Công cụ enterprise architect để mô hình hóa và thiết kế theo uml

Chuang 3: Cac chuc nang chinh cua Enterprise Architect 22duQ'c phan cong lam vi~c tren rno hinh.. Chinh vi V?y, ngay cang nhiSu thiSt bi trQ'giup vi~c dQn d~p nha cua, cac phuang ti~n gi

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KHOA CONG NGH~ THONG TIN

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THEOUML

GIA.O VIEN HUONG nAN:

TS TAAN VAN LANGSINH VIEN THVC HI~N:

NGUYEN HUYNH NHU' MAl

TP.HO CHi MINH - 2004

2.5 Cac khai ni~m m6i trong Enterprise Architect 15

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LmMODAu

Ngay nay, trong cac dlJ an phM triSn theo huang d6i tugng, UML dang

tra thanh rnQt chufrn dS pht,lc vt,lqua trinh phan tich va thiSt kS cac h~ th6ng.

Ben c:;mh do, rna hinh cho rnQt h~ th6ng bftt ki la rnQt cang vi~c rnfttnhiSu thai gian va cang suc Vi V?y, SlJ ra dCri cua cac cang Ct,l CASE

cftp sv tich hqp gifra chung da giup cac nha phan tich va thiSt kS tiSt ki~mduQ'CnhiSu thai gian va cang suc Trong s6 do, Enterprise Architect la rnQt

cang Ct,lcho phep rna ta nhanh chong, dfty du tu y ni~rn ban dftu dSn kSt quacu6i cung cua mQt dv an

Bao cao t6t nghi~p nay nh~m trinh bay vS cang ct,l Enterprise Architect

phien ban 3.51 dS rna hinh hoa theo UML Do do, chuang dftu tien se cungcftp cai nhin t6ng quat vS UML Sau do, chuang 2 di vao giai thi~u vS ngu6ng6c, cac ftn ban cling nhu cung cftp mQt cai nhin toan canh vS cang Ct,lEnterprise Architect Va cac chuc nang cua cang Ct,lduQ'c trinh bay trongchuang 3 Cu6i cung, chuang 4 la cac rna ta vS h~ th6ng rnua hang cua mQtsieu thj qua m:;mgb~ng cang ct,lEnterprise Architect

Mt,lc tieu dS ra sau khi thvc hi~n d6 an la kha nang lam vi~c vaiEnterprise Architect Tu' do, sU'dt,lng cang ct,l nay dS rna hinh h~ th6ng muahang cua mQt sieu thj tren rn"mg r6i triSn khai mQt trng dt,lng web theo nhling

gi da ma tao Do di sau vao nghien clm cang Ct,lva rna hinh cho h~ th6ng nen

trng dVng khang tninh duQ'c nhfrng thiSu sot Tuy nhien, vai vi~c Slr dt,lng l:;ti,thay thS cac chu6i ki tv b~ng cac do:;tn rna thi ung dt,lng co thS duQ'c b6 sungrftt dS dang, nhanh chong Ngoai ra, day la trang web rnua hang trong sieu thj

- nai co ngay cang nhiSu m~t hang rnai, nen ung dt,lng duQ'c viSt dS co thS

Chuang 1: Tim hiSu UML

Cung vai sv ra dai va phat triSn Clla ngon ngfr l?p trinh huang d6ituqng (Simula, Smalltalk, C++, Java, C#) co rAt nhiSu tai li~u thiSt kS huangd6i tUQ'llgxuAt hi~n vai nhiSu ki hi~u biSu diSn khac nhau Trong s6 do, n6i

b~ng nhu'ng hinh anh phllc t~p Booch va Jacobson vai Cang ngh~ ph~n mSm

huang d6i tUQ'llgOOSE (Object-Oriented Software Engineering).

Rumbaugh hqp tac vai Booch l?p cong ty ph~n mSm Rational dS phat

triSn UML V?y UML la gi'?

- la ngon ngu' ma hinh hoa th6ng nhAt, g6m cac khai ni~m hinh h<)cduqc dung dS ma ta va thS hi~n cac bang thiSt kS vS h~ th6ng

- la ngan ngfr trvc quan hoa dS xay dVng va lam tai li~u cho nhiSu

khia c~nh khac nhau clla h~ th6ng

thiSt kS va nguai phat triSn

lam va ai se dung no, mo hinh hoa chu6i sv ki~n (scenario) va giup nguai

BiSu d6 Use Case bao g6m:

1.1.1 Truo'ng ho'p SUo dung (Use Case):

La nguai hay h~ th6ng khac co tuang tac vai h~ th6ng

Actor name

~ -Chuang 1: Tim hiSu UML

1.1.3 Cae quan he (Relationship):

Quan h~ giao ti~p gifra:

- Actor va Use Case: Actor nao kich ho~t Use Case nao.

- Use Case vaActor: Use Case se tra kSt qua v~ cho Actor nao.

2

«extend»

Quan h~ ehu'a (include) gifra cac Use Case: nSu nhi~u Use Case

khi nhi~u Use Case(Actor) cling chung m<)t s6 tinh ch~t quan trc.mg, t~o m<)tUse Case(Actor) mai 1at6ng quat hoa cua cac Use Case(Actor) kia

I "w

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Chuang 1: Tim hiSu UML

- quan ni?m: phan anh cac yeu c~u cua h~ th6ng.

- agc ta: ph an anh y tUCmgthi~t k~ va cai d~t h~ th6ng

BiSu d6 lap bao g6m:

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- Ten lop: <ten doi tUQ'ng>:<ten dUCmgdan hay ten goi >::<ten lap>

- Thw)c tinh: </><ten><[ ]>:<kiSu dfr li~u>=<gia tri khai t~o>

"/": thuQc tinh d~n xu~t

"[ ]": s6 lugng gia tri ma thuQc tlnh do gifr

- Thao tac:

ten thao tac( <lo~i ten tham s6>:<kiSu dfr li~u>=<gia tri khai t~o»

M6i thuQc tinh, thao tac dSu co tam nhin (visibility) vai 3 milc:

• Private (-): trong lap sa hu'u no.

• Public (+): trong b~t cil lap nao

• Protected (#): trong lap sa huu no, lap con cua lap sa hu'u no.

Tenl6p

ThuQc tinh

Thao tac

nhom UML co 3 khuon d~ng m~c dinh:

• Lop bien (Boundary): n~m tren bien h~ th6ng, nhu biSu m~u

(form), bao cao (report), giao ti~p vai ph~n Ctrng

• Lop thlf'c th~ (Entity): luu trti' thong tin se duQ'c ghi vao bQ nha ~ ~

n

• Lop tli~u khi~n (Control): co trach nhi~m diSu ph6i ho~t dQng

cua lap khac b~ng cach gui thong di~p

1.2.2 Dai tu'o'ng (Object):

I

1.2.3 Cac quan he:

Quan h~ k~t hQ'p (Associate): khi thS hi~n clla mQt lOp truySn

thong ai~p cho thS hi~n clla lap khac,

- Quan h~ tt} hQ'p(Aggregation): mQt thS hi~n clla mQt lOp chua cac

Company p~l *_1 Department I

- Quan h~ g(>p (Composition): tuang tv quan h~ t\l hQ'p nhung cotinh g~n kSt han, tuc la khi a~u whole bi xoa thi cac thanh ph~n clla a~u part

se bi xoa theo

I Window I-~~ -<*I Frame

- Quan h~ tAng quat hoa (Generalization): chuyen bi~t hoa auQ'cxem la cac lOp con, lOp t6ng quat hoa xem la lOp cha va lOp con thua kS cacthuQc tinh va thao tac clla lOp chao

Employee Name Address

Rate

SalariedEmp Salary

Bi~u dB c(>ng tac biSu diSn sv tham gia thvc hi~n mQt Use Case khi

BiSu a6 cQng tac bao g6m:

1.3.1 Lo'p (class) - Vai tro (role):

quan h~ vai cac a6i tUQ'ngkhac

Vai tro la a?c ta cho mQt a6i tugng

I Object name: Class name 1

association role name

~ -'-t-' aSSOCIaIOn I :Class name I.

