(Tiểu luận) topic policy of social welfare for the elderly

Social welfare - Social welfare is is a national system of programs, benefits and services that help people meet the needs that are essential for the maintenance of social development cu

NATIONAL ECONOMICS UNIVERSITY

PROGRAM OF PUBLIC MANAGEMENT AND POLICY IN ENGLISH

GROUP ASSIGNMENT Subject: Introduction to Public Policy

Topic: POLICY OF SOCIAL WELFARE FOR THE ELDERLY

Lecturer : Do Thi Hai Ha, Assoc Prof Dr Class : E-PMP6

Group : 7 Members : Hoang Thi Ngoc Anh Truong Ngoc Anh Nguyen Thi Huong Giang Nguyen Viet Anh

Hanoi, September-2022

Policy of social welfare for the elderly Group 7

TABLE OF FIGURE

1 DEFINE PROBLEM

Policy of social welfare for the elderly Group 7

1.2.1 Social welfare

- Social welfare is is a national system of programs, benefits and services that help people meet the needs that are essential for the maintenance of social development (cultural, social, economic, educational and health)

- n Vietnam, Social welfare is a part of the national income of the society used tosatisfy the material and spiritual needs of the members of the society, mainly distributed in addition to income according to labor

- Social welfare includes social costs: retirement payments, social insurance benefits, student scholarships, tuition-free study expenses, medical services, rest , nursing, kindergarten, kindergarten,etc

1.2.2 The ederly

- From a medical point of view: The elderly are people in the aging stage associated with a decline in body functions

- Legally: The Law on the Elderly of Vietnam 2010 stipulates: Elderly people are

“All Vietnamese citizens aged 60 years and over”

- According to WHO: Elderly people must be 70 years or older

- Article 123 of the Labor Code stipulates: “Elderly employees are male employees over 60, female employees over 55”

1.2.3 Policy of social welfare for the elderly

- Social welfare policy is an integral part of the State's social policy in the use and management of social welfare issues Social welfare policy aims to meet and satisfy the increasingly better material and spiritual needs of all members

of society on the basis of adjusting social relations, reducing income

disparities integration between social classes and groups, gradually eliminatingthe differences between urban and rural areas, between intellectual and manual labor

- Social welfare policy for the elderly is a part of the State's social welfare policy

to form the social security system of any country with the beneficiaries of the policy being the elderly Social welfare needs to focus on the most basic and essential issues in the life of the working people, in which an important part is the life of the elderly, ensuring fairness and rationality between people economic sectors, encouraging and motivating the entire people to actively participate in the construction of a new society The constant improvement of social welfare is a realistic and vivid expression of the superior nature of the new social system

2 POLICY OF SOCIAL WELFARE FOR THE ELDERLY

2.1.1 Current situation of the elderly in Vietnam

According to the report of the General Statistics Office, the whole country has 11.5 million elderly people, accounting for about 12% of the population; including 1,918,987 people aged 80 years or older (accounting for 17% of the total number of elderly people); there are 7,294,100 elderly people living in rural areas (accounting for

41.9%); the rate of elderly people in poor households is higher than the national average; The elderly are ethnic minorities accounting for nearly 10% About 3.1 million elderly people receive monthly pensions and social insurance benefits, accounting for 27.1% of the total number of elderly people (of which 1.8 million elderly people receive pensions, accounting for 15.8% of the total number of elderly people receiving pensions, accounting for 15.8% of the total number of elderly people.number of elderly) Nearly 1.7 million elderly people receive monthly social allowances (accounting for 14.8% of the total number of elderly people), 1.4 million elderly people enjoy meritorious services (accounting for 12.3%).

According to the General Statistics Office's forecast, by 2036 the population aged 65 and over will account for about 14.17% of the total population At that time, Vietnam will enter an aging population The proportion and number of elderly people in Vietnam will increase rapidly in the coming years If countries in the world have to gothrough decades, even centuries, to transition from population aging to aging population (such as France: 115 years, Sweden: 85 years, the United States: 70 years) .) then Vietnam is forecasted that the aging population will come within the next 16-18 years Thus, Vietnam is one of the countries with the fastest population aging in the world (June 3, 2022) Although the average life expectancy of Vietnam is

73 years old, about 95% of the elderly have diseases

2.1.2 Policy situation of welfare policy for ederly in Vietnam

- The 2013 Constitution, Clause 3, Article 37 stipulates: “The elderly are respected, cared for and promoted by the state, family and society in the cause

of national construction and defense.”

