Dự án nông nghiệp " Sustainable community-based forest development and management in some high poverty areas in Bac Kan Province ( MILESTONE 5 ) " doc

The project will contribute to achievement of the Goal by developing community-based forest management CFM through: i ensuring equal access of forest-dependent households to the common f

Filename: CARD-CFM, MS5 Second Six-Monthly Report, FINAL 10 Jan 08.doc

Ministry of Agriculture & Rural Development

Project Progress Report

MILESTONE 5

SECOND SIX-MONTHLY REPORT (1 July – 31 December 2007 inclusive)

Sustainable community-based forest development and

management in some high poverty areas in Bac Kan Province

Project No: 017/06 VIE

Prepared by Forest Protection Department of Bac Kan Province Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry

and CSIRO Forest Biosciences

10 January 2008

1

Study tour to other CFM projects

Training in nursery propagation

1 Institute Information

development and management in some high poverty areas in Bac Kan

Province

Kan Province

Vietnamese Project Team Leader Mr Trieu Van Luc, Joint Team Leader

SCION (From 1 January 2008, now termed CSIRO Forest Biosciences)

Team Leader), Mr Brian Gunn and Dr Peter Stevens

not been revised)

Organisation Ensis – the Joint Forces

of CSIRO and SCION (From 1 January 2008, now termed CSIRO Forest Biosciences)

Email: Khongsak.Pinyopusarerk@csiro.au

In Australia: Administrative contact

Organisation Ensis – the Joint Forces of

CSIRO and SCION (From 1 January 2008, now termed CSIRO Forest Biosciences)

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In Vietnam

Department of International and Scientific Cooperation

Organisation Thai Nguyen University of

Agriculture and Forestry

Email: tranvandientn@vnn.vn

2 Project Abstract

The project aims to empower ethnic minority people in four pilot villages in Van Minh and Lang San Communes, Na Ri District, Bac Kan Province, to manage their allocated Community Forests This will be achieved through capacity building activities at

community and government levels, and technical and institutional support, in

participatory forest land use planning, land allocation and extension services as part of community based forest management The project will help to improve local livelihoods

of disadvantaged men and women through equal access to forest land, better resource management and sharing of benefits New systems will help to minimize forest land

degradation and support forest development and conservation Newly-developed

information systems, experiences and training methods will be shared with other villages, Communes and relevant parts of the Province and northern mountainous regions through numerous information dissemination methods

The project continued satisfactorily with all the relevant project components completed according to schedule This report covers the period July 1 2007 to December 31 2007 Following the very heavy load of activities during the first six months of the project, most project activities are now being implemented Progress and achievements during the period from July 2007 to December 2007 inclusive are described in this Second Six-Monthly

Progress Report

Land use planning and land allocation, which were initiated during the first five months of the project and were discussed in the First Six-Monthly Progress Report, have now been completed during the current reporting period Initially it was planned to obtain “Green Book” (temporary use rights) for the project community forest lands However, after

discussion among key leaders of communes and villages and with support from Na Ri district authorities and Bac Kan Forest Protection Department, it was decided to apply for “Red Book” (long-term use rights) This would give local communities the confidence to

contribute and invest labour and other inputs to the protection and development of CF lands

for overall local benefit Red Books for all project CF lands were formally issued on 31 December 2007 The project CFM plans (details reported in the MS4 report) are now

considered official documents after the issuance of Red Books

There were two capacity building activities during this reporting period Firstly, a study tour

to other CFM projects in Hoa Binh province between 21-25 September 2007 was led by the Vietnamese joint project leader, Mr Trieu Van Luc There were twenty four participants from four villages in the CARD project area (Na Muc, Khuoi Lieng, To Dooc and Ban Sang villages) The main objective was to learn about and share experiences in community forest management and income generation activities Secondly, separate nursery training courses were conducted for each pilot village in September-October 2007 and were well attended by both men and women Village nurseries were constructed as part of the training Preparation

of seedlings for agroforestry models and forest plantations is already underway

Establishment of Community Development Funds progressed well with separate village and commune meetings facilitated by project field staff Distribution of seed money ($1000 per village (about 13 million VND) to four target village communities is expected to take place

in January 2008

The background to the project was fully described in the First Six-Monthly Progress Report, and most of this information is not repeated here However, it is worth repeating the Project Goal, which is:

Sustainable improvement in livelihood security of disadvantaged forest-dependent people in northern mountainous areas, through empowerment of access to forest and forest land, influence over forest land management, conservation of the natural resources and development of relevant skills

The project will contribute to achievement of the Goal by developing community-based forest management (CFM) through: (i) ensuring equal access of forest-dependent households

to the common forest; (ii) building capacities within the forest user groups to effectively represent themselves; (iii) strengthen extension services to enable them to be responsive to the needs of the forest dependent people; (iv) provide skills to communities to enable them to develop and manage their allocated forest resources in a transparent and equitable manner; (iv) raising awareness of and providing training in forest and land policy issues and good forest governance; (v) promoting sustainable forest and natural resource use to reduce food shortages by strengthening agroforestry, sustainably producing timber and non-timber forest products (NTFPs), and training in improved forest management skills; and (vi) promoting the active involvement of women These broad objectives are reflected in the formal Objectives within the project logical framework

All the participatory and other activities outlined in the project Logical Framework will be undertaken in ways which are appropriate for the local cultural context, and of course

development of successful CFM models will depend heavily on incorporating all the

indigenous knowledge of both men and women During these activities, the participants will

be encouraged to indicate the gaps in their skills and knowledge, and to participate in

remedying these deficiencies Simple indicators of baseline and subsequent competencies will be devised which suit the participants

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contribute and invest labour and other inputs to the protection and development of CF lands for overall local benefit The process to obtain a Red Book is more complicated as the

approval authority is the Land Management Department who must verify that land

boundaries on the maps and on the ground are matching Application for Red Books as proof

of long-term use rights has been approved by district and provincial Land Management Departments, and Red Books for three village communities (Na Muc, To Dooc and Ban Sang) were signed off by the Chairman of Na Ri District on 31 December 2007 Key project staff from Thai Nguyen (Dr Tran Thi Thu Ha) and Bac Kan (Mr Nguyen My Hai and Mr Hoang Anh Tuan will witness a formal distribution of Red Books from district authorities to these village communities in January 2007

5.1.2 Development of CFM plans

Four CFM plans have been developed (details reported in MS4) and will be formally

approved by district authorities following the finalization of CF land allocation in January

2008 This concludes the formal distribution of CF land to communities for protection and development

5.1.3 Implementation of CFM plans

The process started during this reporting period, and will continue for the remainder of the project

• Study tour to other CFM projects

A study tour to other CFM projects in Hoa Binh province between 21-25 September 2007 was led by the Vietnamese joint project leader, Mr Trieu Van Luc and Mr Ho Son (TUAF) There were twenty four participants from two communes (Van Minh and Lang San) and four villages in CARD project area (Na Muc, Khuoi Lieng, To Dooc and Ban Sang villages) The main objective was to learn and share experiences in community forest management and income generation activities The study tour program included a workshop for participants to share and learn experiences in CFM activities (for example, the way local communities work together to protect their community forest and the mechanism to share benefits from cash crop cultivation), and field visits to view on-ground activities A full report of this study tour

will be included in MS 11 – Capacity Development

• Training in nursery propagation

Four two-day training sessions were conducted in September-October 2007, one for each project pilot village According to the project budget plan, 20 participants would attend the training However, 39 villagers in Ban Sang and 33 villagers Khuoi Lieng attended The training began with informal lectures at the village meeting hall, using flip charts prepared from PowerPoint slides in the Vietnamese language and many drawings and pictures This