1.3.4 Thong diep (message):

Thong di?p (message) biSu diSn giao ti~p giu'a hai thS hi~n.

Tac nhan kich thich (stimulus) biSu diSn giao ti~p gifra hai d6i tugng

nhu gQi mQt bi~n c6 hay thao tac cua d6i tm;mg khac

• Procedural or Synchronous (thit tl;ichoi;icd6ng b9): d6i tugng gu'i

thong di~p d~n d6i tUQ'ngkhac se dQ'i hanh dQng hoan t~t (kS ca vi~cdQ'ihoan t~t cac hanh dQng do d6i tugng nh~n yeu cau d6i tUQ'ngkhac)

• Flat (ph!ing): biSu diSn tung buac cua mQt ti~n trinh (duQ'c dung

khi khong bi~t thong di~p co d6ng bQ hay khong)

• Asynchronous (khong d6ng b9): d6i tugng gui thong di~p d~n d6i

tUQ'ngkhac khong can dQ'i hanh dQng hoan t~t v~n co thS ti~p t\lC cachanh dQng khac cua minh

• Return (tra v~): d6i tugng nh~n tra diSu khiSn cho d6i tugng gu'i.

Synchronous

return-value:= message (argument-list)

• predecessor (thong di?p lien quyit): li~t ke s6 thu tv cua cacthong di~p phai hoan thanh truac khi thong di~p hi~n hanh duQ'c gu'i

• guard-condition (di~u ki?n bao V?): biSu thtl'c logic can thoa truac

khi thong di~p duQ'cgu'i

• sequence-exp (bidu thlfc tu6n tlf): dinh thtl'tv xay ra tuO'ng taco

• return-value (gia trj tra v~).

• message (ten thong di?p): bi~n c6 duQ'c gui d~n d6i tUQ'ngdfch.

Thu~t ngu' signal (tin hi?u) chi bi~n c6 duQ'c gu'i khong d6ng bQ.

• argument-list (danh sach d6i s6).

r

Chuang 1: Tim hiSu UML

Bi~u da tu~n t•.•.rno hinh tuang tac gifra cac thS hi~n d6i tm;mg

- thtl' tv cua cac thong di~p 1a quan trQng nh~t

- thtl' tv cua cac thS hi~n d6i tUQ'ng khong quan trQng, theo qui uactil trai qua phai 1a tac nhan, d6i tugng giao di~n va cac d6i tUQ'ng khac

BiSu d6 tu~n tv g6rn:

1.4.1 I)ml'ng sinh tan (lifeline):

- DU'<J'I1g sinh tJn biSu di~n thai gian t6n t~i cua d6i tugng

1.4.2 Thong diep (message - stimulus):

Thong ai?p (message) hay tac nhan kich thich (stimulus) duQ'c rno tab~ng mlii ten ttl' d6i tUQ'ng gui dSn d6i tugng nh~n va duQ'c phan 10~i, dinhnghia tuang tv vai thong di~p trong biSu d6 cQng tac (xem 1.3.4.)

Tieu aidm kidm soat 1a diSrn dSn va di cua cac thong di~p

1.4.4 Cac ki hieu khac:

- D~u "X" cu6i dUCYngsinh t6n: d6i tugng se bi huy sau khi co mQtthong di~p gu'i dSn no

"*[recurrence condition]": diSu ki~n 1~p

MQt d6i tUQ'ng co thS gui thong di~p cho chinh no

- Ttl' mQt d6i tugng, thong ai?p re thanh hal nhanh nen phai co

"[condition]" dS quySt dinh theo nhanh nao

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Chuang 1: Tim hiSu UML 7

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1.5 BlED DO HOAT DONG (ACTIVITY DIAGRAM):

Bi~u d& ho~t dQng rno hinh cac dong cong vi~c ben trong rnQt Use

Case va gifra cac Use Case

BiSu d6 ho~t dQng g6rn:

- H09t i1(mg 1arnQt dan vi cong vi~c cc1nthllC hi~n. activity name

1.5.2 Hanh dong (action):

MQt ho~t dQng co thS co nhiSu himh i1(mg xay ra Co 4 cach t~o rnQt

hanh dQng:

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1.5.3 Trang thai (state):

Tr9ng thili la diSrn cha biSn c6 xay ra truac khi ho~t dQng tiSp tvc.

• Tr9ng thili bat i16u (la duy nhfrt trong illQt biSu d6 ho~t dQng)

• Tr9ng thai kit thue (co thS co nhiSu trong illQt biSu d6 ho~t dQng)

1.5.4 Du'o'ngphan dong (swimlane):

- DU'ongphdn dong cho biSt ho~t dQng xay ra adau trong h~ th6ng,

1.5.5 SU' chuy~n ti~p (transition):

- Sl;l' ehuydn tiip la Sll chuySn til ho~t dQng nay sang ho~t dQng khac,

tll' tr~ng thai nay sang tr~ng thai khac, til illQt tr~ng thai sang rnQt ho~t dQng va

tu illQt ho~t dQng sang illQt tr~ng thai

event

Chuung 1:Tim hiSu UML 8

r

1.5.6 Di~m guy~t dinh (decision point):

- Didm quy~t ainh la diSm tren dong cong vi~c ma t?i do re nhanh tuy

vao di~u ki~n d~t ra Tren diSm quySt dinh co thS co:

1.5.7 Thanh dBng bo hoa (synchronization bar):

Thanh a6ng be}hoa thS hi~n mQt s6 ho?t dQng thi hanh song song.

• ForIe mQt S\f chuYSn tiSp chia thanh nhi~u nhanh

• Join: cac nhanh kSt hgp thanh mQt S\f chuySn tiSp

1.5.9 Bieu tU'o'ngdieu khien (control icon): - d

- Bidu tU9ng ai~u khidn biSu diSn biSn c6 do S'{/-' chuydn ti~p gay ra.

• Gl:d tin hi?u : phat sinh biSn c6.

• Nhqn tin hi?u: nh~n biSn c6. I Tinhieu> >Tin hieu I

Bi~u dB tn.mg thai mo ta tr?ng thai cua d6i tuqng.

BiSu d6 tr?ng thai bao g6m:

1.6.1 Trang thai (state):

Trgng thid la kSt qua cua mQt ho?t dQng duQ'c d6i tuqng th\fc hi~n

• Trgng thai bcjt adu (IilE-u¥ nh<lttr~.)llgmot hiS!) d~ ho~t dong}

• Trgng thai kef thue (co the co nhieu trong mQt bieu do ho?t dQng)

len d6i tUQ'ngdo

Chuang I: Tim hiSu UML

1.6.2 Su chuy~n ti~p (transition):

- SZ:l' chuydn tiJp la Sl!di chuySn gifra cac tr~ng thai

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1.6.3 Hanh dong (action):

• onEntry: hanh dQng duQ'cphat sinh khi tr~ng thai b~t d~u

• Do: hanh dQng phat sinh su6t thai gian t6n t~i cua tr~ng thai.