Policy of social welfare for the elderly Group 7

- The 2013 Constitution, in Clause 2, Article 59, states: "The State creates equal opportunities for citizens to enjoy social welfare, promote the social security system, and adopt policies to assist the elderly, people with disabilities, the poor and people with other difficult circumstances”

- The 2009 Law on the Elderly has won the entire Chapter II regulations on care and care for the elderly

- The Labor Code has a separate section on labor The elderly show incentives and health care

- Article 41 of the Law on protection and care of people's health: "The elderly are given priority in medical examination and treatment, and are given favorable conditions to contribute to society in accordance with their health."

2.1.3 Social welfare policies for the elderly in other countries

- Many years ago, the Japanese government issued many policies that showed concern for the health of the elderly In 1963, the Social Welfare Act for the Elderly was introduced to build intensive care centers and provide regulations for home nursing staff for the elderly From 1970 to 1990, the health care system for the elderly continued to undergo three rounds of reforms with the goal of providing greater incentives In 2000, the long-term care insurance system for the elderly came into effect The Japanese government always aims

to realize a society that both ensures respect for the elderly and helps the elderly live happily and healthily In medical care, the elderly only have to pay 10% of the cost of care and treatment, the remaining 90% will be paid from social insurance money

- Nordic countries, especially Denmark, have long been known for their very good health care policies for the elderly It is no coincidence that the elderly here are likened to kings The organization of healthcare for the elderly in Denmark has been simplified in order to avoid the formation of many organizations operating in the same field and to allow the activities of related agencies to be linked As early as 1992, cities were assigned by the government

to take over the whole organization of health care for the elderly Currently, the government is also considering the possibility of giving cities full financial resources and management rights to the health care system, similar to the model that is being effectively implemented in Finland

2.2.1 Overall objectives

- Completing the social welfare policy system for the elderly to ensure the right

to enjoy social welfare of all elderly people; creating opportunities for all elderly people to have access to social benefits in all fields, focusing on improving the quality of social welfare for the elderly in health insurance and health insurance services health care, preferential allowances for people with meritorious services and other services in the direction of getting better and better

- Creating a strong change in awareness and activities in the whole society towards the implementation of social welfare policies for the elderly, taking care of the elderly in disadvantaged areas, and disadvantaged people in all areas areas: Medical care, rehabilitation, vocational training, employment,

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Policy of social welfare for the elderly Group 7

access to cultural, sports and other services Towards all elderly people to enjoybasic services on social law with high service quality suitable to socio-

economic conditions

2.2.2 Detail objectives

 About Social Insurance and Health Insurance

- Social Insurance

(1) In the period from 2022 to 2027, expand coverage and expand the subjects

participating in Social Insurance; to study and build a supplementary retirementregime and diversify the types of participation in Social Insurance Adjust

pensions and social insurance allowances according to the mechanism of

source generation and relative independence from salary policy, in the direction

of using resources from conservation and growth of the Social Insurance fund, gradually reducing the support aid from the State budget The pension is

calculated on the principle of the benefit level on the basis of the premium rate and period of payment of Social Insurance and is shared among the participants

of Social Insurance, ensuring safety and development of the Social Insurance fund; adjust pensions on the basis of cost-of-living index and economic growth,gradually improving the lives of retirees with better benefits

(2) In the period from 2027 onwards, gradually deploying the supplementary

retirement regime for the elderly Simultaneously, synchronously implement a system of solutions to ensure the social insurance fund is preserved, grow

sustainably, be proactive in the implementation of social insurance regimes

Increase the profitability from the Social Insurance fund on the basis that the fund is invested in safe and highly profitable fields; gradually reduce the

management cost of social insurance in a reasonable direction with the lowest cost

- Health Insurance

(1) To meet the target by 2020, 100% of elderly people who are sick will receive medical examination and treatment and receive care from their family, if the elderly are poor, they will receive free medical examination and treatment;

100% Lonely elderly people with no source of income are entitled to a monthlysocial allowance and free medical examination and treatment; 100% of Elderly people aged 85 and over, (in the long run, this age should be reduced to 75 and universally 65 years old) who do not have pensions and other social benefits are entitled to monthly social allowances and get free health insurance card

