Nghiên cứu các kết hợp từ chứa động từ ‘go’ trong tiếng anh và tương đương trong tiếng việt

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING PHENIKAA UNIVERSITY GRADUATION PAPER A STUDY ON ENGLISH COLLOCATIONS CONTAINING THE VERB ‘GO’ WITH REFERENCE TO THEIR VIETNAMESE EQUIVALENTS NGHI

Student: Khoang Thi Thuy Trang

Student ID No: 19010281 Course: 2019 -2023

Field: English Language Mode of study: Full-time

Supervisor: M.A Luong Quynh Anh

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING

PHENIKAA UNIVERSITY

GRADUATION PAPER

A STUDY ON ENGLISH COLLOCATIONS

CONTAINING THE VERB ‘GO’ WITH REFERENCE

TO THEIR VIETNAMESE EQUIVALENTS

(NGHIÊN CỨU CÁC KẾT HỢP TỪ CHỨA ĐỘNG TỪ

‘GO’ TRONG TIẾNG ANH VÀ TƯƠNG ĐƯƠNG TRONG

TIẾNG VIỆT)

Student: Khoang Thi Thuy Trang

Student ID No: 19010281 Course: 2019 -2023

Field: English Language Mode of study: Full-time

Supervisor: M.A Luong Quynh Anh

Hanoi – 2023

DECLARATION

I, Khoang Thi Thuy Trang - 19010281, certificate that no part of the above report has been copied or reproduced by me from any other person’s work without acknowledgements and that the report is originally written by me under strict guidance of my supervisor

Hanoi, 15th June, 2023

Supervisor Student

M.A Luong Quynh Anh Khoang Thi Thuy Trang

ABSTRACT

Collocation is prevalent throughout the English language No natural spoken or written English is free of collocations (Oxford Collocations Dictionary for English Students) For example, if you say, 'I want to take a shower' instead of 'fast shower,' the natives will answer 'quick shower,' even though it means both a quick shower and a quick shower, but no one says fast They claimed that the entire battery was brief Or 'Fast car,' they will say 'fast car,' not 'quick car,' since it is a predetermined phrase that fits together, so people always say 'fast car,' according

to habit As a result, we must recognize the significance of collocations in everyday life and writing In this thesis, we will learn about collocation, precisely the word 'go' in it and uncover the similarities and contrasts between English and Vietnamese to benefit readers and English learners alike

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

To complete the graduation thesis thoroughly, I must first express my gratitude to

Ms Luong Quynh Anh for her assistance with this thesis

I would also like to thank the school and my classmates for assisting in resolving issues during the essay-writing process

I hope this essay will help those who are studying collocations to learn more effectively

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

1 Objectives of the study 1

2 Methods of the study 2

3 Contributions made by this study 2

4 Limitations of the study 3

5 Recommendations for further research 3

DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER 1 OVERVIEW OF COLLOCATIONS (USING WORDS/ COMBINATION) IN ENGLISH 5