• onEvent: hanh dQng duQ'cphLitsinh dS dap tmg mQt biSn c6

• onExit: hanh dQng duQ'cphat sinh khi tr~ng thai kSt thuc

• Include: gQi may tr~ng thai con va duQ'CbiSu di~n vai mQt biSud6 tr~ng thai khac

1.6.4. -f)i~m guy~t dinh (decision point): <>

- Didm quyJt dinh cho phep mQt chuySn tiSp chia thanh nhiSu chuySntiSp theo diSu ki~n nao do, va nhiSu chuySn tiSp hQ'Pthanh mQt chuySn tiSp

1.6.5 Thanh dang bo hoa (synchronization bar):

• Fork: mQt sv chu~Sn tiSp chia thanh nhiSu t;han? I

• Join: cac nhanh ket hQ'Pthanh mQt sv chuyen tiep

1.6.6 Trang thai phu.c:

Tr(;mg thai phu'c la tr~ng thai co thS phan ra thanh cac trr;mg thai con.

CJ - Trang thai con co thS duQ'cmo ta b~ng mQt biSu d6 tr~ng thai rieng

state name

[action]

Chuo'ng 1: Tim hiSu UML 10

1.1 BIEU DO CAl DAT:

1.7.1 Bi~u dB thanh phin (component diagram):

- Bi~u ad thanh phdn g6rn cac thanh ph~n la t~p tin, chuang trinh

ngu6n, gifra t~p tin ngu6n va t~p tin thl,fc thi, gifra cac ph~n rnSm dang ch(;1Y

Component name { information }

MQt thanh ph~n co thS chu'a rnQt ho?c nhiSu thanh ph~n khac ben

trong t(;10quan h? h9'P thanh (composition).

1.7.2 Bi~u dB tri~n khai (development diagram):

- Biiu ad tri~n khai g6m cac thanh ph~n ph~n cUng nhu may dnh, bQ

XLI' 1)1, t(;10nen h~ th6ng dS rna hinh kenh lien l(;1cgifra cac thanh ph~n, l~p

Cac thanh ph~n la t~p tin thl,fc thi co thS duQ'c biSu diSn trong nut

ho?c lien k~t v6i nut b~ng quan h~ phV thuQc «support».

ph~n til clla biSu d6 dS co thS th~y duQ'c tac dvng clla dnh trv'c quan hoa rnaUML dem l(;1icho vi~c phfm dch va thi~t k~ h~ th6ng

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Chuang 2: Gi6i thi~u Enterprise Architect

ENTERPRISE ARCHITECT

11

Software Engineering) ra dai nam 1996 clla tac gia Geoffrey Sparks

Object, Composite, Package, Component, Deployment, Use Case, Sequence,

h6 trq them 2 kho chua PostgreSQL va Sybase AS A; va nhiSu cai tiSn khac

Enterprise Architect co 3 ~n ban: Desktop, Professional va Corporate.2.2.1 An ban Desktop:

nh~p/xu~t rna ngu6n va DDL, chia se mQt mo hinh v6i nhiSu nguai su d\lng

2.2.2 An ban Professional:

Nh~m vao nhiSu nha phat tri~n lam vi~c theo nhom

va d6ng bQ hoa gifra ph~n tu mo hinh v6i rna ngu6n

2.2.3 An ban Corporate:

Management System) nhu SQL Server, MySQL ph\lc V\l vi~c dung chung vachS dQ bao m~t v6i nhiSu mu'c khoa khac nhau

2.3 KHONG GIAN LAM VIltC:

(1) Trinh dan chinh

Chuang 2: Giai thi~u Enterprise Architect 12

~ eusine" ProcQSS Mod.1 : Business Proc,ss

.ft Nesting l

CO«ObOl"'~

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Sl"'eActwft;=1Component 1

~;~~;;"'!I.~~om _ j <

J [~ '1 I • ~ I~ ,~.1' ~ It\& .if •J /' I ~ a A E5 ~J 1'/ .1_

-:;~::e -1.1- i~v(~E'-.srG1 ~.'~ 't+l ~ d !Ol

l2J hI.,f""e I I if CJ Bus"",,, Process Model

EI Object '-0"'-1""-'-' '-'00-.'-' -Mod-el-'l Use CIIS Model I! fh 'aF~ Requirements

I J: CJ + UC01.3: Jr.hn<lge Old" $-{m DynamicVIew / AsSoc.:::D:6 1: D + UC01.4: Oldel Stitus t£ ~ lOQiCaI Vtew

'0 Assoclali.

function.1 requilemef'lts of tnt propoud system Formal Requiremerb ~ /' Depende ~~:~es help you mAnAge the complexity of A C 1.01 Log on 10 the _bsil li:!:lProject Ex~er' r~=;V;~ T~~""""~~-'

C 2.02 Sureh fOI •• book by

~ 2.03 Pl.el' 'Iquul for olI C3,01 Addtitluto olIshopp 1:)3.02 Removi titlls f10m •

C 3.03 View contlnts of sho

tt:J 3.04 P'Y fOI ordll on.linll!

I:l 3.0!5 Query the shipping s

1IO 3.015 C"l'Ic.1 ••n O,d.r I:J + fdsfsd

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2.3.1 Trinh dO'n chinh:

File: qwin ly vi~c t~o, luu trfr va in t?P tin d\f an.

Edit: tim kiSm, sao chep, xoa va kiSm tra l6i chinh ta tren d6i tUQ'ng

View: dinh giao di~n cho khong gian lam vi~c, canh IS va rna cac thanhcong CI,l,cac nut chuc nang va etTas6 neo

Diagram: canh IS, kich thuac cho cac d6i tUQ'ngtren biSu d6 va sao

chep biSu d6 ra cac t?P tin hing anh (.brnp, gif, wrnf)

Project: qui dinh kiSu, thong s6 do luang dS th6ng kS, uac lUQ'ngd\f an.

Reference: thiSt l?p thong tin rn~c dinh nhu tac gia, chu sa hu'u, nhanll,l'cva vai tro cua tirng nguai tren mo hinh; kiSu dfr li~u tren m(>tngon ngfr va

Admin: phl,lc Vl,lcho vi~c dung chung nhu chS d(>bao m?t, t~o ban sao,

su'a l6i va s~p xSp tren m(>tdl,l'an

Tools: chQn kiSu hiSn thi thl,l'cdan, b?t/t~t thanh cong Cl,lva phim nong Help: cac trQ'giup Slrdl,lng, cai d~t va nang c~p.

Chuang 2: Gi6i thi~u Enterprise Architect 13

2.3.2 Object Toolbars:

Code Generation: n?p, sinh va d6ng be) rna gifra lap va t~p tin ngu6n Current Object: hi~u chinh thue)c tinh, phuong thuc; xern tharn chiSu va

khoaJrna khoa tren tung ph~n ttl'

- Default Tools: t?O rn6i, rna hay dong dV an; chQn thanh cang C\lva xerncac bao cao v@biSu d6, cac trg giup

- Diagram Bar: djnh vi, xoa ph~n ttl'; phong to, thu nh6 va di chuySn

giil'a cac biSu d6

- Project Bar: lam rn6i dv an; t?O rn6i biSu d6, goi, ph~n thu, tai li~u

UML Element: them cac kSt n6i, chu thich, van biSu d6.

Current Connector: hi~u chinh, ~n hi~n cac d?c tinh cua kSt n6i; d6i

chi@uva ch<.mkiSu duang cho kSt n6i

- Appearance: chQn kiSu chfr, rnau cho ph~n tu' rna hinh.

Workspace Views: ~n hi~n Project Explorer, cua s6 thue)c tinh va thanh

cang ct \

2.3.3 KhuDg DhiD bi~u dB:

La nai d?t cac ph~n tu rna hinh phl:lCv\l vi~c rna ta rne)t h~ th6ng.

