Báo cáo nghiên cứu nông nghiệp " Improvement of export and domestic markets for Vietnamese fruit through improved post-harvest and supply chain management " pot

The April/May trip - objectivesstrategic planning strategic plan for specific supply chains supply chain information on the performance of the current supply chain other horticulture su

Workshop 1 April 2006

No Chi Minh City Vietnam

Project:- “Improvement of export and domestic markets for Vietnamese fruit through improved post-harvest and supply chain management.”

Australian Government AusAID CARD Project 050/04 VIE

“Improvement of export and domestic markets for Vietnamese fruit through improved

post-harvest and supply chain management.”

CARD Project:- Improving Supply Chains

Welcome everyone

CARD Project 050/04 VIE

This CARD Project 050/04 VIE

Improving Supply Chains

builds upon the previous

CARD Project that helped establish and maintain several

farmer associations in Southern Vietnam.

CARD Project Aims

•Improve the potential of the horticultural industries

– export & domestic marketing

•Work with established supply chains (a pomelo and a mango supply chain)

• Demonstrate the processes of strategic plan development and implementation to the selected supply chains

• Assist in implementing the strategic plan

•Evaluate performance

November 2005 Workshop 2

Supply/Value Chains

• What are they ?

• What are the benefits ?

• Relationships (working together)

• How to make supply/value chains work

?

November 2005 Workshop 3

Interview techniques and questionnaire design

To obtain information about the nature and performance of the selected supply chains

Structured and unstructured Interviews

– Disorders – Diseases – Pests

The April/May trip - objectives

strategic planning

strategic plan for specific supply chains

supply chain

information on the performance of the current

supply chain

other horticulture supply chains

The April/May trip - plans

Friday

21st April

Plan (Workshop 1) Discuss strategic planning, explain and improve the processes for the

main workshop, adjust trip plansMon-Tues

Main workshop with project partners and supply chain representatives

Develop draft strategic plan for both supply chains

Develop draft strategic plan(Workshop 2)More information

Evaluate understanding(Workshop 3)

More “training”

Refine the plan(Workshop 4)

Visit the key partners in both supply chains

Obtain missing information identified in the main workshop

Demonstrate process analysis and quality assessment

If possible, discuss experiences of the previous week

–Understand the processes used in the main workshop –Understand process analysis and quality assessment

Identify additional “training” in supply chain assessment and

Develop action plan for project activities for the next 12 months

Strategic planning – essential requirements

Accurate strategic planning requires good processes to:

(Poor processes – poor results)

at this stage, but this can be improved later.

The workshop manual

–Objectives–Critical factors–Itinerary

–The general strategic planning process–Overview of processes to be used in this project

–Information gathering–Compile and summarise (mapping)–Analyse (SWOT)

–Determine what is required (GAP)–Action plan

–Evaluate (ORID)

The workshop manual (cont.)

–integrity test

•Process analysis examples

Strategic planning process for supply chains

Situation Analysis

Supply Chain Maps

Business Assessment

Strategic Issues

SWOT Analysis GAP Analysis

Goals

Priorities

Strategies and Act

Action plan

Monitor and Evaluate

Bennett’s Hierarchy

Vision

Overall Project planning

Strategic overview (Project planning stage)

Identify industries

(Project planning stage)

Identify supply chains wanting to improve

(Project planning stage and confirmed in Trip 1)

Strategic plan

Implement strategic plan

Strategic planning part 2

Specific supply chains (April-May)

Supply Chain wanting to Improve

Compile & summarise

(flow maps etc)

Analyse

(SWOT, principles of good supply chain)

What is required (GAP

Strategic plan part 1

1 Confirm future direction for the supply chain

2 Information on the existing supply chain

3 Compile and summarise this information

4 Analyse the information

5 What do we need to do to improve

6 Develop action plans

7 Implement and evaluate (later)

What we will be doing

Process Detail

1 Define and

clarify

Supply chain mission, aims, objectives

Where does the supply chain want to be in 10 years time (increasing exports etc)

2 Collect the

information

Existing reportsOriginal information from interviews, discussions, supply chain studies (quality losses)

Discussions during the workshop with supply chain members

–Customer satisfaction–Relationships and communication–Creating and sharing value

Process for the main workshop

Process Detail

Performance against six principles of successful supply chains

–knowing customers and consumers –creating and sharing value

–getting the product right –logistics and distribution –information and communication –effective relationships.