1.1 Sematic features 5

1.2 A brief Description of Verbs 5

1.3 What is a collocation? 6

1.3.1 Definiton of Collocations 6

1.3.2 Characteristics of Collocations 6

1.3.2.1 Arbitrary 6

1.3.2.2 Domain-dependent 6

1.3.2.3 Recurrent 6

1.3.2.4 Cohesive lexical cluster 6

1.3.3 Classifications of collocation 7

1.3.3.1 Adjectives and Adverbs 7

1.3.3.2 Adjective and Noun 8

1.3.3.3 Noun and Verb 8

1.3.3.4 Verbs and Expressions with Prepositions (phrasal verbs) 9

1.3.3.5 Verb and Adverb 9

1.3.3.6 Noun and Noun (collective or emulsion nouns) 9

1.3.3.7 Various Types of Terms 10

1.4 Summary

CHAPTER 2 SEMATIC FEATURES OF THE VERB ‘GO’ IN ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE EQUIVALENTS 12

2.1 Sematic features of the verb ‘go’ in English collocations 12

2.2 Semantic properties of the verb 'đi' in Vietnamese linguistic forms 16

2.3 Findings 20

2.3.1 Type of language and Typographical features of the Vietnamese language 20

2.3.1.1 Type of language 20

2.3.1.2 Typographical features of the Vietnamese language 20

2.3.2 Similarities and diffenounrences between English and Vietnamese 21

2.3.2.1 syllable 21

2.3.2.2 Accent 22

2.3.2.3 Signs and Signs and the sound of intone 23

2.3.2.4 The connection between writing and reading 25

2.3.2.5 Vowels 25

2.3.2.6 Consonants 25

2.3.2.7 Word structure 27

2.3.2.8 Various spellings of the term 28

2.3.2.9 Articles 29

2.3.2.10 Tenses of verbs 30

2.3.2.11 Order of words in a sentence 34

2.4 Summary 34

CHAPTER 3 THE DIFFICULTIES OF LEARNER WHEN LEARNING

COLLOCATIONS IN ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE 36

3.1 The difficulties of learners when learning Collocation in Vietnamese and English 36

3.1.1 Difficulties in finding Vietnamese equivalents 36

3.1.2 Difficulties in translating the idiomatic meaning of collocations with “go” 37

3.2 Solutions 37

CONCLUSION 38

REFERENCES 39

SOURCES OF THE DATA 40

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1.1: Comparing between natural English and unnatural English

Table 2.1 Table of ways to combine common words (collocation) with "Go" in English Source: Oxford Collocations Dictionary for students of English

PART 1: INTRODUCTION

The current study focuses on the verb 'go' semantic properties in English collocations and their Vietnamese equivalents The main goal is to identify the semantic elements of the verb 'go' in English collocations and the verb 'đi' in Vietnamese collocations and then compare them We also carried out some problems based on the theoretical background, semantic features, and similarities and differences between the two verbs in collocations in the hope that this research will lead to effective ways to develop students' knowledge of collocations with 'go,' 'đi' in particular, and other collocations in general The following are some of the conclusions reached:

1 Objectives of the study

This study had three key objectives:

1 Identifying the semantic properties of English verb 'go' collocations and Vietnamese verb 'đi' collocations

2 identifying parallels and differences between verb 'go' collocations in English and verb 'đi' collocations in Vietnamese

3 Outline a variety of obstacles that learners have when studying collocations,

as well as some advice for teaching and learning We have attained the study's objectives

The findings reveal that the verbs 'go' and 'đi' in collocations have similar general meanings: However, in Vietnamese collocations, the verb 'đi' appears

to have far more connotations than in English collocations Furthermore, several collocations containing 'go' have corresponding collocations in Vietnamese and vice versa

However, we must either employ the collocations with other verbs or explain the meanings of these collocations in the target language The poll findings demonstrate that knowing individual words and their functions is insufficient for achieving remarkable fluency in a second language Understanding how

words mix to form chunks is a linguistic requirement Students are likely to attain native-like competency in the language if they learn collocations However, teachers and students must pay more attention to teaching and learning collocations Collocations with 'go' are relatively common in English However, pupils continue to struggle with their use To solve this problem, teachers and learners should be fully aware of the importance of collocations, raising the awareness of teaching and using collocations Teachers should create an environment in which students stand a good chance of being exposed

to learning and using collocations, especially in speaking and writing skills This can be done by creating collocation-related assignments for students and emphasizing collocations in textbooks And, to reduce mother tongue interference, teachers should thoroughly explain the similarities and differences while teaching a collocation with '' and vice versa The same holds for other collocations

2 Methods of the study

Various strategies are employed to meet the objectives of this graduation paper Each step of the survey necessitates a different method However, as the thesis title suggests, the way that works best in this study is contrastive analysis Only

by utilizing this strategy, in which English is regarded as the target language and Vietnamese is used as a means of contrast, can the semantic characteristics

of the two verbs in collocations and their similarities and differences be revealed