On the second day, trainees and trainers joined force in construction of a nursery A simple manual for village nursery operation has been prepared and translated into Vietnamese A full report on the nursery training together with the manual will be provided in MS 11 – Capacity Development

• Establish village nurseries

As mentioned above a nursery was constructed in each village for preparation of seedlings which will be used for agroforestry planting and forest plantations Seed sowing took place

in November Field project staff in Bac Kan (Mr Nguyen My Hai and Mr Hoang Anh Tuan) have been working closely with villagers to ensure that all necessary steps are taken to

prepare high quality seedlings After this first demonstration of nursery establishment,

villagers are expected to be able to establish their own seedlings in future

• Establish agroforestry models

Although establishment of agroforestry models is not scheduled until April/May 2008, it was necessary to commence activities such as seedling preparation and designs of the models for each village A written implementation plan has been prepared and already reported in MS4

The models adopt alley cropping between economic tree species (Acacia, Manglietia and

Melia) and cash crops which may vary with the conditions and priorities of different villages

In addition, Leucaena will be planted as part of the models to provide fuelwood

• Support community forest development funds

Establishment of community development funds is on schedule As part of the project each village will receive $1000 (about 13 million VND) as seed money In October-November

2007, field project staff facilitated separate village meetings to discuss and develop CFM fund regulations On 5 December 2007 a project team comprising Mr Trieu Van Luc, Dr Tran Thi Thu Ha, Mr Nguyen My Hai, Mr Hoang Anh Tuan and Mr Khongsak

Pinyopusarerk attended two commune meetings at Van Minh and Lang San where the head

of each village and key village members presented their versions of CFD funds regulations and development plans After that several village meetings in each village community were

organized to revise and complete the CFD regulations Details are provided in Attachment

1 in this report Formal distribution of the seed money is planned in January 2008

5.2 Smallholder Benefits

To date, given that the project has been implemented for less than twelve months, few

tangible smallholder benefits are evident

The establishment of community development funds in each project pilot village has been a very promising step towards enhancing smallholder benefits Some aspects of these funds have been described above

However, a very significant intangible benefit has already been realised, in the form of a high degree of interest and commitment among virtually all the villagers This is very promising for future development of practical methods for Community Forestry Management

5.3 Capacity Building

Study tour to other CFM projects

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This has been described above

Training in nursery propagation

This has been described above

5.4 Publicity

So far there has been little external publicity about the project, but there has certainly been a great deal of favourable publicity within the four project villages in the two Communes There has been very full participation by both men and women at all the meetings and

training sessions, and complete cooperation with the activities which have been undertaken Visits to villages during the reporting period and discussions with other project personnel confirmed that publicity has encouraged the villagers: (i) to be heavily involved with village meetings to set up Forest User Groups and other administrative bodies; (ii) to be very much involved with forest surveys, land use allocation and land use mapping; (iii) to participate in the training sessions; and (iv) to take a keen interest in the establishment of nurseries and the production of planting materials

The last of these activities – the establishment of nurseries and training in nursery operations – has already generated favourable publicity as it becomes obvious around each Commune that this activity produces very useful outputs and outcomes The Village Extension Workers for Van Minh Commune, Ms Hoang Thi Thu, and Lang San Commune, Ms Luu Thi Men, can be relied upon to spread news around the Commune, as they visit each village on average

at least once every three weeks

5.5 Project Management

Project management continued to proceed well Planning meetings for the next phases of the project took place in September and December 2007, when the Australian project leader Khongsak Pinyopusarerk visited Vietnam to lead the nursery training course and attend CFM funds meetings Regular contact has been maintained between key Australian and

Vietnamese personnel by email and telephone throughout the reporting period The project has now secured the full services of three key personnel - Dr Tran Thi Thu Ha (TUAF land use expert), Mr Nguyen My Hai, extension expert of Bac Kan Agriculture and Forestry Extension Department, and Mr Hoang Anh Tuan (Kim Hy Nature Reserve) Funds were

transferred to Vietnam for project implementation

6.1 Environment

No specific issues have arisen during the reporting period

6.2 Gender and Social Issues

Gender balance in the villagers participating in community meetings and receiving training in the course of the project has been identified as an issue requiring close attention throughout the project At least one third of participants attending nursery training courses have been

