Bài tập bổ trợ tiếng Anh lớp 11 bộ sách Kết nối tri thức Global success có đáp án mới

Bài tập bổ trợ tiếng Anh lớp 11 bộ sách Kết nối tri thức Global success có đáp án mới Bài tập bổ trợ tiếng Anh lớp 11 bộ sách Kết nối tri thức Global success có đáp án mới Bài tập bổ trợ tiếng Anh lớp 11 bộ sách Kết nối tri thức Global success có đáp án mới Bài tập bổ trợ tiếng Anh lớp 11 bộ sách Kết nối tri thức Global success có đáp án mới Bài tập bổ trợ tiếng Anh lớp 11 bộ sách Kết nối tri thức Global success có đáp án mới Bài tập bổ trợ tiếng Anh lớp 11 bộ sách Kết nối tri thức Global success có đáp án mới Bài tập bổ trợ tiếng Anh lớp 11 bộ sách Kết nối tri thức Global success có đáp án mới

UNIT 1.

A long and healthy life

A Pronunciation

• Strong and weak forms of auxiliary verbs

Underline the weak form and double underline the strong form of the auxiliary verbs in the following short exchanges Then practise them with your partner.

1 A: Do you often work out in the morning?

5 A: Didn’t you have time for the swimming practice yesterday?

B: No, I didn’t I was busy yesterday

6 A: Has she joined a gym?

B: Yes, she has

7 A: Can doing squats bum a lot of calories?

I Complete the sentences with the words given.

muscles diet treatment develop active repetitive

life

expectancy

avoid cut down lifestyle strength fit

1 The instructions give a balanced _, and protect against infections.

2 You must be very _ if you do so much running.

3 Regular exercise will help to strengthen your _.

4 We focus on the importance of _ participation by elderly people in the life of thecommunity

5 _ for both men and women has improved greatly in the past 20 years

6 Some of the tasks required considerable physical _

7 There have been great advances in the _ of cancer

8 You can change your eating habits and lead a healthier _

9 Computers are now being brought into this career to perform _ tasks

10 The doctor told him to _ on his drinking

11 Some alcoholics _ liver cancer when they drink heavily

12 Pregnant women should _ certain foods such as raw eggs

II Complete the sentences with the verbs given in the correct form.

fall include ensure treat give up

lead help give off work out stay

1 I go jogging every morning and _ with weights twice a week

2 Peter has decided to _ football at the end of this season.

3 My father always _ a very active life.

4 How do you make this change and _ a balanced diet?

5 A healthy lifestyle _ taking exercise and not smoking.

6 The fire doesn’t seem to _ much heat.

7 One in seven road accidents is caused by drivers _ asleep at the wheel.

8 Eat right to _ healthy.

9 It was difficult to _ patients because of a shortage of medicine.

10 Herbal products can _ you to relax and sleep well.

III Fill in each blank in the following sentences with the correct word / phrase below.

immune system life expectancy ageing workout

longevity boosting meditation nutritious

1 _ takes many forms, but its core is the ability to control the mind and quieten it down.

2 Learning is the most fundamental brain _ - and the more you do it, the more you’ll

benefit

3 Research for more recent periods shows a surprising and continuing improvement in _

among those aged 80 or above

4 Many individuals through the ages realized there was a very important link between health, exercise,

fitness, meditation, intelligence and _

5 A research suggests that tai chi may also slow down _ by boosting a certain type of

stem cell

6 Bird’s nest soup brings overall benefit to the _ and it gives you glowing skin.

7 Widespread gardening provides an opportunity for exercise, sunlight and _ food for

people in Okinawa, Japan

8 The first step in _ Nagano's life span was a campaign to reduce salt consumption and

promote a healthier diet and lifestyle

IV Complete the following famous sayings with the words below.

cheerfulness nutrition basis fitness cures

healthy cleanliness illness disease value

Best Sayings About Health & Nutrition

1 “Early to bed and early to rise makes a man , wealthy and wise”, Benjamin Franklin.

2 “Physical is not only one of the most important keys to a healthy body, but it is also

the basis of dynamic and creative intellectual activity”, John F Kennedy.

3 “Those who think they have no time for exercise will sooner or later have to find time for

,” Edward Stanley

4 “Health is like money, we never have a true idea of its until we lose it,” Josh Billings

5 “The doctor of the future will no longer treat the human frame with drugs, but rather will cure and

prevent disease with ,” Thomas Edison.

6 “A good laugh and a long sleep are the best in the doctor’s book,” an Irish proverb

7 “To ensure good health: eat lightly, breathe deeply, live moderately, cultivate, and

maintain an interest in life,” William Londen.

8 “Today, more than 95% of all chronic is caused by food choice, toxic food ingredients,

nutritional deficiencies and lack of physical exercise,” Mike Adams.

9 “Water, air and are the chief articles in my pharmacopoeia,” Napoleon I

10 “By cleansing your body on a regular and eliminating as many toxins as possible

from your environment, your body can begin to heal itself, prevent disease, and become stronger and

more resilient than you ever dreamed possible!” Dr Edward.

• Vocabulary for CLIL: Bacteria and viruses

V Complete the sentences with the words given.

disease organisms illness infected vaccine

antibiotics bacteria spread food poisoning infectious

1 I’m taking for a throat infection

2 Clean the wound so it doesn’t get .

3 Foot and mouth disease is caused by a highly virus which animals either eat or inhale.

4 All living have to adapt to changes in environmental conditions.

5 There is no against HIV infection.

6 is an illness of the stomach caused by eating food that contains harmful bacteria

7 She sutlers from a rare of the brain.

8 Doctors say that his isn’t life-threatening.

9 Some help the human body fight disease.

10 Some unhygienic conditions encourage the of disease.

• Prepositions

VI Complete each sentence with the correct preposition.

1 They are looking ways to add further value their products.

2 He is receiving treatment cancer.

3 I don’t have any sugar so you’ll have to do .

4 You can help prevent heart disease changing your lifestyle.

5 His back injury may prevent him playing in tomorrow’s game

6 The wood gave a sweet, perfumed smell as it burned.

7 Cut down fatty foods if you want to lose weight.

8 He has changed a lot the past decade.

9 Diseases that were once thought incurable can be treated antibiotics.

10 She suffers a rare bone disease.

C Grammar

• Past simple vs Present perfect

I Choose the correct words.

1 David has been / was at the beach for hours I think he’s having a great time there

2 Have your friends bought / Did your friends buy tickets for the concert yesterday?

3 My younger sister has started / started school six months ago.

4 So far this week we’ve seen / we saw two funny films on TV.

5 I’ve talked / I talked to my grandparents on the phone last week.

6 What’s the noise? Have your neighbours bought / Did your neighbours buy a new dog recently?

7 Have you seen / Did you see Nick this week?

8 We’ve known / We knew Ann and Tom for three years We’re really good friends now.

II Choose the correct answers.

1 My school football team hasn’t won / didn’t win a match since the start of the year.

2 I haven’t been / didn’t go to China What’s it like?

3 It has rained / rained three times this week.

4 I have seen / saw my first Disney film when I was four years old.

5 I feel at home in this village because we have lived / lived here for six years now.

6 I’m a big football fan, but I have never been / never went to the stadium.

7 It hasn’t rained / didn’t rain for a long time, so it’s very hot.

8 I have sent / sent an email to Jack last week, but he hasn’t replied.

III Complete the sentences Use the past simple in one sentence and the present perfect in the other.

1 a Italy the World Cup in 2006 (win)

b He’s happy because Manchester United all their matches this year (win)

2 a ‘Can you tidy your room?’ - ‘I it this morning.’ (tidy)

b ‘Can you tidy your room?’ - ‘I it.’ (tidy)

3 a What time you home last night? (arrive)

b ‘ _ Ben _?’ - ‘Yes, he’s in the living room.’ (arrive)

4 a Come on, let’s eat Dad dinner (cook)

b Who this food? It’s delicious (cook)

5 a I lots of interesting people since I arrived (meet)

b you anyone interesting while you were on holiday? (meet)

IV Complete the text using the present perfect or the past simple form of the verb in brackets.

I 1 (meet) Andy on a diving course when I was seventeen We 2 (be)together since then and in the last six years we 3 (visit) some awesome places on ourholidays Last month, we 4 (decide) to get married The wedding 5 (be)great, but exhausting because we were underwater and I 6 (have) a big wedding dress

on Since we got married, we 7 (not have) time to think or relax These last fewweeks 8 (go) very fast Time flies when you’re in love.

V Complete the dialogue using the present perfect or past simple form of the verbs in brackets, or an auxiliary verb.

Nick: 1 _ you ever _ (visit) Disneyland Paris?

Ann: Yes, I 2 It’s fantastic.

Nick: When 3 you(go) there?

Ann: I 4 (go) with my mum last weekend.

Nick: Really?

Ann: Yes, we 5 (travel) there by train on Friday evening and we 6 (leave) on Sunday morning But my dad 7 (not come) with us.

Nick: 8 he _ (be) there before?

Ann: No, he 9 He hates places like that He 10 (not visit) a theme parksince 1995 when he 11 (be) fourteen years old

Nick: And what 12 you (think) of the rides?

Ann: I really 13 (like) them all - especially the Big Thunder Mountain ride It’sterrifying 14 _ you ever _ (see) a photo of it?

Nick: No, I 15 But I 16 (hear) a lot about it It sounds great

VI Complete the text about young adventurers with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.

Young Adventurers

Most people 1 (never visit) the North Pole, but Parker Wilson has Last year, Parker

2 (ski) 130 km across the Arctic in freezing temperatures In the same year, he also

3 (start) a Facebook page about climate change It’s amazing because Parker is onlysixteen years old and still 4 (not finish) school - he’s a very young adventurer

5 you (ever be) to the South Pole? Maybe not, but in 2009, Katie Walter

6 (walk) there and back in twenty days She was only seventeen years old and she

7 (make) a lot of money for charity

Parker and Katie 8 (achieve) great things, but they are both still teenagers

9 they (do) too much, too young? Some people think so Some psychologists say thatit’s dangerous for teens to take these risks because their brains 10 (not develop) enough.Katie and Parker probably disagree What do you think?