3 Contributions made by this study

This study contributes some aspects to the collocation research for learners This paper is the first contribution to prior studies on collocations, particularly the minimal analyses of collocations acquired by Vietnamese learners Second, this is the first study to do contrastive research on semantic characteristics of the verb 'go' in English collocations and their Vietnamese equivalents Vietnamese learners commonly employ the verbs 'go' and 'đi'; consequently,

understanding the semantic properties of these two verbs in collocations and their similarities and differences can aid in the learners' vocabulary learning process Finally, the third contribution includes some learning solutions

As a result, when studying collocations, these implications can be used as a general framework or model for learners

4 Limitations of the study

Many characteristics of the verb 'go' can be explored; however, this study focuses solely on semantic features of the word 'go' in collocations

The second drawback is the small number of collocations employed in this study Due to time limits, the author could not list all collocations involving the two verbs to assist English teachers and students develop a complete comprehension of these two verbs in collocations

The final study limitation is related to time limits for the participants and the researcher

This study is confined to two collocation tests to assess the generation and reception of collocations with the verb 'go' in particular and other collocations

in general, which may require more to make clear and precise conclusions The final limitation is due to the author's inadequate expertise Hence this thesis may contain flaws As a result, all thoughts and comments from readers would be appreciated

5 Recommendations for further research this study

Due to the graduation paper's time constraints, limitations, and criteria, the current study is only concerned with the semantic aspects of the two verb collocations Numerous additional elements need to be examined As a result, further research in the following areas is recommended:

First, the study should be conducted on both semantic and grammatical characteristics of both verb collocations Second, research should be conducted

to analyze the verbs 'go' and 'đi,' as well as synonyms and idioms with both verbs to provide teachers and English learners with an overall picture of the similarities and differences between the two verbs

Finally, more research on lexical and grammatical collocations of other words should be conducted to investigate the mechanism of learners' acquisition of collocations

PART 2: DEVELOPMENT

WORDS/ COMBINATION) IN ENGLISH 1.1 Sematic features

A semantic juncture links a concept and a lexical item ('effeminate' gesticulation' = 'actress') It can be a component of any grammatical unit, whether built up or not ('effeminate" gesture' =' the effeminate gesticulation' of the actress')

One component of an expression's pretension is a different semantic juncture, which is the required feeling or generalization bolstered An expression's vocabulary intention is proposed to emerge through contrasts and expressive disagreements with other terms Linguistics can use semantic features to show how presentations that engage in unidentified characteristics can constitute the indistinguishable semantic globe Furthermore, swinging semantic aspects reveal the first-ornateness insignificance of utterances

For example, the elderly man and his offspring partake in the commonplace commissaries murderous,'' collaboration, and ''manlike,'' and are therefore allotted a semantic world of masculine people commerce They contrast in terms of 'growth' and 'adulthood,' each signifying something different

1.2 A brief Description of Verbs

Verbs are statements that reveal an exploit (Carol), destiny (develop), or state

of being alive A verb is required for almost every holding A verb's preliminary confirmation is known as its infinitive Infinitives are used for the configurations to sound off, admire, disintegrate, and come along Almost all verbs have two distinct involuntary structures known as bellowed participles Participles are structures used to offer various verb tenses (commonwealths used to produce when an exploit occurred); they can also be used as adjectives The immediate participle is invariably followed by abandonment, treasure, dismemberment, and coursing (There is also a kidney of the noun, sounding

off a gerund that is self-same to the present participle form of a verb) The past participle usually ends in ed However, other former participles demand disjointed homestretches such as vociferated, treasured, broken up, and got along

The past participle of one-time disturbed verbs is usually indistinguishable-ed confirmation Still, the previously worried is abnormal for multifold verbs An unnatural former rage is not usually the same as a multitudinous rage after participles have been sounded off, appreciated, washed out, or progressed In the vestibules for transitive and intransitive verbs, the two essential types of verbs, transitive and intransitive, are discussed

1.3 What is a collocation?

1.3.1 Definiton of Collocations

The term in English refers to a natural mingling of closely related signs Some examples include 'compensate attention,' 'hasty chuck,' 'am complaint,' and 'earth-shattering machine.' Terms make it easy to avoid overused or incomprehensible statements such as 'authentically,' 'great,' or 'beautiful' by adopting various words that fit the circumstances and command a broad relevance By varying the frequent expression themes, counterfeit dopeheads

of the mom language can bear items corresponding to slapstick Muses, intelligencers, and advertising heavily travel this path

Non-native English chairpersons may not speak terms that indigenous pens and chairpersons regard as natural In this situation, the adjective 'darkness' collocates with 'chocolate' but not 'tea.'