(2) To achieve this goal, in the coming time, it is necessary to build and perfect a system of legal documents on the elderly, including the Law on the Elderly and its guiding documents, in order to create a legal basis in the implementation of policies for the elderly While there is no document guiding the Law on the

Elderly, it is necessary to study forms and measures to expand the subjects

participating in Health Insurance as the Elderly to those who follow as relatives(father and mother) of salaried employees subject to compulsory health

insurance In the immediate future, we will adjust a number of current policies

to expand benefits for the elderly in health care and consider additional

financial sources to purchase health insurance cards for the elderly aged 70

years and older this is a very effective solution and is a basic solution, giving

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priority in expanding the subjects participating in health insurance, increasing the collection of health insurance funds; clearly define the roles, functions and tasks of the Vietnam National Committee on the Elderly in the work of coordination, management, inspection and supervision of health care activities for the elderly

- Regarding voluntary social insurance for the elderly:

In the period from 2022 to 2027, accelerate the implementation of voluntary social insurance; summarize, evaluate, learn from experience, step by step perfect the policy,more suitable for the participants, convenient in management and effective in the implementation organization In the period from 2015 onwards, research, develop and gradually expand types of voluntary insurance and organize implementation to ensure that all older people are entitled to social insurance benefits

 About social assistance

- Striving to 2027: 100% of lonely and helpless elderly people (with difficult circumstances or low income) will be entitled to a social allowance or raised in social insurance establishments issue free health insurance cards and no longerhave the elderly to live in temporary houses

- Ensure that all disabled elderly people have a stable and safe life through the state's subsidy and support policy at the same time, creating favorable opportunities for the elderly with disabilities who are still healthy to participate

in community activities, contributing to the overall development of the country

- In the immediate future, ensuring that all elderly people aged 85 and over who

do not have pensions or social insurance benefits are fully entitled to the existing social assistance and support policies, and at the same time need to adjust the level of social insurance benefits social level to ensure that they have a basic, minimum standard of living without being dependent on their descendants

- In the long run, it is necessary to ensure that all elderly people who are not only

85 and older but 65 years of age or older in low-income families have a standard of living equal to that of the community's average where the subject lives

 About the development of care services for the elderly

- The system of social services in general and the system of social services for the elderly in particular is one of the foundations to ensure the sustainable development of society, affirming human values, defining towards a good social development of a society "rich people, strong country; fair, democratic and civilized society"

- The system of social services to take care of the elderly must be suitable to the conditions of socio-economic development in each period, and must also be suitable to the process of economic growth, the level of income fluctuations, the level of the improvement of living conditions and quality of life of the population classes whose ground is the average income and standard of living

of households

Policy of social welfare for the elderly Group 7

Health - To assume the prime responsibility for, and coordinatewith the Ministry of Planning and Investment, the

Ministry of Finance and relevant ministries and branches

in, formulating plans, allocating human resources andmeans to organize the implementation of policiesnationwide ;

- Organize inspection and supervision; preliminarily,summarizing the implementation of the policy;periodically report as prescribed;

- Researching, building and operating a day care center forthe elderly Organize an integrated communicationcampaign to provide periodic health check-ups andscreening for some common diseases in the elderly.Arrange projects on health care for the elderly into annualand medium-term public investment programs andprojects of the Ministry of Health and send them to theMinistry of Planning and Investment and the Ministry ofFinance for summarization and submission to theGovernment according to the law;

- Guide the People's Committees of the provinces andcentrally-run cities to organize the implementation of theProgram

Ministry of

Finance - To be responsible for allocating funds to implementpolicies of ministries and central agencies in annual

budget estimates in accordance with the Law on StateBudget

Ministry of

-To assume the prime responsibility for, and coordinate with the Ministry of Health in, organizing the

Invalids and

Social Affairs: implementation of policies on health care for the elderly; integrate the contents of the policy into other programs

and projects on care and promotion of the role of the elderly;

- Coordinating with the Ministry of Health and related ministries and branches in establishing a nursing center with health care content in the form of socialization; build

a friendly environment for the elderly

- Coordinate with the Ministry of Health and relatedministries and branches in guiding the organization ofcultural, artistic, physical training and sports activities forthe elderly; guide and organize sports events for theelderly; build a friendly environment for the elderlyMinistry of

