1. Scope 1.1 This specification2 covers chromium, chromiumnickel, and chromiummanganesenickel stainless steel plate, sheet, and strip for pressure vessels and for general applications including architectural, building, construction, and aesthetic applications
Trang 1Designation: A240/A240M - 23
Standard Specification for
Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate,
Sheet, and Strip for Pressure Vessels and for General
Applications’
‘This standard is issued under the fixed designation A240/A240M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval
A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S, Department of Defense
1 Scope*
1.1 This specification? covers chromium, chromium-nickel,
and chromium-manganese-nickel stainless steel plate, sheet,
and strip for pressure vessels and for general applications
including architectural, building, construction, and aesthetic
applications
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
are to be regarded separately as standard The values stated in
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
system shall be used independently of the other Combining
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
with the standard
1.3 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound and
SI units However, unless the order specifies the applicable
“M” specification designation (SI units), the material shall be
furnished in inch-pound unit:
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use
1.5 This international standard was developed in acco
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee
n is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee AOI on Steel,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.17 øn Flat-Rolled and Wrought Stainless Steel
Current edition approved March 1, 2023 Published June 2023 Originally
approved in 1940 Last previous edition approved in 2022 as A240/A240M — 22b
DOI: 10.1520/A0240_A0240M-
>For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi-
cation SA-240 in Section II of that Code,
2 Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standards:*
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
of Steel Products
A480/A480M Specification for General Requirements for
Flat-Rolled Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel Plate,
Sheet, and Strip A923 Test Methods for Detecting Detrimental Intermetallic Phase in Duplex Austenitic/Ferritic Stainless Steels A1084 Test Method for Detecting Detrimental Phases
Lean Duplex Austenitic/Ferritic Stainless Steels E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size E140 Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals Relationship
Among Brinell Hardness, Vickers Hardness, Rockwell Hardness, Superficial Hardness, Knoop Hardness, Sclero- scope Hardness, and Leeb Hardness
E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the
Unified Numbering System (UNS)
2.2 SAE Standard:*
J 1086 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS)
in
3 General Requirements 3.1 The following requirements for orders for material
furnished under this specification shall conform to the appli- cable requirements of the current edition of Specification A480/A480M
3.1.1 Definitions,
3.1.2 General requirements for delivery,
3.1.3 Ordering information, 3.1.4 Process,
*For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service @astm.org For Annual Book of ASTM Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website
* Available from SAE International (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale,
PA 15096, htp://www.sae.org
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM Intemational, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959 United States
Trang 23.1.6 Heat treatment,
3.1.7 Dimensions and permissible variations,
3.1.8 Workmanship, finish and appearance,
3.1.9 Number of tests/test methods,
-10 Specimen preparation,
