Subject business statistics topic effects of part time job on college students’ lives in hanoi

Our research team, as students , chose the topic "Effects of part-time job on college students' lives in Hanoi" in the hopes of generating some ideas and orienting students in choosing p

Subject: Business Statistics

II Data analysis 3

1 Quantitative data 3

2 Qualitative data 9

2.1 Descriptive statistics 9

2.2 Regression model 14

III Appendix 19

I. Introduction:

In Western countries, where time is considered one of the most valuable assets of workers, the concept of "part-time" was born quite early Although it has only been around for less than a decade in Vietnam, with the globalization trend, "part-time" has become a "hot" keyword Part-time jobs was born as an effective solution for job seekers to maximize their time and earn more money People work "part-time" for a variety of reasons, including the desire to gain experience for future jobs, the desire to exchange and learn, the desire to constantly change the working environment, and the desire to renew themselves every day Therefore,, "part-time" becomes a benefit, a real hobby, not just a way to make money

In recent years, "part-time" job has begun to come to students more actively in recent years, thanks to the outstanding development of the Internet More than anyone else, "part-time" hits hard on students, not only because they always need an income to add to their monthly supply, but also because this class is always ready to work with enthusiasm and dynamism typical of youth Students are compared to "time kings", so it is also an opportunity for students

to use their free time to gain experience before entering a professional working environment Besides, if you do not have the right orientation about part-time jobs and future goals, but only focus on immediate goals, forgetting the main task of studying, you cannot balance between studying and doing part-time jobs will affect the academic results, health, lifestyle of students So, part-time jobs can be considered a "double-edged sword" The question is how do students do part-time jobs to earn extra income, have the opportunity to be close to reality, perfect their skills without being "alienated", negatively affecting their learning, practice morality and lifestyle

Our research team, as students , chose the topic "Effects of part-time job on college students' lives in Hanoi" in the hopes of generating some ideas and orienting students in choosing part- time jobs, proposing some solutions to help them balance study and part-time work, so that part- time jobs truly support students' learning and self-improvement, as a preparation for them to conquer the future

II. Data analysis:

1. Quantitative data:

a. About personal information

The

-survey showed that half of the people were sophomore with 55.8% Following that were senior and junior with approximately 15% The number of freshman accounted a small number of people in the survey with 8.696% Lastly, the graduates proportion was 2.147%

Home 53%

Rented house 37%

Stay with relatives 4%

Dorm 5% Other 1%

Accommodation

Home Rented house Stay with relatives Dorm

Other

Male 39%

Female 61%

Gender

Male Female

Year 1 9%

Year 2 56%

Year 3 19%

Year 4 14%

Year 5 2% Graduated 1% Education

Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Graduated

-The number of people working from home during the period of social distancing accounted for 52.9%, that led to the drop in pupils living in rented house or dorm with nearly 4% The number

of people still renting houses is still there when Hanoi implements social distancing with 36.96%

- From the above numbers, initially, the research team predicted that part-time jobs would be considered to have less impact on learning because many jobs take place in the online environment so students can reduce time and costs for students during pandemic period

Positive affects to study

Positive affects to study results

- The majority of people attended the survey acknowledged that having a part-time job gave them some remarkable benefits both in hard and soft skills:

 Communication skill development: 89.6%

 Time-management skill: 75.6%

 Self-understanding: 60.4%

 Social awareness raising: 58.5%

- Beside that, there were some reports showed that working part-time job effected the efficiency

of studying at school:

 Knowledge acquisition improvement: 19.5%

 Experiences from reality situations: 33.5%

 From all of the above, working a part-time job while attending university brought pupils some significant experiences in life in order to improve their skills to train their ability in handling situations

Lose motivation to study Can't keep it balance between studying and working

Unfocused on studying

No time for study

No self-study time Less time on school

Negative affects on study

Negative affects on study

- On the other hand, drawbacks from working extra job could be seen clearly:

 69.5% of the people told that their self-studying times was narrowed

 Approximately 34-45% of attendance experienced problems such as:

