Scientific english for biotechnology lesson 3 dna sv

Question and Answer Why does A pair with T and G to C?. Question and Answer Coding strand and template strand... Question and Answer Protein ladder DNA ladder... The nuclear localization

Phat Xuan Dinh Ph.D, DVM

SCIENTIFIC ENGLISH FOR

BIOTECHNOLOGY

CHAPTER 3 DNA

Question and Answer

What is the

structure of DNA?

Question and Answer

Who discovered the double helix structure of DNA?

Question and Answer

What are the four nitrogen bases of DNA?

This is due to the chemical structure

of each base Adenine and Thymine establish two hydrogen bonds

between them Guanine and Cytosine establish three hydrogen bonds

between them

Question and Answer

Why does A pair with T and G to C?

Other forces: Hydrophobicity,

phosphodiester, disulfide, peptide bond

This is due to the chemical structure of each

base Adenine and Thymine establish two

hydrogen bonds between them Guanine and

Cytosine establish three hydrogen bonds between them

Question and Answer

a sugar, a phosphate group, and a

How many strands of DNA are there?

What replaces thymine from DNA in RNA?

Question and Answer

What kind of sugar does DNA contain?

deoxyribose

Question and Answer

What are the repeating units

of DNA called?

Question and Answer

B (left), A (middle) Z-DNA

B/A/Z Form of DNA

-B: most common in cells -A: RNA-DNA and RNA-RNA duplexes -Z: stretches of alternating purines and pyrimidines, e.g GCGCGC,

especially in negatively supercoiled DNA

What is a gene?

Question and Answer

To understand better: Channuoi.com.vn

What does mRNA do?

Question and Answer

Coding strand and template strand

It passes through the nuclear pores and

goes to the ribosomes to give the codes to make proteins

Question and Answer

DNA can be found in what organelles in the cell?

Question and Answer

The sides of the DNA ladder

are composed of what?

Question and Answer

Protein ladder DNA ladder

Where in the cell are chromosomes located? cleus

Question and Answer

Why is RNA necessary to act as a messenger? Why can't the code be taken directly from the DNA?

Question and Answer

RNA acts like a messenger because it

transfers the codes for the DNA since DNA is too big to fit through the nuclear pores

Question and Answer

LBR: Lamine B receptor

What do the amino acid sequences look like?

Question and Answer

There are two steps in this process:

1 The nuclear localization signal on a

protein is recognized by another protein

called an importin The importin binds to

the nuclear localization signal and brings the protein to be transported to the

nuclear pore The importin, with its

"cargo" moves through the nuclear pore into the nucleus

Question and Answer

2 In the nucleus, a protein called Ran, which has a

GTP molecule bound to it, binds to the importin

with its cargo This makes the importin release the transported protein into the nucleus The importin, still bound to Ran-GTP returns to the cytosol,

where Ran-GTP is released from the importin and the GTP bound to Ran is hydrolyzed to GDP, In this way, the importin is brought back to the cytosol

where it can pick up another protein destined for the nucleus (Ran-GDP can be sent back to the

nucleus by piggy-backing on to a protein called

NTF2 or nuclear transport factor 2)

Question and Answer

Where are proteins made in the cell?

What is the process of copying of DNA called?

What is a DNA polymerase?

Question and Answer

An enzyme that breaks the weak

hydrogen bonds holding the base pairs together splitting the DNA ladder down the middle

When does DNA copy itself?

Question and Answer

Question and Answer

Cell cycle

as a pie

chart

What is transcription?

Question and Answer

a single strand of DNA is made to create the

messenger RNA

One side of a DNA strand is coded AGTCAGGATTC, what is the other side of the DNA strand?

Question and Answer

What is the RNA strand of the DNA strand ATGCCCTTAA?

Question and Answer

What is the complementary RNA strand of the DNA strand

ATGCCCTTAA?

Question and Answer

What is the grouping of 3 nucleotides

in RNA called?

Question and Answer

What does each codon code for?

Question and Answer

Amino Acid

What amino acid does every strand end with?

What is in the tRNA that is

complementary to the mRNA called?

Question and Answer

Infection: and-viral-infections

http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/bacterial-Protein structure

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