Câu hỏi ôn tập sinh học vi sinh tiếng Anh

Anotoni van Leeuwenhoek Câu hỏi 4: List 5 Characteristics of Living Systems Question 1: The term prokaryotes refers to which of the following?. cells that similar to animal cells more th

Câu hỏi 1: Who was the first to observe bacteria with a microscope? *

A Anotoni van Leeuwenhoek

Câu hỏi 4: List 5 Characteristics of Living Systems

Question 1: The term prokaryotes refers to which of the following? *

A very small organisms

B unicellular organisms that have no nucleus

C multicellular organisms

D cells that similar to animal cells more than plant cells

Question 2: Which of the following is the organelle that spirochetes use to propel themselves? *

C cell membrane composition

D All above are correct

Question 4: Which of the following is found in all prokaryotic cells? *

D genus

Question 4: What makes bacteria and archaea different from eukaryotes? *

A They have cell wall

B They lack a nucleus

C They have unicellular structure

D All above are correct

Question 5: A cellular arrangement in which cells form a cubical package of 8 cells is termed *

C rod shaped bacteria

D cluster shaped bateria

Question 7: A polysaccharide that helps the bacteria in adherence to the surface is named

Question 10: The compound microscope consists of two lenses known as *

A objective and eyepiece lens

B objective and condenser lens

C eyepiece and ocular lens

D none of above is correct

Question 11: In microscopy, the specimen appears dark and the microscopic background is brightly illuminated *

A dark field

B bright field

C both A and B are correct

D both A and B are incorrect

Question 12: Lipopolysaccharide is found in cell wall of _ *

A Gram positive bacteria

B Gram negative bacteria

C Both A and B are correct

D Both A and B are incorrect

Question 13: The structure labelled "6" which helps transfer DNA from cell to cell duringbacterial conjugation is called _ *

A flagella

B fimbriae

C pili

D cilia

Question 14: In bacteria, DNA is not surrounded by a membrane The region where DNA

is located is labelled "7" and is called as _ *

A nucleus

B plasmid

C nucleoid

D all above are correct

Question 15: It is a selectively permeable layer made up of phospholipids and proteins which is labelled "3" is _ *

D All above are correct

Question 20: The association of endotoxin in Gram-negative bacteria is a result of the presence of _ *

Question 3: Which of the following is a eukaryote? *

A eukaryotic cells have mitochondria

B eukaryotic cells have cilia and flagella with complex structure

C prokaryotic cells have cell wall

D prokaryotic cells have no genetic material

Question 5: The presence of membrane-enclosed organelles is a characteristic of _ *

Question 2: A positive-strand RNA virus: *

A must first be converted to a mRNA before it can be translated

B can be used directly to translate viral proteins.

C will be degraded by host enzymes

D is not recognized by host ribosomes

Question 3: Which of these infectious agents do not have nucleic acid? *

A viroids

B viruses

Question 1: The time required for a cell to undergo binary fission is called the: *

A exponential growth phase

D it only moves water

Question 5: Active transport of a substance across a membrane requires: *

A a gradient

B the consume of ATP

C water

D diffusion

Which of the following types of microorganisms is photosynthetic?

Which of the following has the highest energy?

A light with a long wavelength

B light with an intermediate wavelength

C light with a short wavelength

D It is impossible to tell from the information given

You place a specimen under the microscope and notice that parts of the specimen begin

to emit light immediately These materials can be described as _

A a brightfield microscope with a stain

B a brightfield microscope without a stain

C a darkfield microscope

D a transmission electron microscope

What type of microscope uses an annular stop?

A a transmission electron microscope

B a scanning electron microscope

Which of the following developed a set of postulates for determining whether a

particular diseases caused by a particular pathogen?

A John Snow

Which of the following organelles is not part of the endomembrane system?

Sugar groups may be added to proteins in which of the following?

A smooth endoplasmic reticulum

B rough endoplasmic reticulum

Which of the following refers to the type of interaction between two prokaryotic

populations in which one population benefits and the other is not affected?

A Mutualism hỗ trợ

D all of the above

E none of the above

Haemophilus influenzae is a common cause of which of the following?

The term “deeply branching” refers to which of the following?

A the cellular shape of deeply branching bacteria

B the position in the evolutionary tree of deeply branching bacteria

C the ability of deeply branching bacteria to live in deep ocean waters

D the pattern of growth in culture of deeply branching bacteria

Which of the following is true of archaea that produce methane?

