Báo cáo khoa học nông nghiệp " project Results in Nác village- VN/MOA/03-001 " doc

Forest resource management Forest resource status: The Village manages around 1100 ha of forests and forest land,... 1.2 Awareness of local people of the project objectives, expected re

project Results in N¸c village- VN/MOA/03-001

(EC/UNDP - SGP PTF)

Author: Lª Sü Hång

I Basis information of the project

1.1 Status of economy, society, production and forest resource of the project site Geographical position: Nac village belongs to Lien Minh commune, locates in the south of Vo

Nhai district, Thai Nguyen province, and to be about 70 km apart from Thai Nguyen City Located in a high mountain, the Village shares boundary with Bac Giang province and other districts, so that it has a very important position

Natural area of the Nac Village is 2000 ha (equally with the area of a commune in neighbour areas) However, the boundary area of the Village is being invaded by be people from Yen The District (Bac Giang), Dong Hy (Thai Nguyen), and other villages

of the Commune In fact, the Village is managing only 1300 ha This limits the success of the forest resource management and economy development of the Village

With the natural area of 1300 ha, the Village has about 1100 ha of forest and forestland, 25 ha of farming land (cultivate only one time per year), and 100 ha for shifting cultivation

Economic-society status:

Population and awareness: The Village has total 102 families with 486 people (an

average of 5 people/family) The Village has 3 main ethnic communities, of which Dao occupies 80%, Kinh is 16%, and Nung is 4% Most of local families have resided for ages with the traditional custom is shifting cultivation There is about 0.5% of population

Infrastructure: There is only 8 km of main road from the Commune to the Village center

built in 2002 funded by the 135 program and the permanent agriculture and settlement program The Village is divided into 3 resident areas, and the distance between these areas is from 3-4 km The distance from the farthest family to the center is 6 km, and the main transportation is on foot There is no irrigation system, so that local people cultivate based completely on rainfall The Village does not have electricity and village clinic There are 4 poor class rooms for primary school, but secondary school pupils have to learn in the Commune (8-14 km on foot), and high school pupils have to stay in the district

Living standard: The income of local people is only 100,000-120,000

VND/person/month The number of hungry family is 63 of 102, equally with 67% (statistic data of the Village in 2005)

Residents are divided into 4 groups according to geographical condition Rich families concentrate on the Center and Khe Can area In contrast, two groups living in Suoi Tram – Suoi Bua and Mang Lon are very poor Houses are simply constructed and their roof is usually made by thatch

The income is mainly from agriculture People can also harvest bamboo shoot from forest In general, those products are just enough for self using, not for comercial

purposes

There is no Agriculture and forestry extension implemented in the village, probably due to a long distance from the center, complicated terrain and scattered residence of the Village

Forest resource management

Forest resource status: The Village manages around 1100 ha of forests and forest land,

forest products; (2) Local people lack money to invest, lack knowledge and techniques The effectiveness of the forest and forest land allocation is low as people are still poor and forest is still degrading There have not been any projects or programs to help local people here, except the current project (SGP PTF) Even the activities of propagandism to protect and develop forest are rarely implemented due to the fact that the conditions of the Village are too difficult for forest guards to come and work and the authority lacks information of the Village Therefore, illegal issues such as random cutting or shifting cultivation are normally not treated

1.2 Awareness of local people of the project objectives, expected results and main activities

Due to the fact that the Village has not benefited from any common projects and

programs such as PAM, 327 and 661, SGP PTFis the first project to be implemented in the Village Actually, the main road was only built in 2002, but before one had to pass 14

km of forest road to come to the Village Therefore, all people of the Village are very happy to care about the project Through meetings within community, people understand the objectives, activities and expected outcomes of the project People all know this project funded by UNDP would help to develop and protect forests and improve living standard of local people

1.3 Community based forest management in the project site

Forest of Nac Village is allocated to groups of locale people to manage and use forest This is consistent with the distribution of population and custom of local people

1.4 The care of local people to forest protection

Forest managed by the Village is the watershed a stream and river system, so that it plays

a very important role to protect the environment and balance the ecosystem of the region The loss of forest has created disasters such as flooding, lack of water for daily consumption and for cultivation Local people are aware of the problems, particularly since the time they were propagandized by the project staff and technicians

II Results of the project

- Each group has a leader and vice leader and having clear responsibility

- Each group has its own principle and activity plan

- Like as reported - The establishment

of 4 groups according

to geographical, custom conditions of the Village is consistent

- Determined boundary, developed status map and planning map for land use planning for the next 10 years

- Status map and planning maps with the scale of 1/10.000

Activities completely implemented in the field, data, reports and maps were completed and stored in the community house

