Survey findings of goat production in Ninh Thuan, Binh Thuan and Lam Dong at the second year implementing card project doc

Survey findings of goat production in Ninh Thuan, Binh Thuan and Lam Dong at the second year implementing CARD project VIE 009 1.. Name of interviewed goat farms List of interviewed f

Survey findings of goat production in Ninh Thuan,

Binh Thuan and Lam Dong at the second year implementing

CARD project (VIE 009)

1 Introduction

An interim survey of both participating and “other” farmers in the Vietnam-Australia Goat Improvement Project was carried out in November 2007 immediately prior to the other activities of weighing and recording in late November-December 2007 This information will be analysed and interpreted in relation to the earlier survey and the final survey to be conducted in June 2008 The survey results presented below are additional to that planned in the Schedule of Activities

2 Methodologies

The methology used was the same as that described for previous surveys in this project

3 Findings

3.1 Name of interviewed goat farms

List of interviewed farms

Interviewed farmers inside

of the project Interviewed farmers outside of the project Name of farmer (Village, Commune, District) Address Name of farmer (Village, Commune, District) Address

NINH THUAN

1 Nguyen Huu Duc An Xuan, Xuan Hai, Ninh Hai Thai Van Son An Hoa, Xuan Hai, Ninh Hai

2 Su Khac Thanh An Xuan, Xuan Hai, Ninh Hai Nguyen Ngoc Truc An Hoa, Xuan Hai, Ninh Hai

3 Chamalea Lan Barau, Loi Hai, Thuan Bac Khong Minh Tan An Xuan, Xuan Hai, Ninh Hai

4 Jack Sinh Barau, Loi Hai, Thuan Bac Nguyen Thi Biet An Hoa, Xuan Hai, Ninh Hai

5 Tran Tuan Hai Suoi Gieng, Cong Hai, Thuan Bac Huynh Tho An Hoa, Xuan Hai, Ninh Hai

6 Dang Ngoc Trieu Suoi Gieng, Cong Hai, Thuan Bac Thai Ba Trung An Xuan, Xuan Hai, Ninh Hai

7 Le Van Hoa Suoi Gieng, Cong Hai, Thuan Bac Nguyen Thi Phuong My An Dat, Loi Hai, Thuan Bac

8 Nong Quoc Hung Suoi Gieng, Cong Hai, Thuan Bac Duong Ninh An Dat, Loi Hai, Thuan Bac

9 Truong Long Phuoc Dan, Ninh Phuoc Dang Ngoc Tran Hiep Kiet, Cong Hai, Thuan Bac

10 Le Thi Tam Phuoc Huu, Ninh Phuoc Nguyen Van Sang Suoi Gieng, Cong Hai, Thuan Bac

11 Ho Trung Hieu Phuoc Huu, Ninh Phuoc Tran Dinh Ha Suoi Gieng, Cong Hai, Thuan Bac

12 Tran Dang Me Tay Co Phuoc Huu, Ninh Phuoc Nguyen Van Hung Thanh Son, Khanh Hai, Ninh Hai

BINH THUAN

1 Nguyen Van Chinh Binh Son, Binh Tan, Bac Binh Phan Van Hai Phu Thai, Ham Tri, Ham Thuan Bac

2 Tran Man Binh Nghia, Binh Tan, Bac Binh Phan Truc Lam Phu Thai, Ham Tri, Ham Thuan Bac

3 Tran Xuan Lang Binh Son, Binh Tan, Bac Binh Mai Hoang Diep Phu Thai, Ham Tri, Ham Thuan Bac

4 Nguyen Van Hieu Phu Thai, Ham Tri, H.T Bac Phan Van Dong Thai Hoa, Hong Thai, Bac Binh

5 Dang Minh Thanh Phu Hoa, Ham Tri, H.T Bac Nguyen Van Linh Thai Hoa, Hong Thai, Bac Binh

6 Tran Kim Long Vinh Son Vinh Hao Tuy Phong Nguyen Van Thanh Thai Hoa, Hong Thai, Bac Binh

7 Tran Tan Tai Vinh Son Vinh Hao Tuy Phong Vo Dao Xom 1 Phuoc The Tuy Phong

8 Ngo Van Hoa Thon 1 Phuoc The Tuy Phong Vo Le Thon 1 Phuoc The Tuy Phong