A They reduce carbon dioxide in the presence of nitrogen

B They live in the most extreme environments.

C They are always anaerobes

D They have been discovered on Mars

Which protist is a concern because of its ability to contaminate water supplies and cause diarrheal illness?

A positive-strand RNA virus:

A must first be converted to a mRNA before it can be translated

B can be used directly to translate viral proteins.

C will be degraded by host enzymes

D is not recognized by host ribosomes

What is the name for the transfer of genetic information from one bacterium to another bacterium by a phage?

B cell fusion

C mononucleated cell

D inclusion bodies

Which of the following is true of prions?

A They can be inactivated by boiling at 100 °C

B They contain a capsid

C They are a rogue form of protein, PrP.

D They can be reliably inactivated by an autoclave

Which of the following is the name for molecules whose structures are

nonsuperimposable mirror images?

A structural isomers

B monomers

C polymers

D enantiomers

By definition, carbohydrates contain which elements?

A carbon and hydrogen

B carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen

C carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

D carbon and oxygen

Monosaccharides may link together to form polysaccharides by forming which type of bond?

A hydrogen

B peptide

C ionic

D glycosidic

Which of the following describes lipids?

A a source of nutrients for organisms

B energy-storage molecules

C molecules having structural role in membranes

D molecules that are part of hormones and pigments

E all of the above

Molecules bearing both polar and nonpolar groups are said to be which of the following?

Proteomic analysis is a methodology that deals with which of the following?

A the analysis of proteins functioning as enzymes within the cell

B analysis of transport proteins in the cell

C the analysis of integral proteins of the cell membrane

D the study of all accumulated proteins of an organism

Which method involves the analysis of membrane-bound carbohydrates?

A FAME

B PLFA

C MALDI-TOF

D Lancefield group testing

Which method involves conversion of a microbe’s lipids to volatile compounds for analysis by gas chromatography?

A FAME

B proteomic analysis

C MALDI-TOF

D Lancefield group testing

Which of the following is an organism that obtains its energy from the transfer of

electrons originating from chemical compounds and its carbon from an inorganic source?

Enzymes work by which of the following?

A increasing the activation energy

B reducing the activation energy

C making exergonic reactions endergonic

D making endergonic reactionsexergonic

To which of the following does a competitive inhibitor most structurally resemble?

A the active site

B the allosteric site

C the substrate

D a coenzyme

Which of the following are organic molecules that help enzymes work correctly?

D citric acid cycle

Which is the location of electron transports systems in prokaryotes?

A the outer mitochondrial membrane

B the cytoplasm

C the inner mitochondrial membrane

D the cytoplasmic membrane

Which is the source of the energy used to make ATP by oxidative phosphorylation?

A oxygen

B high-energy phosphate bonds

C the proton motive force

D Pi

A cell might perform anaerobic respirationfor which of the following reasons?

A It lacks glucose for degradation

B It lacks the transition reaction to convert pyruvate to acetyl-CoA

C It lacks Krebs cycle enzymesfor processing acetyl-CoA to CO2

D It lacks a cytochrome oxidase for passing electrons to oxygen.

In prokaryotes, which of the following is true?

A As electrons are transferred through an ETS, H + is pumped out of the cell.

B As electrons are transferred through an ETS, H+ is pumped into the cell

C As protons are transferred through an ETS, electrons are pumped out of the cell

D As protons are transferred through an ETS, electrons are pumped into the cell.Which of the following is not an electron carrier within an electron transport system?

Which of the following is the first step in triglyceride degradation?

A removal of fatty acids

B β-oxidation

C breakage of fused rings

D formation of smaller peptides

During the light-dependent reactions, which molecule loses an electron?

A a light-harvesting pigment molecule

B a reaction center pigment molecule

C NADPH

D 3-phosphoglycerate

In prokaryotes, in which direction are hydrogen ions pumped by the electron transport system of photosynthetic membranes?

A to the outside of the plasma membrane

B to the inside (cytoplasm) of the cell

C to the stroma

D to the intermembrane space of the chloroplast

Which of the following does not occur during cyclic

Which are two products of the light-dependent reactions are

A glucose and NADPH

B NADPH and ATP

C glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and CO2

D glucose and oxygen

Which of the following is the group of archaea that can use CO2 as their final electron acceptor during anaerobic respiration, producing CH4?

D log, lag, and death phases would all have roughly the same number of endospores.

During which phase would penicillin, an antibiotic that inhibits cell-wall synthesis, be most effective?