 No time for study

 Less time on school

 Unfocused on Studying

 Can not keep it balance between studying and working

 Beside that, there were some serious issues occurred such as losing studying motivation (15.2%) Otherwise, there were still some who didn’t get effected by it (9.8%)

c. Positive/Negative effects of part-time jobs on health:

Balancing biological clock Improving financial conditions for health Rasing awareness about health protection

Improving mental health Improving physical health

Positive effects on health

Positive effects on health

It is considering to decide which is preferable between focusing on studying or remaining balance between studying and working part-time after witnessing reports about health according to the survey

- Positive sides:

 Over a half of the people claimed that money from working part-time upgraded their living standard which leading to developing in health (52.4%) and mindset (41.5%)

 Plenty benefits could be listed out such as: Stabilize their life, improving their awareness

in health caring and exercises… Those were listed by almost 32% people attended the survey

Biological clock disorder Damaging physical health

Stress Sleep disorders

Negative effects on health

Negative effects on health

d Positive/Negative effects of part-time jobs on relationship:

Appreciate family members's hard working

Improve ourselves image Expand the relationship

Positive effects on relationship

Positive effects on relationship

- They saw that having a part-time job was the easiest way to expand their relationship which could be seen easily with 90.9% people agreed 56.7 % pupils agreed that having a job while attending university brought them many benefits included improving their image in people’s eyes, contributing more to society 67.1% students listed out that they achieved lessons about the value of money and working

Less time for other relationships Lower the quality of old relationships

Get into bad relationships Less time for family and friends

Negative effects on relationship

Negative effects on relationship Part-time works still had some sustainable drawbacks:

 Shift working consumes lots of times, especially after office hours The research depicted that 60.4% of the people got less time for their family and friends and 15.9% people claimed that they could get into bad relationships

 21.3% people said that having a part-time job lower the quality of old relationships, otherwise, there were 27.4% of people was not effected by that

- 33.33% were tutors, nearly double the number of people in cafe service, bartender (15.94%).Secondly, 25.36% of them chose to be salesman, communicators which are high communication frequency, suit for people whom demands were improving their soft skills Additionally, shipper accounted 2.17% of the attender Finally, 23.19% of the people left had others job which were almost all of them below 1% Those illustrated the diversity in job choosing of pupils on various fields with different level of affects to their life

Sum 416.57 Percentiles

- On average, about 80 people in the survey doing only one job

- The number of people doing 2 jobs at the same time is less, just above 10 people

- And only 5 people who are doing 3 jobs at the same time

AVER_STUDYTIME

- On average, each person spends about 2 hours on self-study

- Most students, even if they have part-time jobs, they still spend 1 to 4 hours on self-study, which can also explain that even if they work, it doesn't affect their studies and their average GPA that from good level or higher

- On average, students go to work about 4 hours a day

- But based on the chart, the number of people working about 2 hours a day is the highest

- The number of students working more than 6 hours a day is quite small

- Most students work part time, so their working hours are not too many, it does not affect their studies

STATISTICS

Affect_study Affect_health Affect_relationship

- Overall, the extent that work affects schooling, health, or relationships on average is rated positively

- It can also be seen that part-time jobs bring many benefits to students

- Satisfaction level is the majority at level 3 and level 4, showing a very positive influence on relationships

- Regarding the effect on health, the majority of people at level 3 are positive, but the number of people who choose level 2 is at the highest effect on health out of the 3 tables This may be the case for people who work 2 or more jobs because having to work too much is also very bad for their health

- As for the influence on learning, most of them are very positive influences at level 3 and level

4, accounting for 80% of the survey Show that part-time jobs help them study better, having a place to practice lessons in class helps them understand the lesson and study better Prove that their GPA is mostly from pretty good to majority

- In 3 graphs, it can be seen that going to work has a positive influence on learning and relationships mainly (80% are rated at 3 and 4) are highly appreciated by the students and the efficiency of going to work

a Dependent Variable: GPA

b All requested variables entered

- Dependent Variable: GPA => Average GPA during the period in university

- Independent Variables:

· work => Average working time per day

· study => Average self-study time per day

Model Summary b

Square Std Error of the Estimate

a Predictors: (Constant), Aver_time, Aver_studytime

b Dependent Variable: Aver_GPA

- R-square=0.001: Coefficient of determination Because we are running multi linear regression so R-square have some limitations

 Using Adjusted R-square

R−square= Residual ∑ of squares

Total ∑ of squares

- R-square*adjustment factor = Adjusted R-square = -0.014

The value of adjusted R-square is too small, so this model is not so good because it seems that the dependent variable mostly can not explained by 2 independent variables.

