Spotlight grammar workbook simple sent

Spotlight on Grammar: Simple Sentences teaches the concept of a sentence as a complete thought.. Put these words in order to write a complete sentence.. Changing Statements Into Question

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Copyright © 2006 LinguiSystems, Inc All of our products are copyrighted to protect the fine work of our authors You may only copy the student materials as needed for your own use with students Any other reproduction or distribution of the pages in this book is prohibited, including copying the entire book to use as another primary source or “master” copy.

Printed in the U.S.A.

Carolyn LoGiudice and Kate LaQuay

Skill Area: Grammar

Grades: 3 through 6

To language and learning instructors devoted toimproving students’ skills and supporting theirhighest aspirations

About the Authors

Carolyn LoGiudice, M.S., CCC-SLP, was a speech-languageclinician in school, clinic, and private settings before joiningLinguiSystems in 1984 She has co-authored many materials

with LinguiSystems, including The WORD Test 2, No-Glamour

Vocabulary Cards, The Test of Semantic Skills (TOSS-P and TOSS-I), 100% Grammar, and 100% Punctuation.

Kate LaQuay, J.D., became part of LinguiSystems’ extendedfamily more than 20 years ago when her mother, CarolynLoGiudice, joined the company Now a mother herself, Katehas co-authored several LinguiSystems products, including

U.S History: A Reading Comprehension Book, U.S ment: A Reading Comprehension Game and Spotlight on Vocabulary: Levels 1 and 2 Previously, she practiced law for

Govern-six years in Los Angeles

Carolyn LoGiudice

Kate and Michael LaQuay

Illustrations by Margaret WarnerCover design by Jason Platt

Table of Contents

Introduction 4

Pretest/Posttest 6

What Is a Sentence? 7

The First Word of a Sentence 8

Use a Period to End a Sentence 9

Four Kinds of Simple Sentences 10

Punctuating Statements and Questions 11

Changing Statements Into Questions 12

Identifying Statements and Commands 14

The Subject of a Command 16

Identifying Statements and Exclamations 17

Identifying Incomplete Sentences 18

Writing Complete Sentences 19

Complete Subjects 21

Complete Predicates 22

Simple Subjects 23

Simple Predicates 25

Subject-Verb Agreement 27

Compound Subjects 29

Compound Verbs 31

Direct Objects 33

Indirect Objects 35

Direct and Indirect Questions 37

Answer Key 39

By itself, “grammar” is not an engaging topic for students You won’t hear them spontaneously

discuss the function of an adjective vs an adverb Students don’t get excited about linking verbs Most adults outside the academic arena even shy away from grammar, especially now that our

computers can check our grammar for reports or other writings Even so, effective speakers and writers need to understand and use grammar as a sharp tool to express their thoughts Grammar rules help us modify a message for a target audience We even break some rules on purpose to

be more casual.

Some say the most practical reason to teach grammar in school is to help students score well on tests That practice, while pragmatic, ignores the lifelong benefits of solid grammar skills We make snap judgments when we meet people These impressions are based on communication style as much as appearance and background knowledge When all we know about someone is what that person has written, as in many e-mails, grammar and writing style are even more important.

How, then, do we entice students to master basic grammar well enough to apply it in their

conversation and their writing?

• First, teach the grammar concept or rule Highlight a specific grammar point.

• Then, give your students practice, practice, practice.

• Incorporate the grammar concept in both oral and written activities.

• Spotlight the concept as your students encounter it in textbooks, Internet articles, school announcements, and classroom interaction.

• Demonstrate both correct and incorrect use of the grammar concept Talk about the impact

of the concept on a message’s listener or reader Often a message is clearer when it is grammatically correct Incorrect grammar can also distract from the meaning or desired effect of a message.

The goals of Spotlight on Grammar are below.