7 Implementation & Sustainability Issues

7.1 Issues and Constraints

Several Issues and Constraints were identified and discussed in the First Six-Monthly

Progress Report These now appear to have been largely resolved and there are no new issues and constraints of any significance to be reported here

8 Next Critical Steps

The establishment of the four agroforestry models will take place in May 2008, during the rainy season in northern Vietnam Mr Brian Gunn will organize two training courses in agroforestry development to coincide with the timing of tree planting activity Prior to those activities, it is important to ensure that seedlings in the nurseries are well maintained and sites for agroforestry models appropriately cleared and prepared

9 Conclusion

The first ten months of the project have been extremely busy but excellent progress has been demonstrated A sound foundation has been laid for future progress The villagers are interested and enthusiastic about the potential benefits to be gained from their efforts and those of other supporters under the project

In particular, all the villagers have shown a keen understanding of the importance of

maintaining much of their (identified and allocated) Community Forestry land as Protection Forest These decisions were taken by the villagers because they uniformly recognise that the quantity, quality and reliability of their water sources for drinking, irrigation and fish production depend almost completely on the maintenance of a healthy catchment

The main challenge now is to ensure that practical and effective methods of management of the Community Forestry land are implemented in such ways as to guarantee the sustained protection of these forest environments, while still allowing some levels of use which do not degrade their essential environmental stability In addition, practical income generating activities must soon be identified and implemented

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Project Progress against Proposed Objectives, Outputs, Activities and Inputs The entries in this Logical Framework have been updated for the Second Six-Monthly Progress Report

Performance Indicators for activities which were completed during the reporting period, and are continuing,

are printed in red

Project Title: Sustainable community-based forest development and management in some high poverty areas in Bac Kan Province

Project No: 017/06 VIE

Vietnamese Implementing Institution: Department of Forest Protection of Bac Kan Province

OBJECTIVE 1 Initiate project through gaining acceptance of the

concepts and practices of CFM among the people

in four pilot villages (Na Muc, Khuoi Lieng, Ban Sang and To Duoc) in Van Minh and Lang San communes in Na Ri district, Bac Kan province, and among the relevant Government authorities

CFM arrangements introduced and established based on informed decisions

by village communities and relevant authorities Done

The Objective is still highly relevant and important

Report on all Activities under Objective 1

The assumption is that there will be willing involvement by all stakeholders, and the risk is that this will not occur or be at

an unacceptably low level

OUTPUT 1

OUTPUT 2

1 Baseline Survey 4 pilot villages

2 CFM structure developed and written CFM guidelines on for four pilot villages The CFM structure and Guidelines must be preceded by a thorough review of current Guidelines for CFM

in Vietnam

Baseline survey completed and reported Done

Stakeholder networks on CFM established Done

Guidelines prepared and publicised among stakeholders Done

Guidelines prepared with villagers, and formally approved by official channels Done

As above Report on Baseline Survey Sighting of examples of Guidelines

ACTIVITIES 1.1 Project inception meeting (Mar 07)

1.2 Establish Project Coordinating Committee (PCC) (March 07)

1.3 Site visits to four pilot villages, including collection of baseline data on (i) households, (ii) poverty levels, (iii) problems/attitudes with

1.1 Held on 30 March 2007 1.2 Done on 30 March 2007 1.3 Numerous visits at many times in the last five months, and reported in the Baseline Survey

1.1 Report on inception meeting 1.2 PCC established and functioning 1.3 Number of site meetings and records of baseline data collected 1.4 All meetings held, and awareness

of CFM indicated by number of

respect to use of local forests, (iv) ownership and access status, (v) land availability and

l=allocation for CFM, and (vi) opportunities for project-supported economic, social and

environmental benefits (Mar 07) 1.4 Meetings between People’s Committees at Commune, District and Provincial levels, representatives of the Women’s Union, Kim Hy Nature Reserve (KHNR), and other partners to promote awareness and acceptance of CFM (Mar 07)