VII Complete the text about a veteran’s story with the present perfect or past simple form of the verbs

below Add already, just, or yet if necessary.

become give have not be not go not produce

raise sail study travel work write

A Veteran’s Story

Anthony Smith is an old-age pensioner from London He 1 a life full of adventure When

he was young, he 2 biology at university After that, he 3 a pilot andalso 4 as a science correspondent for a newspaper He 5 more thanthirty books, but he 6 any films In January 2012, he 7 from the CanaryIslands to the Bahamas in the Caribbean He wanted to prove that old people can still have adventures

He 8 alone Three other old adventurers joined him He

9 a lot of money for a charity that provides clean water for people in Africa, Asia andCentral America He 10 through seventy countries, but he 11 to theSouth Pole He 12 an interview for our newspaper You can read it in the next issue

VIII Complete the dialogues with the verbs given Use the past simple or present perfect form.

go stay visit

Phong: 1 you to the USA?

Linda: Yes, I 2 San Francisco last year

Phong: Where 3 _you _?

Linda: At my uncle’s house.

be give open receive say write

Phong: 4 _you _ a present that you don’t like?

Linda: Yes, my aunt 5 me a yellow sweatshirt for my birthday

Phong: What 6 you to her?

Linda: Nothing She 7 there when I 8 it But I 9 her anice thank-you letter

D Reading

• How to live a long and healthy life

I Read the statements Decide if they are true (T), false (F) or not given (NG).

A Healthy Lifestyle

Some habits might help people live longer Researchers think that the key is eating well and being active.Having a healthy diet is important It’s important to eat a good number of fruits and vegetables Not allfoods are good for you, though Having too many fruits can still be bad for you You should also avoid junkfoods and sweets A treat once in a while isn’t bad, but don’t let them become a regular part of your diet.Being active is also important Sometimes it can be hard to find an activity you like You don’t have to play

a sport like rugby You can walk or run You can ride a bike or hike You can do yoga or dance It doesn’tmatter what activity you do But it is important to do something

With these small changes, you will live a longer, healthier life!

1 The passage is about rugby

2 Eating fruits and vegetables is an important part of a healthy diet

3 The passage says you should not have junk foods and sweets

4 Being active is important for living a long life

5 Sports are the best way to stay physically active

6 Doing yoga or playing rugby can help ensure a healthy lifestyle

II Fill in each blank with the correct question for each answer.

A Guide to Tai Chi

A Can I learn tai chi from a book or DVD?

B Will I injure myself doing tai chi?

C What is tai chi?

D Don’t I need to be fit to do tai chi?

E What are the health benefits of tai chi?

F Are there different styles of tai chi?

G Can tai chi help to prevent falls?

H What’s the basic technique?

1

It combines deep breathing and relaxation with slow and gentle movements Originally developed as amartial art in the 13th century in China, it is today practised around the world as a health-promotingexercise

2

Yes, such as yang, chen and wu Some teachers often practise a combination of styles The main

differences between the different tai chi styles are in the speed of movement and the way the body holds

the postures

3

Tai chi is characterised by its slow, graceful, continuous movements that are gentle on the joints and

muscles Done correctly, you'll find that the tai chi poses flow smoothly from one into another.

4

Studies have shown that tai chi can help people aged 65 and over to reduce stress, improve balance and

general mobility, and increase muscle strength in the legs

5

Tai chi is essentially a gentle activity that is unlikely to cause injury if done correctly The exercises involve

lots of flowing, easy movements that don’t stress the joints or muscles

6

Some research suggests that tai chi can reduce the risk of falls among older adults who are at increased

risk However, more research is needed

7

No, tai chi is for everyone It is ideal for inactive older people wanting to raise their activity levels gently

and gradually

8

It’s a good idea to learn the basics of tai chi from an instructor to make sure your style is correct, effective

and won't cause injury You can consider using a book or DVD once you’re familiar with the poses

III Read the passage, and then decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F).

No Pain, Big Gains

In China, it is believed that tai chi can delay ageing and prolong life, increase flexibility, strengthen

muscles and tendons, and aid in the treatment of heart disease, high blood pressure, arthritis, skindiseases, depression, cancer, and many other diseases

Most of the research on tai chi has been done in older individuals in the area of balance and fall

prevention This area of research is important because fall-related injuries are the leading cause of death

from injury and disability among older adults Because tai chi movements are slow and deliberate with

shifts of body weight from one leg to the other in coordination with upper body movements, it challengesbalance and many have long assumed it helps improve balance and reduce fall frequency.

In a similar tai chi study of older adults, 54% of the subjects who practised tai chi attributed their

improved sense of confidence to improved balance One study looked at adults in their 60s and 70s who

practised tai chi three times a week for 12 weeks (60-minute classes) After just six weeks, statistically

significant improvements were observed in balance, muscular strength, endurance, and flexibilitymeasures Improvements in each of these areas increased further after another 12 weeks

The demands of living are stressful for adults of all ages Although one cannot directly point to studies

showing a reduction in stress from practising tai chi, the breathing, movement, and mental concentration required of individuals who practise tai chi may be just the distraction you need from your hectic lifestyle.

1 It is believed by many in the world that tai chi has many benefits in treatments of many illnesses and

diseases _

2 Injuries from falls are a big problem among elderly people _

3 With its slow movements and its shifts of body weight between the legs, tai chi can improve balance

and reduce fall frequency _

4 All the people who practise tai chi gain their sense of confidence in life _

5 Improvements were observed clearly in balance, muscular strength, endurance, and flexibility

measures after twelve weeks _

6 Exercising tai chi can help people, especially adults recover from stress from the hectic lifestyle.

Exercising regularly is part of having a healthy lifestyle Physical activity helps build a strong body andmind Doing physical activity releases endorphins, which are a chemical your body produces, which gives

you a good feeling Physical activity is also an effective way to manage moods and is a really good lifestylechoice to improve your overall well-being.

Having friends and family that you can confide in is really important To be a healthy person, you need tohave people around you that you can talk to about what's happening to you, rather than dealing withthem alone

Another important part of having a healthy lifestyle is remembering to "play" Just taking time to laugh,have fun and being around people who make you feel good is part of having balance in your life

Take time to learn about what makes you feel good and remember to include some of those things inyour day

Task 1 Answer the following questions.

1 What is the problem of sleep that teenagers often meet?

Task 2 Find the words or expressions in the text which have the following meanings.

1 a situation in which different things are of equal importance _

2 the food that you eat or drink regularly _

3 food that is unhealthy but is quick or easy to eat _

4 not to do or not have something _

5 the state of feeling healthy and happy _

6 to share your feelings or secrets with someone _

V Read the text, and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D for each question.

Discover How Laughter Can Work for You!

You’ve probably heard the expression “Laughter is the best medicine” Scientists and medical doctors nowagree that laughter can help people to deal with stress and anger Research has shown that people whofeel happy and relaxed are healthier and have better relationships

Laughter Yoga is a series of exercises Laughter Yoga teaches you to laugh for no reason You don’t have

to have a sense of humour, or understand funny jokes You just have to laugh

When you do Laughter Yoga in a group, you laugh and do yoga breathing, so that you increase theamount of oxygen in your body Soon the laughter exercises turn into real laughter After a laughter yogaclass, you feel calm and relaxed, but also full of energy and happy.

She is a member of Laughter Network, a group of professionals who want to bring more laughter, health,

and happiness into people’s lives They run Laughter Yoga classes and workshops in the UK, and Julie runsLaughter Yoga holidays in Turkey, Egypt, Spain, and Morocco

Laughing is good for the body and the mind When we laugh, we breathe more oxygen into our body,which helps to keep US healthy Endorphins, or happy chemicals, are released in the body, and you feelmore relaxed and happy Laughter also brings people together to share some fun

Companies who have run Laughter Yoga workshops find that they have advantages for both employersand employees People who are happy at work are more hard-working and make more money for thecompany Also, people who laugh together communicate more successfully In general, people do better

at work when they feel happy and relaxed

If you’re not sure about Laughter Yoga, remember this, children laugh 300-400 times a day, but adultsonly laugh around fifteen times a day

Get more laughter in your life - you can feel the change in you, and when you change, the world changes.Laughter is really the best medicine You can get more information about Laughter Yoga on its website

at laughter_yoga@india.com

1 Laughing is good for our body EXCEPT that _.

A we feel more relaxed and happy B we breathe in more oxygen

C it improves communication D it helps release happy chemicals

2 It is good to laugh and do yoga breathing exercises at the same time because _.

A you laugh very funnily a lot during the laughter yoga classes

B you join a group and meet professionals all around the world

C Laughter Yoga teaches you to have a sense of humour and understand funny jokes

D you not only feel calm and relaxed, but also have full of energy and happiness

3 Laughter Yoga .

A started in India with a small group of people

B was developed by a doctor as a treatment

C started in sixty countries with over 6,000 laughter clubs

D was developed by first students of Dr Kataria

4 All of the following are true about Julie Whitehead EXCEPT that _.

A she became one of the first British Laughter Yoga teachers with Dr Kataria

B she is a member of Laughter Network which run Laughter Yoga classes and workshops in the UK

C she has practised Laughter Yoga for thirty years in her life

D she herself runs Laughter Yoga vacations in some foreign countries

5 The advantage for a company when their employees do Laughter Yoga is that _

A the employees earn more money from the company

B the employees are more hard-working and productive

C all people can laugh together funnily

D Laughter Yoga workshops only have advantages for employers

6 The saying “Laughter is the best medicine” maybe means that _.

A you should have a sense of humour in order to laugh

B trying to laugh is a good treatment to patients

C it is good for your physical and mental health to laugh

D laughter is the medicine of best quality that doctors have

7 The expression “professionals” in paragraph 6 is closest in meaning to _

A people who follow a hobby with great enthusiasm

B people who follow a career in order to earn good pay

C people who have high positions in their companies

D people who are well trained and extremely skilled

8 The text is written for _.

A adults B elderly people C children D Laughter Yoga teachers

9 You would find this description of Laughter Yoga classes .

A, in a newspaper B in a brochure C on a website D in a journal

10 The main purpose of the text is _

A to compare Laughter Yoga with ordinary yoga

B to introduce Laughter Yoga and its benefits

C to tell the history of Laughter Yoga

D to give information about Laughter Yoga classes

VI Read the text, and do the following tasks.