2.3.4 Workspace:

- Project Explorer: cua s6 trinh duy~t quan ly cac goi, biSu d6, ph~n tu

- Resource View: cua s6 trinh duy~t quan ly cac hi~n tr?ng, rn~u UML,

tai 1i~u d?ng RTF, thang tin v@rna tr~n quan h~, khuan d?ng bao cao va cacph~n ttl' rna hinh dugc suod\mg thuOng xuyen

2.3.5 Toolbox:

2.3.6 Properties:

The Property: thang tin v@ph~n tu rna hinh, cac gia trj the va cac ph~n

ttl' lien quan dSn no

The Link: thang tin v@kSt n6i va d6i tuqng dich cua kSt n6i.

The Note: cac ghi chu v@ph~n tu rna hinh hay biSu d6.

The Rule: thang tin v@cac yeu c~u, rang bUe)ctren ph~n tu rna hinh The Hierarchy: cac quan h~ cua ph~n tu rna hinh v6i cac ph~n tu khac The Scenario: chu6i sv ki~n cua rne)t ph~n tu rna hinh.

Chuang 2: Gioi thi~u Enterprise Architect 14

2.4 DAc DIEM CVA ENTERPRISE ARCHITECT:

Do moi ra dai nen v~n con trong giai doe;tnho€m thi~n Tuy nhien,Enterprise Architect da cung c~p cho nguai dung nhiSu tinh nang n6i b~t

M<)t cong C\l quan ly d\1' an theo chu~n UML cho phep mo ta nhanhch6ng va d~y du tu' y ni~m ban d~u dSn kSt qua cu6i cung m<)t d\1'an phattriSn ph~n mSm

phuc te;tpdSn m<)th~ th6ng ph~n cung

m<)t cach nhanh ch6ng, d?c bi~t trong vi~c dinh vi m<)t ph~n tu' tren trinhduy~t - m<)tv~n dS kh6 khan khi mo hinh m<)th~ th6ng Ion

suod\lng Va vi~c chuySn d6i gifra cac ~n ban cling r~t dS dang

ma Enterprise Architect cung c~p

nhiSu ngon ngfr khac nhau ngoai Anh ngfr Nguai dung cling c6 thS te;tOhayb6 sung them van t\1'diSn dS kiSm tra l6i va qui dinh vS cach kiSm tra

yeu c~u, la nhfrng ghi chu b6 ich trong qua trinh phan tich va thiSt kS

li~u DDL (Data Definition Language)

Sinh ma, chuySn d6i theo ngon ngfr C++, Java, C#, VB.Net, Delphi,Visual Basic va cung c~p S\1'dbng b<)

Markup Language) cho cac g6i, biSu db, ph~n tu, trong mo hinh

theo ngon ngfr danh d~u mo r<)ngXMI (XML Metadata Interchange, XML Extensible Markup Language)

ph~n tu' trong mo hinh

gay ra va gom kich thuoc cua t~p tin d\1'an

vo y tren mo hinh khi lam vi~c theo nh6m va tranh S\1'xung d<)t

me;tng,ban sao hay kho dfr li~u cua m<)ts6 h~ quan td Co'so dfr li~u

2.5 cAc KHAI NIEM MOl TRONG ENTERPRISE ARCHITECT:

2.5.1 UML Mentor:

ph~n tu UML cua Zicorn System duqc tich hqp vao Enterprise Architect

~

I,

I

2.5.2 Yeu cfiu (Requirement):

thvc boi Use Case, lap, v6i 2 lo?i:

• Yeu c6u ben ngoai (external requirement): la mQt d6i tuqng yeu

c~u rieng bi~t v6i cac thuQc tlnh rieng

• Yeu c6u ben trong (internal requirement): la nhi~rn V\l cua mQt

d6i tuqng c\l thS

M6i quan h~ giu'a yeu c~u va cac ph~n tu' rna hinh duqc rna ta b~ng kStn6i hi~n th\fc (realize)

Co thS chuySn ttl' yeu c~u ben trong thanh yeu c~u ben ngoai b~ng nut

Move External trong thuQc tlnh cua ph~n tu rna hinh.

1.01 Log on to the webste

2.5.3. M~lD hlnh (Screen):

gbrn cac ph6n til'giao tiip ngU'o'idung (VI Element).

IOrder Details

IOrderTotal

2.5.4 Bi~u dB phan tlch (Analysis Diagram):

yeu c~u nghi~p V\lc~n thiSt cua h~ th6ng trong giai do?n phan tich ban d~u

2.5.5 Custom Diagram:

cac rna hinh thu' nghi~m hay cac rna hinh khang co nai dS rna tao

Chuang 2: Giai thi~u Enterprise Architect 16

2.5.6 Hien trang UML:

trong t?P tin d~ng XML

Loai Stereot

Ten the

Mo ta ve the

Gia trj m?c djnh, r6ng hay thuQc Values

Cac ghi chli

,

2.5.7 Cae m~u UML:

vi~c lUll tfti' dS suod\lng hay xay d\rng l~i b~ng cach thay dai ten cho phu hqpvai tung dv an

tac, biSu d6 lap, biSu d6 tufrn tV.

2.5.8 Ma tdin m8i quan he:

kS ca nhu'ng phfrn tu con

Enterprise Architect Ngoai ra, con cung c~p mQt cai nhin tang thS vS khonggian lam vi~c vai cong C\l nay cling nhu cac d?c diSm va nhfrng net mai cuaEnterprise Architect

Chuang 3: Cac chuc nang chinh clla Enterprise Architect 17

ENTERPRISE ARCHITECT

3.1 MO HINH HOA DULIEU:

rQng tu ph~n mSm Rational theo chu~n Clla OMG (Object ManagementGroup)

3.1.1 Nap bang dfi'lieu til' nguBn dfi'lieu ODBC:

- ODBC (Open Database Connectivity) la h~ giao tiSp chung as kSt n6i

from ODBC khi nh:1p phai chuQt tren biSu a6 Sau ao, ch<;mngu6n dfr li~u va

bang mu6n n~p vao

3.1.2. Xu~t bang dfi'lieu theo DDL:

(Desktop Edition khong co tac V\lnay)

DDL (Data Definition Language) la ngon ngfr ajnh nghla dfr li~u.

Clla goi ail chQn

nh:1p phai chuQt Ngoai ra, co cac tliy chQn khac:

cac cQt va cac chti thich

3.2 QUA.N LY MO HINH:

3.2.1 Tao duo an m6i:

- Blm Desktop, Professional: dlJ an auqc t~o la ban sao Clla dlJ an co s~n.

auqc thiSt kS theo chu~n nao ao (.eap)

- Bczn Corporate: phai kSt n6i aSn mQt h~ quan trj co So' dfr li~u DS thlJc

Chuang 3: Cac chuc nang chfnh clla Enterprise Architect

• Microsoft SQL Server

• MySQL, MDAC va t?o ODBC driver tuang ling

V a k~t n6i vai h~ qWln tri nay thong qua provider tuang ung la:

• Microsoft OLE DB Provider for SQL Server

• Microsoft OLE DB Provider for ODBC Drivers

'tJGhi chu: Enterprise Architect chi h6 trg

- MySQL ttl' phien ban 4.0.3 tra vS sau

- MySQL ODBC Driver ttl' phien ban 3.51 tra vS sau

- MDAC (Microsoft Data Access Components) 2.6 hay 2.7

18

- D6i ten d1;i' an phai dam bao dv an da dong va d6i ten t~p tin nhung v~ngift ph~n rna r(>ng ".EAP"

- Kit d1;i' em (khong thvc hi~n dugc cho dv an tren m?ng) la 10?i rakhoang tr6ng khong c~n thi~t dS giarn kfch thuac cho t~p tin dV an Phai dam

bao nlQi nguoi da thoat ra kh6i dv an va chc,m Admin/Compact Project.

- SLI'Q chfi'a d1;i' an (khong thvc hi~n dugc cho dl,J an tren m?ng) do vi~cdong dV an khong dung Ch(.mAdmin/Repair Project khi:

• Khong co dv an nao yeu c~u sua 16i.