1.5 Establish networks of CFM stakeholders within villages, Communes and relevant agencies, with close attention to ensuring the active participation

of women in the planning and implementation of CFM (Apr/May 07)

1.6 Facilitate establishment of community forest user groups (FUGs) (Apr/May 07)

1.7 Facilitate establishment of CFM Boards (Apr/May 07)

1.8 Review current CFM Guidelines (Apr/May 07) 1.9 Develop CFM guidelines (Apr/May 07)

1.4 Numerous meetings held 1.5 Networks established

1.6 Done

1.7 Done

1.8 Current Guidelines have been reviewed and modified by consultation among many

stakeholders, including villagers

1.9 Done

villagers male and female declaring willingness to participate

1.5 Reports from pilot villages that networks have been established, and quantitative evidence of womens’ participation in specific aspects

1.6 FUGs established and functioning

1.7 CFM Boards established and functioning

1.8 Current Guidelines for CFM reviewed, and results used in development of project Guidelines

1.9 CFM guidelines developed with full participation of all key stakeholders

OBJECTIVE 2 To undertake Land Use Planning and Land

Allocation (LUPLA) in four pilot villages

LUPLA has been successfully completed in four pilot villages Done

Verbal and written project reports That all the necessary

personnel, facilities and access are available to accomplish all

of the Activities within the allocated time

OUTPUT 3 Completed LUPLA in four pilot villages, with

approval from the District/Provincial Peoples’

Committee for rights of land use

Completed LUPLA in four pilot villages, with approval for rights of land use from appropriate authorities LUPLA has been completed, and final approvals are progressing

Verbal and written project reports There will be no risk in

obtaining approval for rights

of land use as this is under the jurisdiction of Bac Kan Forest Protection Department, leader

of this project

through official channels for Red Book issuance (except Khuoi Lieng village)

ACTIVITIES 2.1 Establish a task force in each pilot village to

undertake field surveys of local forests (Apr/May 07)

2.2 Undertake appropriate training of the local government officers and task forces (Apr/May 07)

2.3 Conduct field surveys to evaluate the status of forest land for land use planning (May/Jun 07) 2.4 Carry out land allocation in the four pilot villages (Jun/Aug 07)

2.5 Obtain necessary approvals from the district/provincial Peoples’ Committees for rights

of land use, and agreements for benefit sharing and forest protection (June/Oct 07)

2.6 Land distribution to communities (Jun/Oct 07)

2.3 Field surveys completed, with documentary proof/maps of land use planning

2.4 Land allocation process completed

2.5 Approvals obtained and agreements in place for rights of land use

2.6 Communities received allocated land with “Green Book”

OBJECTIVE 3 To develop CFM plans for four pilot villages CFM plans developed and

approved for each of four pilot villages

CFM plans have been developed and will be formally approved in January 2008 following finalization of CF land allocation

Four approved CFM plans available for all stakeholders

Project reports

That the level of enthusiasm and involvement among communities in the pilot villages is maintained at an acceptable level

OUTPUT 4 CFM plans, including agroforestry models, for

four pilot villages developed and approved by relevant authorities

CFM plans developed and approved for each of four pilot villages

CFM and agroforestry plans have been developed and the processes of approval are close to completion

Four approved CFM plans available for all stakeholders

Project reports

That the relevant authorities

do not present excessive levels

of bureaucratic inertia and obstruction towards approval

of CFM plans

ACTIVITIES 3.1 Develop CFM plans in a highly participatory 3.1 Done 3.1 Verbal and written confirmation

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manner, including attention to markets, tree species, cropping systems, agroforestry and institutional analyses Jun/Aug 07)