In the past, many people died from bacterial diseases because there was no cure for them Thenantibiotics were discovered These powerful medicines kill the bacteria that cause specific diseases As aresult, people live longer now than half a century ago However, today, we’re facing a new health risk -bacteria which is resistant to antibiotics This is because bacteria grow quickly and adapt in order tosurvive antibiotics

When you have a check-up at the doctor’s, do you think you should always get a prescription forantibiotics? A lot of people do However, we mustn’t use antibiotics when it isn’t necessary If you’ve got

a cold or flu, you shouldn’t use antibiotics because these illnesses are caused by viruses Antibiotics can’tkill viruses To get over these illnesses, you should rest, take a painkiller and drink a lot of water Youshould also stay at home to avoid infecting others

When antibiotics is appropriate, you must always make sure you take the complete course If not, theremight be some bacteria left in your body and it can develop resistance If we use antibiotics correctly andless often, it will help to stop the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and give scientists time to inventnew types of antibiotics If we don’t change our habits, it will become harder to treat diseases and lifeexpectancy might fall

Task 1 Choose the best main idea of the text

A Be sensible with antibiotics

B Never take antibiotics again

C Antibiotics - the universal treatment

D Antibiotics always make us better

Task 2 Match the words in the text and their meanings.

1 cure _ A the piece of paper that a doctor gives you to get medicine

2 diseases _ B feel better after being ill

3 prescription _ C a series of doses of medicine

4 get over (an illness) _ D a treatment that makes you completely better

5 course (of antibiotics) _ E types of illnesses with certain symptoms

Task 3 Choose the correct answers to complete the summary of the text.

Our lives are longer nowadays thanks to 1 , but if we aren’t careful, it’ll become

2 to kill bacteria The text advises people to 3 when they’re ill with a cold.Antibiotics 4 the viruses that cause a cold If the doctor gives you antibiotics, you have to

5 The misuse of antibiotics is going to 6 for us in the future

1 A diseases B antibiotics C bacteria

2 A easier B more dangerous C more difficult

3 A take antibiotics B go to their doctor C stay at home

4 A don’t affect B produce C infect

5 A stop taking them when you’re better B take all of them C take them when you want

6 A cause problems B create new antibiotics C be easier

VII Read the problem page letter to Jane and her letter in response to the problem, and do the following tasks.

Ask Jane

Dear Jane,

I’m 17 years old and my life is causing me a lot of stress I have to do homework, exam revision, extrascience classes and football practice - and then I have to help my parents around the house! Being ateenager can’t always be this tough! Adults say that you must enjoy your schooldays because they’re thehappiest days of your life, but these can’t be the happiest days of my life This isn’t happiness - I’m reallysuffering What should I do to cut down on the stress?

Mike Wallingford

Dear Mike,

Being a teenager is stressful Although adults romanticise their childhood, they must have given up thingsthey wanted to do, too Here are four effective ways to relieve stress Follow them, and you’ll be able tosort out your stress issues and live a busy, but happy life

1 You must exercise at least three times a week You can do sports or work out - or even walk the

dog Exercise relaxes your body and your brain, and relaxation helps to prevent stress anddepression and also relieves insomnia - serious sleeplessness

2 Take your mind off the stress by discovering new interests like judo, sudoku or even gentle sports

like fishing

3 Remember - ‘you are what you eat’ Burgers, chips and sugar food may be enjoyable, but this diet

makes your body scream, ‘No! Stop!’ You should listen to your body, go without junk food, andfeel the stress melt away as a healthy diet cures you

4 Networking sites, emails, Twitter and texts might be useful, but you mustn’t give up face- to-face

communication with people Laughing with your mates will make a big difference and is probablythe most effective form of stress prevention

Task 1 Match the headings A-D with the suggestions 1-4 in the letter.

A Take up something new

B Don’t put off seeing friends

C Be active

D Sort out your eating habits

Task 2 Match the words 1-8 with their definitions a-h.

1 stress 3 melt 5 diet 7 romanticize

2 tough 4 brain 6 junk food 8 mates

a make something seem more exciting or interesting than it really is / was

b things you eat which are bad for you

c pressure and worry

d difficult

e close friends

f organ inside the head

g become liquid

h all the food that you regularly eat

Task 3 Answer the questions.

1 Why is Mike’s life stressful?

6 What’s the problem with texting and emailing friends?

VIII Read the webpage, and answer the questions.

WebDoctor Topic: stressed about studies

Here at WebDoctor, we get a lot of messages from high-school students asking for advice about stress.Many of you have told US that you find it difficult to study because you feel anxious and tired You aren’talone Everyone finds studying stressful from time to time, even doctors If we had tests this year, we’d benervous, too Luckily, there are many things you can do to help with this problem

‘I’m feeling stressed What should I do?’

A This is my most important tip: look after yourself Stress can cause headaches and other problems.

Please don’t ignore any symptoms like these You should go to the doctor, and ask for advice

B The average teenager should sleep for eight to ten hours a night Do you? Perhaps if you rested

more, you’d have more energy Studies show that students who sleep well actually get bettergrades To fall asleep more quickly, you should go to bed before midnight, and you shouldn’t useyour cell phone or read in bed

C You should make a schedule to manage your time Take a break of ten minutes every hour, and

make time for fun, too You shouldn’t work all day Your goal should be ‘study weir, not ‘studylots’

D You shouldn’t spend time sitting still Get up and walk around to avoid backache, and exercise for

at least 30 minutes, four times a week Exercise helps your brain to stay fit, too! Try walking toschool, or going for a walk during your lunch break

E You already know you should eat healthily But an occasional treat can be good for you Dark

chocolate contains chemicals which can improve mood and concentration But you shouldn’t havetoo much chocolate You wouldn’t feel happier if you ate a whole familysized bar You’d just have

a stomachache

F What will you do if you don’t have tests? Don’t forget what makes you happy Family, friends, and

hobbies are important, too Do one thing you love every day, and try to relax

I’m sure you’re a great student Believe in yourself And good luck.

1 Why do many high-school students write to WebDoctor?

IX Read the article, and do the tasks that follow.

Go Out, Get Fit, Be Happy!

Sick, tired, stressed? Maybe you should go out Spending time in the countryside, or green areas like parks, has many health benefits.

A

Even small amounts of exercise can build muscles and help your heart - the most important muscle of all.Research suggests that doing no exercise can shorten your life by three to five years It can be as bad foryou as obesity or smoking.

One 2011 study found that people who exercised outdoors move faster and felt less tired than those whoexercised indoors - perhaps because they enjoyed it more What can you do outdoors in your area? Forinstance, if you were lucky enough to live in a good area, you’d be able to skate, cycle, climb or simplywalk in the park

B

Our body makes vitamin D when the sun shines on our skin Studies suggest that we need vitamin D forstrong bones It can also help us to get better more quickly when we get a bruise or sprain a muscle.However, too much sun can cause skin cancer, so you shouldn’t stay outside for more than a few minuteswithout sun protection, and you should try to avoid getting a sunburn

C

Some people think we should stay indoors in winter to avoid getting colds and other illnesses That isn’ttrue We don’t get colds because we feel cold We get colds from tiny viruses These often spread morequickly in winter because we spend more time close to other people indoors Perhaps if you’d spent moretime outdoors last winter, you’d have felt healthier

D

When you breathe in fresh air, more oxygen enters your lungs This travels around your body in yourblood until it reaches your brain When your brain has extra oxygen, it makes a chemical called serotonin.This is sometimes called the ‘feel-good chemical’, because it makes US feel good Going outdoors mayalso help you to relax In one South Korean study, researchers studied people’s brains while they werelooking at different pictures They found that looking at pictures of cities produced more stress and worry,while trees or mountains inspired positive emotions and happy memories

Task 2 Complete the summary with one word from the article in each gap.

You should spend time outdoors because

1 exercising outdoors is more effective than exercising _

2 the _ on your skin creates healthy vitamin D

3 you may get fewer illnesses like _

4 extra serotonin can help you to feel _

5 looking at nature can inspire positive emotions and happy _

6 it can improve your memory and concentration by _ percent.

Task 3 Correct the sentences with true information from the article.

1 Doing no exercise isn’t as bad for you as smoking.

X Read the text, and answer the questions.

Health Myth, or Health Fact?

A ‘Going outside with wet hair will give you a cold.’

If you went outside with wet hair on a cold day, you probably wouldn’t feel great However, it wouldn’tgive you a cold We get cold from viruses, which we catch from other people Still, it’s generally a goodidea to try to stay warm in winter You should wear warm clothes, including a hat

B ‘Eating carrots will help you to see better at night’

Carrots contain vitamin A, which can help eyes to stay healthy So, the myth is partly true But if you atecarrots daily, you still wouldn’t be able to see in the dark In the Second World War, the Britishgovernment said that British pilots could see at night because they ate so many carrots This wasn’t true

In reality, the pilots used special radar technology to ‘see’, but Britain didn’t want other countries to knowthis

C ‘You should feed a cold and starve a temperature.’

Whether you have a cold or a temperature, you should still eat healthily You shouldn’t stop eating,because you need the energy to get better Sometimes when we’re sick, we don’t feel very hungry Atthese times you should try to eat something tasty and ‘easy’ like chicken soup, fruit, or even ice cream

D ‘You shouldn’t sit too close to a TV because it’s dangerous.’

