Báo cáo khoa học nông nghiệp " Processing, Preservation and Wood from Plantations " pot

Versatile Species Poles Wood chips Pulp for paper Particle board MDF Saw Logs Construction Furniture Veneer Peeled Sliced... Small logs• Small logs can be used for wood chips or construc

Processing, Preservation and

Wood from Plantations

Philip Blackwell - University of Melbourne

&

Phạm Đức Chiến - FSIV

The common species are

Acacia mangium,

Acacia auriculiformis,

Acacia hybrid,

Eucalyptus urophylla

Eucalyptus camaldulensis

Pinus ssp

Native mixed species

Typical plantation in Vinh Phuc Province

Plantations need management to obtain the maximum return

Pruning Thinning Good genetic stock

Sustainable management can lead to FSC

certification

Advantages of the Australian

Species

• Fast growing

• Good return to

growers

• Grows in a range of

climatic and soil

conditions

• Easy to process

• A range of potential

markets

Versatile Species

Poles Wood chips

Pulp for paper Particle board MDF

Saw Logs

Construction Furniture

Veneer

Peeled Sliced

Small logs

• Small logs can be used for wood chips

or construction timbers

• Larger diameter logs return higher value to the producer

• Straightness is also important

• Growth Stresses

• Small diameter

• Unstable until dry

• Drying difficulties

• Difficult to preserve

• Colour variation

Horizontal and Vertical

Bandsaws

Cheap to purchase

Easy to use

Made in Vietnam

Reliable

Logs are held to wooden bearers with steel spikes The saw is moved over the log to cut a board

The board is removed The saw is then taken back over the log

The blade is lowered The cutting process is repeated

Sawing Patterns

Bandsaws produce flat

sawn boards

Most boards are back

sawn (B)

Some boards in the centre

are Quarter sawn (A)

Quarter sawn boards dry

with less checking than

back sawn boards

• Air drying timber is Ok for outside use

• Kiln drying is required

to make timber stable for inside use

• Reduces the chance

of furniture cracking

Product failures

Drying Kiln

• Combination of;

– Air flow

– Temperature

– Humidity

• Kilns require

– Monitoring

– Correct stacking

– Room for the air to

move

– Restrictions on air

movement

Timber Stability

• Timber will shrink while being dried

• Timber will change size with changes in moisture content

• All furniture should be manufactured from

kiln dried timber

• Dry timber is less

• Some species are naturally durable

• Preservation is required when timber

is to be in-ground or out-side

• Preservation is the process of adding chemicals to the timber to deter insects

Difficulties in treating

• Many species are

difficult to treat

• In some species

sapwood is treatable

• Sapwood is often

more susceptible to

decay

• Higher quality logs

• Greater returns to the growers

• Better productivity for the sawmillers

• High value veneer logs

• Greater percentage of exports using

Vietnamese timber

Training Needs

• Training in kiln drying and kiln operations

• Training for sawmillers to understand the structure and nature of wood and how they can process it

better

• Training in the international requirements for timber products in furniture manufacturing

• Training on sawmill safety and preventive

maintenance

• Training in business management and marketing