9 Nguyen Ngoc Lam Vinh Son Vinh Hao Tuy Phong Tran Van Thau Vinh Son Vinh Hao Tuy Phong

10 Ta Tu Vinh Son Vinh Hao Tuy Phong Nguyen Ngoc Tru Vinh Son Vinh Hao Tuy Phong

LAM DONG

1 Hoang Xuan Lung Soop, Da Loan, Duc Trong Ya Bi ang Da Loan, Duc Trong

2 Nguyen Van Cuong Ta Nhien, Ta Nang, Duc Trong Ya Thao Ta Nang, Duc Trong

3 Bunai No 5, Ta Nang, Duc Trong Ya Ba Ta Nang, Duc Trong

3.1 Physical, financial and social status of interviewed goat farms

Table1 Physical, financial and social status of interviewed goat farms

Interviewed farmers inside of project

Interviewed farmers Outside of project Criterion

Ninh Thuan Thuan Binh Dong Lam Thuan Ninh Thuan Binh Lam Dong

4 Wealth ranking

Percentage of medium farms, % 73 89 33 100 100 40

5 Member in the family

Table 2 Food situation used and hiring the labors in interviewed farmers

Interviewed farmers inside

of the project

Interviewed farmers outside

of the project

Thuan Thuan Binh Dong Lam Thuan Ninh Thuan Binh Dong Lam

1 Foods security Per year (%)

Have to buy rice for 3 months 16.7 30.0 - 29.4 10.0 28.6

2 Hired labors, % of farms/year

4 Beef consumption of farms (meat)

5 Goat meat consumption of farms

8 Chicken meat consumption of farms

10 Average money spent for buying food

in family, VND/month 1 434 000 1 317 750 1 140 000 1 562 000 1 080 000 706 000

3.2 Farming system in provinces

Table 3 Land area (m2) and yield (kg/cultivated land) of crops and forages (kg/ha)

Interviewed farmers inside

of the project Interviewed farmers outside of the project Cretirion

Ninh Thuan Binh Thuan Lam Dong Ninh Thuan Binh Thuan Lam Dong

Farming system in provinces

Plant papaya in Mr Thanh’s farm in Binh

Thuan Raising goat and custard – apple plants , forages in Mr Lam’s farm in Binh Thuan

Plant dragon fruit in Binh Thuan Raising cattle in Mr Chinh’s farm in Binh Thuan

Plant guava and forages in Mr Long farm’s in

Ninh Thuan

Raising goat + castle in Ninh Thuan

Plant forage and papaya in Mrs Tam’s farm in

Plant coffee in Mr Cuong’s farm in Lam Dong Raising goat + castle in Lam Dong

Plant forages and raising goat in Mrs Lung’s farm in Lam Dong

3.3 Income and Expenditure sources of interviewed farms

Table 4 Income and Expenditure sources of interviewed farms

Interviewed farmers inside Interviewed farmers outside

of the project of the project Criterion Thuan Ninh Thuan Binh Dong Lam Thuan Ninh Thuan Binh Dong Lam

Income from: (million VND/year)

The animal manure, mill VND/year 0.9 0.9 0.0 1.1 0.8 0.0

Other sources out of agriculture, mill VND/year 11.5 7.1 6.2 12.7 2.8 5.6

Cultivation rate/total income, (%) 39.5 59.5 77.4 39.5 50.4 40.9

Livestock rate/total income, (%) 26.9 29.2 18.6 24.5 41.6 56.0

Income from goats/agricultural income, % 27.7 13.1 8.9 27.8 27.5 0.5

Income from goats/livestock income, % 65.7 39.1 45.8 69.1 59.4 0.9

Expenses for: (million VND/year)

The Fruit/coffee trees, mill VND/year 2.5 5.3 41.7 0.1 2.7 19.8

Other sources out of agriculture, mill VND/year 4.3 7.2 18.5 7.0 6.8 11.8

Cultivation rate/total expenses, (%) 33.9 52.1 72.1 40.3 37.5 20.9 Livestock rate/total expenses, (%) 44.7 25.6 7.0 29.9 38.4 70.5