5a Identify

the improved

supply chain

•What are the detailed practices of the improved supply chain

•How do these compare to existing supply chain practices

•How do these compare to suggestions raised during previous sessions

•Identify areas for improvement (Gap analysis)

Process for the main workshop (cont.)

Process Detail

5b Prioritise

possible

improvements

•List possible improvements under the six principles of successful supply chains

•Combine similar ideas

•Number will be suggested improvements

•And ask participants to list the five most important improvements

•Place a tick against each improvement based on the voting

•Identify the improvements receiving the most votes

•Discuss the results

•Confirm the most important improvements

6 Develop

action plans

What needs to be done/provided to develop these improvements

–knowledge/skills –infrastructure/facilities/resources –Relationships

Develop action plans for:

–What is to be done, how, by whom, and when

•Identify further improvements

(May not have time within this project)

Process for the main workshop (cont.)

Essential requirements

1 Accurate information

– Will use several processes to look at the supply chain

• Encourage critical evaluation

– Must have supply chain members present (we

do not know it all!)

– Must be encouraged to participate – Will they be comfortable in a workshop? Will they feel threatened?

– How can we improve the information we have – More information collected during farm visits etc

– This is an ongoing process

Essential requirements (cont.)

2 Accurate determination of

priorities and action plans

– Have all major members of the chain involved

– Don’t let one person/group dominate

The April/May trip - plans

Friday

21st April

Plan (Workshop 1) Discuss strategic planning, explain and improve the processes for the

main workshop, adjust trip plansMon-Tues

Main workshop with project partners and supply chain representatives

Develop draft strategic plan for both supply chains

Develop draft strategic plan(Workshop 2)More information

Evaluate understanding(Workshop 3)

More “training”

Refine the plan(Workshop 4)

Visit the key partners in both supply chains

Obtain missing information identified in the main workshop

Demonstrate process analysis and quality assessment

If possible, discuss experiences of the previous week

–Understand the processes used in the main workshop –Understand process analysis and quality assessment

Identify additional “training” in supply chain assessment and

Develop action plan for project activities for the next 12 months

Field trips – gathering more information

Objective

• Get more accurate information

• Increase member confidence and commitment

Process

• Visit key parts of both supply chains

• Present the key results of the workshop

• Ask if the results seem accurate

• Discuss what further information is required

• Use process analysis

• Not essential to see everything

– be selective

– demonstrate the processes; more information gathering later

Evaluate processes and understanding

Improving understanding and processes

• Achievements of trip so far

• Other comments and requests

• Further discussion and interaction to improve understanding of:

– supply chain strategic planning – processes for planning

• Flexible

Next 12 months of the project

Thursday 4th May

• More supply chain information required?

• Implementing the action plan

1 Confirm future direction for the supply chain

2 Information on the existing supply chain

3 Compile and summarise this information

4 Analyse the information

5 What do we need to do to improve

6 Develop action plans

7 Implement and evaluate (later)

More detail on the processes

Customers

Traders etc Producers (farmers)

Key decision makers, activities and services etc

Suggestions for improvement

WOOLWORTHS COLES

Other wholesalers

Price sensitive buyers

OTHER WHOLESALERS

(supply)

GROWERS LARGE VOLUME AVERAGE QUALITY*

GROWERS SMALL VOLUME HIGH QUALITY

GROWERS LARGE VOLUME GOOD QUALITY

GROWERS

LADY FINGER

SMALL VOLUME

HIGH QUALITY*

Chain stores Independent retailers who

are high quality buyers

Map 1 Ausnana supply chains – product flows

AUSNANA WHOLESALING (Sydney)

Packing shed Packing shed

G re en

fruit

Consumers (not dealt with or differentiated directly by Ausnana)

* Note that there are some low volume/low quality suppliers in these groups

but Ausnana is not encouraging continued supply from these growers.