3.2 Submit the CFM plans to relevant authorities for approval (Jun/Aug 07)

3.3 Establish village extension networks (Jun/Aug 07)

3.2 Done

3.3 Done

that all the necessary information has been collected, analysed and incorporated into the CFM plans 3.2 Four CFM plans approved by the relevant authorities

3.3 Verbal evidence that effective extension networks exist is each

of the pilot villages

OBJECTIVE 4 To implement CFM plans in four pilot villages Written and verbal

evidence from the FUGs and relevant Government officers that the four CFM plans are starting to be implemented

The four CFM plans are starting to be

implemented

Project reports The risk is that there will not have

been enough time for all four pilot villages to proceed with effective implementation within the project time frame, and enthusiasm may diminish when external resources diminish However, Bac Kan Forest Protection Department is committed to provide continuing support including replication of CFM models to other locations

OUTPUT 5 CFM plans implemented in four pilot villages As above Project reports

Quantitative evidence (numbers of households, amounts of money) proving that the economic aspects of improved livelihoods have been improved over the baseline situation

As above

ACTIVITIES 4.1 Implement the CFM plans in four pilot villages,

including strengthening capacity of all the partners including (i) self-sufficient food security through use of new crop varieties and cultivation systems; (ii) forest management activities (forest protection and conservation, nurseries,

establishing timber and NTFP species, sustainable harvesting, agroforestry, etc); and (iii) other income-generating activities (Sep 07/Feb

4.1 The processes have commenced and will continue throughout the project

4.2 The agroforestry models have been designed and will be established in May

4.1 Written and verbal evidence of CFM activities Reports on the training which has been accomplished Quantitative evidence of: (i) improved food security compared with the baseline level; (ii) areas and types of new farming systems; (iii) numbers of village nurseries, planting stock produced and tree species planted; (iv)

The assumption is that all four pilot villages will have made some,

or even substantial, progress towards fully sustainable CFM, with associated benefits for household and community livelihoods, and conservation of natural resources

10) 4.2 Establish different agroforestry and Star Anise plantation models for income generation (Mar 08/Feb 10)

4.3 Establish four nurseries (one in each pilot village) (Oct 07/Fen 10)

4.4 A workshop on evaluation and dissemination of agroforestry and Star Anise models (Mar 09) 4.5 Support establishment and operation of community development funds (Oct 07/Feb 10)

2008 according to seasonal conditions

4.3 Done

4.4 Will be done in March/April 2008,

as scheduled 4.5 Village meetings have discussed and developed CFM Fund regulations

The first funds will

be disbursed in January 2008, to be utilized according to the agreed

regulations and operational guidelines

areas and types of forest management activities undertaken, especially areas

of sustainable harvesting of timber and NTFP species; (v) evidence (numbers of women, numbers of meetings) demonstrating that women are being encouraged to participate actively in planning and managing various aspects of CFM and (vi) any other income-generating activities 4.2 Quantitative and qualitative evidence

of different agroforestry and Star Anise models, and of the economic changes related to these

4.3 Workshop report 4.4 Village nurseries established 4.5 Quantitative evidence (numbers, amounts of funds) of community development funds, and favourable verbal reports on the participatory management of the funds

The risk is that one or more of the pilot villages may become discouraged because benefits appear to be slow in coming and low in quantity and quality Effective training, supervision and encouragement of the FUGs by both villagers and Government officers will be essential to maintain enthusiasm

OBJECTIV

E 5

Communes which have been exposed to various forms of extension activities about CFM

Reports from Government officers

Project reports

That all the necessary the human, financial and other resources are maintained to sustain continued extension efforts

That appropriate training (and re-training) in suitable extension methods is provided to

Government officers and other stakeholders

OUTPUT 6

OUTPUT 7

Wide dissemination of effective CFM models and methods to at least 10 other villages in the local Communes, and elsewhere in the Province Output 6 is a Community Workshop

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Output 7 is a regional Workshop ACTIVITIE