A death phase

B lag phase

C log phase

D stationary phase

Which of the following is the best definition of generation time in a bacterium?

A the length of time it takes to reach the log phase

B the length of time it takes for a population of cells to double

C the time it takes to reach stationary phase

D the length of time of the exponential phase

What is the function of the Z ring in binary fission?

A It controls the replication of DNA

B It forms a contractile ring at the septum.

C It separates the newly synthesized DNA molecules

D It mediates the addition of new peptidoglycan subunits

Filamentous cyanobacteria often divide by which of the following?

A budding

B mitosis

C fragmentation phân mảnh

D formation of endospores

Quorum sensing is used by bacterial cells to determine which of the following?

A the size of the population

B the availability of nutrients

C the speed of water flow

D the density of the population

An inoculated thioglycolate medium culture tube is clear throughout the tube except for dense growth at the bottom of the tube What is your conclusion?

A The organisms are obligate anaerobes.

B The organisms are facultative anaerobes

C The organisms are aerotolerant

D The organisms are obligate aerobes

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common pathogen that infects the airways of patients with

cystic fibrosis It does not grow in the absence of oxygen The bacterium is probably which of the following?

A an aerotolerant anaerobe

B an obligate aerobe

C an obligate anaerobe

D a facultative anaerobe

Streptococcus mutans is a major cause of cavities It resides in the gum pockets, does not

have catalase activity, and can be grown outside of an anaerobic chamber The bacterium

is probably which of the following?

that grow in mine drainage at pH 1–2 are probably which of the following?

A Alkaliphiles ưa bazo

B acidophiles ưa axit

C neutrophiles trung tính

D obligate anaerobes

A soup container was forgotten in the refrigerator and shows contamination The

contaminants are probably which of the following?

A thermophiles

B acidophiles

C mesophiles

D psychrotrophs

Why was the alga Acetabularia a good model organism for Joachim Hämmerling to use

to identify the location of genetic material?

A It lacks a nuclear membrane

B It self-fertilizes

C It is a large, asymmetrical, single cell easy to see with the naked eye.

D It makes a protein capsid

Which of the following is not found within DNA?

A thymine

B phosphodiester bonds

C complementary base pairing

D amino acids

If a DNA strand contains the sequence 5ʹ-ATTCCGGATCGA-3ʹ, which of the following

is the sequence of the complementary strand of DNA?

A 5ʹ-TAAGGCCTAGCT-3ʹ

B 5ʹ-ATTCCGGATCGA-3ʹ

C 3ʹ-TAACCGGTACGT-5ʹ

D 5ʹ-TCGATCCGGAAT-3ʹ đọc từ sau ra trước

Which of the following types of RNA codes for a protein?

Which of the following genes would not likely be encoded on a plasmid?

A genes encoding toxins that damage host tissue

B genes encoding antibacterial resistance

C gene encoding enzymes for glycolysis

D genes encoding enzymes for the degradation of an unusual substrate

Histones are DNA binding proteins that are important for DNA packaging in which of thefollowing?

A double-stranded and single-stranded DNA viruses

B archaea and bacteria

C bacteria and eukaryotes

D eukaryotes and archaea

Bài kiểm tra giữa kỳ

1 The ribosome of E coli made up of which two subunits?

3 What are ribosomes composed of?

A Proteins and DNA

B DNA and RNA

C Proteins and RNA

D Proteins, DNA and RNA

4 In the classification of bacteria according to shape, which among the following refer tocuboidal arrangement of bacterial cells?

6 Gram-negative bacteria are more resistant to antibiotics due to the presence of

A Thin peptidoglycan wall

B Outer lipopolysaccharide layer

14 Which among the following compound when added to cytoplasmic membrane helps

in maintaining the rigidity of bacterial cells?

A Lipopolysaccharide

B Protein

C Phospholipid

D Hopanoid

15 Which among the following helps us in getting a 3-D picture of the specimen?

A Scanning Electron Microscope

B Transmission Electron Microscope

19 Which of the following statements about peptidoglycan is FALSE?

A A thicker layer of peptidoglycan means the cell is Gram positive.

B Peptidoglycan is affected by the use of antibiotics.

C A thicker layer of peptidoglycan means the cell would be pink after Gram staining

D Peptidoglycan is a protein/sugar complex

20 E coli alternate between "swimming" and "tumbling" behavior by reversing the rotation of what appendages?

A Capsule

B Fimbriae

C Flagella

D Pili