Packing shed

•MINI-CHAINS (PALLET BUYERS)

•MID PALLET HIGH PRICE (24-48 CARTONS)

•SINGLE SHOP (3-8 CARTONS)

MID PALLET LOW PRICE

1 Confirm future direction for the supply chain

2 Information on the existing supply chain

3 Compile and summarise this information

4 Analyse the information

5 What do we need to do to improve

6 Develop action plans

7 Implement and evaluate (later)

More detail on the processes

Rules for successful SWOT

analysis

• Be reasonable about strengths and weaknesses

• Always distinguish between where the chain is today and where the chain should be in the future

• Avoid areas where there is uncertain information

• Compare yourself/your supply chain to your

competitors

• Concentrate on the more important issues

• Do not get too complicated

• Keep it simple, avoid complexity

Communication systems Co-operative structure

• Improving information and skills

• Increasing volumes

• Geographic location, whether

• Larger volumes through the cooperative

• Commitment to the cooperative

SWOT analysis

Threats

• Severe weaknesses that

are difficult to address

• Poor access to new skills/methods

• Changing relationships within the supply chain (e.g loss of key wholesaler)

How well is the supply chain working?

Six principles of effective supply chains

• Focus on customers and consumers

• Creating and sharing value

• Getting the product right

• Effective logistics and distribution

• Effective information and communication

• Effective relationships

Record suggestions for improvement

From AFFA supply chain analysis workbook

1 Confirm future direction for the supply chain

2 Information on the existing supply chain

3 Compile and summarise this information

4 Analyse the information

5 What do we need to do to improve

6 Develop action plans

7 Implement and evaluate (later)

More detail on the processes

Step 5: Developing the new supply chain

• Examine the results from the SWOT

analysis and Six Principles

• What are the improvements

required?

• Compare these with the other

suggested improvements?

• Any other ideas for improvement

• We have used Gap analysis!

What is GAP analysis

• List the characteristics of the current supply chain

• List of the characteristics of the new supply chain

• Compare the two lists to identify the gaps

• The gaps represent areas for

improvement

Gap Analysis: step 1

Confirm your supply chain plan/objectives Then ask:

What is our supply chain like now?

Gap Analysis: step 2

Where do we want to be?

Gap Analysis

Where we want to be?

Where we are now?

Not effective

Time

Gap Analysis: step 3

How do we close the gap?

Specific practices

Strategic Gap Analysis

Where we want to be?

Where we are now?

How effective

is your supply chain

Highly effective

Not effective

Time

Product Flows Information Flows Monetary Flows

1 Confirm future direction for the supply chain

2 Information on the existing supply chain

3 Compile and summarise this information

4 Analyse the information

5 What do we need to do to improve

6 Develop action plans

7 Implement and evaluate (later)

More detail on the processes

Step 6: The action plan

1 Identify the most important actions

Then, for each action, ask:

2 What are we trying to do?

• From the list of improvements

3 How will we do it?

4 Who is responsible?

5 When will it be finished by?

6 What is the cost? (ignore for now)

7 How to evaluate its success

8 What can affect the success of this action

Concentrate on 1-4, 6 then 7

What are the most important issues?

• This is often difficult Need a good process

– Simplify the list: combine similar issues

– Group issues under the 6 principles of successful supply chains

– Number all the issues

– Give each member a coloured card

– Different colours for the three groups

– Each member record the 5 most important issues

– Record the votes against each issue with different

colour ticks – Discuss issues with low votes and different voting

patterns – Finalise list of issues in order of importance

The action plan

Extension office and Co- operative

At the start

of each season

Training days presented

No staff or expertise available

Reduce fruit disease

Remove dead wood and branches

Grower Every year Inspect trees Lack of training

Fungicide sprays

Grower During fruit

growth

Spray records

No sprays available or too expensive

where the work starts!

Step 7: Evaluate the new chain

• Ideally done at the end of the project

• Repeat this process:

– Compare the list of characteristics of:

• the current chain from this workshop, with

• the chain at the end of the project

– What has improved – What has not improved

• Why not

– New list of actions