5.3 Organising one community workshop in Na Ri district

to share results and obtain feedback for further improvement of CFM models (Mar 09) 5.4 Holding a regional workshop to disseminate results and promote replication Participants will include central and Provincial government agencies, NGOs and representatives of other donor projects on CFM (Apr 09)

5.5 Use all appropriate methods for promoting CFM, including radio, TV, written and pictorial publications and other culturally sensitive methods (Mar 09/Feb 10) 5.6 Producing and distributing guidelines and training materials for practical CFM (Mar 07/Feb 10)

5.1 Baseline survey report 5.2 Evidence that the CFM models have been introduced to at least 10 other villages, and that there has been some uptake of CFM concepts and practices in some of those villages, judged by requests for assistance from extension agencies 5.3 Evidence that the workshop has been held, with substantial numbers

of participants 5.4 Evidence that the workshop has been held, with substantial numbers

of participants 5.5 Reports on the methods used for promoting CFM

5.6 The training materials have been produced

As above

OBJECTIVE 6 To build the capacity of local communities and

local Government officers to implement CFM equitably and sustainably

Training courses have all been planned and conducted, to the substantial satisfaction of the

participants as judged by simple training needs assessment before and after each course

Project reports One assumption with all types

of capacity building is that an adequate training needs assessment has been conducted and that the needs

of the participants can be and have been satisfied to an extent which is appropriate for the purpose of the training

OUTPUT 8

OUTPUT 9

8 Each of the items 6.1 to 6.10 inclusive produces

a Sub-Output, specifying the quantity and quality

of trained persons

9 Baseline Survey repeated, to measure changes

in attitudes, practices and actual/potential

regarded as irrelevant, is poorly presented and does not serve the immediate and long- term needs of the participants

impacts attributable to the project ACTIVITIES Over the 36 months of project implementation,

conduct study tours and training courses in Vietnam

to strengthen human resources capacity for CFM in the target areas

6.1 Two 5-day training for 15 people per commune

on LUPLA (Apr/May 07) 6.2 One 4-day training for 15 local government extension officers and commune leaders on CFM (June 07)

6.3 One 5-day study tour for 20 key villagers (5 from each pilot village) to other CFM projects (Sep 07) 6.4 Four 3-day training on nursery propagation for

20 people per village (Sep/Oct 07) 6.5 Four 3-day training on agroforestry income generation for 20 people per village total 80 people (Mar/Apr 08)

6.6 One 4-day study tour for 20 pilot villagers to income generation activities (Mar 08) 6.7 Four 2-day training for 20 people per village on forest laws (Apr/May 08)

6.8 Four 2-day training for 20 people per village on forest development (Apr/May 08)

6.9 Four 3-day training on sustainable harvest of forest products (Jun/Jul 08)

6.10 One 4-day study tour for 20 key villagers from other villages to visit successful models of income generation activities (May 09) 6.11 Repeat the Baseline Survey to measure changes

in attitudes, practices and actual/potential impacts attributed to the project (Jan/Feb 10)

6.12 Repeat the simplified baseline surveys of neighbouring villages to measure changes in attitudes, practices and actual/potential impacts attributed to the project (Jan/Feb 10)

Objective measures of capacity improvement in target beneficiaries, with appropriate measures of understanding of: (i) CFM attitudes, technical practices and sustainability; (ii) nursery operations; (iii) sustainable harvesting of non-wood forest products;

and (iv) use and sustainability of the Community Forest Development Funds

Activities 6.1, 6.2, 6.3 and 6.4 have been completed

Each training course will be reported

in a standard format, for eventual incorporation into Project Reports

Each training course should fulfill demonstrable needs for the particular types of participants Some months after each training course some or all

of the participants should be asked for their impressions of the use and enduring value of the training, and whether re-training is needed for the same or different participants

The assumption is that sufficient human and financial resources, and appropriate facilities, are available in order

to present the required training activities

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