UNIT 2 THE GENERATION GAP VOCABULARY 1 Generation gap /dʒenə''''rei∫n gæp / khoản cách giữa các thế hệ 2 Adapt /ə''''dæpt/ (n) làm cho hợp với, sửa cho hợp với 3 Argument /''''ɑ gjʊmənt/ (n) sự tranh luận, sự[.]
Trang 1UNIT 2 THE GENERATION GAPVOCABULARY
1 Generation gap /dʒenə'rei∫n gæp / khoản cách giữa các thế hệ
2 Adapt /ə'dæpt/ (n): làm cho hợp với, sửa cho hợp với
3 Argument /'ɑ:gjʊmənt/ (n): sự tranh luận, sự bàn cãi = dispute (n)
4 Characteristic /,kærəktə'ristik/ (a):đặc thù, đặc trưng, riêng = typical
5 Conflict /kən'flikt /(n): sự mâu thuẫn, sự đối lập = discord /'diskɔ:/ Apple of discord : mối bất hòa
6 Curious /'kjʊəriəs/(a): ham hiểu biết; tò mò, hiếu kỳ
7 Digital native /'didʒitl 'neitiv / người được sinh ra ở thời đại công nghệ và Internet
8 Experience /ik'spiəriəns (v,n): trải nghiệm
9 Extended family : gia đình đa thế hệ, đại gia đình
# Nuclear family /'nju:kliə[r]/ /'nu:kliər/ : gia đình hạt nhân, gia đình nhỏ gồm 1-2 thế hệ
10 Freedom /'fri:dəm/ sự tự do; quyền tự do
11 Hire /'haiə[r]/ thuê, mướn =recruit = employ
12 Honesty /'ɒnisti/tính trung thực, tính chân thật
in all honesty: thành thực mà nói
13 Individualism /,indi'vidʒʊəlizəm/ chủ nghĩa cá nhân
14 Influence /'inflʊəns/ (v) gây ảnh hưởng =impact =affect
15 Limit /'limit/ giới hạn
limitation /limi'tei∫n/ sự hạn chế, sự giới hạn, mặt hạn chế, nhược điểm
within limits: trong chừng mực nào đó, có mức độ # without limits: không có giới hạn, tha hồ
16 Screen time : thời gian sử dụng thiết bị điện tử
17 Social media: phương tiện truyền thông mạng xã hội
18 Value /'vælju:/ (n,v): giá trị, coi trọng
19 View (n) quan điểm = point of view = viewpoint= perspective
20 Bridge the gap /brɪdʒ ðə gæp/ (idiom): giảm thiểu sự khác biệt
21 Curfew/'kə:fju:/ (n.) lệnh giới nghiêm
22 Attitude /'ætɪtju:d/ towards (n.) thái độ
23 Burden /'bɜ:dn/ (n.) gánh nặng
24 Mature /mə'tʃʊə(r)/ (a) trưởng thành, chín chắn = old enough
25 Norm /nɔ:m/ (n.) chuẩn mực
26 Obey /ə'beɪ/(v.) vâng lời, tuân thủ obedience (n)
27 Financial burden /faɪ'nænʃ1 'bɜ:dən/ (compound n.) gánh nặng tài chính
28 Follow in one's footsteps /'fɒləʊ ɪn wʌnz 'fʊtsteps/ (idiom) theo bước, nối nghiệp
Trang 229 Multi-generational /ˈmʌlti ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃənl/ (a) đa thế hệ, nhiều thế hệ
30 Objection /əbˈdʒekʃən/ (n.) sự phản kháng
object to + ving
31 Open-minded /ˈəʊpən ˈmaɪndɪd/(a) cởi mở
32 Impose (on sb) /ɪm'pəʊz/ (v phr.) áp đặt cái gì vào ai
33 Elegant /'elɪgənt/ (a) thanh lịch, tao nhã
34 Flashy /'flæʃi/ (a) diện, hào nhoáng
GRAMMAR REVIEW
Modal Verbs: Must vs Have to, Should vs Ought to
I Giới thiệu chung về động từ khuyết thiếu
1 Cách sử dụng
Động từ khuyết thiếu được dùng để nêu lên khả năng thực hiện hành động, sự bắt buộc, khả năng xảy ra của
sự việc, vv
2 Hình thức
- Theo sau chủ ngữ và đứng trước động từ nguyên thể không có “to”
- Không chia theo chủ ngữ (trừ trường hợp “have to”)
- Thêm “not” phía sau khi ở dạng phủ định (trừ trường hợp “have to”)
Ví dụ: I must go (Tôi phải đi rồi.)