• To help students recognize and utilize correct grammar in their speaking and writing

• To boost students’ reading comprehension by understanding the role of grammar

All six books in Spotlight on Grammar concentrate on basic grammar concepts typically mastered

by students in fifth grade Use the Pretest/Posttest on page 6 to determine your students’ specific strengths and weaknesses The activities within each book are sequenced by general complexity Sentence structure, vocabulary, and readability are kept simple to keep students’ energies focused

on the grammar concept vs reading comprehension.

Spotlight on Grammar: Simple Sentences teaches the concept of a sentence as a complete thought.

Your students will differentiate statements, commands, exclamations, and questions and punctuate them correctly Activities in this book also teach students to identify simple and complete subjects and predicates, direct objects, and indirect objects Your students should master the elements of simple sentences in order to progress to reading and writing compound and complex sentences Here are some additional activities that will help your students master simple sentences.

• Write a simple sentence on the board, such as Carl reads Talk about the subject of this

sentence and the verb or predicate Then, ask your students to add more information to this sentence while keeping it a simple sentence (one independent clause, one main thought),

e.g., Carl reads mysteries, Carl often reads, Carl and Jim read magazines, Carl reads and

enjoys comic books, Carl reads and rereads science fiction books on Saturdays, etc.

• Use a magnetic word set or cards with single words on them to play modified Scrabble with your students Instead of putting letters together to spell words, players put words together to

make the longest simple sentences they can (This game is available as Grammar Scramble,

© 1998 LinguiSystems, Inc.)

• Divide the class into even rows Gather one member from each team out of earshot of the others Say a simple sentence to this group On your signal, these players return to their rows and whisper the sentence to the first person in line Each person whispers the same sentence down the row The last person goes to the board and writes the sentence The first team to have the correct sentence on the board wins.

• Divide the class into pairs or small groups Each group thinks of an object and writes simple sentence clues that describe the object One group presents one sentence at a time while the rest of the students guess the object Each person who guesses an object correctly earns one point At the end of a set time period, the person with the most points wins.

• Construct a communal story composed of simple sentences Write the simple-sentence story

as it is created If a student suggests a compound or complex sentence, explain how you know the sentence is compound or complex and ask the student to break it apart to create one simple sentence, even though some of the information will be lost When everyone has contributed at least one sentence, collaborate to add a great ending for your simple-sentence story Illustrate the story and post it on a bulletin board.

We hope Spotlight on Grammar: Simple Sentences is a big hit with you and your students!

Carolyn and Kate

Put these words in order to write a complete sentence

Write an example of each kind of sentence

3 statement _

4 command _

5 exclamation _

6 question _Underline the complete subjectof each sentence Circle the complete predicate

7 All of the dogs barked at me

8 Everyone in the stadium cheered loudly

Circle complete for each complete sentence Circle incompletefor each incompletesentence

9 complete incomplete My first guess

10 complete incomplete Sit with me

11 complete incomplete At the park

Underline each direct objectin these sentences Circle each indirect object

12 My parents threw my sister a surprise party

13 Nate loaned Henry a pen

14 The coach gave me another chance

What Is a Sentence?

Asentence is a group of words that tell a complete

thought A sentence tells about someone or something

doing an action

Sara unlocked the door

Ned plays a game

A sentence can also be a complete statement that

describes someone or something

Roses are red Miguel is our new captain

You capitalize the first letter of a sentence You punctuate the end of a sentence The

ending punctuation for most sentences is a period

Dandelions are weeds We left our jackets on the bench.

Use each word to write a complete sentence Capitalize the first word Use a period

at the end of each sentence

chocolate

friend tired holiday lunch movie phone

➥

The First Word of a Sentence

The first word of a sentence always begins with a capital letter

My brother wants a pet turtle

The teacher looked at me

Put these words in order to write sentences Use a capital

letter for the first word in each sentence

1 my friend is she best

Use a Period to End a Sentence

Use a periodto end a sentence

My dog can do tricks.

Put these words in order to write sentences

Use a period at the end of each sentence

1 ringing is phone the again

Four Kinds of Simple Sentences

There are four kinds of simple sentences Each kind has a certain punctuation mark at theend

Adeclarative sentencemakes a statement It ends with a period

Trevor needs a new jacket.