3.3 Goat production status of interviewed goat farms

3.3.1 Goat herd structure of interviewed farms

Herd structure Name of farms

Breed Does,

Head

Bulls, Head

Head

Interviewed farmers outside of the project Ninh Thuan

Binh Thuan

Interviewed farmers inside of the project NINH THUAN

LAM DONG

Table 5 Average goat herd structure at interviewed provinces

Interviewed farmers inside

Recycling for production

Sold for meat getting cash (%) 17.9 21.6 28.3 10.8 18.7 15.3

Bought for herd increasing, Head 0.2 0.9 0.0 0.0 0.9 0.0

Table 7 Performance of goats at interviewed farms

Interviewed farmers inside of the

Body weight of 9 month (kg) 19.5 20.2 18.3 17.5 18 14.9

2 Mortality after born/total kid born %

Table 8 Incomes and expenses from goat raising calculated according to herd size

Interviewed farmers inside of the

Binh Thuan

Lam Dong

Ninh Thuan

Binh Thuan

Lam Dong

Herd size <50 heads

Income from (million VND)

Feed supple./total expenses (%) 18.5 23.1 27.3 8.9 0.0 0.0

Herd size from 50 - 80 heads

Income from (million VND)

Herd size > 80 heads

Income from (million VND)

Average for herd size

Income from (million VND)

Expenses for (million VND)

3.4 Feed resources and feeding system for goats at interviewed farms

Table 9 Feeds and feeding system for ruminants raising in interviewed farms

Interviewed farmers inside Interviewed farmers outside

of the project of the project Criterion

Ninh Thuan Thuan Binh Dong Lam Thuan Ninh Thuan Binh Dong Lam

No supplementing for goats 16.7 10 33 58.8 60 71.4

Forage (%/total forage intake, DM) 63.0 65.0 58.0 10.0 5.0 8.0 Concentrates, rice bran, Cassava roots,

maize (%/total forage intake, DM) 5.0 6.0 5.2 0.0 0.0 0.0

N 0 of farms making legume hay (%) 83.3 50.0 66.7 0.0 0.0 0.0

N 0 of farms making grass hay (%) 75.0 62.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

.3.5 Housing and veterinary services

Well clearning in goat house of Mr Cuong, Lam

Dong

Dirty floor

Collected goat manure for selling

Table 9 Infection and death of goat by diseases*

Interviewed farmers inside

of the project

Interviewed farmers outside

of the project Criterion Ninh Thuan Binh Thuan Ninh Thuan Binh Thuan Ninh Thuan Binh Thuan

1.3 Treatment by Help by Vet, use medicine oil, ginger juice,

Doeneo-tylo Vinager, galic, troca

Help by Vet, use medicine oil, ginger juice, Doeneo-tylo Vinager, galic,

2.2 Young animal

Goat infected/interview total herd % 6.5 7.0 3.9 15.7 14.9 15.6

2.3 Treatment by Using mlocal medicine leaves, using

3.2 Young animal

3.3 Treatment by Help from the vet; using vaccine help from the vet; no using vaccine

4.2 Young animal

4.3 Treatment by Help from the vet; using vaccine help from the vet; no using vaccine

5.2 Young animal

Goat infected/interview total herd % 6.3 5.1 8.5 18.7 6.5 18.3

5.3 Treatment by

Lemon juice cleaning; Permanganate cleaning; Using: human medicine; Drip directly with Penicillin; Using: Penicillin + Streptomycin

Lemon juice cleaning, Permanganate cleaning; Penicillin; Penicillin + Streptomycin

6 Pneumonia

6.2 Young animal

6.3 Treatment by Help from the vet; use Penicillin + step;

7.2 Young animal

7.3 Treatment by

Using: salt for cleaning; using: eye drop;

Using: human medicine; Drip directly with Penicillin; Using: eyewash

Drop NaCL 01% or Penicillin

8.2 Young animal

8.3 Treatment by Help from the vet; Using: Ivermectin;

Dovenic Help from the vet; Using: Ivermectin; Dovenic

8.2 Young animal

8.4 Treatment by Salt cleaning, cover by blue metylen, using

Goat infected/interview total herd % 0.6 1.2 0.0 11.3 10.3 0.0

9.2 Young animal

9.3 Treatment by Help from, project, the vet; using vaccine Traditional ways but no efficiency

10.2 Young animal

Goat infected/interview total herd % 0.4 4.0 2.6 10.5 12.8 14.5

10.3 Treatment by Use mash; Glucose injection Concentrate supplementation, inject Glucose when too sick

Enterotoxaemia Vaccine Vaccine Vaccine No Vaccine No Vaccine No Vaccine

Pasteurellosis Vaccine Vaccine Vaccine No Vaccine No Vaccine No Vaccine Goat Pox Vaccine Vaccine Vaccine No Vaccine No Vaccine No Vaccine