He should not disturb her now (Anh ta không nên làm phiền cô ấy lúc này.)
II So sánh must và have to
1 Dạng khẳng định
Must: Diễn tả sự cần thiết hay bắt buộc mang tính chủ quan (do người nói quyết định)
S+ must + V
Ví dụ: I must finish the exercises (Tôi phải hoàn thành bài tập.)
Tình huống: I’m going to have a party (Tôi có ý định đi dự tiệc.)
Have to: Diễn tả ý bắt buộc mang tính khách quan (do luật lệ, quy tắc hay người khác quyết định) S+ have to/ has to/ had to/ + V
Ví dụ: I have to finish the exercises (Tôi phải hoàn thành bài tập.)
Tình huống: Tomorrow is the deadline (Ngày mai là hạn cuối.)
2 Dạng phủ định
Must not: Diễn tả ý cấm đoán
S+ must not (mustn't) + V
Ví dụ: You must not eat that (Bạn không được phép ăn cái đó.)
Tình huống: It's already stale (Nó đã bị thiu rồi.)
Trang 3 Not have to: Diễn tả ý không cần phải làm gì
S+ do not (don't)/ does not (doesn't) did not (didn't)/ will not (won't)/ + have to + V
Ví dụ: You do not have to eat that (Bạn không cần phải ăn thứ đó.)
Tình huống: I can see you dislike that (Mình có thể thấy rằng bạn không thích nó.)
III So sánh should và ought to
S+ should not (shouldn't) + V
S+ ought not to (oughtn't to) + V
Ví dụ: Mrs Smith shouldn't keep complaining (Bà Smith không nên tiếp tục phàn nàn nữa.)
Mrs Smith oughtn't to keep complaining (Bà Smith không nên tiếp tục phàn nàn nữa.)
Lưu ý: Dạng thức phủ định của “ought to” không được sử dụng phổ biến bằng dạng thức phủ định của
“should”
1.3 Dạng nghi vấn:
Should +S+V
Ought + S + to + V
Ví dụ: Should we care about the environment? (Chúng ta có nên quan tâm tới môi trường không?)
Ought we to care about the environment? (Chúng ta có nên quan tâm tới môi trường không?)
Lưu ý: Dạng thức nghi vấn của “ought to” không được sử dụng phổ biến bằng dạng thức nghi vấn của
“should”
2 Cách sử dụng
2.1 Điểm giống: Cả “should” và “ought to” được sử dụng khi hỏi và đưa ra lời khuyên hoặc gợi ý
Ví dụ: You should learn English every day (Bạn nên học tiếng Anh hàng ngày.)
You ought to learn English every day (Bạn nên học tiếng Anh hàng ngày.)
2.2 Điểm khác: Giữa “should” và “ought to” có sự khác biệt nhỏ trong sắc thái của lời khuyên
Dùng cho lời khuyến mang tính chủ quan, thể hiện
quan điểm cá nhân của người nói
Dùng với những lời khuyên mang yếu tố khách quan, tức là có sự tác động của ngoại cảnh như luật lệ, bổn phận hay quy tắc
Ví dụ: Linda should go to bed early Ví dụ: Emily ought to finish the report by 10 a.m
Trang 4(Linda nên đi ngủ sớm.) (Emily nên hoàn thành bản báo cáo trước 10 giờ
sáng.)
PHONETICS
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of the primary stress in each of the following questions.