-I1 Retreatment,
.12 Inspection,
-13 Rejection and rehearing,
.14 Material test report,
-15 Certification, and
-16 Packaging, marking, and loading
4 Chemical Composition
4.1 The steel shall conform to the requirements as to
chemical composition specified in Table | and shall conform to
applicable requirements specified in Specification A480/
A480M
5 Mechanical Properties
5.1 The material shall conform to the mechanical properties
specified in Table 2
shall be performed in accordance with Supplementary Require- ment S1
5.3 When specified by the purchaser, 1 % offset yield
strength shall be measured and reported in accordance with Supplementary Requirement S3
6 Materials for High-temperature Service 6.1 The austenitic H Types shall conform to an average grain size of ASTM No 7 or coarser as measured by Test
Methods E112
6.2 Supplementary Requirement S2 shall be invoked when non-H grade austenitic stainless steels are ordered for ASME Code applications for service above 1000 °F [540 °C] 6.3 Grade $31060, unless otherwise specified in the pur- chase order, shall conform to an average grain size of ASTM
No 7 or coarser, as measured by Test Methods E112
7 Keywords
7.1 architectural; building; chromium; chromium-
manganese-nickel stainless steel; chromium-nickel stainless steel; construction
Trang 3TABLE 1 Chemical Composition Requirements, %^
Austenitic (Chromium-Nickel) (Chromium-Manganese-Nickel)
1.00 max
N08367 0.030 2.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 200-220 23.5-25.5 6.0-7.0 0.18-0.25 0.75 eee
0.40 max
Al 0.15-0.60
Tỉ0.15-0.60 N08810 800H 005010 150 0045 0015 100 190-230 300-350 075 Fe 39.5 min Al 0.15-0.60
Ti 0.15-0.60
Ti! 0.25-0.60
AI"0.25-0.60 N08904 904L2 0020 200 0045 0088 100 190-230 230-280 400500 0.10 100-200
N08925 0.020 4.00 0046 0030 080 190-210 240-260 600-700 010-020 080-150
N08926 000 200 0030 0010 050 190-210 240-260 600-700 015-025 050-150
$20100 201 0.15 550-750 0.060 0.030 1.00 16.0-18.0 3.5-5.5 0.25 ee
§20103 eae 0.03 850-750 0.045 0.030 0.75 16.0-18.0 3.5-5.5 0.25
S20153 201LN° 0.03 640750 0045 0015 075 160175 40-50 0.10-0.25
S20161 015 400-600 0040 0040 300-400 150-180 40-60 0.08-0.20
S20431 0.12 500-700 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0-18.0 2.0-4.0 0.10-0.25 1.50-3.50
S20432 0.08 3.00-5.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0-18.0 4.0-6.0 0.05-0.20 2.00-3.00
20433 0.08 580-750 0045 0030 1.00 170-180 35-55 010-025 180-350 "
S20910 XMI9 006 400-600 0040 0.030 075 208-235 115-135 150-300 020-040 Nb 0.10-0.30
V0.10-0.30
$21400 XM-312 0.12 14.00-16.00 0.045 0.030 0.30-1.00 17.0-18.5 1.00 ‘sive 0.35 min wee
$21600 XM-17Y 0.08 7.50-9.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 17.5-22.0 50-70 2.00-3.00 0.25-0.50
S21603 XM-418/ 003 750-900 0045 0030 075 175220 50-70 200-300 025-050 "
S21904 XM-II 004 800-1000 0060 00380 075 190-215 58-75 0.15-0.40
S24000 XM:29' 008 1150-1450 0.060 0.030 075 170-190 23-37 0.20-0.40
§30415 0.04-0.06 0.80 0.045 0.030 1.00-200 180-1980 9.0-10.0 "¬ 0.12-0.18 Ce 0.03-0.08
W0.2-08
$30451 304N 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 18.0-20.0 8.0-10.5 0.10-0.16
S30452 XM-212 0.08 2.00 0045 0030 075 180200 80-105 0.16-0.30
S30453 304LN 0030 200 0045 0030 075 180-200 80-120 0.10-0.16
S30530 0.08 2.00 0045 0030 050-250 170205 85-115 0.75-1.50 0.75-3.50
S230616 0.020 1.50 0030 0.015 39-47 16.5-18.5 13.0-15.5 0.50 eee: 0.40 Nb 0.30-0.70
S80815 005010 080 0040 0030 140-200 200-220 100-120 0.14-0.20 Ce 0.03-0.08
$30940 309Cb® 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 220-240 12.0-16.0 Nb 10xC min, 1.10 max
S30941 309HCb2 004-010 200 0045 0030 075 220-240 120-160 Nb 10xC min, 1.10 max
S31041 310HCĐ® 004-010 200 0045 0.030 075 240-260 190-220 sói Nb 10xC min, 1.10 max
$31050 310MoLN®S 0.020 2.00 0.030 0.010 0.50 24.0-26.0 20.5-23.5 1.60-2.60 0.09-0.15 ae
$31060 0.05-0.10 1.00 0.040 0.030 0.50 22.0-24.0 10.0-12.5 Re 0.18-0.25 Ce + La