In 1967, a company accidentally sold some dangerously radioactive TVs All the TVs were sent back and noone was hurt, but the story made people worried Today’s TVs are safe If you sat near a TV for manyhours, you’d probably get tired eyes, or a headache, but you wouldn’t damage your eyes permanently

E ‘Drinking warm milk will help you to sleep.’

Warm drinks can help us to feel sleepy Many people in the US enjoy drinking warm milk or hot chocolatebefore bed, perhaps because it reminds them of childhood However, if you don’t like milky drinks, that’s

OK If you drank herbal tea or hot water with lemon and honey, it would also help you to relax

1 According to the text, what should we do in winter?

XI Read the text, and do the tasks that follow.

One Hundred and Counting

Do you know anyone who has had a birthday card from a king or queen? In the UK, on your 100th and

105th birthday and every birthday after that, a birthday card is sent to you from the Queen at BuckinghamPalace, which is the British monarch’s official residence in London The reigning monarch has sentmessages of congratulations like this since 1917

At that time, living over the age of 100 was a really amazing achievement There were only about 100centenarians in the whole country Today, however, there are more than 10,000 and we’ve visited a few

of them to discover the secret of their long life

Jean, who’s 103 and lives in an old people’s home, said that she had taken up singing when she was ateenager and she had sung every day since then She used to sing in a choir and although she can’t carry

on with that, she sings with her friend Ada, who’s 101, every day They both said that they found itabsolutely brilliant for relaxing

Arthur has just become a centenarian and he thought having a treat every day did him good He said he’dalways loved chocolate and he’d eaten a very big bar every day for the last 70 years He said he was surethere was something in the chocolate that made him healthy

Whatever the key to long life is, life expectancy will definitely increase in the future In fact, according torecent statistics, a quarter of all babies born in the UK this year will live to be more than 100 Celebratingyour 100th birthday will be a really ordinary thing for future generations

Task 1 Choose the best final sentence.

A At least, there will be fewer people for the monarch to send cards to.

B Perhaps the monarch will have to stop sending cards?

C The monarch probably won’t live a long life though.

Task 2 Choose the correct answers.

1 When you’re 100 or more years old in Britain, you get _ from the monarch at the time.

A an invitation to Buckingham Palace

B a card on every birthday

C a card on certain birthdays

2 This tradition started _.

A hundreds of years ago

B early in the last century

C at the end of the last century

3 There are _ times more centenarians today than in 1917.

A 10 B 100 C 1,000

4 Jean started singing as a hobby _.

A in her teens B in the old people’s home C when she was 101

5 Arthur is _ years of age.

A 70 B 100 C 101

6 In the future, people will _

A expect more from their lives

B have more babies

C live much longer

XII Read the text, and do the tasks that follow.

Is Chocolate the Answer?

Have you ever wondered what makes people happy? Why are some people on cloud nine while othersare always down in the dumps? What’s the secret? Is it lots of money, good health, loving relationships,owning the latest gadgets or simply chocolate?

A

The latest World Happiness Report says that prosperity is not the main reason for happiness If you sufferreal hardship, you are unlikely to be happy, but once your basic needs are met, money and materialthings become less of a necessity Happiness depends more on recognizing the things you have andappreciating them, rather than getting more things Yes, money can buy you the latest smartphone, tablet

or fashion item, and you might get a kick out of the ownership of these material objects, but thisenjoyment is usually short-lived Remember all those presents you got for Christmas when you openedthem, but not for long A month later, they were lying abandoned at the bottom of a drawer And haveyou forgotten those delicious chocolates that made you feel really happy when you were eating them, butill after you’d finished them all?

B

It seems that deep, long-lasting happiness comes from intangible things rather than things like chocolatesand smartphones One essential factor is human relationships People who have the support of familymembers and also have strong relationships are more likely to be happy Feeling protected and respectedand knowing you can trust in the people around you are vital But happiness means you have to give andtake Performing acts of kindness and generosity on a regular basis, for example, listening to a friend inneed or carrying a neighbour’s shopping, will make you feel on the top of the world Even a simple smilecan work wonders In fact, they say that one smile makes a person feel as good as eating 2,000 bars ofchocolate (not at all once, of course)

C

It’s not surprising that health is another key contributor to happiness Poor health will certainly make youfeel down in the mouth But being healthy and staying healthy requires some effort A healthy diet iscrucial and so is regular exercise Laziness will not make you happy Exercising for twenty to thirty minutes

a day helps to reduce stress and anxiety and makes you feel more positive and optimistic because itreleases endorphins (feel-good chemicals) So, if you’ve been feeling blue and worrying too much aboutyour exams, get exercising You’ll also find that you sleep better

D

Talking of sleep, do you often wake up feeling miserable? If so, it’s probably because you haven’t hadenough of it Teenagers tend to go to bed too late and have to get up early, so many suffer from a lack ofsleep Tiredness will certainly affect your happiness levels and put you in a bad mood It also affects yourability to concentrate and may slow your growth So, if you want to be happy and do well at school, try toget at least eight hours a night

Now you know the theory, it’s time to put it into practice Smile, everyone!

Task 1 Match headings 1-6 with paragraphs A-D There are two headings that you do not need.

1 Recharge your body and mood _

2 Short-lived happiness _

3 A natural remedy _

4 Can having more and more make you happy? _

5 Help and to be helped _

6 Do well at school and be happy _

Task 2 Choose the best summary of the text.

a An opinion about what society should do to make people happy

b An article about what makes people happy.

c A study showing why people find it impossible to be happy.

Task 3 Answer the questions.

1 According to the text, what are the three basic needs which are essential for happiness?

XIII Read the article and do the tasks that follow.

The Amazing Health Benefits of Snowboarding

Snowboarding is an exciting outdoor activity and is becoming very popular among teenagers Here, we find out how it can help you to become more healthy and enjoy life more.

Taking chances is a great way to help you to have confidence in yourself - even if you don’t get it right thefirst time That’s why snowboarding is a fantastic way to learn and develop a new interest I met Kathy

Fontaine, 15, on Mont Blanc, where she explained why snowboarding is a great benefit for teens.

1 _ At only nine years old, she was already snowboarding with her dad in Scotland, and shecontinues to love it to this day ‘Being in the mountains for hours every day made me feel so healthy and

alive,’ she says It helped her to understand how her body works because she learned techniques to help

her to ride the snowboard properly

2 _ ‘Snowboarding taught me to believe in myself, even when I was worried about hurting

myself.’ Did she get hurt? ‘Yes, once or twice, nothing serious,’ she say ‘ 3 _ It made

me want to succeed even more and get to the bottom of the mountain!’

In what other ways can snowboarding make you healthy and enjoy life more? ‘It keeps you very fit, verypositive, but it also helps you to make new friends,’ Kathy says 4 _ ‘You have support frompeople who understand what you’re doing and are there to help you improve.’ And she thinks the feel-good part of snowboarding can also help teenagers keep out of trouble ‘Some people I know from schoollaugh at me when I tell them how great I feel after snowboarding 5 _’ So, what is

Kathy’s advice? ‘Get a snowboard, get healthy - and enjoy life!’

Task 1 Read the article quickly and choose the best alternative title.

1 How to Stay Healthy in Your Teens

2 Snowboarding Has Great Benefits for Teens

3 Snowboarding Helps Teens Stay out of Trouble

Task 2 Five sentences have been removed from the article Choose from sentences A-H the one which fills each gap (1-5) There are three extra sentences which you do not need to use.

A She knew she was going to be good at snowboarding.

B Kathy started snowboarding at a young age.

C She believes that doing an extreme sport also introduces you to a new and positive community.

D But it didn’t make me stop.

E She already understood how to ride a snowboard.

F It also made her feel that she could do something very well.

G They think that hanging out on the street and doing stupid things is fun - I don’t see how!

H She feels teenagers think it is too dangerous to try snowboarding.

Task 3 Match the words in bold in the text to their meanings.

1 _ feel pain because of an accident

2 _ achieve something you want to do

3 _ ways of doing something well

4 _ something someone tells you to help you

5 _ an advantage from doing something

Task 4 Complete the sentences with the words in bold from the text.

1 My _ to you is - start snowboarding now!

2 You have to work very hard to _.

3 I never fall off my bike and _.

4 The _ of doing a new sport is that you learn new skills.

5 I surf every day and have learned the best _.

XIV Read the instructions, and then mark your score for each question Calculate your life expectancy.

How Long Could You Live?

What is your life expectancy? A lot depends on luck - whether you have an accident and who yourgrandparents are But you can also control some things in your lifestyle So how long could you live? Thisquestionnaire is based on life insurance tests

Write what you must add or subtract in each blank To calculate your life expectancy, start -with an average age of 72 years Then add or subtract the numbers.

Score (+/-)

3 Do you live in an urban area with a population of more than 2 million people? _

4 Do you live in a rural area with less than 10 thousand people? _

8 Do you or will you have high professional qualifications? _

10 How often do you jog, swim, play a sport or take similar exercise? _

13 Are you generally relaxed or do you lose your temper easily? _

14 How many cigarettes (if any) do you smoke a day? _

17 How old are your grandparents, or how old were they when they died? _

18 Does anyone in your family suffer from heart disease? _

Total life expectancy:

1 If you’re a boy, subtract 3 years and if you are a girl, add 4 years.

2 If you’re between 15 to 39 years old, add 2 years.

3/4 Towns and cities are unhealthy places If you live in a large town or city, take off 2 years, but if

you live in a village or in the country, add 2 years

5/6 Take off three years if you live on your own, but you can add 5 years if you live with your family

members or relatives

7/8 Education is good for you Add 1 year for a university degree and another 2 years for high

professional qualifications

9 If you sit down most of the day, subtract 3 years.

10 Add 2 years if you exercise for at least 20-30 minutes 3 times a week.

11 If you spend more than 10 hours a day asleep, take off 4 years.

12 If you’re happy, add a year If you’re unhappy, subtract 2 years.

13 If you’re relaxed, add three years Subtract three years if you’re hot-tempered.

14 Don’t smoke if you want a long life Subtract 3 years for up to 10 cigarettes a day, 4 years for 10

to 20 If you’re a non-smoker, but you live with a smoker, take off 1 year

15 Three glasses of wine or beer a day are OK for men, 2 are OK for women If you drink more than

this, take off a year

16 Overweight? If you’re up to 15 kilos too heavy, subtract 2 years, 16-25 kilos take off 4 years.

17 Long life runs in families Add 2 years for each grandparent over 80 years old now or when they

died

18 Take off three years if anyone in your close family (grandparents, parents, brothers, sisters) has or

had heart disease Take off another year if anyone in your family died under the age of 50

E Speaking

• Everyday English

I Choose the correct response Then practise the short exchanges in pairs.