8 A generational B interpersonal C discriminative D educational
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
6 A chemist B change C child D cheap
7 A cooks B loves C joins D spends
8 A advises B raises C devises D goes
9 A teacher B children C chore D school
10.A hurry B under C pressure D rush
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions
1 Although Mark is 25 years old, he always assists his mother to do the chores every day
2 Your table manners are awful - don't you know how to use a knife and fork?
3 When their children are teenagers, many parents struggle to comprehend what's happening to them
Trang 5A adults B elders C adolescents D genders
4 Having a large extended family makes a number of problems inevitable.
5 Now that Jean’s got a job, she’s financially independent
A self-collected B self-confident C self-confessed D self-determining
6 My mom inaccurately believes that my fashion style violates societal norms.
7 Because of its geographical position, Germany's perspective on the situation in Russia is very different
from Washington's
8 He's expensive, but not all his clients live flashily.
A plentifully B ostentatiously C comfortably D fashionably
9 Incidents of armed robbery have increased over the last few years
10 I am really sad because conflict occurs constantly among generations in my extended family.
11 I didn't go to work this morning I stayed at home due to the morning rain.
A thanks to B on account of C in spite of D in addition to
12 Since the death of Laura's father, her mother has become a breadwinner to support the family.
A a person who bakes bread every morning
B a person who goes out to work to earn money
C a bakery-owner
D a person who delivers bread to make money
13 Could you take care of our children while I go away?
14 Domestic chores will no longer be a burden thanks to the inventions of laborsaving devices.
15 She was brought up in a well-off family She can’t understand the problems we are facing.
Exercise 4 Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions
1 Having an extended family, however, did not always guarantee a role.
A close family B traditional family C nuclear family D large family
2 Doctors these days tend to be more open-minded about alternative medicine.
3 Domestic violence must be strictly banned all around the world.
Trang 6A permitted B limited C restricted D forbidden
4 Jane found herself in conflict with her parents over her future career.
A disagreement B harmony C controversy D combat
5 My children's noise is interfering with my ability to concentrate on my work.
6 Older people tend to be more conservative and a bit suspicious of anything new.
7 Eventually, I make the decision to follow in my father's footsteps and work for a state-owned enterprise.
A private-owned B public limited C privately-owned D government-owned
8 When my parents are away on business, my grandmother usually looks after us.
9 We hold my teacher in great respect for all of the wonderful things she has given us.
A look up to B look forwards to C look back on D look down on
10 I regretted not purchasing those trendy shoes due to a lack of funds.
A insufficiency B abundance C scarcity D inadequacy
11 We arrived home safe and sound
12 Never punish your children by hitting them This might teach them to become hitters.
13 She denied having stolen his mother's money.
14 Satish’s point of view was correct but his behavior with his father was quite impertinent.
15 The power failure at dinnertime caused consternation among the city’s housewisves.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
1 In Viet Nam, most parents expect their children to help them with the chores
2 Living in three- or four-generational families, commonly referred to as " _ families," has both benefits and drawbacks
3 Many teenagers do not like it when their parents impose their decision them
4 The advantages of the new method really the disadvantages
Trang 75 I have a 11 p.m If I went back home after that, I'd be in trouble.
6 Parents should be by offering guidance to kids without forcing their decisions on them
A like-minded B narrow-minded C open-minded D absent-minded
7 Sam takes great in expressing her parents' compassion while conversing
8 Lots of teenagers are so stubborn and refuse to their parents' advice
9 An important rule in Tim's family is that they have to pay visits to their grandparents in the countryside
10 Mr John is an engineer and expects his son to follow his footsteps
11 I live in a/an in the coastal region with my parents and my older sister
A extended family B nuclear family C extended house D nuclear house
12 One advantage of living in a/an is to improve the interaction between children and adults
A nuclear family B nuclear house C extended family D extended house
13 In my opinion, family members are responsible for
14 My grandpa is the most conservative person in my family He never about way of life
A gives his opinion B changes his mind C gives his view D keeps in mind
15 After graduating from university, I want to my father's footsteps
16 In a nuclear family, both mother and father have responsibility for housekeeping and
17 Four generations living in the same roof will have different of lifestyle
18 Luckily, my parents are always willing to listen to my new ideas They're very
A narrow-minded B open-minded C elegant D careful
19 My father me from going home after 9 p.m at night
20 Anna often dresses when going to the parties in order to attract her friends' attention
21 We're surprised by Joe's every Monday He does so at least four times per month
Trang 8A hairstyle B lifestyle C viewpoint D manner
22 I rarely eat and drink because they're not food for health
A snack/energy drink B fast food/juice C fruit/alcoholic drink D junk food/soft drink
23 Generation is the difference in the thoughts and viewpoints amongst generations living together
24 I was tired and couldn't on doing my research project properly
25 My parents don't let me get married until I graduate from university and they never their mind about that
26 The arises when Jack and his parents have considerable disagreement on his choice of university
27 I do morning exercise and play volleyball regularly so as to keep and be healthier
28 Since the family law was implemented, domestic violence has been a rare in this area
29 My father used to a lot of challenges before establishing his own insurance company
30 I wish I could do something to reduce financial on my parents
31 Parents often claim that and soft drinks are not good for their children's health
A soft foods B junk foods C table foods D school foods
32 Open communication among parents and children can help create trust
33 Many children do not like it when their parents them like little kids
34 Conflicts may when parents and children do not share the same interests in music or arts
35 To many children, playing computer games is a form of
36 Tina considers herself lucky when her parents are quite sympathetic her and offer her valuable advice
Trang 937 It is parents' duty and responsibility to _ hands to tae care of their children and give them a happy home.