4 Conclusions

Recommendations for action on individual farms

(November 2007)

Ninh Thuan (Thuan Bac)

Farm 22 – Mr Le Van Hoa

This farm was visited late in the afternoon, and it was too dark and also raining, and there was not

a proper opportunity to discuss his management and inspect his pastures Despite previous advice offered by Dr Norton, Mr Hoa was given a Boer buck imported from BAVI for breeding, and the data collected on goat productivity will be diminished by this action When asked, he was convinced that the kids from this buck were better than the kids born earlier, even though his previous kids were also from a Boer buck, albeit, poor breeding background As commented in the last report, if they are larger kids growing better, then it is will be difficult to separate the effects

of this breed from better nutrition and health of the does, and the hybrid effect which often follows the introduction of a new breed It had been agreed at the beginning of the project that only Bachthao bucks would be used in the first two years for breeding, but this agreement has now been broken, not just on this farm, but on other farms where Dr Binh bowed to pressure to bring in new breeds However, apparently Mr Hoa has developed some excellent pastures, and his services are being sought around the district to help establish new pastures (grasses and legumes) for goats There are no further inputs required here for pasture development, areas are expanding under Mr Hoa’s initiative Dr Binh and Dr Mui have chosen this farm as a demonstration farm for Thuan Bac in Ninh Thuan

Boer buck from GRRC at Bavi Ruzi grass (B ruzizensis) is useful on many farms

The productivity data is incomplete, no records of sires and dams, new kids not ear-tagged, no record of weight and number of new buck and this data must corrected at the next weighing in

December 2007

Farm 21 – Mr Nong Quoc Hung

Again, visited Mr Hung after dark and when raining, so not a good opportunity to evaluate progress He has previously purchased a Saanen buck and doe to improve milk production, but these have proved to be of little value The project offered to give him a Bachthao buck in April as

a replacement, but again Dr Binh gave him another Saanen buck from GRRC as a replacement The same comments can be made about this decision as for the Boer buck given to Mr Hoa, there

is little point in providing a milking breed for these farmers when their ability to raise even local goats in not very good This data will also be difficult to interpret in relation to other data collected

on Bachthao breed, and should not be included in the general analysis It is again that a specific agreement between Australian and Vietnamese management has been broken without consultation

by Dr Binh No further inputs for pasture development are required, area expanding under this farmers management Some Leucaena leaves have been dried for feeding but not enough to last until the end of the dry season

New Saanen buck appears in poor condition Dried Leucaena leaf being stored inside house

There appears to be no productivity data entered for September 2007, some male goats are recorded but have no ear-tags, kids are recorded but have no ear-tags, no records of sire and dams,

no record of weight and number of new buck This standard of recording is not sufficient to make sense of any production data, and the staff will be encouraged to recover the above data and put ear-tags in every goat This was part of the contract with farmers, we given them resources and they allow us to ear-tag and measure their goats

Farm 23 - Mr Tran Tuan Hai

This farmer continues to struggle with the management of his pastures and goats due partly to sickness in the family which limits his available labour The Project provided some fencing wire to prevent cattle grazing out the planted pastures, and this has been partly successful The area planted to pastures floods during the wet season, limiting plant growth However, closer inspection

of the pastures showed that Stylo, Leucaena and some grasses were well established amongst the weeds, and weeding, seed collection and re-sowing will provide significant feed for these goats in the forth-coming dry season No further inputs of pasture seed are recommended for this farm until the farmer shows some better management of the pastures now present There have been waves of death in his goat herd (since September), we suspect due to mis-management Mr Tai is often away from the farms for days at a time attending to his sick son, and left goat management to local relatives/neighbours It is likely that pregnant does and their kids died of starvation when kept in the goat house for long periods with little or no feed The project offered him money to pay labour to better look after these goats, but not sure whether offer will be accepted It is recommended that the project continue to provide vaccinations but no further pasture inputs until management improves

Stylo and grasses are growing amongst the weeds Mr Hai with new buck (November 2007)

The production records are also incomplete, no records of sires and dams, weight or number of new buck, there are goats without numbers and without eartags, all deficiencies must be corrected

at next measurements