1 A: Why should we brush our teeth at least

twice a day?

B: a/ To remove dental diseases.

b/ To prevent plaque on your teeth

2 A: What’s wrong with toothpicks? B: a/ They remove particles from your teeth.

b/ They can damage your teeth at the base

3 A: Can you see any benefits of regular

exercise?

B: a/ It helps to reduce cholesterol level.

b/ You just have a 30-minute walk a day

4 A: What kind of food should I have more? B: a/ More fruit and vegetables, less sugar, salt.

b/ More all the nutrients you can get

5 A: How can I stay optimistic and happy? B: a/ Be careful about your heart and brain.

b/ Control your anger and do yoga

6 A: Each food item has a nutrition label! B: a/ It tells you what’s inside the food.

b/ It’s only for the advertisers

7 A: How can we refresh our mind? B: a/ It becomes worse because of ageing.

b/ You should rest and read a book

8 A: I can’t see any benefits of healthy lifestyle

to our health

B: a/ It’s good for our immune system.

b/ Anything is good for our immune system

9 A: Can we use natural remedy? B: a/ It’s a good choice for minor illnesses.

b/ You can use them to boost your beauty

10 A: Should I drink a glass of hot milk B: a/ You can do it or drink a cup of coffee.

b/ Many people do so, but we’re not sure

• Giving instructions for an exercise routine

II Complete the instructions with the words below.

finally point slowly stand stretch look touch

1 First, _ up straight and _ your arms above your head.

2 _ to the ceiling.

3 Look up, _ down.

4 Next _ turn your head from side to side.

5 Now _ your toes.

6 _, sit down on the floor.

III Complete the text about stretching before swimming with the correct verbs.

look down look up point sit down stand up stretch touch

Before I go swimming, I always 1 _ This is my simple stretching programme:

2 _ and then 3 _ slowly, to relax my neck

4 _ and then 5 _ slowly, to stretch my legs and back

6 _ my ankles - left hand to right ankle, then right hand to left ankle

7 my fingers and my toes straight, then get in the swimming pool

IV Look at the pictures and complete the dialogue, using the prompts below You have to make some changes to supply the correct forms.

Push-up (the photo on the left)

- Get on the floors on all fours, positioning your hands slightly wider than your shoulders

- Extend your legs back, and you are balanced on your hands and toes Inhale as you slowly bend yourelbows and lower yourself to the floor

- Exhale while pushing up through the hands, returning to the start position

Pull-up (the photo on the right)

- Start by standing directly below a pull-up bar, place your hands in an overhand grip

- Lift your feet up from the floor so that you’re hanging from the bar

- Bend your elbow and raise the upper body up toward the bar until your chin is over the bar

- At the top of the movement, extend your elbow and lower your body back down to the starting position

Mai: Hi, Lan Are you reading a sports magazine?

Lan: Hi, Mai Right I’m looking at the pictures showing the ways to do some sorts of exercise I think

they’re useful

Mai: Let me have a look In the picture on the left, the woman first 1 _

Then,she 2

Lan: After that, she 3 _

Mai: Certainly Look at the picture on the right How can the man start?

Lan: I think he starts by 4

Mai: Do you think these are suitable forms of exercise for us?

• Offering help and responding

V Choose the correct responses.

1 “Do you want me to help you with those suitcases?” - “ _”

A Of course, not for me B No, I can’t help you now

C No, those are mine D No, I can manage them myself

2 “Let me drive you home.” - “ _”

A No problem B Don’t worry I’m all right

C I usually drive home at five D It’s me

3 “Would you mind sending those flowers to Mr Brown?” - “ _”

A Sure, I’ll do it now B I would if I were you

C He wouldn t mind D No, I can handle it myself

4 “Do you need any help?” - “ _”

A No, thanks I’m too weak to lift this box

B No, thanks I’m strong enough to lift this box

C Yes, thanks I’m too strong to lift this box

D Yes, thanks I’m weak enough to lift this box

5 “Would you like me to get you a taxi?” - “ _”

A Well Let’s see B Yes, please, if it does not bother

C Yes, I see D That would be delightful Thanks

6 “Do you want me to turn up the heater?” - “ _”

A It’s my pleasure B No, go right ahead

C No, it’s quite warm here D Thanks I’ll be right back

7 “Let me give you a lift home.” - “ _”

A Don’t mention it B I like lifts

C If you don’t mind D You’re very welcome

8 “Can I carry these suitcases into the room for you?” – “ _”

A You can’t, I think! B No, you can’t

C Yes, you can D Can you? That’s very kind

9 “Shall I wait for you?” – “ _”

A Why ask such a question? B No need to ask

C No, don’t bother D No, of course

10 “Would you like me to send this package for you?” - “ _”

A That would be nice Any problems?

B Yes, please, if you don’t mind

C I’m sorry, but here you are

D No, thanks I’m really busy

F Writing

• A short message

I Put the sentences in a message in the correct order.

Dear Phong,

_ a Please let us know if we might bring something.

_ b We are thrilled to be included in such a happy event and plan to meet you in the school

auditorium on the evening of October 10th at seven o’clock

_ c We are looking forward to the celebration.

_ d Thank you for the kind invitation to the end-of-term party.

I Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined.

1 A antibiotic B bacteria C organism D examine

2 A germ B spread C regular D recipe

3 A fitness B disease C illness D press-up

II Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from the others.

4 A examine B poisoning C bacteria D infection

5 A diameter B expectancy C ingredient D organism

III Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentences.

6 Women have a longer life than men.

A story B membership C history D expectancy

7 You should continue to lead a healthy life, such as eating a(n) diet, taking exercise and

keeping warm

A balanced B sensitive C poor D unhealthy

8 Studies show that an active can reduce your chance of developing heart disease.

A life insurance B life cycle C lifestyle D life line

9 A hot bath will help relax sore .

A mouth B muscles C knees D elbows

10 I swim twice a week to try to fit.

A keep B make C consider D see

11 The best for a cold is to rest and drink lots of fluids.

A healing B treatment C herb D prevention

12 An active lifestyle has many health .

A care B issues C needs D benefit

13 Hercules was famous for his great .

A strength B weakness C effort D powerful

14 I don’t like tasks like washing and ironing.

A repeatedly B repeated C repetitive D replaceable

15 Professional footballers spend at least an hour every day in the gym.

A working out B working C to work D to work out

IV Fill in each blank in the passage with the correct word / phrase below There are three extra words.

treatment life expectancy childbirth lifestyle

behavior weaker sex diet deaths

Why Do Women Live Longer Than Men?

Women generally live about six years longer than men Evidence suggests that boys are the

16 at birth, which means that more die in infancy Also, women do not have as much heartdisease as men In terms of 17 , men smoke more than women, and thus more die ofsmoking-related diseases They drink more and are more aggressive in 18 , particularly indriving cars, so they are more likely to die in accidents Also, they generally have more dangerousoccupations, such as building work

Historically, women died in 19 and men in wars Now, childbearing is less risky and thereare fewer wars The country with the highest 20 is Japan, where the average age for men is

76 and for women is 82

V Some of the sentences are incorrect Rewrite them using the correct tense.

21 I’ve been to Ha Noi last year.

Stimulating and applying pressure to these reflexes on the feet is definitely pleasurable, but at the sametime it helps 30 good health

Due to urban 31 , most of us do not use the muscles of our feet properly Also, improperfootwear like tight shoes hamper normal circulation in the feet You can improve your blood circulationwith 10 minutes of daily foot massage This in turn will help 32 oxygen to the body’s cells,which is 33 for overall health

Certain points on the feet are helpful in alleviating symptoms of depression For instance, the spot in thecenter of the big toe, the spot at the center of the ball of your foot are associated withemotional 34 and mental health

One easy way to keep your feet healthy and free from all kinds of foot problems is a regular foot massage.

It helps stimulate the muscles around your feet, lessens stiffness and even 35 pain in theankles or the heels

26 A worked B made C practised D trained

27 A medicine B medicines C pills D substance

28 A bodies B organizations C organs D regions

29 A for B to C through D with

30 A raised B upgrade C stimulate D promote

31 A lifetime B lifestyles C life expectancy D life story

32 A transform B transfer C transport D transmit

33 A essential B available C care D suitable

34 A quality B stability C need D change

35 A kills B cures C rejects D reduces

VII Read the passage, and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D for each question.