- Coordinate with the authorities, the Elderly Association and local mass organizations to develop policies to ensurethat they are suitable to the actual conditions of the locality, to mobilize resources and support the implementation of the policies

- According to the functions, authority and assigned tasks

to effectively perform the tasks of the Program; direct the integration of the Program's contents into the plans of ministries, branches and agencies

Policy of social welfare for the elderly Group 7

- Allocate human resources, means and funds for

implementation of policies and activities according to specific local conditions in the annual budget estimate according to the provisions of the state budget law

- Effectively integrate policies with other schemes and projects in the locality; regularly check, monitor and report

on policy implementation results as prescribed

The Central Committee of the Vietnam Fatherland Front, the Vietnam General Confederation

of Labor, the Central Committee of the Vietnam Women's Union, the Central Committee of the Vietnam Farmers' Union and other member organizations of the Front, organizations society, within the scope of its functions and tasks, participate in the organization, implementation and implementation of policies; promote propaganda and education in their organizations; participate in the development of policies and laws and supervise the implementation of health care for the elderly

 Social welfare policies in the field of social insurance: Content includes policies and services on retirement and death insurance; health care; medical examination and treatment

 Social welfare policy in the field of social incentives: Content includes policies and services for rehabilitation treatment, medical care, monthly allowance, nursing and cultural services other society

 Social welfare policies in the field of social assistance: Content includes policies and services for lonely and helpless elderly people, disabled people, poor people, and vulnerable people in social services access to basic social services and economic support

 Social welfare policy in the field of labor-employment, training and retraining; support self-employment; Labor market information, job placement advice This policy is often integrated in the social law policies mentioned above

The project is in the field of social sciences and has a wide scope of research Depending on the specific research topic, appropriate research methods can be applied.

 The project has used dialectical and historical materialism methods, abstractiontools in research, combining theory with practice, logic with history to clarify complex and diverse characteristics The richness of the elderly in Vietnam is associated with the country's socio-economic conditions over time Selectively inheriting studies published through existing domestic and foreign publications,

by systematic research method, comparative method, the topic has considered the social welfare system as follows: is a complete system consisting of many components These parts are related and interact with each other during the development of the system

 The project also used expert method and combined with the participatory method to assess opportunities and challenges (PPA method) and regularly conducted group seminars to collect opinions of experts researchers, policy makers, policy-implementing agencies and subjects on solutions to implement the future social welfare system

2.6.1 Reciprocal relationship between the elderly, family and society.

 Elderly people's relationship with their families: The feudal-style traditional multi-generational family is gradually becoming an obstacle to the young people's desire to be free While social services are not available for all ages (especially for the elderly and children), multigenerational families still play animportant role in helping the elderly to be cared for by their children and grandchildren Elderly people are still healthy, taking care of and teaching not only helps children get better, but for the elderly, this is also a need, a source of joy, and to a certain extent, it helps the elderly live Longer, more productive, healthier lives In that condition, the social structure and social policies have not yet been able to encourage the protection of the traditional family with many generations

 The relationship of the elderly with society: From a sociological point of view, the family is a cell of society, a miniature society, but not so that the elderly's relationship is limited to the elderly family relationship In fact, the elderly have great needs in communicating with friends, communities and villages and participating in political, social, physical training and sports activities social services are getting better and better Currently, not all elderly people can satisfy the above needs, even, some people are forgotten or considered as a

"burden" of society That affects the standards, social ethics, emotions and life expectancy of the Elderly Therefore, besides the traditional education of

"respect the old man, love young people”, the State must have appropriate adjustment policies to harmonize the relationship of the elderly with society

 The mutual binding between the elderly and society and family as mentioned above requires the State to have:

- Fully and comprehensively assess the impact of the development process on the individual's life, thereby finding an appropriate social structure that is easily

Policy of social welfare for the elderly Group 7

adaptable for the elderly to each individual's capacity effectively used instead

of a monotonous, dull old age

- Eliminate discrimination against the Elderly in employment, political activities and other voluntary opportunities

- Provide social services to ensure that the Elderly can improve their lives, exercise their rights and participate fully in political, social and economic activities

- Treat the Elderly as a resource, not as a burden

- Building an appropriate social environment to encourage the elderly to contribute their knowledge and skills to society