(Table 1.1 Comparing between natural English and unnatural English)

Natural English Unnatural English

The fast train The quick train

Quick meal Quick food

A short shower A fast shower

Make a mistake Did a mistake

1.3.2.4 Cohesive lexical cluster

This feature is understood as the occurrence of one or more words that usually implies the occurrence of a collocation containing it (A vocabulary)

1.3.3 Classifications of collocation

It is consequential to extrapolate that the English mother tongue has a considerable composition of tenures, but they all tumble into the supervening arrangement Of course, this accompaniment does not have enough elbow room to list all practicable hitches, but afterward, we will argue how you can master further For the time being, there are many types of pitfalls for you to lay down

Adjective noun, noun-noun, verb noun, adverb adjective, verb prepositional expression, and verb adverb are the six primary forms of words

1.3.3.1 Adjectives and Adverbs

These stints are related to how you define a material as unique Some expressions could be utilized instead, but in English, we almost always experience them this way We happily advocated When describing a joyful conjugality, we always use the phrase happily wedded

You would not expect to hear someone say something like 'joyfully espoused them.' While that makes logical, and everyone would deduce what you imported, it falls a little short of English moderators' awareness since they are

so used to the adverb and adjective phrase of' gladly espoused.'

Representatives of hitches with adverbs and adjectives are sweepingly aware, gladly supported, substantially disputatious, principally efficacious, primarily presuming, and largely money-spinners

1.3.3.2 Adjective and Noun

Imagine an expressway most frequently characterized in English to designate (adjective) individuality (noun) The veracious colloquialism is 'below is a common or garden graphic respectable challenge - if you are stretching to point out that anything has come along mistaken, also recounting personality that you are facing a worthy difficulty.'

Regardless, showing exceptional items as powerful sounds like a low-slung idea if we recast the noun rather than the adjective Bringing out you commanded a handsome development' in response to that challenge would sound unauthentic So, you can see how some expressions work better together, allowing us to cultivate harnesses to certify or identify them on that highway

An inner detriment, internal journal, irreversible affliction, community chronology, beget, necessary consequence, and critical allowance are formulation representatives with adjectives and nouns

1.3.3.3 Noun and Verb

They would extrapolate the denotation after sawed-off daydreaming on the compilation's or listener's flank Even so, when yelling or scratching, our critical nonesuch should be there to master our juncture across, hands down Nonidentical representations of hitches with verbs and nouns attend an appointment, forge on entertainment and matchups, advance on the underside, hold a conflict, command an attack, possess a matchup, commemorate sheltered, and commemorate histories

1.3.3.4 Verbs and Expressions with Prepositions( phrasal verbs)

Despite its complexity, this is essentially a means of illustrating how commodities produce It goes into further detail than mentioning that someone was ‘spooked,’ ‘recovered from,’ ‘concentrate on,’ ‘agree with,’ etc

Here is an example of a phrase that combines these two terms If you wanted

to know how notoriety was affected, you wouldn't expect to hear them say they were "filled with horror," which indicates they were scared However, by combining the verb "filled" and the preposition "with," they were able to convey their "horror" or "sweat." The terms "allow for," "apologize for," "ask for," "object to," "supplicate against," and "prefer to" are instances of verbs and prepositions in terms

1.3.3.5 Verb and Adverb

A verb is the foundation of an expression, but an adverb is an expression itself

Cry frantically: If someone is apprehensive, they may call "cry hysterically,"

but you wouldn't expect to see someone cry or grin because such are unique expressions

Other verbs and adverb-based expressions include traveling far, going first, traveling upwards, guessing, hitting hard, judging roughly, and knowing well 1.3.3.6 Noun and Noun (Collective or emulsion nouns)