3 Land and forest

allocation

- Allocated land and forest land to 4 groups as soon as the land use planning completed (5/2004)

- 646,35 ha of forest and forest land were allocated to 4 groups to manage and use,

- Allocated in the field following agreement

- Restored documents, including basis document, map of land and forest

Quarter II/2004:

- Started nursery activities A list of suitable species for planting and rehabilitating was determined, and location and design of nursery were completed

- Two technical transfers (each lasted 2 days) were held with 76 households participated The main topic was techniques to produce forest seedlings for plantation and rehabilitation

- Reported activities and progress are correct

Quarter III/2004:

- Constructed 4 nurseries, provided equipments for producing seedlings, each nursery could produce 80000-120000 seedlings/year

- Produced 4100 breed culms of Luong (Dendrocalamus), 600 breed culms of Bat

Do bamboo, and 15000 eucalyptus seedlings

- Seeds of Acacia, Chukrasia, Canarium, Dedrocalamus sericeus, and container bag, fertilizer were provided to local people

- 4 nurseries for 4 groups were established, the capacity was from 80000

- 120000 seedlings/year, higher than designed

4 Nursery activity

Quarter IV/2004:

- Producing 80000 containers and growing seed of Acacia and Dedrocalamus sericeus into containers

As stated in the Report

From 5/ 2004 up to now, the nurseries have produced around 200.000 seedlings, including: 4000 breed braches of Luång,

400 breed branches of Bat Do bamboo,

and the rest is Acacia and Manglietia

conifera, as follows:

- Mang Long group has produced 55.000 standard seedlings for planting, including species of Acacia, Manglietia,

Denrocalamus, and Bat DO bamboo

- The Center group has produced 61.000 seedlings of which 56.000 seedlings are standard for planting, including species of

A mangium, Eucalytus, Bat Do bamboo, Chukrasia, Canarium, Dedrocalamus sericeus

- Khe can group has produced 40.500 standard seedlings, including Eucalytus, Bat Do bamboo, Chukrasia, Canarium, Dedrocalamus sericeus

- Suoi Tram group has produced 40.000 seedlings for planting, including A

mangium, Eucalytus, Bat Do bamboo, Canarium

- Interviewed each group leader and assessed the field, the number of seedlings reported is reliable

- In general, seedlings grow well, and attain standard for planting

However, there are still some mistakes such as some times a container may have 2-4 seedlings

Quarter II/2004

- Determined list of planting species, including tea, mango, litchi, persimmon,

and Tephrosia candida

- Held 3 day training course for 22 householders

- Designed and carried out models: (1)

0.2 ha tea DPT1 + Tephrosia candida; (2)

0.5 ha tea 0.5 ha tea + fruit trees +

Tephrosia candidaÝ; (3) 0.3 ha mangoi +

porsimmon Survival rate is 98%, trees grow well

- Meetings with local people held to select suitable species for planting

- Technical transfers were held as reported

- 3 models on the field growing well However,

- Planted 2 ha of fruit trees with the density of 350 trees/ha, including mango, orange and porsimmon

field and garden

- Final report has 28 models of tea hybrid and fruit trees implemented by 4 groups

Area of tea hybrid is 7 ha Area of fruit tree is 3 ha, in which orange is 2,74ha;

porsimmon is 0,1ha; Australian mango is 0,1 ha; and longan is 0,18ha

- Implemented as reported

- Assist breeds, fertilizer: 270 kg of Khang d©n rice and 400 kg corn from 2 clones 999 and 888, 60 kg soybeans

- Mang Lon group cultivated 1.3 ha of Khang dan rice, 0.3 ha of corn, with the yield was 4200-4400 kg/ha; corn 888 and 999: 2.6 ha, yield 5100-5200 kg/ha

- The Center group cultivated 1.9 ha of Khang dan rice, yield attained 4400 kg/ha; Clone corn 888 and 999: 10.5 ha, yield was 5100 -5400 kg/ha

- Khe can group cultivated 2.4 ha of Khang dan with yield attained 4300 kg/ha; 0.6 ha 2 clones had yield to attain

4500 kg/ha; corn 888: 11.3 ha with the yield attained 5000-5300 kg/ha

- Suoi Tram – Bua: cultivated Corn 999:

2.2 ha, yield attained 5200 kg/ha; Hybrid soybeans: 1.1ha, yield attained 3000 kg/ha

- assistance was carried as reported

- Through interviews and meetings, some local people said that the yield

is some what lower than reported, from 100-300 kg/ha

as reported The species grows well However, the tending such as cleaning grass is not well done

8 Planing other tree

- Khe can group planted 24 ha, of which Manglietia conifera: 3.7 ha;