2.6.2 Relationship between stages in the life of the Elderly

This is the relationship of the Elderly individual over time, it shows the reciprocal relationship between the life span in youth and the life in old age of each Elder When studying the elderly, many scientists have found that the different stages of a person's life are closely related and interdependent: Optimal old age is an old age in which the full potential of the elderly is reached full human potential has been "realized" "Life complements the years"; an old age is prepared from a young age both physically and mentally, physiologically and psychologically, both personally and socially; an old age

in which the interests of old age have been selected and nurtured from a young age Thus, a rich, confident old age depends heavily on the very life they lived in their youth The life they lived gives meaning, value, satisfaction and a sense of inclusion toold age Because of such dependence between life stages, the state and family must pay attention to social policies in all areas of life, employment, education, training, health care, culture and sports so that each member of society can:

- Receiving and fostering a certain amount of knowledge as a prerequisite for life, capable of realizing each person's potential

- Train a career skill to create jobs, secure income for a normal life at a young age and have savings for old age

- Train a strong, healthy body, a healthy lifestyle that can adapt to life's changes

2.6.3 Intergenerational relationships:

Everyone in society has the same need to be loved, to be acknowledged and respected

by others, to exchange knowledge, experiences, opinions, and to be cared for emotionally and physically The scope of human needs is also different from person toperson, from group to person, from nation to nation

Each generation is based on the labor of many previous generations, living or dead Each generation, in turn, contributes talents and knowledge to create the "distinctive substance" of their generation In society, generations live together, forming a constantflow to the future Generation Elderly people go through many years of life with rich experiences that can help the new generation to enter life, vulnerable, tripped, overcome difficulties and obstacles, step firmly into the new generation life; The young generation brings to the society an enthusiasm, a passion for life that is difficultfor the elderly to have The unique characteristics of the generations have a positive effect on each other, which helps the elderly to be proud and feel that they are really useful to society

Derived from the intergenerational interdependence that nations need:

- Acknowledging emotional ties, the transfer, inheritance of wealth, material and spiritual values in both directions from both generations.

- Support to preserve the integrity of the family and other social units, creating richness and diversity in the family structure

- Support the Elderly in the general integration between generations, expanding Elderly care services in the community

- Encourage intergenerational solidarity

3 International experience

3.1 Experience of Developed Countries:

In fact, the Government's policy is only for very special people with very strict standards: nearly 90% of the recipients are lonely people who are about to get old, immigrants have a difficult life and work hard laborers, unmarried and helpless people, widows, orphans and children This general assistance is generally meagerly subsidized In 1980, 30% of the needs of the lonely, and 34% of the needs of households with 4 people including children going to school were subsidized Singapore has no unemployment compensation system The

philosophy of the Government is to try to make people understand that in a good society rich must pay for the poor, but Social welfare needs to be kept at the lowestlevel for those who really need it like the elderly The duty of the Government is togive opportunities to all the people so that they can get rich if they try

Although there is no network to provide social safety, in Singapore the Central Contingency Fund (CPF) has partly ensured social safety services for workers The foundation was started in 1955 under the colonial administration, but has grown and changed under the PAP administration In 1985 there were 889,600 contributors to the CPF, or about 77% of the entire workforce The central reserve fund is a necessary fund of

Government-managed, with mandatory contributions by employers and employees at

a tax rate set by the Government Contributors are allowed to stop participating in the CPF upon retirement, but must participate for a minimum of 15 years, in order to maintain the "lowest balance" to remove the obsession with poor households not becoming poorer Before retiring, CPF can only be used to pay for housing, medical bills and some insurance

CPF has proven successful, ensuring a high rate of investment in social activities, such

as housing and other Social Services, in line with production growth However, the importance of CPF as a source of financing for social investment has declined By the end of the 1970s, the government's budget surplus was more than enough for public sector development The CPF was also able to ensure that fund contributors created money savings, and this savings resulted in homes that were largely funded by the government CPF has thus been really successful in providing public housing Hospitalization payments have increased wages by 6% to subsidize medical bills, but

it is not an insurance cover and qualifies for personal protection relative to the pay andincome of the contributor Unemployment increased as a result of the 1985-1986

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crisis The government has considered allowing the unemployed to stop contributing

to the CPF so that they can live during the period of unemployment In short, with CPF the Government guarantees working people to contribute to the fund for when they retire, to ensure health care, housing, responsibility for children, from their own income and mandatory savings without necessarily burdening the Government budget