• MQi nguoi phai thoat kh6i dv an.

- Ban Desktop, Professional dung cO'so dfr li~u Microsoft JET nhu khodu' li~u N~u dung phien ban Corporate, phai chQn h~ quan tri cO'so dfr li~uSQL Server hay MySQL Ti~n trinh nay keo theo:

• Cai d~t ph~n mSm quan tri cO'so duoli~u

• T?o cO'so dfr li~u maio

• TruySn dfr li~u d?ng EAP to DBMS vai:

- Source Model: t~p tin EAP c~n chuySn

- Target Model: Microsoft OLEDB Provider for ODBC Drivers cho MySQL

Microsoft OLEDB Provider for SQL Server cho SQL Server

3.3 LAM VIEC TREN DU LIEU:

Chuang 3: Cac Chll'Cnang chinh clla Enterprise Architect 19

3.3.2 Toan ven dO'lieu:

khong doan truac

bao khong con b(> dfr li~u sai hay chua duQ'c xac dinh va Sll'a chfra trong

Default Action.

dem vao cac rno hinh thich hQ'P

3.4 NHAp - XUA.T:

3.4.1 Xu~t/Nhap goi theo XMI:

• Format XML Output: dinh d?ng XML cho kSt qua xufrt.

• Write Log: t?o t~p tin nh~t ky cho qua trinh nh~p/xufr1.

• Use DTD: t?O them dinh nghia kiSu tai li~u (UML_EA.DTD).

- XMI (XML Metadata Interchange) la b(>chuySn d6i dfr li~u clla dfr li~u

XML vai phien ban 1.1 tich hQ'p vai Enterprise Architect dS chuySn d6i cac

mo hinh UML giti'a cac cong C\l (hay gifra cac mo hinh khac nhau dung cungcong C\l) Day la d~c ta phuc t?P vai nhiSu dinh d?ng theo chuftn ho~c khongtheo chuftn

XMI h6 trQ'd~c ta mo hinh UML rfrt t61 Tuy nhien, cling co m(>ts6 h?nchS nhu cac ghi chu clla kSt n6i, tr?ng thai Clla phuang thuc se bi chuySn

thanh cac gia trj the (tagged value) va duQ'CchuySn vao mo hinh khac nhu la

thong tin b6 sung Doi khi, m(>tvai d~c ta con bi tu' ch6i

vai nhau nen phai phan dinh r5 rang cho vi~c nh~p/xufrt theo 2 dinh d?ng nay

TC;Zp tin XML (Extensible Markup Language) la t~p tin van ban dung

so?n thao van ban bfrt ki

- DTD (Data Type Definition) 1adinh nghia kiSu dfr 1i~uXML dung:

• B(3 phan tich XML (XML Parser) 1a cac goi ph~n rnSm dS phan

tich dfr li~u XML thanh nhung ph~n nha han

• B(3 kiJm tra XML (XML Validator) la cac goi ph~n rnSm dS kiSm

tra tinh dung khuon d?ng va hQ'Pl~ clla tai li~u XML

DS nh~p/xufrt, tren m(>tgoi trong Project Explorer chQn Import/Export

va Export Package to XML file hay Import Package from XML file.

bi xoa va duQ'cthay mai hoan toano

-

D?c ta cho t~p tin truac Project/CSV Import/Export File Specification:

• Specification Name: ten cua d?c ta (duy nh~t).

• Delimiter: d~u phan cach cac cQt.

• Default Filename: ten t~p tin m?c dinh.

• Default Types: danh sach loe;tiph~n tu mu6n xu~t/nh~p.

• Specification: chQn ten d?t ta dii dinh.

• Types: danh sach ph~n tu mu6n xu~t du<{cphan cach b~ng ","

(bo tr6ng la xu~t t~t ca ph~n tu)

chia cac ph~n cua dlJ an thanh nhLing ph~n nho, bao g6m khung nhin UseCase, dQng, lu~n ly (logic), thanh ph~n, triSn khai, tlJ te;tO(custom)

Co thS sua ten hay them khung nhin Khung nhin mai du<{cthem vaocu6i va co de;tngcua khung nhin Custom

MQi nguai co thS lam vi~c tren mQt mo hinh trong cung mQt thai diSm

va co thS th~y du<{cnhung SlJthay d6i mai nh~t va c~p nh~t SlJthay d6i nay

Corporate cua Enterprise Architect theo 3 cach:

3.6.1 ThU' muc dung chung tren mang:

Architect se cho phep nhiSu kSt n6i song song dSn dlJ an MQt s6 khung nhintren Project Explorer se yeu c~u lam mai khi co thay d6i tu nguai dung khac

hay c~p nh~t trong khi mQt nguai khac le;tidang thlJc hi~n cac chinh sua trendlJ an nay Cho nen:

an theo dinh ki dS th~y du<{cSlJthay d6i

khong thoat dung cach hay me;tngngung dQt ngQt

Chuung 3: Cac chuc nang chinh cua Enterprise Architect 21

3.6.2 Phat tri~n philn tan: bftng 2 cach

t> Ban sao: d~ dung chung dV an giua nguai dung ca l~p hay nguai dung dichuy~n, khi do:

Design Master.

Nhfi'ng thay d6i se them, va sua tren ca ban chinh va ban sao cho nen saukhi d6ng bQ, t~t ca se co cung thang tin

NSu nhiSu nguai cung lam vi~c tren rnQt d6i tUQ"ng,d\lng dQ se xay ra khi

nh~n hay khang cac xung dQt xay ra Tuy nhien, co th~ co rnQt Iva chQn dvavao cac qui lu~t nhung cac thay d6i bi tu ch6i v~n dUQ"cluu tru d~ nguai dungquySt dinh

t~p tin rna hinh nay ngay cang Ian NSu khang dung dSn ban sao thi xoa bftng

A dmin/Replication/Remove Replication

NSu lam vi~c vai ban sao, phai rna bang thiSt kS chinh truac va thvc hi~nd6ng bQ thi cac ban sao se thay d6i theo Vi~c c6 c~p nh~t ban sao truackhang co IQ"igi rna con gay 16i cho vi~c c~p nh~t ban chinh

& Chu'c nang nh~p/xu~t cac g6i rieng Ie theo ChU~DXMI: xu~t goi thanht~p tin XML (xern rn\lc 3.4.1.) va chia se cho nhorn Cach nay co nhiSu di~m

Rap rnQt rna hinh tu vai ph~n theo yeu c~u hay mQt rna hinh d~y duoRap rnQt rna hinh tu cac goi khac phien ban

rnQt goi rieng bi~t

Chuang 3: Cac chuc nang chinh cua Enterprise Architect 22

duQ'c phan cong lam vi~c tren rno hinh

rn9t nguai quan I)' se co d~y du quySn va rn9t rn~t kh~u dS truy c~p Sau do,

Lock to Edit

~ t~t ca ph~n tu, biSu dE>nhu chua duQ'c khoa Khi co nhu c~u, nguai dung

se khoa b~t ki ph~n tu nao hay phan nguai dung, nhorn cho cac ph~n tu Mohinh nay phu hQ'p cho lam vi~c theo nhorn dS phan djnh nguai nao lam tren

c~p vao ph~n nao cua rno hinh

& kh~c khe han, rnQi ph~n tu dSu bi khoa dSn khi rn9t nguai dung thvc

rn9t nguai lam vi~c tren rno hinh t?i m9t thai diSm

Chi co nguai dung dang thvc hi~n khoa rnai chinh sua tren ph~n tu luc

3.7.1 Quan If nhorn va thanh vien nhorn:

duQ'c phan khac

3.7.2 Khoa - Mo- khoa cho ph~ntil' rnBhlnh va goi:

- No lock, general editing allowed: Ma khoa

- Full lock, no one may edit: Khoa va khong cho ai co thS chinh su'a User lock, locking user may still edit: Khoa va chi nguai khoa rnai cothS chinh su'a duQ'c