0.025-0.070
B 0.001-0.010 S81254 0.020 1.00 0030 0.010 080 195-205 175-185 60-65 018-025 050-100 "
S81266 00360 200400 0035 0020 100 230-250 210240 52-62 035-060 100-250 W 1.50-2.50
S31277 BEE 0.020 3.00 0.030 0.010 0.50 20.5-23.0 26.0-28.0 6.5-8.0 0.30-0.40 0.50-1.50 sae
$31600 316 — 008 2.00 0045 0030 075 160180 100140 200300 010
S8i603 318L 0030 200 0045 0030 075 160-180 100-140 200300 010
Trang 4
$31635 3167 008 200 0045 0030 075 160-180 100-140 200-300 010 Ti Sx(C+N) min,
0.70 max S81640 316Cb° 0.08 2.00 0045 00380 075 160-180 100-140 200300 010 Nb 10xC min, 1.10 max
$31653 31GLN 0030 200 0045 0030 075 160-180 100-140 200-300 010-016
S81685 0030 200 0045 0015 100 195-215 80-95 050-150 014-025
S31700 317 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 18.0-20.0 11.0-15.0 3.0-4.0 0.10
$31703 317L 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 18.0-20.0 110-150 3.0-4.0 0.10
S81725 317LM° 0030 200 0045 0030 075 180-200 135-175 40-50 020
S31726 SI7LMNS 0030 200 0045 0030 075 170-200 135-175 40-50 010-020
S31727 0.030 1.00 0030 0030 100 175-190 145-165 38-45 015-021
(15xC min)
0.70 max
0.70 max
$32654 0.020 200-400 0.030 0.005 0.50 240-250 21.0-23.0 7.0-8.0 0.45-0.55 0.30-0.60
Nb 0.6-1.0
AI 0.025
T10.15-0.60
S33426 0.030 1.00 0030 0.015 080-150 195-220 19.0-21.0 1.80-2.20 Sung
S33550 0.04-0.10 1.50 0.040 0.030 1.00 25.0-28.0 16.5-20.0 0.18-0.25 Nb 0.05-0.15
LasCe 0.025-0.070
$34565 , 0030 500700 0030 0.010 100 230-250 160-180 40-50 040-060 Nb 0.10
S34709 347H 0.04-0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 17.0-19.0 9.0-13.0 Nb 8xC min,1.00 max
$34751 347LN 0005-0020 2.00 0045 00380 100 170-180 90-130 0.06-0.10 Nb 0.20-0.50, 15xC min
34752 0008002 200 0095 0010 060 170-190 100-130 020120 006-012 250-350 Nb 0.20-0.50
B 0.001-0.005 NIC ratio, min 15
1.00 max Ta 0.10
Co 0.20
1.00 max
Ta 0.10
Co 0.20
835030 005-010 150 0030 0.015 05-20 185-225 225-275 005-015 25-36 Nb: 0.25-0.75
Ti 0.15-0.60
935115 0.030 1.00 0.045 0.015 0.50-150 230-250 190-220 1.50-250 0.20-0.30 wie'e
35140 010 100-300 0045 0.030 078 200-220 250-270 100-200 0.08-0.20 Nb 0.25-0.75
938815 0.030 2.00 0040 0.020 5.50-6.50 13.0-15.0 15.0-17.0 0.75-1.50 AI 0.30
Duplex (Austenitio-Ferritc)
337200 0030 2,00 0045 00380 100 240260 55-65 120-200 014020
S82001 0030 400-600 0040 0030 100 195-215 100300 0.60 005-017
S32003 0.030 2.00 0.030 0.020 1.00 19.5-22.5 3.0-4.0 1.50-2.00 0.14-0.20 xi
$32101 0.040 400-600 0.040 0.030 1,00 210-220 1.35-1.70 0.10-0.80 0.20-0.25 0.10-0.80
S82304 23042 0030 250 0040 00380 100 215-245 3055 005-060 005-020 005060 sói
$32550 255° 0.04 1.50 0.040 0.030 1.00 24.0-27.0 4.5-6.5 29-3.9 0.10-0.25 1.50-2.50
Trang 5
TABLE 1 Continued
S82780X — 0.030 100 0030 0.010 100 240290 60-80 3040 020-030 050-100 W0.50-1,00
S32808 0.030 1.10 0.030 0.010 0.50 270-279 7.0-8.2 0.80-1.2 0.30-0.40 * W2.10-2.50 S32900 0.08 1.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 23.0-280 2.0-5.00 1.00-2.00 tụ
S32906 0030 080150 0030 0030 080 280300 58-75 150-260 030040 0.80
39274 0030 1.00 0030 0020 080 240260 6080 25-35 024032 020-080 W 1.50-2.50 81921 0030 200-400 0040 0.030 100 190-220 20-40 100-200 014-020 " 1
S82011 Ô 0080 200-300 0040 0020 100 208-235 10-20 010-100 015-027 050
S82012 005 200-400 0040 0005 080 190-205 08-15 010-060 016-026 100
S82013 0080 250-350 0040 0030 090 198220 05-15 — 020-030 020-120
S82031 0.05 2.50 0.040 0.005 0.80 19.0-22.0 2.0-4.0 0.60-1.40 0.14-0.24 1.00
S8244i 0030 250-400 0035 0005 070 230-250 30-45 100-200 020-030 010-080
Ferritic or Martensitic (Chromium)
$32803 see 0.015 0.50 0.020 0.0035 0.55 28.0-29.0 3.0-4.0 1.80-2.50 0.020 m Nb 12x(C+N) min,
S40900" 409"
$40910 re 0.030 1.00 0.040 0.020 1.00 10.5-11.7 0.50 sia 0.030 art Ti 6x(C+N) min,
0.50 max; Nb 0.17
Tỉ 0.16-0.50; Nb 0.10 S40930 0.030 100 0.040 0020 100 105-11.7 0.50 " 0.030 cee (TRNb) [0.08+8x(C+N)]
min, 0.75 max;
Tï 005 min