Once again, these nouns are most frequently joined to form phrases Even if they have a "sense of pride," if notoriety is proud of celebrities in a different manner, it's easy to see how this doesn't work as well since it's not a commodity we're used to seeing Let us try changing the backup term

Even if it makes theoretical sense, referring to people as experiencing a "sense

of shame" when ashamed of their behavior is uncommon Credit unions, credit offices, commercial finance, cabin diligence, and creation knowledge are additional explanations of nouns and noun words

1.3.3.7 Various types of terms

➢ Adverb and adverb: Nowhere near, pretty well, quite enough, right

away, only just, almost certainly

➢ Adverb and verb: Completely destroy, fully understand, serious think,

thoroughly inspect, freely admit, badly damage

➢ Adjective and preposition: Famous for, serious about, impressed by,

responsible for, disappointed in, independent of

➢ Noun and preposition: Advantage of, Arguments for, Involvement with,

Participation in, Information on, Addiction to

Terms case in rulings case of terms with prepositions at, in, on, to, with,

of

▪ Some students think they should be less dependent on their families

▪ Before you go to an interview, you should prepare a good suit It will

help you make a good impression on your interviewer

▪ There are out-of-stock products which result in delays in shipment for

many hours

▪ If my dad had invested in renewable energy when it was first introduced,

my family would be wealthy nowadays

▪ It occurred to her that she hadn’t eaten all day because of work

▪ Mr Adam is engaged to a woman from Vietnam

▪ What happens if his brain is deprived of oxygen?

▪ She doesn’t have any memory of being sixteen years old.”

▪ He was very surprised at the news on the TV

▪ It takes an incredible amount of skill to succeed at this level

▪ He is careless with essential documentaries, so his boss is angry with

it up In contrast, in an expression, the total's meaning cannot be deduced from its sequence and may be disconnected entirely

Adjective nouns, noun-noun (akin to collective nouns), verb nouns, adverb adjectives, verbs, prepositional expressions (phrasal verbs), and verb adverbs are the six main categories of words

CHAPTER 2 SEMATIC FEATURES OF THE VERB ‘GO’ IN ENGLISH AND

VIETNAMESE EQUIVALENTS

This chapter will look at the semantic function of words connected to the verb 'go' in English and 'đi' in Vietnamese We will delve deeper into each of the parts below to gain a better understanding

2.1 Sematic features of the verb ‘go’ in English collocations

Many authors have looked at and specifically mentioned the semantic function Like most other verbs, the verb go is an irregular verb in English Its basic definition is "to move from one place to another." The only English verb with

a suppletive past tense, aside from the copular verb be, is go

The primary elements

The three primary components of go are: go, went, and gone To put it another way, modern English verb conjugates consistently The central portions' irregularity originates from their diverse genesis in at least two or three distinct Indo-European sources

Unlike every English verb except be, the preterits (simple past tense) of go is not etymologically tied to its infinitive On the other hand, the preterit of effort

is a variant of the preterits of wend, a descendent of Old English and Middle English Wenden

Old English wendan (modern wend) and gãn (mod go) had identical semantics

The parallels can be seen in the lyric "I'm wending my way home," which translates to "I'm going home."

(Table 2.1 Table of ways to combine common words (collocation) with "Go" in English Source: Oxford Collocations Dictionary for students of English)

Have you mentioned going abroad to her family

this year?

Bạn đã đề cập đến việc đi nước ngoài với gia đình

cô ấy trong năm nay?

Go astray Đi vào con

In my father's manufacturer, many parts go bad

and must be replaced

Trong nhà sản xuất của cha tôi, nhiều bộ phận bị hỏng và phải được thay thế

Go bald Bị hói, trụi, trọc

Simply watching rabbits can help you understand

why they go bald

Chỉ cần quan sát những con thỏ cũng có thể giúp bạn hiểu tại sao chúng bị hói

Football supporters go crazy and commemorate

because of their favorite team

Những người ủng hộ bóng đá phát cuồng và ăn mừng vì đội bóng yêu thích của họ

Go deaf Bị điếc

Loud music can cause people to go deaf, which is

one of the causes many people still young but can hear clearly