An imperative sentenceis a command or a request to do something It ends with a period

Close your eyes.

An interrogative sentenceis a question It ends with a question mark

Where are your sunglasses?

An exclamatory sentenceshows strong feeling It ends with an exclamation point

Watch out! Those are bees!

Draw lines to match the words that mean the same thing

➥

Punctuating Statements and Questions

A declarative sentence is a statement about something

It ends with a period

I think it will rain today.

An interrogative sentence is a question It ends with

a question mark

Did you bring your umbrella?

Add the correct punctuation mark at the end of

each sentence

1 How long have you been here

2 Are you going to the football game

3 My sister’s name is Jessica

4 I am allergic to nuts

5 What kind of pets do you have

6 A new family moved in next door

7 My favorite color is purple

8 Who is coming to your party

9 Some dinosaurs only ate plants

10 When will we eat dinner

11 This candy tastes sour

12 Why are you eating lunch by yourself

13 Have you ever tried blueberry ice cream

14 I am going to the library after school

➥

Changing Statements Into Questions 1

You can change many statements into questions

by changing the order of the words in the sentence

Her bubble will pop Will her bubble pop?

Rewrite each statement as a question

1 They are very good friends

Changing Statements Into Questions 2

You can change most statements into questions by changing the order of the words

in the statement Sometimes we need to add the helping verb do That can change

the whole verb in the sentence

The cafeteria serves pizza every day Does the cafeteria serve pizza every day?

Read each statement and question Pay attention to the verbs (bold type) Circle

correct if the question is correct Circle incorrect if the question is incorrect.

3 You like the new principal Does you like the new principal?

4 Tanya listens to her sister Does Tanya listens to her sister?

8 It snows here in the winter Do it snow here in the winter?

9 I want to sit in the front row Do I want to sit in the front row?

Identifying Statements and Commands 1

A declarative sentence makes a statementabout something An imperative sentence is a

command or a request to do something Both of these kinds of sentences end with a period

statement Cindy skates very well.

command Put your dirty clothes in the hamper, please.

Circle statementor commandto show the kind of sentence

for each item

Identifying Statements and Commands 2

A declarative sentence makes a statementabout something An imperative sentence is a

command or a request to do something Both of these kinds of sentences end with a period

statement James shook the jar.

command Bring me my slippers.

Circle statementor commandto show the kind of sentence

for each item

The Subject of a Command

The subject of a command (an imperative sentence) is often missing That’s because thesubject is understood to be you The command tells you to do something

Close your eyes meaning You should close your eyes

Sometimes a command names the person who is being asked to do something

Nita, please be quiet meaning Nitashould be quiet

Read each command or request Write who is supposed to

follow the command or do something Write (you) if the

command is for the person who hears it or reads it

3 Call me back when you get this message

4 Mom, please help me with my homework

8 Please be gentle with the puppy, Sam

10 Follow the red line on the floor

➥

Identifying Statements and Exclamations

A declarative sentence makes a statementabout something It ends

with a period

Randy has a stomachache.

An exclamatory sentence is an exclamation It shows excitement about

something An exclamation ends with an exclamation mark

The magic show was amazing!

Circle statementor exclamationto show the kind of sentence for each item

Identifying Incomplete Sentences

Acomplete sentencetells a complete thought about something It has a verb

Brandon does his homework after soccer practice

An incomplete sentencedoes not tell a complete thought, even if it has a verb

After soccer practice

saw Brandon and his friend Jake

Circle complete or incomplete to show the kind of sentence for each item

Writing Complete Sentences 1

An incomplete sentencedoes not tell a complete thought It is missing something

Acomplete sentencetells a whole thought

The chocolate cake is over there

Change each incomplete sentence into a complete

sentence Write your sentences on the lines

Writing Complete Sentences 2

Change each incomplete sentence into a complete sentence

Write your sentences on the lines