Some solutions to protect and restore community based mangrove forests in Hau Loc Distric, Thanh Hoa rovince ppt

Some solutions to protect and restore community based mangrove forests in Hau Loc Distric, Thanh Hoa rovince HẬU LỘC District – THANH HÓA Province Implementing organization: People Comm

Some solutions to protect and restore

community based mangrove forests in Hau

Loc Distric, Thanh Hoa rovince

HẬU LỘC District – THANH HÓA

Province

Implementing organization: People Committee of

Hau Loc District, Thanh Hoa Province

Author Trịnh Cao Sơn Bac kan: 21/4,2010

I Rationale and objectives of the project

1.1 Rationale:

Hau Loc is a coastal district, located in the north-east of Thanh Hoa Province Its total natural land is 14.367,19 ha, of which 1.170 ha are alluvial site that to be suitable for planting forest and raising sea food The District has 27 authority units (26 communes and 1 township) The total population of the District in

2009 was 163.971 people, with the density of 11,4 persons/km2 The District has 5 coastal communes (Da Loc, Minh Loc, Ngu Loc, Hung Loc, and Hai Loc) locate in the East with the natural area is 3.442,25 ha (occupy 23,81% of total land area of the District), the population is 57.068 people (34,8% of the district population) surrounded by rivers: Len River

in the North, Lach Truong in the South, East Sea in the East, and the coastal line is 12 km

¾ The coastal area of Hau Loc plays a very important

role of economy, politics and defence

¾ This area has high density of residents, boasts for

harveting sea foods, and agriculture-forestry-aquatic processing products

¾ Annually, the District is heavily impacted by natural

disasters, particularly from tropical typhoons In

average, the -District is annually directly impacted by 5 – 6 typhoons.

¾ For Example: The typhoon number 5 occured on

28/8/2003 and the typhoon number 7 occured on

27/9/2005 destroyed and broke 3 km of coastal dyke without mangrove forests

Some pictures of damages by storm in 7/2005

Farmer was worry about storms

Objectives of Community Forest

aquatic products, strengthen the durability of

ƒ Strengthen agreement within the community, and

contribute to retain security and defense

Economical objectives

aquatic and sea food of the local people, also to improve their living standard

and planting of mangrove forest, more

jobs will be created, so that it will improve income for local people in coastal areas

hydrological constructions, and to

mitigate the impact from the natural

disasters

2 Status and reasons for degradation of mangrove forest

2.1 Status

ƒ Mangrove forest distributes in 4 communes:

Xuan Loc, Hai Loc, Hoa Loc, and Da Loc

ƒ The best mangrove forest grows in Xuan Loc,

then Hoa Loc, Da Loc and the worst forest grows

in Hai Loc

ƒ Developed farms of sea food, mangrove forest has been dramatically destroyed both in quantity and quality

ƒ Since 1980 to 2010 planted 498 ha in which

224 ha planted previous projects such as British Children Fund, Japan Red Cross (JFC project), and CARE International 250 ha, and National

Dyke Department planted 24 ha

ƒ 2.2 Reasons for the degradation of

mangrove forest in Hau Loc District

their main incomes attained from the

exploitation of sea food from within and

outside the mangrove forest, so that they can damage young forests

so that local people destroy mangrove

forest for development of sea food farms.

protection mangrove forest and landscape

is limited

ƒ Local people lack firewood for daily

consumption, also lack food to raise animals

ƒ Rubbish released from the district following the flow of the Lach Truong and Len Rivers could damage mangrove trees, particularly the

seedlings

ƒ The salt level of the water varies according to seasons of the year The highest salt level

occurs in dry season

ƒ The alluvial site for planting mangrove forest is normally not solid enough, so that seedling of mangrove is easily flowed by tide

ƒ Limited funds for protection and maintainance

of mangrove forest

Developed ponds for shrimps

Damaged by Dirty materials attached trees

Challenges for planting out to the sea

ƒ New forest plantations will therefore be planted further to the sea, where the tide is bigger, the salt level is greater,

