chess How long _he _?
A did/play B is/playing C has/play D has/been playing
15) When they _ in the garden, the phone
A worked/was ringing B were working/rang C worked/rang D work/rings
Trang 516) After they their breakfast, they _shopping yesterday.
17) They _ tea when the doorbell
A have/is ringing B were having/rang C had had/ rang D having/ringing 18) Father his pipe while mother _ a magazine
C was smoking/was reading D smoking/reading
19) When I _ into the office, my boss _ for me
A came/was waiting B was coming/waited
C had come/waited D came/waiting
20) When I Brian, he a taxi
A see/drives B see/was driving C saw/was driving D saw/is driving 21) When he _ , we dinner
A arrived/having B arrived/were having C.was arriving/had D had arrived/had 22) While they _ chess, we the shopping
A playing/doing B were playing/doing
C played/did D were playing/were doing
23) They football when the lights in the stadium out
A were playing/went B played/was going
C were playing/ was going D playing/went
24) While George and John _their room, she _ the ironing
25) Today is Thursday and she _ late twice this week She _ late yesterday and on Monday
A is/was B has been/is C has been/was D has been/had been
26) He _ in the same house since 1975
27) We _ him since he married
A didn’t see/got B haven’t seen/got C don’t/get D hadn’t seen/got 28) It _ for two hours and the ground is too wet to play tennis
A is raining B had rained C has rained D was raining
29) He to HCMC last year and I _him since then
A moved/didn’t see B moves/haven’t seen
C moved/haven’t seen D moved/hadn’t seen
30) We _ what to do with the money yet
A not decide B didn’t decide C haven’t decided D hadn’t decided 31) My father _as a teacher for thirty years
A works B is working C worked D has worked
32) He _to New York three times this year
33) I _ how to dance when I six years old
A don’t know / was C didn’t know / was
B didn’t know / am D haven’t known/was
34) Last month my brother me his photos He me his photos every year
A sends/sent B sent/sends C sent/sent D sends/sends
35) Nam is a careful driver but yesterday he _ carelessly
A drove B had driven C drives D was driving
36) Do you like swimming, Ba? – I _when I was a child but not now
A do B did C have done D had done
37) I _ her at the school gate yesterday
A met B meet C had met D am meeting
38) She _ English when she was six years old
A learned B has learned C is learning D had learned
39) I don’t remember where and when I her
A meet B had met C met D have met
40) They _ to know each other for more than ten years
A get B got C have got D had got
Trang 641) _ you that film yet?
42) I the film with my friends last week
43) He _ up at five every morning
A is getting B got C gets D was getting
44) _ she in Hue at the moment?
A Does/live B Is/living C Did/live D Was/living
45) He usually her at weekend but now he _ in bed because of his severe illness
A visits/stays B visits/staying C visited/stays D visits/is staying
46) Don’t make noise, children! Parents
47) Why you often so much noise in the house?
48) What _ he before you came?
49) While mum was watching TV, I _my homework
50) At this time yesterday I _ to music
51) What _ he at 4pm last Sunday?
52) When I a little girl, I used to climb trees and go swimming in the river with my friends A
am B was C have been D had been
53) Last year he came here and _ me to marry him but I _ too young to get married
A asked/was B asks/am C had asked/was D has asked/am
54) How long _ you _ novels?
A have/write B do/write C have/written D are/writing
55) _ you sometimes out with friends?
56) I _ a lot of badminton recently
57) When I _ home, everyone _ TV
A got/watch B got/watching C get/was watch D got/was watching
58) We _ your mother for ages
59) London _ a lot since we first _ to live here
C has changed/ came D has changed/ come
60) How many times you this film? – The first time
61) Who’s that? I _ never _ him before in my life
A am/seeing B had/seen C have/seen D was/seeing
62) They just _ a new fuel It’s half the price of the petrol and much cleaner
A had/discovered B have/discovered C are/discovering D were/ discovering
63) My sister _ married three times
64) While she _ on the phone, the children fighting and broke a window
A talked/start B talking/started C talked/started D was talking/started
65) I _ a lot of time travelling since I this new job
A spend/get B have spent/get C spent/got D have spent/got
66) We _ our plan next week
67) They _ a house by June next year
A will build B are building C have built D will have built
68) I _ here until he answers me
Trang 769) She _ until you are ready.