- The value of Std.Error of the Estimate is 0.91034  This value is not big

 This might be a good regression

ANOVA a  

1 Regression Residual Total

.098 111.877 111.975

a Dependent Variable: GPA

b Predictors: (Constant), work, study

- Regression sum of square: Total variation caused by regression

- Residual sum of square: Total variation causes by residual

1 value of β 1 and β 2 not equal 0.

Model Unstandardized Coefficients Standardized Coefficients t Sig 95.0% Confidence

Interval for B

Collinearity Statistics

.225 057

13.371 268 -.218

.000 789 828

2.566 -.098 -.078

3.457 128 063 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

a Dependent Variable: Aver_GPA

- Linear regression: GPA = 3.012 + 0.15study – 0.008work

On average:

 If student doesn’t have a job and self-study, his/her average GPA will be 3.012.

 When student increases his/her self-study time by 1 hour, his/her average GPA increases

Because sig β 2 = 0.828 > α=0.05 => not reject H0 => β 2 might be equal 0 and the average working time might make no sense to Average GPA.

Comment: At first, we expected that there was a positive correlation between self-study time,

working time and GPA If what we expected has enough evidence to be proved that it is right, students can look at our research and make most suitable decisions for them However, as the results which are estimated and explained by those tables above, there’s nothing at all All the estimated results are insignificant that means GPA of a student is almost unaffected by his/her self-study time or the amount of time he/she goes to work

c Dependent Variable: work

d All requested variables entered

- Dependent Variable: work => Average working time per day.

- Independent Variables:

 allowance => Average monthly allowance

 study => Average self-study time per day.

𝑴𝒐𝒅𝒆𝒍 𝒔𝒖𝒎𝒎𝒂𝒓𝒚𝒃

Square STD Error of the Estimate

a Predictors: (Constant), allowance, study

b Dependent Variable: work

- The value of Std.Error of the Estimate is 2.19390 => this value is quite big => This seems not a good regression

ANOVA a

1 Regression Residual Total

1.012 649.784 650.797

a Dependent Variable: work

b Predictors: (Constant), allowance, study

- Linear regression model: work = β0 + β1study + β 2 allowance

- Null hypothesis:

 H0: β 1 = β 2 = 0

 H1: At least 1 value of β 1 and β 2 not equal 0 Test for hypothesis by using sig (p-value) Sig = 0.9 > α=0.05 => not reject H0, there’s not enough evidence to prove that at least 1 value of β1 and β2 not equal 0.

Coefficients a

Model Unstandardized Coefficients Standardized Coefficients t Sig 95.0% Confidence

Interval for B

Collinearity Statistics

(Constant)

1 study

allowance

4.101 007 043

.481 138

8.518 049 452

.000 961 652

3.149 -.266 -.146

5.053 279 232 .996 996 1.004 1.004

a Dependent Variable: work

- Linear regression: work = 4.101 + 0.007study + 0.043allowance

On average:

 If student doesn’t spend time on self-study and has no allowance, his/her average working will be 4.101.

 When student increases his/her average self-study time per day by 1 hour, his/her average working time per day increases by 0.007 hour.

 When student’s average monthly allowance is increased by VND 1 million, his/her average working time per day increases by 0.043 hour.

- Absolute value of standardized coefficients of β 1 (0.004) is lower than that of β 2 (0.039), so the average self-study time per day has less effect on the average working time per day than the average monthly allowance.

- Test for hypothesis:

Comment: On the other hand, in the second model, average working time per day is expected to

decrease when both average monthly allowance and average self-study time per day increase However, same conclusion happened that there was no correlation among them From our perspective, this faulty maybe due to lack of proper theories when developing variables