ƒ The time covered by water is longer Those

conditions are good for the barnacles to

develop and destroy forests

ƒ It is said that there is no way to plant more

new mangrove forest on sites of Hau Loc

There were planting programs funded by Red Cross Association, 661 Project Those

programs planted 90 ha in 2005 and 2006

This forest however completely died after 1

year due to strong tide, strong wind and the

serious damage like barnacles

Some experiences and solutions

ƒ To organize meetings participated by local

people, authorities, fish and sea food

harvesters to discuss and comment on the plan

to plant, tend and protect mangrove forests

ƒ To mobilize participation of local people to

promote their experience and creativeness

Local people understand their role in protection and development of mangrove forests

ƒ They are also awareness of the importance of mangrove forest that provide them with benefit

ƒ Local people give comments on the best time

to select fruit for seedling production, and to

avoid typhoons that normally occur from April

in Da Loc, Hai Loc

Experiences and solutions

ƒ Provide Technical training courses on Planting and maintaining skills for plating groups

ƒ Documents combining local experience and scientific knowledge are applied to technical

transfer/training for groups of trainers

ƒ Provide methodology very simply introduced

to local people with much academy,

ƒ Therefore, when planting in the field, many

people did now know the right method to plant, tend and protect of mangrove forest In stead, they just followed the traditional knowledge

Technical training courses and meetings supported by CARE

Organize groups of farmers to successfully protect and tend mangrove forest

ƒ This is an important task to insure the survival of

seedlings It includes work of cleaning barnacles

(shipworm) and removing rubbish sticking on the

seedlings

ƒ In Da Loc, Hai Loc, some project have treated

barnacles by using chemicals, but it was not successful, and it damaged beneficial organisms such as crab, fish, shrimp within the mangrove forest Through direct

survey in the young mangrove forest and meetings with local people, the District understands why mangrove

dies when planted on the sites with strong tide and

wind, and the solutions to those problems Based on

the indigenous knowledge learned from meetings with local people, two solutions are as follows:

Cleaning barnacles

annually have 2 breeding seasons

When barnacles are young, we can clear them by hand without difficulty and

without any damage to the seedlings

cleaning barnacles is the most important task to ensure the success of the

mangrove forest.

Maintaining Mangroves

Maintaining Mangroves

Nursery garden

ƒ 3.3 Protection of community forest

ƒ Enthusiasm residents living near the forest are selected to protect community forests

Members of the community agree about the

principle of activities implemented in the forest, particularly in young forest Local people

managed community forest are mostly trained

on the role of mangrove forests, how to plant, tend and protect forest The most importance for the success of community forest is that all meetings, discussions and planning should

involve coastal community

ƒ When conflict occurs, local authorities and frontier post number 114 are available to

overcome problems

* Principles for the success in protection of community forest

ƒ Organize meetings within the community to discuss issues of protection, responsibility of member, role of forests, fund sources, and activities They will agree to establish general principle of “tending, protection and

development of mangrove forest” This general principle is approved by District and a separate management board and protection group from the community are nominated.

ƒ District and commune authorities will assist community with the forest guard, solve conflict

of sea food and forest products Develop principle between District, local authority, Frontier Post Number 114 and forest owners.

ƒ District provides community with some fund to

ƒ 3.4 Organize contests on "protection of environment and

mangrove forest" to improve awareness of local people and the

young

attracted both people living near and far from the mangrove forest The contests were held in each commune, at school, on beaches near the mangrove forest to show people the importance of mangrove forest This

is a good method to increase the awareness of local people in terms of sustainable protection of mangrove forest in specific and the ecological environment in general This is also a very good lesson for pupils to apply for their daily life and their future The contests could also contribute to help change the awareness and activities of local people pertaining to the protection of mangrove forest and the environment

been well managed by communities of 3 villages of the commune The new approach has been approved to be a good method for a sustainable protection and rehabilitation of mangrove forest in the area

Organized contests on Mangroves and environment Protection