70) The film _ by the time we get there
71) Tom _ to Hanoi before
72) When we came to the stadium, the match _
A already begins B already began C had already begun D have already begun
73) It was the first time I _ such a beautiful girl
B Choose the underlined part among A, B,C or D that needs correcting
1 When I walk past the park, I saw some children play football
A B C D
2 After John eaten dinner, he wrote several letters and went to bed
A B C D
3 What did you do at 9 o'clock last night? I phoned you but nobody answered
A B C D
4 When I arrived at the station, the train has already left
A B C D
5 Ann and Susan have known each other during they were at school
A B C D
6 She has disappeared three days ago, and they are still looking for her now
A B C D
7 After Mrs Wang had returned to her house from work, she was cooking dinner
A B C D
8 It’s the first time I saw this film
A B C D
9 After he graduates from university, he joined the army
A B C D
10 Up to now, there had been no woman being chosen the US president
A B C D
C Choose one sentence that best rewrites the sentence given
1 They last visited me five years ago
A They haven't visited me for a long time C I haven't been visited for a long time
B They have known me for five years D They haven't visited me for five years
2 Mike turned off the light, then he went to bed
A Before Mike went to bed, he had turned off the light
B Before Mike turned off the light, he had gone to bed
C After Mike had gone to bed, he turned off the light
D Mike turned off the light as soon as he had gone to bed
3 I haven't visited the museum for three months
A It is three months since I have visited the museum B.I didn't visit the museum three months ago
C The last time I had visited the museum was three months ago
D It is three months since I visited the museum
4 "John began playing the piano 10 years ago"
has played the piano for 10 years
doesn't play the piano anymore
5 The last time I saw her was a week ago
Trang 8her since a week
week
6 My father hasn’t smoked cigarettes for a month
A It’s a month since my father last smoked cigarettes
B It’s a month ago that my father smoked cigarettes
C It’s a month that my father hasn’t smoked cigarettes
D It’s a cigarette that my father smoked a month ago
7 Mr Brown bought this car five years ago
A Mr Brown started to buy this car five years ago
B It has been five years when Mr Brown bought this car C Mr Brown has had this car for five years
D It is five years ago since Mr Brown bought this car
8 I haven’t enjoyed myself so much for years
A It’s years since I enjoyed myself so much B It’s years since I have enjoyed myself so much
C It was years since I had enjoyed myself so much
D It has been years since I have enjoyed myself so much
9 It’s a long time since we last went to the cinema
A We have been to the cinema for a long time B We haven’t been to the cinema for a long time
C We don’t go to the cinema as we used to D We wish we went to the cinema now
10 The last time I saw Rose was three years ago
A I didn’t see Rose for three years B I haven’t seen Rose three years ago
C I haven’t seen Rose since three years D I haven’t seen Rose for three years
***Động từ có quy tắc thêm –ed được phát âm như sau:
1 /ɪd/ sau âm /t, d/
2 /t/ sau những phụ âm vô thanh (trừ âm /t/) : /p, k, f, ʃ, s, tʃ, θ/
3 /d/ sau những nguyên âm và phụ âm hữu thanh (trừ âm /d/) : / ð, b, v, z, ʒ, dʒ, g, m, n, ŋ, l,r,j,w/
EXERCISE 1: Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others
*****Cách phát âm –s hoặc –es sau động từ hoặc danh từ phụ thuộc vào âm đứng phía trước nó Động từ hoặc danh từ khi thêm –s hoặc –es được phát âm như sau:
1 /ɪz/ sau động từ hoặc danh từ tận cùng bằng những âm /s/, /z/, /ʃ/, /ʒ/, /tʃ/, /dʒ/
2 /s/ sau động từ hoặc danh từ tận cùng bằng những âm vô thanh /p/, /k/, /f/, /θ/, /t/
3 /z/ sau động từ hoặc danh từ tận cùng bằng âm còn lại
EXERCISE 2: Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others
Trang 910 A roofs B banks C hills D bats
B FUTURE TENSES
1 They the exercise when their teacher comes back
A are doing B will be doing C do D would do
2 By Christmas, I for the company for five years
A shall have been working B shall work
C have been working D shall be working
3 We exam at 8 o’clock next Monday
A will take B will be taking C take D would take
4 By the end of next year, my son _ English for six months
A will learn B will have learned C has learned D had learned
5 I will contact you as soon as I _the information
A will get B get C got D had got
6 “ How long have you been with the company?”
