COMPARISON OF THE PATHOTYPES AND VIROTYPES OF PATHOGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI IN DISEASED PIGS IN VIETNAM AND QUEBEC, CANADA Thuy, N.. coli isolates from diseased pigs in two geographically
Trang 1COMPARISON OF THE PATHOTYPES AND VIROTYPES OF PATHOGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI
IN DISEASED PIGS IN VIETNAM AND QUEBEC, CANADA
Thuy, N Do1; Darren J Trott2, Éric Nadeau3, Clarisse Desautels4, and John M Fairbrother4
1
National Institute of Veterinary Research, Viet Nam, 2 The University of Adelaide, SA 5055, Australia
3 Prevtec microbia Inc, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada 4
Reference laboratory for E coli, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Canada
Introduction
Diseases caused by E coli have been a recognised problem for as long as pigs have been raised Different categories of E
coli have been associated with diarrhoeal disease in animals worldwide with enterotoxigenic E coli (ETEC) and Shiga
toxin-producing E coli (STEC) being the most common (DebRoy & Maddox, 2001) The objective of this study was to
compare the distribution of virotypes of pathogenic E coli isolates from diseased pigs in two geographically distinct
countries, Vietnam and Canada
Materials and Methods
E coli isolates obtained from diseased pigs (diarrhea, sudden death or edema disease) in 2007 and submitted to the NIVR in
Vietnam or the FMV in Québec, Canada, were initially tested by PCR for the presence of defining genes of ETEC and
STEC pathotypes They were then virotyped by colony hybridisation (Ngeleka et al., 2002) for detection of the presence of
20 virulence genes most commonly found in animal pathogenic E coli
Results
Table 1: Virotypes of ETEC-STEC isolates
ETEC-STEC pathotype
Number of isolates Virotype
Vietnam Québec ETEC-STEC F18
LT:STa:Stx2:Paa:F18 13 0
Table 2: Virotypes of STEC isolates
STEC pathotype
Number of isolates Virotype
Vietnam Québec STEC F18
Stx2:Paa:AIDA:F18 4 2
Trang 2Table 3: Virotype of ETEC isolates
ETEC pathotype
Number of strains Virotype
Vietnam Québec ETEC F4
ETEC F18
ETEC F5-F41
Other
Discussion
Our results demonstrate that the most important pathotypes associated with diarrhea, ETEC F4, ETEC F18, and ETEC F5, and edema disease, STEC F18, are present in both countries On the other hand, typing using additional virulence genes permitted further discrimination of the isolates, which demonstrated that distinct virotypes predominate in each country Interestingly, the ETEC-STEC F18 pathotype, was very frequently observed in Vietnam, but was not identified in isolates from Quebec Thus, virotyping is a valuable tool for monitoring the geographical distribution of virotypes worldwide and the emergence of new pathogenic variants We are presently setting up a database for the global surveillance of animal
pathogenic E coli
References
DebRoy, C & Maddox, C W (2001) Animal Health Research Reviews 2, 129-140
Ngeleka M, Brereton L, Brown G, Fairbrother JM 2002 Avian Dis 46:143-152
Trang 3COMPARISON OF THE ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE OF PATHOGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI
IN DISEASED PIGS IN VIETNAM AND QUEBEC, CANADA
Thuy, N Do1; Darren J Trott2, Éric Nadeau3, Clarisse Desautels4, and John M Fairbrother4
1
National Institute of Veterinary Research, Viet Nam, 2 The University of Adelaide, SA 5055, Australia
3 Prevtec microbia Inc, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada 4
Reference laboratory for E coli, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Canada
Introduction
Escherichia coli is an important cause of a wide range of
diseases in production animals and humans worldwide,
including pigs In certain cases, animals are a reservoir of
infection for humans, either by direct contact,
contamination of the environment, or via contaminated
food The objective of this study was to compare the
distribution of antimicrobial resistance of pathogenic E
coli isolates from diseased pigs in two geographically
distinct countries, Vietnam and Canada, with differing
antimicrobial use
Materials and Methods
E coli isolates obtained from diseased pigs (diarrhea,
sudden death or edema disease) in 2007 and submitted to
the NIVR in Vietnam or the FMV in Québec, Canada,
were initially tested by PCR for the presence of defining
genes of ETEC and STEC pathotypes They were then
virotyped by colony hybridisation (Ngeleka et al., 2002)
for detection of the presence of 20 virulence genes most
commonly found in animal pathogenic E coli The
isolates were examined by the disk diffusion test to
identify antimicrobial resistance
Results
Table 1: Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in
pathogenic E coli isolates
% of resistance Antimicrobial
Ceftiofur 5 0
Neomycin 23 18
Figure 1: Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in
porcine pathogenic E coli isolates from Vietnam and
Canada
Discussion
The antimicrobial resistance profiles generated can be considered to be representative of each geographical region Some interesting similarities and differences were demonstrated between the two data sets Overall, very high rates of resistance were found to tetracycline in isolates from both countries, Canada and Vietnam (95 and 92%, respectively) Interestingly, all the Vietnamese isolates were sensitive to ceftiofur and apramycin, whereas no resistance was recorded for enrofloxacin with the Canadian isolates The similarities and differences in antimicrobial resistance between the two countries could
be attributed to variation in veterinary antimicrobial regulation and usage between Canada and Vietnam This was definitely the case for tetracycline, ampicillin, and sulfa drug use in both countries, and ceftiofur and apramycin use in Canada, and enrofloxacin use in Vietnam Frequent usage of agents in the past, such as chloramphenicol in Vietnam and nitrofurantoin in Canada also was associated with resistance Other factors may include the distribution of serotypes and pathotypes between the two countries, and differences in farrowing shed management
References
Ngeleka M, Brereton L, Brown G, Fairbrother JM 2002
Avian Dis 46:143-152
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