As such, the nature of the four major dimensions of Social Welfare in Singapore - health, education, housing and social security is very complex Social Welfare levels are high but gaps remain, outcomes in the area of social security are still uncertain Not all of these achievements stem from Government policy, and housing is one of Singapore's greatest achievements

3.2 Experience of developing countries:

Thailand is the country with the second highest rate of elderly population in ASEAN region with a rapid population aging rate, at less than 1% per year, while the growth rate of the elderly population is more than 3% /five The proportion of the population aged 60 and over

is projected to double from 15.7% (2015) to 35.8% (2050) Increasing life expectancy and many health problems increase the need for elderly care in the family and community The proportion of elderly people aged 80 years and older with long-term care needs will increase

by nearly five times, from 2.2% (2015) to 10.7% (2050)

Over the past six decades, Thailand's birth rate has plummeted and migration is also a major cause of limiting the parental care inherent by the descendants of the family Therefore, the Thai Government has built and developed a long-term care system with the aim of improvingthe quality and meeting the needs of elderly care in the context of the aging population in thiscountry

One is about developing a long-term aged care system

Ministries and sectors cooperate in developing a long-term elderly care system

The Thai Government does not authorize any one agency, ministry or sector to supervise the entire Development Project of the Long-Term Care system, in order to conduct the project, it must be based on coordination between many focal points Each ministry or branch is assigned to be responsible for a part of the content according to its functions and competence.Accordingly, Thailand's Elderly Act has assigned the assistance and protection of the elderly

to the Ministry of Social Development and Human Security However, it needs to coordinate with the Ministry of Public Health in running the majority of public health facilities; The Department of Home Affairs is responsible for local operating organizations for the operation, development and distribution of services locally The National Office of Health Security is responsible for community-based long-term care

Each ministry and sector plays a key role in the long-term health care system for the elderly

In addition to the above key ministries and branches, there are other ministries that play an important role in the long-term elderly care system such as the Ministry of Transport, the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Industry

Decentralization between central and local governments in building the elderly care systemThe central government issues standards for the establishment and operation of aged care facilities; professional and ethical standards for formal carers In 2009, Thailand's National

Committee on Social Welfare issued a system of standards on social welfare, including indicators and evaluation criteria for the performance of social welfare organizations, employees members and volunteers of social welfare For the delivery of aged care services, the central government decentralizes authority to local authorities, especially home-based andcommunity-based aged care services Programs and projects promoting care for the elderly are regularly monitored and evaluated in order to continuously improve and improve the quality of elderly care.

Strengthening financial support measures from the Government for elderly care

Healthcare services for the elderly are funded mainly by the health funds of central and local governments Some financial support for elderly carers (including deductions for parental care costs, deductions for insurance costs for parents), tax incentives are enhanced to encourage The private sector is more involved in aged care

Second, strengthen care for the elderly at home and in the community

Implement the volunteer program to care for the elderly

The Thai Ministry of Social Development and Human Security launched this program in

2003 to promote home and community-based care for the elderly One of the main tasks of the volunteers is to classify the elderly into two groups: dependents and non-dependents In addition, the volunteers also assist the elderly with daily tasks when needed, monitor and warn about the elderly's health, provide services and benefits for the elderly

Implement a health care program at home

In 2005, Thailand's Ministry of Public Health launched a home health care program By 2011,95.6% of local governments provided home health care This program is intended to help older people with chronic health problems or disabilities who have finished hospital treatmentbut still need care at home This program provides home health care services by a team of doctors, nurses, physiotherapists, psychologists, social development workers, and health professionals community

Organize and maintain a club for the elderly

The seniors club project aims to promote mutual help among the elderly Elderly people who are independent, able to take care of themselves and able to help elderly people who are unable to take care of themselves, have to depend on others

Support knowledge and skills for informal carers in the community

The government supports informal elderly carers by providing access to aged care knowledgeand skills, as well as providing advice related to the aged care process

Third, diversify the elderly care services at the facility

In Thailand, the elderly care service provider system is diversified with 5 main types, including: Houses for the elderly; Care facilities that support daily living activities; Nursing home; Hospital; Facility for the dying

3.3.1 In the modern and integrated world, the combination of economic growth and development with the realization of social justice, on the basis of implementing secondary distribution in an appropriate manner, mainly through the social policy and social welfare of the state, is the trend of choice of many countries in the world in the development process.