Group lock, locking group may still edit: Khoa va chi thanh vien cua

Chuang 3: Cac ch(rc nang chinh cua Enterprise Architect

3.7.3 Danh sach guy~n:

23

Y n hia

B~t/Tat che dQ bao m~t

Xem va xoa cac khoa doi tUQ11Sua va xoa cac m\lc dfr li~u dinh s~nSua thuQc tlnh va canh Ie bieu do

Khoa doi tUQ11g

Sua va xoa phan tu, bieu do, ket noi, Xmlt mo hinh thanh t~ tin XMI

Nh~ mo hinh vao til' t~ tin XMISu'a va xoa cac ghi nh~n ve tham dinh

Truyen mo hinh gifra cac kho chuaKiem tra toan v~n dfr li~u va sua chfraThem, xoa va sua kieu dfr li~u

Them, xoa va sua khuon d~ng

T~o ma nguon, DDL til phan tu mo

Reverse Engineer from DDL andSource Code

Generate Documents

Spell Check

Qu ~n

Manage Reference Data - Update

U date DiagramsAdminister Database

Lock ObjectsMana e Pro"ect InformationConfigure Resources

Update Elements

Ex ort XMI1m ort XMIManage TestsMana e IssuesChan e PasswordTransfer DataCheck Data Inte

Configure StereotypesConfi ure Ima esGenerate Source Code and DDL

Chuang 3: Cac chuc nang chinh cua Enterprise Architect

3.8.1 Danh gia dU' an:

• TCF Values: gia td cho ySu t6 ky thu~t.

• ECF Values: gia td cho ySu t6 rnai truang.

• Default Hour Rate: thai gian gifra cac l~n diSu chinh use case.

Sau khi da thiSt l~p cac thong s6 tren, dS danh gia: tren goi chua Use

Case ch<;mPackage Metrics voi:

• Root Package: goi g6c va t~t ca use case ben duoi goi nay dugc

b6 sung van bao cao

• Phase like: them use case a c~p, vi d\l: t~t ca=*

• Keyword like: lQc use case theo n9i dung the.

• Include Actors: them cac tac nhan.

• Reload: tim kiSrn l~i sau khi b6 sung diSu ki~n lQc.

• Report: t~o bao cao d~ng RTF cho danh gia hi~n t~i.

3.8.2 Chu ki sAng:

• Defect: khiSrn khuySt hay 16i.

• Change: yeu c~u thay d6i.

• Issue: cac v~n dS phat sinh.

• Task: yeu c~u cang vi~c.

Project Management/Maintenance and Change Control hay rna cila s6 neo Maintenance.

lien quan dSn:

• Defect: vi~c bao cao va cach giai quySt 16i.

• Change: yeu c~u va vi~c thvc hi~n vS sv thay d6i.

• Issue: phat sinh va hoan t~t cac v~n dS.

• Task: tac V\lva hoan t~t cac vi~c c~n lam.

Changes, Issues.

• Issues n6i voi ph~n til rna hinh b~ng quan h~ hi~n thvc (realise)

dS chi ra trach nhi~rn cua ph~n til nay d6i voi cac l6i

• Changes n6i voi ph~n ttl'rna hinh b~ng quan h~ hi~n th\l'c (realise)

dS chi ra ph~n tu' nao se thvc hi~n sv thay d6i

Chuang 3: Cac chuc nang chiOOcua Enterprise Architect 25

3.8.3 Nhan IO'ccho drran:

La nguoi duQ'cphan nhi~m V\lva vi tri lam vi~c tren dv an

Information.

3.8.4. Th~rndinh rno hinh:

Unit (don vi): kiSm tra lap, thanh ph~n, do nguoi l?p triOOt~o

- Integration (tich h9P): kiSm tra cach cac thanh ph~n lam vi~c vai OOau

- System (hrj th6ng): kiSm tra h~ th6ng co thvc hi~n dung cac chuc nangnghi~p V\l

- Acceptance (cong nh(m): kiSm tra sv thea man cua chu v~ h~ th6ng

- Scenarios (Sl,f kirjn): kiSm tra t~t ca chuc nang cua u'ng d\lng co theodung qui trinh tren thvc t~

3.8.5 Quan Iy dO'an:

• Model Tasks: danh sach tac V\l chinh cua dv an c~n duQ'c chu y.Cac tac V\lnay duQ'c chQn dva VaGtr~ng thai hi~n t~i cua chung

• Model Issues: daOOsach v~n d~ phat sinh nhu cac sv ki~n, hoancanh anh hucmg d~n sv phM triSn va phan ph6i dv an

• Model Glossary: danh sach thu?t ngfr ky thu?t, nghi~p V\l dungtrong mo hinh

3.9 Ki THUAT SINH MA:

-Forward Engineering) hay n~p rna ngu6n dS t~o ph~n tu mo hinh mai (kTthu?t dao - Reverse Engineering) va gifr cho mo hinh va rna ngu6n d6ng bQvai nhau

Enterprise Architect cho phep sinh rna ngu6n tu' mo hinh UML cho cacngon ngu' C++, Java, Visual Basic, VB.Net, Delphi hay C# Ma ngu6n duQ'ct~o ra g6m cac dinh nghTa lap, bi~n va ham cho cac thuQc tfnh va phuangthu'c trong lap

3.9.1 Dat ta cho ki thuat sinh rna:

Chuang 3: Cac chuc nang chfnh clla Enterprise Architect 26

Hi~u chinh chung - Generation:

• eta dfch mo hinh nhung co thay d6i tren rno hinh: chi them cac

thuQc tfnh/phuO'llg thu'c rnai vao rna ngu6n cu

• thay et6i tren ma ngu6n: cac thuQc tfnh/phuO'llg thu'c se dugc

them vao ph~n tll' rno hinh co lien quan

Enterprise Architect khong h6 trg vi~c xoa cac thuQc tfnh/phuang thuc

trong su6t qua trinh d6ng bQ NSu rnu6n xoa thi phili thvc hi~n b~ng tay

3.9.2 Tao lU'o'cdB XML:

theo chu~n Cllat6 chu'c rn~ng toan c~u W3C (Word Wide Web Consortium)

clla XSD (dung Import/rom XML d@n~p goi nay vao)

cac khuon d~ng clla lap d@hi~u chinh cho vi~c t~o lugc d6

3.9.3 Sinh rna nguBn:

La qua trinh chuy@n d6i Clla rnQt ph~n tll' UML (lap hay ph~n tll' giaodi~n) thanh rna ngu6n tuang dUO'llg,va luu thanh t?P tin bien djch Khi do,

thuQc tfnh tra thanh biSn, va thao tac tra thanh phuang thu'c.

3.9.4 Nap lai rna nguBn:

• Visual Basic: cls

• C++:.h (khong h6 trg djnh nghla nhi~u lap trong cung t?P tin)

• C#: cs (khong h6 trg xufit nhi~u lap vao 1 t?P tin)

• Java: java (khong h6 tfg kI thu?t sinh ma)

• Delphi: .pas

• VB.Net:. vb

Chuang 3: Cac chilc nang chinh cua Enterprise Architect 27

,-3.10 TAO TAl LIEU:

d?ng la RTF (Rich Text Format) va HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language)

3.10.1 Tili lieu dang van ban:

la MS Word

chinh B~ng cach nay, tai 1i~uv~ dlJ an tra nen d~ quan ly.