Acacia: 18.3 ha; Eucalyptus: 1 ha;

Dendrocalamus membranaceus: 1ha

8 ha Survival rate is 95-98%

- Area of scattered trees is difficult to measure

However, the area of scattered trees is about

- 120 ha plantation forests of 4 groups were restored-oriented protection to promote regeneration, activities implemented: clear vines, un-benefited trees

Training was held, and restoration – oriented protection to promote natural regeneration was implemented

10 Establish credit

fund for groups

- With the money of 15 million VND assisted by the project in 2004 (Quarter III/2004) with the low interest (0,5%) to members of group to cultivate Monthly, members of groups contribute money into the fund This contribution could include

As reported Activities are very

effective

4 logos of 1.5 x 0.5 m (Quarter III/2004)

- 05 advertisement boards are created

Logos and advertisement boards are well protected

12 Build community

house

Built community house of 40 m2 - The house was

completely built late

2004, and is now been using Roof is damaged, but is fixed

- As reported

14 Purchase office

equipment

- Purchased 1 document wardrobe

- 1 set of Xuan Hoa table and chairs

- Personal computer

- Wardrobe, table and chair were used in the community house

- Computer is used by accountant

III Assessment the quantity and quality of activities

3.1 Results of activities implemented

Results

implemented

1 Establish groups to

manage and use

- 4 groups to manage and use forest - 4 groups have effectively worked

Group leaders/vice leaders are very

2 Land use planning of

Nac Village

- Determined the boundary, built status maps and planning maps for the next

10 years for the Village

- Status maps and planning maps with scale 1/10.000 were completed

- Restoration – oriented protection remains some problems For example, there are terrace fields of local people within the forests protected Some bare land really needs to replant forests

3 Land and forest

allocation

- 646.35 ha of forest and forest land were allocated to 4 group to protect and use, including: IIa:339.7 ha; Ic:

224.9 ha; bare land Ia+Ib: 66.9 ha;

terrace field: 14.85 ha

- Maps established, and decision signed

by the Chair of People Committee to each group

- Maps are accepted

- Allocated boundary in the field

4 2 Establish nursery 4 nurseries and necessary equipments

established to provide a capacity of producing 80000 to 100000 seedling/nursery/year

Nurseries established following technical procedures, such as flat level, position, water source, protection… Capacity of each nursery is from 100000 – 120000 seedlings/year The nursery system is very significant as the area needs a large number of standard seedling for planting and rehabilitation

4.3 Producing seedlings - 200000 seedlings, including:

+ 4000 breed branches of Dedrocalamus

+ 400 breed branches of Bat do bamboo

+ Main number of seedlings is Manglietia conifera, Acacia, Eucalytus

- Provided 200000 seedlings for the plantation program as designed, including

4000 breed branches of Dedrocalamus and bat do bam boo, 30000 seedlings of Manglietia conifera, 156000 seedlings of

A mangium, 15000 seedlings of Eucalytus, 7000 Chukrasi, and 3000 Dendrocalamus membranaceus

- Seedlings grow well, to attain standard for plantation However, some containers still have some seedlings growing together

5 Assist to develop industrial trees and fruit trees

5.1 Training - 2 days of training on planting hybrid

tea by breed branches

- 2 days of training to plant fruit trees

- Householders participated well

- Training contents meet the demand from the local people

- Documents are good, training time is consistent with people and the content of training

5.2 Planning tea hybrid

by branches and

planting fruit trees

- 28 models of hybrid tea and fruit trees, in which:

+ Hybrid tea 7 ha + Fruit trees 3 ha (sugar orange 2,74ha; Nhan Hau persimmon: 0,1ha;

Australian Mango: 0,1 ha; Longan:

0,18ha)

- The planted area is correct

- Hybrid tea grows well

- Fruit trees grow and develop well

Several models closed to houses are not fended, sot that they are damaged by buffalo or cow, such as the orange model owned by Mr Trieu Van An

5.2 Growing rice and

other crops

+ 5.6 ha of Khang dan rice, and 0.9 ha Hai dong rice

+ Corn 888 and 999: 46.4 ha + Hybrid soybean: 1.1 ha

- Planted area for the selected species is correct

- Breed of rice, corn and soybean transferred to local people are as reported

- Crops grow and develop well

- Yield of rice, corn and soybean is higher than the yield of local breeds

6 Planting forest - 02 training courses were held, each

course lasted 2 days (14-17/8/2004)

Training content is consistent with local demand, easy to understand and follow Local people basically could apply techniques to plant forests

Luong area planted in 2004 grows well However, the tending as cleaning grass is not good If the tending is performed well, the species will grow much better