Health Benefits of Yoga

Yoga is a healthy lifestyle One of the benefits of yoga is that you can choose a yoga style that is suitablefor your lifestyle, such as hot yoga, power yoga, relaxation yoga, etc If you are a yoga beginner, HathaYoga, which focuses on basic postures at a comfortable pace, would be great for you If you want toincrease strength through using more of your own body’s resistance, Power Yoga may be right for you.Whether you prefer you're at home, in a private session, watching a DVD or at a studio or gym, there are

a huge variety of options available to suit your goals and needs

Improved flexibility is one of the first and most obvious benefits of yoga During your first class, youprobably won’t be able to touch your toes But if you stick with it, you’ll notice a gradual loosening, andeventually, seemingly impossible poses will become possible Each of the yoga poses is built to reinforcethe muscles around the spine, the very center of your body, which is the core from which everything else

operates When the core is working properly, posture is improved, thus alleviating back, shoulder, and

neck pain

Strong muscles do more than look good They also protect US from conditions like arthritis and back pain,and help prevent falls in elderly people And when you build strength through yoga, you balance it withflexibility If you just went to the gym and lifted weights, you might build strength at the expense offlexibility

Yoga gets your blood flowing More specifically, the relaxation exercises you learn in yoga can help yourcirculation, especially in your hands and feet Yoga also gets more oxygen to your cells, which functionbetter as a result Twisting poses are thought to wring out venous blood from internal organs and allowoxygenated blood to flow in once the twist is released

Many studies found that a consistent yoga practice improved depression and led to greater levels ofhappiness and better immune function

36 Yoga is a very convenient type of exercise because

A we can watch a DVD at a studio or gym and follow it

B we can choose a yoga style that is suitable for our lifestyle

C we can choose Hatha Yoga to focus on basic postures or to increase strength

D there are a huge variety of options available for our private session

37 According to yoga’s principles, the spine is of great importance because

A when the spine is working properly, postures will become possible

B seemingly impossible poses will become possible

C it is the center of your body, from which other muscles operate

D we can avoid back, shoulder, and neck pain

38 In order to build strong muscles,

A we build strength with high expenses at the gym

B we don’t pay any attention to our appearance

C we should reinforce the muscles around the spine

D we can have strength with flexibility through yoga

39 Yoga can improve our circulation because

A it helps to provide more oxygen to cells or internal organs

B it helps us to perform twisting poses more easily

C we can have more relaxation exercises

D it helps to provide more blood to internal organs than others

40 The word “alleviating” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to .

A keeping B relieving C worsening D boosting

VIII Giving the instructions for dynamic triceps warm-up by putting the cues in the correct order and

using the words of sequence: to begin with, next, then, after that, finally Then report it to your

partner.

Dynamic Triceps Warm-up a Do the same movement with your palms facing backward, up, and down

b Do each movement for 30 seconds for two to three repetitions.

c Extend your arms straight out to the sides so they’re parallel to the floor with your palms facing down

d Turn your palms to face forward and pulse your arms back and forth

e Rotate your arms in backward circles, and then rotate your arms in forward circles.

50 Merry Christmas / best wishes / you / your family

_Nick

TEST 2 (UNIT 1)

I Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined.

1 A suffer B nutrient C muscle D jump

2 A organism B properly C antibiotic D doctor

3 A infection B bacteria C expectancy D recipe

II Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from the others.

4 A develop B energy C regular D exercise

5 A antibiotic B tuberculosis C vitalization D nutritionally

III Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentences.

6 It’s a good idea to stretch your after weight lifting.

A power B muscles C strength D movements

7 A fit body is crucial if you want a(n) mind.

A open B close C active D unconscious

8 Travel sickness is caused by the effect of movements.

A repeat B repeated C repeatedly D repetitive

9 A balanced means eating a selection of different foods, with no one type

predominating

A diet B view C coverage D approach

10 Sixty-year-old men who still smoke have a(n) of less than 12 years.

A life support B lifestyle C lifespan D expectation

11 Doctors are trying out a new treatment depression.

A to B for C about D with

12 Phong works in the gym two or three times a week.

A off B over C against D out

13 Is choosing to be green really an alternative ?

A lifestyle B lifelong C lifetime D lifeline

14 After the accident she had to riding and farming.

A refuse B bother C ignore D give up

15 There is nothing to prevent us going.

A off B against C from D to

IV Fill in each blank in the passage with the correct word / phrase below There are three extra words.

risk disorders well-being depression

hypertension relationship behaviors increases

Ikaria, Greece: Enjoy a Nap after Tea

Residents of this Greek island are three times as likely to reach age 90 than people in the U.S Living tononagenarian status may be more likely when you get some bonus sleep

In a study, among Ikarian elders who regularly nap in the middle of the day, none of them showedsymptoms of 16 , while many of the non-nappers did A broader study examining the

sleeping 17 of all Greeks found that those who catnapped for at least 30 minutes had a

37 percent lower 18 of dying from heart disease than those who didn’t

They also regularly enjoy herbal tea Traditional Greek teas include wild mint which fights stomach

19 ; rosemary for gout; and artemisia for blood circulation Many local teas also contain

mild substances that can treat 20 This may explain why Ikaria has half the rate of heart

disease compared to the rest of the region

V Some of the sentences are incorrect Rewrite them using the correct tense.

21 ‘Did you buy a present yet?’ - ‘No, not yet.’.

Highest Life Expectancy In The World

Longevity hot spots are located in regions of different countries where people commonly lead

26 _ lives past the age of 100 A blue zone is considered to be a ‘longevity oasis’ and thepeople who live there are believed to have the longest life expectancy on Earth

The longest living women were found in Okinawa, Japan Another blue zone was discovered in themountains of Sardinia, Italy where even men 27 _ the age of 100 at an amazing rate,another was discovered on the Nicoya Peninsula of Costa Rica in 2007 Only one of the blue zones islocated in the United States It was found when researchers who were staying in Loma Linda, Californiadiscovered they suffered from 28 _ of the diseases that commonly kill people in otherparts of the United States and throughout the developed world The final blue zone was found on anexpedition to the island of Ikaria, Greece where they have 50% lower rates of heart disease, 20% lesscancer, and 29 _ zero dementia - loss of memory

What's their secret formula for 30 _ another 10 healthy years? Scientists focused on theselongevity hot spots to answer that question and found that while it helps to have good genes, that's lessthan 30% of the equation If you adopt the right 31 _, they concluded the other 70% can

be up to us Other 32 _ the people living in the blue zones have in common include lessstress and more 33 _, strong 34 _ on family, a fresh natural plant-baseddiet, very little red meat and daily exercise Leading their lives with a sense of 35 _ was abig factor It ensures they look forward to getting up in the morning

26 A act B acting C active D actively

27 A get B reach C come D become

28 A bits B pieces C a piece D a fraction

29 A almost B quite C hardly D about

30 A making B adding C bringing D supplying

31 A remedy B behaviour C lifestyle D medicine

32 A traits B types C tracks D problems

33 A sociable B social C society D socializing

34 A pressure B effect C emphasis D influence

35 A value B meaning C determination D purpose

VII Read the passage, and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D for each question.

Acupuncture

Acupuncture involves the insertion of very thin needles through the patient's skin at specific points on thebody, and the needles are inserted to various depths The medical community is not in conclusiveagreement about how acupuncture works scientifically However, we know that it does have sometherapeutic benefits, including pain relief

According to WHO, acupuncture is effective for treating 28 conditions, while evidence indicates it mayhave an effective therapeutic value for many more People with tension, headaches or migraines may findacupuncture to be very effective in alleviating their symptoms Another study found that twice weeklyacupuncture treatments relieve debilitating symptoms of zerostomia - severe dry mouth - among patientstreated with head and neck cancer.

Traditional Chinese medicine explains that health is the result of a harmonious balance of the

complementary extremes of yin and yang of the life force known as chi or qi Qi is said to flow through

pathways in the human body Through 350 acupuncture points in the body, these pathways and energyflows may be accessed Illness is said to be the consequence of an imbalance of the forces If needles areinserted into these points with appropriate combinations, it is said that the energy flow can be broughtback into proper balance

In Western societies and several other parts of the world, acupuncture is explained, including concepts ofneuroscience Acupuncture points are seen by Western practitioners as places where nerves, muscles andconnective tissue can be stimulated Acupuncture practitioners say that the stimulation increases blood

flow while at the same time triggering the activity of our own body's natural painkillers.

36 In acupuncture, the insertion of the very thin needles involves with _

A the thinness of needles and skin

B therapeutic benefits of pain relief

C agreement from scientists D the locations, and the depths

37 It is thought that acupuncture is effective in treating all of the following symptoms EXCEPT .

A headaches B cancer C migraines D nervousness

38 With the practice of acupuncture, it is believed that _

A the energy flow can be brought back to patients

B energy can go through acupuncture points in the body

C patients can get proper balance between yin and yang

D illness causes the imbalance of qi throughout the body

39 According to Western medicine, the insertion of needles through acupuncture points in the body may

_

A increase blood flow and stimulate our instinct of pain relief

B stimulate the effect of painkillers in our bodies for treatment

C be used only in China and the Far East not the Western countries

D help to explain where nerves and muscles can be stimulated

40 The word ‘triggering’ in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to _

A causing a device to start operating

B causing something to explode

C making something happen suddenly D making something develop very quickly

VIII Giving the instructions for doing squat by putting the cues in the correct order and using the words

of sequence: first, to begin with, next, then, after that, finally Then report it to your partner The first

one has been done for you.

_ c Look straight ahead; keep your back straight; breathe in and start bending your knees,

_ d Breathe out and start getting back up until your legs straight.

_ e Keep your arms in front of you and look straight Hold this pose for 3 seconds.

41 To begin with,

_

42

IX Use the words or phrases given to write meaningful sentences.