1TIQts6 thong s6, nguai dling se co 1TIQtbao cao sinh dQng v~ mo hinh VaMicrosoft Word la cong C\lt6t nh~t dS xem bao cao Tuy nhien, c~n luu y:

RTF, thi chi c~n nh~p dup chuQt tren t?P tin dS xem bao cao

vi tri vai t?P tin RTF) NSu thay d6i vi tri bao cao thi phai thay d6icho thu m\lc hinh imh nay

hi~n danh sach t~t ca d6i tugng ma thvc thi d6i tugng khac cling vai cac d6i tugng bi ph\l thuQc.

xu~t hi~n danh sach t~t ca d6i tugng ma yeu c~u dugc th\l'c thi cling vai cac d6i tugng dff dugc kSt n6i vai cac d6i tugng nay b~ng m6i

quan h~ hi~n thlJc

3.10.2 Bao cao dang ngon ngii' danh d~usieu van ban:

nQi dung cua Project Explorer Ngoai ra, co nhi~u sieu lien kSt dSn cac ph~nlien quan vai nhau trong mo hinh

Kha nang sil'a d6i cac m~u co s~n se dugc b6 sung vao cac phien ban sau.

c~n dem toan bQ thu m\lc kSt qua d~t tren web server la bao cao co tren web

Chuang 3: Cac chuc nang chinh cua Enterprise Architect 28

- Giao tidp t~f a<5nghoa (Automation Intel/ace) hI phuong thuc duQ'csoan thao dS doc thong tin tu rno hinh:

void ExitO;

DiagramGUID, Long Type);

DiagramGUID, Const Variant FAR& Filename, Long Type);

phfin BSTR EnumLinks(Const Variant FAR& PackageID);

BSTR Enum ViewsO;

trich BSTR GetDiagram(Const Variant FAR& DiagramGUID);

KET LU~N: chuong nay giai thi~u cac ti~n ich cua Enterprise Architectngoai kha nang rno hinh theo chu~n UML DiSm n6i b~t trong s6 chuc nangnay 1a kha nang dV toan kich thuac cho dv an va quan ly duQ'c cac phcit sinh,yeu c~u trong qua trinh thiSt kS cling nhu kha nang t~lObao cao cho rno hinh

Chuang 4: (J'ng dVng mua hang trong sieu thi

CHUONG 4: UNG DUNG

Ttl' do dSn nay, nganh cong ngh~ thong tin da: co nhung ph:it tri~n vaanh huang khong nh6 tren mQi linh vllC rna d~c bi~t Ia IInh v\!'c dai s6ng xa:hQi Sv ra dai cua Internet - m~ng viSn thong toan c~u - da: keo mQi nguai l~i

thong tin

Nh?n biSt sv c~n thiSt cua cong ngh~ thong tin, rna d~c bi~t Ia Internet,chinh phu Vi~t Nam cling da: co nhiSu chinh sach nhu dao t~o cong ngh~thong tin cho thanh nien, chuang trinh 5000 may tinh vai gia thanh th~p,

dSn mQt Chinh phu di~n tu'

M~t khac, trong nhip s6ng hi~n nay, thai gian Ia ySu t6 quan trQng nh~t

nhiSu thai gian nghi ngai va giai tri Chinh vi V?y, ngay cang nhiSu thiSt bi trQ'giup vi~c dQn d~p nha cua, cac phuang ti~n giao thong hi~n d~i se giam batthai gian di I~i, nhung con chuy~n mua s~m thi sao? Vi~c nay cling chiSmthai gian vi mQi nguai phai tim kiSm, xem xet gia ca d~ co duQ'c mQt mon

phong phu va nhiSu muc gia da:ph~n nao giai quySt duQ'c v~n dS nay Khong

m~ng va ngay cang duQ'Cua chuQng Tuy nhien, ho~t dQng nay v~n con dang

thi vi~c ph:it tri~n mQt lo~i hinh kinh doanh tren m~ng la diSu khong th~ tranhkh6i Tu' nhli'ng nh?n biSt do, em da:xay dVng mQt trang web mua hang trongsieu thi vai hinh thuc giao hang t?n nha - mQt hinh thu'c qmh tranh trong kinh

Chuang 4: lrng dl,lng mua hang trong sieu thi 30

Sau day la mQt s6 IQ'i fch cling nhu nhfrng h?n chS khi Slr dl,lng tmgdl,lng nay

4.1.1 Lo'i ieh:

thai gian cho vi~c chQn cac m?t hang mong mu6n

nhGng m?t hang nay t?i nha

nhanh va thu?n ti~n nh~t

cho nguai kinh doanh

thi se thu hut duQ'c nhiSu khach hang

(J'ng dl,lng co thS chuySn d6i linh ho?t va ap dl,lng cho cac ho?t dQngkinh doanh khac

I.

4.1.2 Han ehe:

khach hang trong sieu thi Tuy nhien, hinh thuc nay cling kho duQ'c ch~p nh?n

vi khong m~y ai dS mQt s6 tiSn IOn vao mQt nai rna khong co IQ'icho minh.M?t khac, hinh thu'c nay v~n co thS ap dl,lng duQ'c khi mQt sieu thi nh?n duQ'c

sv tin C?y ttl' phfa khach hang Chfnh vi V?y, trong giai do?n mai ra dai, vi~c

thanh toan b~ng tiSn m?t la t6t nh~t

IUQ'nghinh anh tren trang web nay cang lam tang thai gian khi tai trang webnay vS Day la mQt ySu gay kho chiu cho khach hang khi duy~t web

thong tin khach hang va cac gop y, quang cao

Chuang 4: (J'ng d\lng mua hang trong sieu thi 31

';

•

4.2 QUY TRINH NGHIEP VU:

chinh thuc cua sieu thi va nguai qwin tri voi cac chuc nang nhu gop y, dang

ki liun khach hang cua sieu thi, mua hang qua m~mg, xu ly tai khoan ca nhan,thf>ng ke hang ban, quan ly thong tin khach hang, quan ly cac gop y, quan lycac chuang trinh quang cao va quan ly dan d?t hang cua khach hang

4.2.1 Cac tac nhan:

4.2.1.1 Ngu'iri duyet web:

La t~t ca ngu(Ji duy~t web Ngoai kha nang xem thong tin hang hoa, cacchuang trinh khuySn mai, thS 1~,ph~m vi ph\lc V\l cua sieu thi, con co cacchtl'c nang sau:

phong ph\lc V\lcua nhan vien, cho sieu thi

- Dang ki lam khach hang: sau khi tim hiSu va ch~p nh~n cac quy chS dS tra thanh khach hang cua sieu thi, nguai duy~t web nh~p chinh xac va d~y du

thong tin ca nhan va gui di

4.2.1.2 Khach hang:

Co d~y du cac chtl'c nang cua nguai duy~t web va them kha nang chinhSLl'athong tin ca nhan, ch<;mhang hoa va thanh toan dan d?t hang cua minh

- Xu'ly thong tin ca nhdn: khach hang co thS thay d6i cac thong tin da

dang ki voi sieu thi ma khong c~n lien h~ tr\l'c tiSp voi nhan vien chiu trachnhi~m cua sieu thi Khach hang co thS:

DS th\l'c hi~n chuc nang TI<lY, truoc tien, khach hang c~n dang nh~p vathoat kh6i sau khi da xem hay c~p nh~t thong tin da chinh sua dS dam baotinh bao m~t

- Mua hang: khach hang duy~t web, tim kiSm hang hoa va b6 VaGgi6

hang Sau khi da chQn hang xong, khach hang se quySt dinh thanh toan t~t cahang da chQn NSu thanh toan, khach hang se xem danh sach hang hoa dachQn va t6ng sf>tiSn phai tra (chua bao g6m phi v~n chuySn) va nh~p ten giaodich, m~t khc1udS hoan t~t vi~c thanh toano

Khach hang co thS chQn thai diSm hang hoa duqc chuySn NSu khong dinh thai gian, hang hoa se duqc chuySn dSn sOm nh~t trong ngay.