38 You are old enough to take _ for what you have done in some possible situations
A responsible B responsibility C responsibly D irresponsible
39 He was looking at his parents _, waiting for recommendations
40 The interviews with parents showed that the vast majority were _ of teachers
GRAMMAR
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions
1 All students wear uniforms at school because it is a rule
2 You finish your homework before you go to bed
3 This drink isn't beneficial for health You drink it too much
A should B ought to not C ought not to D mustn't
4 This warning sign indicates that you step on the grass
A shouldn't B mustn't C don't have to D ought not to
5 I think you do exercise regularly in order to keep your body in good shape
6 I will lend you some money, but you pay it back to me next week
7 Hoa feed the cats because her mother has done it already
8 Those audiences show their tickets before entering the concert hall
9 The children spend too much time playing computer games
A mustn't B ought to not C shouldn't D Both B and C
10 In case you're suffered from the injury, you see the doctor today
11 Water park is free for kids under 6 years old, so you pay money for your son
12 You look totally exhausted You take a rest instead of working overtime
Trang 10A should B ought C must D has better
13 Anyone have a passport, even a visa when travelling all around the world
14 In the peak season, travellers book their accommodation in advance
15 My car broke down yesterday, so I catch a taxi to the office
16 We eat as much fruit as possible in order to get enough vitamins for our bodies
17 You tell anyone what I've revealed to you It's still a secret
A mustn't B had better not C ought not to D don't have to
18 If you still want to maintain this relationship, you behave improperly like that
A ought to not B ought not to C mustn't D don't have to
19 When playing or swimming in the pool, children be accompanied by their parents
20 We go to work by car Sky train is a wise choice during rush hour
21 Young people obey their parents
22 Laura, you and the kids just have dinner without waiting for me I work late today
23 I be delighted to show you round the factory
24 Leave early so that you miss the bus
25 Jenny’s engagement ring is enormous! It have cost a fortune
Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following sentences.
1 According to the results of a survey which conducted by a USA magazine, there isn't really
Trang 11A B
parents and appreciate the way they're being risen
(sửa thành “being raised”)
3 His parents asked him to buy books which he found them useful and necessary for his study
1 Nobody in the class is as tall as Mike
A Everybody in the class is taller than Mike
B Somebody in the class may be shorter than Mike
C Mike is the tallest student in the class
D Mike may be taller than most students in the class
2 I haven't got enough money to buy a new car
A I need more money to buy a new car
B I don't want to spend more money on a new car
C A new car is not something I really need
D Money is not the most essential issue to buy a new car
Trang 123 I am really keen on playing sports.
A I am a big fan of sports B Playing sports makes me sick
C I am not really into sports D I can't stand sports
4 “I will come back home soon,” he said
A He advised to come back home soon
B He offered to come back home soon
C He promised to come back home soon
D He suggested that he should come back home soon
5 He prevented his close friend from telling the truth
A He forbade his close friend to tell the truth
B He allowed his close friend to tell the truth
C He ordered his close friend to tell the truth
D He paid his close friend to tell the truth
6 It is not necessary for Alice to do all the housework
A Alice must not do all the housework
B Alice should not do all the housework
C Alice doesn't have to do all the housework
D Alice doesn't have to do the unnecessary housework
7 It was wrong of you to scare your brother like that
A You must not scare your brother like that
B You ought not to have scared your brother like that
C You should have scared your brother like that
D You should not scare your brother like that
8 It is against the school rules to cheat in the test
A You don't have to cheat in the test B You must cheat in the test
C You must not cheat in the test D You have to cheat in the test
9 It is necessary for young people to consult their parents about future career
A Young people don't have to consult their parents about future career
B Young people ought not to consult their parents about future career
C Young people should have consulted their parents about future career
D Young people must consult their parents about future career
10 Youngsters should confide their problems to their parents for sound solutions
A It is advisable for youngsters to confide their problems to their parents for sound solutions
B It is obligatory for youngsters to confide their problems to their parents for sound solutions