How You Can Keep Your Teeth Healthy

46 you / brush / teeth / at least twice / breakfast / and / bedtime

47 all / teeth / brushed / not only / front ones / but / the sides / in the back

48 the dentist / your parents / show you / best way / get your teeth / clean / damaging/ your gums

49 make sure / your toothbrush / soft bristles / and some toothbrushes / come / bristles / that change /

colour / when / it / time/ change them

50 you also / need / be careful / what / you / eat and drink / eat / lots / fruits / vegetables / drink water /

instead / soda

1 We don’t live with our grandparents We’re a nuclear family

2 Haven’t you noticed any differences between the generations? No, I haven’t.

3 He’s left, and she’s gone to work, too.

4 They’re only in their 40s, and they’re quite open to new ways of thinking.

5 Where doesn’t Mai’s mother allow her to wear tight jeans?

6 Can’t teenagers learn a lot of useful knowledge through online lessons?

7 I don’t cook so often, but I’ve helped my dad fix electrical devices.

8 Parents don’t need to control their children - this can’t bring any benefits

9 Parent shouldn’t limit their children’s screen time because they’re old enough

10 They’ve made big success because they’ve got supportive parents.

B Vocabulary

• Words and phrases related to the generational differences

I Complete the sentences with the words given.

social suit culture gap lifestyle characteristics choice influence historical conflict view traditional

1 My mum’s _ of the situation was different to me

2 He had several _ which made him different to the rest of his family.

3 Group play helps children develop _ skills.

4 He called for a return to _ values.

5 The building is of _ importance.

6 He admired the simple _ of the islanders.

7 Do TV programmes _ children’s behaviour?

8 When writing emails, most people vary the style to _ the circumstances.

9 Scientists are considering the widening _ between the rich and the poor.

10 Students have an entirely free _ of what to study at university.

11 In our _, it is rude to ask someone how much they earn.

12 There are various techniques you can use to try and avoid family _.

II Complete the sentences with the verbs given in the correct form.

common traditional prepared cultural generational

social curious creative critical historical

1 People must accept each other’s _ differences

2 Luckily, we were all _ for the storm.

3 Exercise classes are a good way to keep fit and improve your _ life.

4 Personal computers are nearly as _ in American homes as televisions.

5 One of the greatest _ figures of all times is Alexander the Great.

6 Her shouting attracted some _ glances from other people in the restaurant

7 Students are encouraged to develop _ thinking instead of accepting opinions without

questioning them

8 It’s _ in America to eat turkey on Thanksgiving Day.

9 There is often a _ conflict in an extended family.

10 Children should be allowed to develop their _ as well as their academic abilities III Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs given.

suit rely on force accept experiment

achieve share hire grow up practise

1 Businesses may only _ foreign workers while an American cannot be found.

2 He wanted to _ more with different textures in his paintings.

3 Quang has _ considerable success as an artist.

4 They are _ a new sound system for the show.

5 The building has been adapted to _ the needs of older people.

6 Several factors are likely to _ this decision.

7 What do you want to be when you _?

8 Many working women _ relatives to help take care of their children.

9 He’s not going to change, and you just have to _ it.

10 Do you _ your religion in the new country?

11 Bad health _ him into taking early retirement

12 Think of this advertisement as an opportunity to _ your experiences

IV Fill in each blank with the correct word from the box There are two extra words.

stressed behave fun safe easier

encouragement skills closer precious values

The benefits of family management also include:

- bringing family members 1 _ together

- making it 2 _ for grown-ups and children to talk

- making everyone more organised and less 3 _

- making the most of 4 _ time and finances

- helping adults deal with the way children 5 _

- providing a way of passing on your family 6 _

- helping children develop important social 7 _ for life

- helping your family find more time to have 8 _ together

V Fill in each blank in the following sentences with the correct word given.

respectful babysitter burden siblings impose

scene attitude values peacemaker mature

1 Research shows that rituals can strengthen your family’s _ and help pass them on to

your children

2 Children object to the fact that parents try to _ curfews and set time aside for

studying sessions

3 A generation gap is usually defined as the difference in values, _ and behavior

between one generation and the next

4 No hurting anyone’s feelings or body, and asking permission to borrow other people’s belongings are

examples of _ behavior

5 As children get older and more _, the rules can develop with them.

6 If household chores are shared, the _ is lighter on everyone.

7 Rap music appeared on the _ in the early 1980s

8 A _ is a person who tries to persuade people to stop arguing or fighting.

9 A _ is a person who takes care of babies or children while their parents are away from

home

10 I have three _: two brothers and a sister.

VI Choose the correct words to complete the text.

The Generation Gap

The older generation often complain that today’s teenagers are very different 1 _ young

people in the 1970s In the past, teenagers used to be more polite 2 _ the older

generation They were keen 3 _ books and outdoor activities as well Today, adults oftencomplain that modem teens aren’t as polite They say teens aren’t interested 4 _ booksand they get bored 5 _ things very quickly They’re just crazy 6 _ texting

1 A for B from C about

VII Fill in each blank in the essay about extended families with ONE suitable word.

Families are the most important parts of our society If the families in a community are strong, it meansthis community is much more 1 _ In my opinion, having extended families to live

together is the best for some reasons

First of all, if you live in an extended family, it means there are always some people 2 _are willing to help you whenever you need It is very beneficial if you are in a bad situation For instance,one of my friends lives with his grandfather He had a terrible accident last week and his grandfather, whohas been retired, looked 3 _ him all week This experience 4 _ me thinkthat, extended families are good for everyone when they need help

Moreover, living in an extended family 5 _ an amazing opportunity to spend timetogether When your relatives live far away from each other, therefore, you can see each other only onholidays If you live with your extended family, you will have a 6 _ to spend more timewith them

Furthermore, it is good to live in extended families to share the house expenses If you live in a city, youmust pay rent, gas and electricity 7 _ as well as for credit cards etc It is really hard topay them alone, but if you live with your extended family it means, you can share all the expenses

In conclusion, living in an extended family brings a lot of 8 _ Members in extended

families can help each other and have a(n) 9 _ to see each other Because of all thesereasons, it is better to live in an extended family than in a(n) 10 _ family

• Prepositions

1 The children were arguing _ which TV programme to watch

2 Television can have a positive influence _ young people.

3 It is absolutely critical _ us to know the truth.

4 Journalists were _ the scene within minutes.

5 Your view _ these things changes as you get older.

6 Many people now rely _ the Internet for news.

7 He was curious _ how she would react.

8 I have the greatest respect _ her work.

9 Researchers found a number of important differences _ the way boys and girls learn.

10 These societies have to change their attitudes _ women.

11 Hoa is completely different _ her sister.

12 The children are finding it hard to adapt _ the new school

C Grammar

• Modal verbs: must, have to and should

I Complete the sentences with should or shouldn’t.

1 You _ go to bed early when you go to school the next day.

2 You _ eat a lot of fast food - it’s bad for you.

3 You _ find someone to ask about your homework.

4 The teacher is annoyed with Quan - he _ behave better in class.

5 I _ really play these computer games - they are a waste of time.

6 We _ make a reservation at the restaurant for your birthday dinner.

II You are having dinner with people you don’t know well Which of the things below should you do and which shouldn’t you do in your culture?

1 You _ speak with your mouth full

2 You _ wait for the others before you start eating.

3 You _ eat with your fingers.

4 You _ make a noise when you drink something.

5 You _ use a spoon for soup.

6 You _ put your chopsticks and spoons on the plate when you finish.

III Choose the correct modal verb to complete the sentences.

1 In a park, you (must / mustn’t) _ walk on the grass

2 On a bus, you (must / mustn’t) _ talk to the driver.

3 In a library, students (may / must) _ borrow up to six books

4 In an exam, students (must / mustn’t) _ answer all the questions.

5 To ride a motorbike, students (must / have to) _ be over 16 years old.

6 In a hotel, guests (must / have to) _ use the exit only in an emergency.

IV Complete the sentences with the correct form of must, have to or should Use the information in

brackets to help you.

1 Phong _ write three one-thousand-word essays for his course (It’s necessary.)

2 We _ tidy up the house Mum will be home soon (It’s a good idea.)

3 You _ park here You’ll get a fine, (obligation not to do this)

4 You _ pay for children They can come in for free (It isn’t necessary.)

5 The sign says you _ keep your dog on a lead (It’s necessary.)

6 You _ smoke anywhere in the building It isn’t allowed, (obligation not to do this)

7 You _ wear a helmet when you ride your motorbike It’s the law (It’s necessary.)

8 Do children _ go to school on Saturdays? (Is it necessary?)

9 You _ wear jeans to a job interview (It isn’t a good idea.)

10 You _ pay for the coffee It’s free (It isn’t necessary.)

V Complete the sentences with the phrases below.

must be must study must wear mustn’t eat

mustn’t run mustn’t wear should arrive shouldn’t bring

1 Girls _ skirts and black shoes.

2 Boys _ long hair

3 Morning classes start at 7.00 am Students _ at school by 6.50 am if possible.

4 You _ inside school It’s dangerous Please walk everywhere.

5 You _ anything in the classrooms Please have your lunch in the canteen or outside.

6 Students _ polite to teachers all the time.

7 All students _ Vietnamese literature, maths and English These subjects are

compulsory

8 You _ expensive things like cameras to school Please leave them at home.

VI Read the dialogue, and complete the sentences to give advice about how Nick should behave towards his grandad in future.

Grandad: Hi Nick What are you looking at there?

Nick: Hey Grandad I just got this email from someone who says I’ve won first prize in a competition - isn’t

that great?

Grandad: Congratulations! What was the competition?

Nick: Well, I haven’t entered any competitions But it says I’ve won, so maybe I was entered for a

competition automatically

Grandad: Hmm I wouldn’t be so sure Have you read the email carefully?

Nick: Yes - it says all I need to do is send some money to get the prize and it’s mine.

Grandad: That doesn’t sound right to me If I were you, I’d read the email again.

Nick: Why? It’s simple - I just send some money to get the prize, and then they’ll send it.

Grandad: Yes, but you should check out the company - I think it’s a trick They get you to send money and

they don’t send the prize

Nick: Don’t be silly, Grandad They wouldn’t do that.

Grandad: How do you know, Nick? You don’t know this company, and if you haven’t entered a

competition, why would they contact you? You should be careful about emails from people you don’tknow

Nick: Oh, Grandad, you’re so old-fashioned - you didn’t have email when you were young I know what

I’m doing, trust me I know far more about the internet than you do

He should _

He shouldn’t _

VII Ann is still at school Her brother, Ed, left school last year Complete the conversation with have

to or don't have to and the verbs in the box.

worry get up write try

Ann: You’re so lucky! You 1 early every day and go to school

Ed: Yes, I know, but now I 2 a job

Ann: That’s not so bad At least you 3 homework every night

Ed: Right, but I 4 application letters and make lots of phone calls It’s boring!