Ti 0.05-0.20
s40975 0030 1.00 0.040 00380 100 105-117 050-100 0.030 " Tỉ 6x(C+N) min,
0.75 max
41045 0.030 1.00 0040 0.030 100 120-130 080 ss 0.030 Nb 9x(C+N) min, 0.60 max
$41500" sung 0.05 050-100 0.030 0.030 0.60 11.8-14.0 35-55 0.50-1.00
842200 422 020-025 050-100 0025 0025 080 110-125 050-100 090-125 a V 0,20-0.30,
W 0.90-1.25 S42900 429° 0.12 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 14.0-16.0 $6
S43038 438 0030 1.00 0040 00380 100 170-190 080 aaa 0.030 Tif0.20+4(C+N)] min,
1.10 max; AI 0.15
S43400 434 0.12 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 16.0-18.0 2â 0.75-1.25 se ies ele
$43600 436 — 012 4.00 0040 0080 100 160-180 078125 _ Nb§x© min, 0.80 max S43932 0030 4.00 0040 00380 100 170-190 080 " 0.030 LL) (TRNB)[0/2044(C+N)]
min, 0.75 max; Al 0.15
S43940 wee 0.030 1.00 0.040 0.015 1.00 17.5-18.5 sais tá so a Ti 0.10-0.60 Nb
[0.90+(3xC)] min
Nb [0.3+(9xC)] min,
0.90 max
844330 0025 1.00 0040 0080 100 200-230 " 0025 0.30-080 (T-Nb)8x(C+N) mỉ,
0.80 max
S44400 444 0.025 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 17.5-19.5 1.00 1.758-2.50 0.035 (Ti+Nb)[0.20+4(C+N)]
min, 0.80 max
$4450 0.020 1.00 0040 0.012 1.00 190-210 0.60 sử? 003 — 030-060 Nb10x(C+N)min,
0.80 max
Ti 0.03-0.20 AI0.80 S44536 — 0018 1.00 0040 0030 1.00 200-230 05 ‘i 0018 (Nb) 8X(O+N)-08,
Nb min 0.05
Trang 6
W 1.0-3.0
Nb 0.2-1.0
Ti 0.02-0.20
La 0.04-0.20
44626 XM-33/ 0.06 0.75 0040 0020 075 280270 050 075-150 004 0:20 Ti 0.20-1.00;
Ti7(C+N) min
844627 XM-27/ 0.010" 040 0020 0020 040 250275 050 O75-1.50 0.015" 0.20 Nb 0.05-0.20
(Ni+Cu) 0.50 S44es5 0025 4.00 0.040 0080 075 245260 35-45 35-45 0.095 (Ti#ND) [0.2044 (C+N)]
min, 0.80 max
44680 — 0030 100 0040 0030 100 250280 1035 3040 0040 : TitNb 6x(C+N) min (Ti#Nb) 0.20-1.00,
S44735 0030 4.00 0040 0030 100 280-300 100 3642 0045 " (TitNb) 0.20-1.00,
(TNb) 6x(C+N) min
S44800 iat 0.010 0.30 0.025 0.020 0.20 28.0-30.0 2.00-250 3.5-4.2 0.020 0.15 (C+N) 0.025 S46800 eae 0.030 1.00 0040 0.030 1.00 18.0-20.0 0.50 ee 0.030 XS Ti 0.07-0.30
Nb 0.10-0.60
(Ti+Nb) [0.20+4 (C+N)] min, 0.80 max
4 Maximum, unless range or minimum is indicated Where ellipses ( .) appear in this table, there is no requirement and the element need not be determined or reported
® Designation established in accordance with Practice E527 and SAE J 1086
© Unless otherwise indicated, a grade designation originally assigned by the American Iron and Stee! Institute (AISI)
© Carbon analysis shall be reported to nearest 0.01 % except for the low-carbon types, which shall be reported to nearest 0.001 %
£ The terms columbium (Cb) and niobium (Nb) both refer to the same element
When two minimums or two maximums are listed for a single type, as in the case of both a value from a formula and an absolute value, the higher minimum or lower maximum shall apply
Common name, not a trademark, widely used, not associated with any one producer
Iron shall be determined arithmetically by difference of 100 minus the sum of the other specified elements
‘(Al + Ti) 0.85-1.20
“Naming system developed and applied by ASTM
* Cr +33 (Mo + % W) +16 N= 41 min,
+ S40900 (Type 409) has been replaced by $40910, $40920, and $40930 Unless otherwise specified in the ordering information, an order specifying $40900 or Type 409 shall be satisfied by any one of S40910, S40920, or 340930 at the option of the seller Material meeting the requirements of $40910, S40920, or $40930, may at the option
of the manufacturer be certified as S40900
™ Plate version of CA-6NM
Product (check or verification) analysis tolerance over the maximum limit for C and N in XM-27 shall be 0.002 %
2Cr + 3.3 Mo + 16 N = 41 mịn
Trang 7TABLE 2 Mechanical Test Requirements
Tensile Strength, min Yield Strength,® min Elongation Hardness, max
min, %
Austenitic (Chromium-Nickel) (Chromium-Manganese-Nickel)
N08367
921603 XM-18”
Trang 8
Tensile Strength, min Yield Strength,® min _— Hardness, max?