“ I there for ten years by September”
A will work B was working C will be working D will have worked
7 He left today, which is Tuesday, and he _back tomorrow week
A will be B would be C would have been D is
8 I a famous pop star when I'm older
A am going to be B am being C am D was
9 I just want to know what you at this time tomorrow afternoon
A were doing B will be doing C are doing D do
10 I am reading this novel By the time you come back from work I _ it
A will finish B will have finished C have finished D had finished
11 A: You’re just missed the last train!
B: Never mind, I _
A will walk B will be walking C walk D will have walked
12 Whenever she came to see me, she _ something to my children
A would give B had given C will have given D was giving
13 The chairs _ from the ballroom before the dance begins
A will have been removed B will have removed
14 Clare _five years old next month
A is going to be B will be C will have been D is
15 If he's late again, I _ very angry
A am going to be B will be C would be D am
16 I an exam next October
A am taking B have taken C take D will be taken
17 “Can I come by for my check tomorrow?”
“ Yes, by then I _ time to go to the bank”
A will have had B will have C have had D have
18 There is going to be a bus strike Everyone to work
A will walk B will be walking C will have walk D shall walk
19 A: “The phone is ringing” B “ I it”
A answer B will answer C have answered D will be answering
20 We should learn how to choose our words carefully or they our speech silly and vulgar
A made B will make C would make D have made
21 You to take the entrance exam if you fail GCSE exam
A are allowed B won’t be allowed C aren’t going to take D won’t allow
22 Do you think that _ pass your exams in June?
23 There are a lot of black clouds in the sky It _
A is going to rain B will rain C is raining D rains
Trang 1024 She hopes that he _ to the party.
A will come B will be coming C comes D would come
25 A: You’re just missed the last train! B: Never mind, I
A will walk B will be walking C walk D will have walked
26 Mary, we go to the cinema?
27 You _ something to drink, won’t you?
A will have B will be having C will have had D have
28 What _ next Sunday morning?
A does Carol B will Carol do C do Carol do D does
29 A: Why are you getting out the jack?
B: we have a puncture and I _ the wheel
A: I _ you
A am going to change/ will help B will change/ am going to help
C will change/ will help D am going to change/ am going to help
30 A: I’ll ring you tomorrow at six
B: No, don’t ring at six I the baby then ring later
A shall bath B will be bathing C will have bathed D bath
31 What do tomorrow, girls?
32 I’ve just enrolled at the local technical college I _ pottery classes next winter
A am going to attend B will attend
C will be attending D will have attended
33 A: Why are you peeling that bit of garlic?
B: I it in the stew
A am going to put B will put C will have put D will be putting
34 A: me your fishing rod? B: yes, of course Where
A will you lend/ are you going to fish
B are you going to lend/ are you going to fish
C will you lend/ will you fish
D are you going to lend/ will you fish
35 A: Why are you getting out the jack?
B: we have a puncture and I the wheel
A: I you
A am going to change/ will help B will change/ am going to help
C will change/ will help D am going to change/ am going to help
36 I think I won’t come to the party because I will have an interview for a job with a
A B C D
publishing firm
37 When you will come to Dalat next summer, I will take you round the city
A B C D
38 She said that she will be in Paris on Monday
A B C D
39 He wrote his diary in code so that his wife won’t be able to read it
A B C D
40 Mother: Your face is dirty
Child: All right, I _ ( wash) it
41 I’ve hired a type writer and I (learn) to type
42 I (work) for Mr Pitt next week as his own secretary will be away
43 Do you think that you (pass) your exams in June
44 At this time tomorrow we (fly) over the Atlantic
45 By the time I go to bed tonight, I ( finish) my work for the day
46 A: I don’t feel well enough to go to the station to meet him
B: I (meet) him for you But how _(recognize) him?
A: He’s small and fair, and he (wear) a black and white school cap
47 He (live) in this city for exactly two years by next Monday
48 I’m turning this cupboard into a darkroom I _ (develop) my own films