Ann: Not as boring as school! And you 5 a horrible uniform!

Ed: Well, no, but I 6 smart clothes when I go to a job interview

Ann: Hmm But you 7 the teacher’s questions all day

Ed: What about the questions at the interview? I 8 to answer those.

Ann: OK, but you 9 about the exams

Ed: Well, I 10 good at my job all week, or my boss dismiss me!

D Reading

• Different generations & The generation gap

I Read the text and do the tasks that follow.

GRANDPARENTS = GRAND PEOPLE

Last month we asked you to send us your ideas about grandparents We received some very interestinganswers Some of you describe your grandparents as friends They are the people you talk to when youhave to talk to an adult, but you don’t want to talk to your mum or dad They help you, they’re there foryou and they don’t disagree with you But there are a few of you who have grandparents who live in

different towns, or even abroad, and so you don’t see them very often.

Grandparents are special people and we love ours! Here's what you say Giuliana Ross, Canada

I love everyone in my family, but my grandma is really special for me She lives a few streets away from

us, so when I want to be on my own, I usually walk to her house She doesn’t ask questions I love that

We do lots of things together, too, like making food, which we enjoy At the moment, she’s teaching me

to make her favourite dish, which her grandmother taught her It’s quite hard to do, but I love sharing moments with her It’s special.

Andy Davidson, USA

I love my granddad! He’s just the best - he can keep a secret; he helps me and he’s usually funny Wehave lots of fun, and we have lots in common We both enjoy going climbing My granddad is really good

at that - no one realises that he’s in his sixties.

Boris Sanneh, UK

My grandparents live in another country They visit us about every three years, but it’s hard because wedon’t really know what to talk about They ask about school and things like that That’s usually the firstweek By the second week though, things are a bit better and it’s more ‘natural’ When my sister and I

were younger, they visited more often and I remembered Grandpa doing silly things, like making faces when Mum wasn’t looking He still does that sometimes But now that they are older, I’d like them

to live closer

Task 1 Are these sentences true (T) or false (F)?

1 All of the readers get on with their grandparents _

2 Giuliana’s grandmother lives in a different town _

3 Giuliana shares an interest with her grandmother _

4 Giuliana’s grandmother is teaching her to cook a dish she invented _

5 Andy’s granddad is good at sports _

6 Andy’s and Boris’s granddads make them laugh _

7 Boris’s grandfather is a serious man _

8 Boris’s grandparents don’t visit as often as they did _

Task 2 Match the words in bold in the text to their meanings.

1 small and not important

2 doing things with your face that make people laugh

3 in or to a foreign country

4 having a thing, experience or emotion at the time as someone else

5 notices or understand something

6 food prepared as part of a meal

Task 3 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words from Task 2.

1 This smells delicious! Yum!

2 Stop being ! It’s not funny.

3 I love music and videos on Facebook with my friends.

4 She’s so funny when she .

5 David and his family always go in the summer.

6 They didn’t the train was at noon.

II Read the blog, and do the tasks that follow.

Teen Advice Blog: Share your worries and opinions with other teens.

Zoe: Posted yesterday at 17:10

Madonna Fan Mother

My problem is my mum! She’s really nice and I get on well with her I sometimes argue with her aboutlittle things, but nothing important All my friends love her - she’s great fun When she was at my age,Madonna was really popular and Mum was a fan - she wore miniskirts and leggings, lots of jewellery, anddyed her hair blond I think she wanted to be Madonna! She was only sixteen, so it was okay However,

she still wears leggings and short denim skirts now, and I can’t stand it She even uploads photos of herself onto her homepage, so all my online friends can see her What can I do?

Benny: Posted today at 13:21

You’re lucky to have a cool mum - my mum is so conservative She wears baggy jeans, and long skirts, andshe never wears jewellery Although she’s only thirty-seven, everybody thinks she’s older because herclothes are old-fashioned One friend even thought she was my grandmother! Your mum should give mymum some fashion advice!

Jolie: Posted today at 11:10

I agree with you, Zoe My problem is my father He loves T-shirts with bad slogans like, “This is what a cooldad looks like.”

JJR: Posted today at 7:45

I think your mum’s cool But why are you friends with her online??!!?? She’s your mother, not your

friend!

Zoe: Posted today at 21:01

My mum got me a fantastic new laptop for my birthday, so when she wanted to be my online friend, I couldn’t say no! Sometimes, she’s at work and I’m at home, and she wants to have a real-time chat with

me online! I just go offline I love chatting to my friends, but I can chat to Mum when I get home.

Ross: Posted yesterday at 17:26

Zoe, your mum wants to stay young, and why not? Her generation wore denim miniskirts before ourgeneration You say she’s great fun - that’s more important than the clothes she wears Most parentsdon’t understand the virtual world, but you’re lucky - your mother has a homepage and knows how to use

it I think that’s great

Task 1 What is Zoe’s problem? Circle the correct answer.

A She thinks her mother looks like Madonna.

B She wants a new laptop.

C She doesn’t like her mother’s clothes.

Task 2 Match the words in bold in the text with the definitions below.

1 : a portable computer

2 : connected to the Net

3 : the first page on a website

4 : disconnected from the Net

5 : put something on the Net

6 : in the present

Task 3 Read the blog again Are the sentences true (T) or false (F)?

1 Zoe’s friends get on well with her mother _

2 Zoe’s mother wears normal clothes for her age _

3 Benny’s mother looks old for her age _

4 Jolie’s father likes slogans _

5 JJR thinks it’s okay for Zoe to be online friends with her mother _

6 Zoe likes chatting to her mother online _

7 Zoe couldn’t say ‘no’ to her mother’s offer to be her online friend due to her new laptop _

8 Ross thinks Zoe’s mother is different from most other mothers _

III Read the text and do the tasks that follow

BRIDGING THE GENERATION GAP

with empathy

A One of the most important jobs parents have is to teach children if© about the world and how to

live successfully However, every generation grows up in a world different from their parents’ Thisoften leads to young people feeling that their parents don’t qi understand them, and to parentsfeeling that their kids’ values are wrong This difference in attitudes and lack of understanding iscalled the generation gap

B The effect of the generation gap on families is obvious: parents and children frequently disagree

about everything from clothes to music to careers But the generation gap can also be felt in theworkplace As young employees enter companies, they may have completely differentexpectations from the older generation working in the company Ideas about work-life balance,what makes a ‘good’ job, and how managers and employees should talk to each other may be verydifferent This can lead to frustration for everyone

C But does it have to be this way? While it seems obvious to think of your own generation as ‘us’ and

the other generations as ‘them’, if we redefine ‘us’ as ‘our family’ or ‘our company’, then we cansee both generations as being on the same side - playing for the same team And if we then trulylisten to the people around us - older and younger - with empathy, we can begin to accept thatour differences may make us stronger as a team This means, of course, we also expect parents tolearn from their children

D That doesn’t mean that parents need to adopt their kids’ dress sense or listen to their music, but it

does mean that parents may need to learn more about the role of technology - for example, socialmedia - in their kids’ lives, and possibly even to try it for themselves before they criticize it

E Here are three tips for bridging the generation gap:

• Get to know other generations Try to socialize with people who are both younger and olderthan you

• Learn to really listen and not just think about what you’re going to say next

• Remember: You can learn from anyone, whether they’re older or younger than you

F The generation gap isn’t going to go away, because the world won’t stop changing But if we start to

think of it as a source of learning and growth rather than just a conflict, we may make the world abetter place for everyone

Task 1 Decide whether the sentences are true (T) or false (F), and correct the false ones.

1 The author wrote the text to explore the generation gap and problems it can cause, and to suggest a

possible solution

2 The main idea is that it is almost impossible for people from different generations to understand one

another

3 The text doesn’t inform or teach US, because its purpose is to persuade and influence.

_

_

Task 2 Read the text again Match each statement 1-6 to the paragraphs A-F that gives the information.

1 The writer suggests a change in thinking: choosing to see other generations as working with you rather

than against you _

2 It’s a good idea to get to know people who aren’t your age, and to hear what they think _

3 The generation gap is the difference between the way older and younger people see the world.

_

4 The generation gap affects people in their job because it means that people of different ages working

together may have very different opinions _

5 The generation gap isn’t necessarily just a problem; it can also be a great opportunity for learning.

_

6 Parents should learn about their children’s world and not just say they don’t like it _ Task 3 Which statement gives the best conclusion of the text?

a Learning and change are both easier for younger people

b Technology often causes conflict between young and old.

c Differences can be good if we take time to understand them.

IV Read the text and do the tasks that follow.

SMART SCREENS?

How much screen time do you allow your children? This has become one of the most challenging issues ofmodem parenting Most experts are in agreement that screen time should be limited and warn againstallowing children to spend too long in front of a screen However, it’s not always so easy to follow theiradvice Clearly, children can’t see the potential harm that an excessive amount of time spent in front of ascreen might do Furthermore, peer pressure means that they feel unfairly disadvantaged when theirparents say they must switch their electronic devices off, which in turn often leads to stressful familysituations It’s easy to see why so many parents give in and let their children look at screens for far toolong Unfortunately, this quick and simple solution creates greater problems in the long term, such as thenegative effects on attention span, fitness levels and mood, as children become more and more irritableafter being exposed to so much screen time Of course, this is a situation that has been with US sincepopularization of TV in the 1960s; it’s just with the predominance of screen in modem life, it’s become alot more serious

Task 1 Choose another suitable title for the text among those below There are three extra titles that you do not need.

A The consequences of 24-hour availability

B It’s a rich person’s world

C Parents need to establish limits

D Fewer screens, better lives

Task 2 Which of the following cues does the text talk about? There are two extra ones that you do not need.

a the harm screens can do even when we’re not watching them

b the effects of screen time on the family