. Chuang 4: (fng d\,mg mua hang trong sieu thi

32

4.2.1.3 NgU'CYi qUaD tri:

Truac tien, nguai quim tri co thS la mQt ngum duy~t web hay la mQtkhach hang nen co t~t ca cac chilc nang cua cua hai tac nhan neu tren Benqmh do la cac Chll'Cnang chinh cua mQt nguai quan tri nhu:

- Quan If; thong tin khaeh hang: bao g6m them khach hang, thong qua

vi~c thvc hi~n tim ki~m, nguai quan tri co thS huy b6 tai khoan hay C?P nh?t

khach hang quen ten giao dich hay m?t kh~u

- Quan If; aon a(zt hang: bao g6m huy dan d~t hang, chinh sua thong tin

tren dan d~t hang rna chu y~u la ghi nh?n nhan vien giao hang va vi~c dathanh toan hay chua cua dan d~t hang

- Quan If;gop f;: bao g6m duy~t cac gop y da duQ'c chuySn d~n va quy~t

- Quan If; quang eao: bao g6m them chuang trinh khuy~n mai mai, huy

va chinh su'a thong tin cua chuang trinh khuy~n mal

Thimg ke hang ban: hang hoa cua tung m~t hang se duQ'c th6ng ke theo

ngay hay thang Day la can Cll'cho cac ho?t dQng kiSm toan, th6ng ke khacnhung Chll'Cnang duQ'cb6 sung them la til nhling th6ng ke nay, nguai quan tri

co thS quy~t dinh thay d6i milc giam gia va chQn hang hoa ban ch?y dS kichthich vi~c mua s~m cua khach hang

DS thvc hi~n t~t ca cac chilc nang tren, nguai quan tri phai dang nh?p

va thoat kh6i dS dam bao tinh bao m?t

4.2.2 Cac chu'c nang:

4.2.2.1 Gop y:

han va dap u'ng cac yeu cftu con thi~u

4.2.2.2 Dang ki lam khach hang:

duy~t web nh?p cac thong tin:

Chuang 4: (J'ng d\lng mua hang trong sieu thi 33

• Thong tin bat bUQC:hQ ten, phai, ngay sinh, s6 chUng minh nhan

dan va dia chi

• Thong tin khac: di~n tho~i, dia chi email.

Sau do, chQn ten giao dich va m~t khfiu Hai thong tin nay dugc canhbao la khong nen co d~u ti~ng Vi~t va se dugc kiSm tra dS tranh trung:

giao dich cua nguai khac da:dang ki nhung chua ki hgp d6ng

Sau khi t~t ca thong tin da: hqp l~, ten giao dich se dugc luu trfr dSkhong ai dugc dang ki vai ten nay nfra Cac thong tin con l~i se dugc chuySnlen may chu duai d~ng t~p tin van ban vai ten la ten giao dich Va m9t email

tin nay va cu' nhan vien d~n t~n nha dS kf hqp d6ng va thu l~ phi (l~ phi nay se

dugc hoan tra khi khach hang huy tai khoan) Sau do, nguai duy~t web da:tra

thanh khach hang chfnh thtl'c cua sieu thi va co thS mua hang b~ng tai khoanda:dang ki

4.2.2.3 Mua hang:

mua cho tung mon hang

tiSn se thanh toano Tu' day, khach hang cling co thS thay d6i s6 lugng hang da:

c1Wnhay be bat m9t s6 hang da:chQn.

c1wn N~u thanh toan, khach hang c~n nh~p ten giao dich, m~t khfiu dS xacdinh tai khoan thanh toan cho cho s6 hang hoa nay va co thS dinh thai diSm,dia diSm giao hang N~u:

• Khong co tho'i aiim giao hang: hang se dugc giao trong ngay n~u

v~n con trong thai gian giao hang Ngugc l~i, hang se dugc giao vaongay hom sau

• Khong co aia aiim giao hang: hang se dugc giao theo dia chi da:

dang ki trong tai khoan

Sau khi hoan t~t qua trinh thanh toan, khach hang se dugc thong bao

chinh xac s6 tiSn phai tra (bao g6m ca phi v~n chuySn) cung thai gian va nai

giao hang

phan cong nhan vien chiu trach nhi~m giao hang cho hoa dan nay

Sau khi hang dugc giao, nguai quan tri se xac nh~n la da: thanh toantrong dan d~t hang

Chuang 4: Vng dVng mua hang trong sieu thi 34

4.2.2.4 XiI' Iytai khoan ca nhan:

Khach hang khi co nhu c~u xem hay chinh sua thong tin trong tai

khoan ca nhfm cua minh se th\Ic hi~n dang nh?p truac.

khach hang chi duQ'cphep thay d6i:

giao dich truac khi duQ'c C?Pnh?t.

th\l'c hi~n thoat khoi dS dam bao tinh bao m?t

4.2.2.5 Quan Iy thong tin khach hang:

dang nh?p truac.

- fJ6i vo'i cae tiIi khoan hi?n co: thong qua ca chS tim kiSm, co thS

quen m?t kh~u hay ten giao dich

- fJ6i vo'i cae c1iing ki mo'i: t?O tai khoan mai b~ng cach

tim kiSm va li~t ke theo ten giao dich hay ten khach hang Va co thS s~p xSpkSt qua tim duQ'c dS thu?n ti~n cho vi~c quan ly

bao m?t

4.2.2.6 Quan IVgop y:

dang nh?p truac.

va li~t ke theo khoang thai gian gop y duQ'c chuySn dSn, nSu:

• Kh6ng co: li~t ke t~t ca

• Chi co thai di~m d6u: li~t ke dSn thai diSm hi~n t?i

Nguai quan tri c~n thoat khoi khi khong con lam vi~c dS dam bao tinhbao m?t

Chuang 4: Ung dVng mua himg trong sieu thi 35

4.2.2.7 Quan IV guang cao:

dang nh?p truac

su6t thai gian ho~t d9ng cua sieu thi

dugc 1i~tke s&n

thong qua danh sach li~t ke s&n

chuang trinh, ngay b~t d~u va kSt thuc cung ph~n thuong va thS l~cua chuang trinh trong ph~n n9i dung

bao m?t

4.2.2.8 Quan Iy dO'ndat hang:

dang nh?p truac

su6t thai gian ho~t d9ng cua sieu thi

dan d~t hang N9i dung chinh sua chu ySu la nhan vien chiu trach

nhi~m giao hang cho dan d~t hang nay va xac nh?n dan d~t hang da

dugc thanh toan hay chua

bao m?t

Chuang 4: Ung dVng mua hang trong sieu thi 36

4.2.2.9 Th8ng ke hang ban:

Chi nguoi qwin tri mai co chuc nang nay va doi hoi phai th\l'c hi~ndang nh?p truac

hang theo ngay hay theo tung thang, tu' do co cai nhin t6ng quat v~ vi~c muab~n va d~ ra nhGng ho?t d(>ngkich thich vi~c mua s~m cua khach hang nhu:

• Thay d6i muc giam gia

bao m?t

4.3.1 Bi~u d8 Use Case:

Cung c~p cai nhin t6ng quat v~ cac Chll'Cnang trong ling dVng muahang trong sieu thi va cac tac nhan co lien quan

Chuang 4: Ung dt,mg mua hang trong sieu thi 37

N gu()'i duy?l web:

C6 th~ xem thong tin va gui g6p y tren trang web

Khong th~ mua hang N@umuf>n mua hang, ngum duy~t web phai trathanh khach hang cua sieu thi thong qua thu tt,1cdang ki Thu tt,lCnay duQ'ctht,rchi~n trt,rc ti@pt~i sieu thi hay thong qua trang web