31254
[3 mm]
t> 0.12 in, [3 mm] 69 475 25 170 35 217 95 HRBW not required
S35135
‘Duplex (Austenitic-Ferrtic)
Trang 9
TABLE 2 Continued
Tensile Strength, min Yield Strength,® min _— Hardness, max?
t= 0.187 in 100 690 70 485 25 293 31 HRC not required
[6.00 mm]
[5.00 mm]
[6.00 mm]
{5.00 mm]
t<04 in [10.0 mm]
[10.0 mm]
t= 0.187 in
5.00 mm]
[5.00 mm]
5.00 mm]
t <0.187 in [6.00 mm} 102 700 73 500 35 31 HRC not required
[5.00 mm]
{6.00 mm]
[3.00 mm]
[3.00 mm]
mm]
mm] Farritic or Martensitic (Chromium)
S40920 S40930 55 55 380 380 25 25 170 170 20 20 179 179 88 HRBW 88 HRBW 180 180
Trang 10
Tensile Strength, min Yield Strength,® min _— Hardness, max?
min, %
S44535 58 400 36 250 25° eet 90° HRBW: not required
4 Unless otherwise indicated, a grade designation originally assigned by the American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI)
® Yield strength shall be determined by the offset method at 0.2 % in accordance with Test Methods and Definitions A370 Unless otherwise specified (see Specification A480/A480M, 4.1.11, Ordering Information), an alternative method of determining yield strength may be based on total extension under load of 0.5 %
“Either Brinell or denoted Rockwell Hardness scale is permissible For thin materials, see Specification A480/A480M (17.2.1) and Test Methods A370 (18.1.2) on superficial testing
© Bend tests are not required for chromium steels (ferritic or martensitic) thicker than 1 in [25 mm] or for any austenitic or duplex (austenitic-ferritic) stainless steels regardless of thickness
© Elongation for thickness, less than 0.015 in (0.38 mm] shall be 20 % minimum, in 1 in [25.4 mm]
* Common name, not a trademark, widely used, not associated with any one producer
& Yield strength requirements shall not apply to material under 0.020 in [0.50 mm] in thickness
4'Not applicable for thicknesses under 0.010 in [0.25 mm]
' Type 201 is generally produced with a chemical composition balanced for rich side (Type 201-1) or lean side (Type 201-2) austenite stability depending on the properties required for specific applications,
“Naming system developed and applied by ASTM
* For $32615, the grain size as determined in accordance with the Test Methods E112, Comparison Method, Plate II, shall be No 3 or finer
“ Prior to Specification A240 — 89b, the tensile value for 32950 was 90 ksi
#840900 (Type 409) has been replaced by $40910, 40920, and S40930 Unless otherwise specified in the ordering information, an order specifying 40900 or Type
409 shall be satisfied by any one of $40910, $40920, or $40930 at the option of the seller Material meeting the requirements of $40910, $40920, or $40930, may at the option of the manutacturer be certified as $40900
‘Material 0.050 in [1.27 mm] and under in thickness shall have a minimum elongation of 20 %
© Hardness is required to be provided for information only, but is not required to meet a particular requirement
” The minimum elongation for plates thicker than 0.630 in, [16 mm] shall be 8 %
© Maximum Type 420 is usually used in the heat-treated condition (quenched and tempered to a specific range of hardness or tensile strength)
* Hardness conversion tables for superduplex stainless steels do not exist in ASTM E140, The conversion value from HBW to HRC has been added to maintain consistency with other ASTM standards for these superduplex stainless steels.