Khóa luận tốt nghiệp Văn học: Từ địa phương trong ca dao Nam bộ

Khóa luận tốt nghiệp Văn học: Từ địa phương trong ca dao Nam bộ tài liệu, giáo án, bài giảng , luận văn, luận án, đồ án,...

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KHOA KHOA HOC CO BAN

KHOA LUAN TOT NGHIEPCHUYEN NGANH VAN HOC

TIT DIA PHlTONG TRONG CA DAO NAM BO

Giang vien huxmg dan:

ThS TANG TAN LOC

m\ ho<

Sinh ven thyc hien:

DlTONG Tffl THU THAO

T(ffifr

Hdu Giang, thdng 05 nam 2013

von kien thuc dirge tiep thu trong qua trinh hoc khong chi la nen tang eho qua trinh

nghien ciru khoa luan ma con la hanh trang qui ban dc em birac vao dai mot each

virng chac va tu tin

Cuoi cung em kinh chuc quy ITiay, Co doi dao sue khoe va thanh cong trongsir nghiep eao quy

Tran trong kinh chao!

Sinh vien thuc hi en

(Ky va ghi ro ho (en)

Duong Thi Thu Thao

LOI CAM DOAN

Toi xin cam doan rang de tai nay la do chinh toi thuc hien cac so lieu thu

thap va ket qua phan tich trong de tai la trung thuc, dc* tai khong trung vai bat cu detai nghien ciru khoa hoc nao

Sinh vien thuc hien

(Ky va ghi ro ho (en)

Duong Thi Thu Thdo

1.1.3.2 Xet tren binh dien tir vung - ngir nghTa 11

1.2.3 Hinh thuc the hien cua ca dao Nam Bo 19

2.1.1 Tir ximg ho trong quan he ho gia dinh than toe 24

2.2 NHOM TU DJNH DANH CHO CAC DONGNUOC, VUNG DAT 29

2.2.2 Nhom tir dungde goi ten eho cac vung dat ten dat 30

iii

2.3 NHOM TUMIEUTAsy' VAN DONG CUA DONGNUOC 32

2.5 NHOM TU' DINII DANH CHO CAC LOAI CONG CU LAO DONG 38

DANH MUC BIEU BANG

Bang 1: So sanh each vay mirgn cua phuang ngu Nam Bo va phuang ngu Bac Bo Bang 2: Khao sat ve mat ngir am ngu nghla cua tir dia phuang Nam Bo trong sir

doi chieu vai tir toan dan.

mo oAu

1 Li do chon de tai

Viet Nam la dat nuac co mot be day van hoa lich sir lau dai do qua trinh hinhthanh va phat trien dan cu khac nhau nen dieu kien song cua tung vung khac nhaudan den net dae trung van hoa cua tung vung Nhimg ncH dae trimg cua tung dia

phirang dirge the hien rat ro net mau sac dia phuang da tra nen mot cai gi do ratben vung ton tai trong cong dong va dieu do lam phong phii them nen van hoa ca

nuac Bai tir dia phuang khong phai la mot van de nam ngoai pham vi van hoa dan

toe ma no ciing la mot khia canh cua ngon ngu Ngon ngu khong chi dan thuan la

16i an tieng noi cua con nguai ma thong qua vice nghien ciru ngon ngir chiing ta co

the hieu dirge phan nao ve tinh each cua con ngirai An sau ngon ngir la ca mot nen

van hoa the hien trong each an mac each a each xay dung nha cua xom lang

Nam Bo la noi tan ciing cua To quoc noi cu ngu cua nhung con ngirai nghla

khi Cuoc song ciia nhimg nguai niia nam miia nuac noi nay dirge phan anh nhu thenao trong ca dao Ca dao noi len dirge dieu gi ve tinh each, tap quan phong tiic Vamot dieM.i cung rat quan trong la qua Ca dao chiing ta biet them dirge dirge gi ve

tieng noi each dien dat cua nguai dan xu Nam Bo nay Vai be day van hoa von co

ciia minh Nam Bo luon dirge danh gia la nai chiia dung nhieu yeu to van hoa docdao ma khong vung nao dia phuang nao cung co Mot trong nhimg dieu dae biet ay

phai ke den tir dia phucrng ciia nguai Nam Bo hay nhu mot so nguai thuang goi laphirang-ngu (regional dialect) Nam Bo hoac noi mot each chinh-xac han la tho-ngfr (subdialect) Nam Bo

Chinh vi the ma toi chon de tai '"/«• dia phirang trong ca dao Nam Bo " de

thuc hien khoa luan tot nghiep

2 Ljch sir van de

Tu dia phuang la mot de tai kha hap dan vai cac nha ngon ngir hoc va trenthirc te cung co nhieu nghien ciiu dang ke ve de tai nay Cac tac gia tieu bieu nhu:Tran Tlii Ngoc Lang Iluynh Cong Tin Iran Van Nam Nguyen Ihe Truyen,

Nguyen Tliien Giap, O day chiing toi se trinh bay mot each he thong cac cong

trinh nghien ciiu tieu bieu:

1 Iluynh Cong Tin vai "Tie dien Tir ngir Nam Bo " Tir nhimg birac khai dau

rat ca ban ve ngu am tieng Sai Gon Iluynh Cong Tin da danh dau birac quan trongtrong viec nghien cuu tieng dia phuang Nam Bo Tir dien da dong gop eho chiing ta

mot lirgng tri thuc tong hgp trong vice tim hieu tir ngu Nam Bo a cac binh di£n tir

vung ngir am ngu nghla

2 Trong cong trinh "Cam nhan ban sac Nam Bo ", Nxb Van hoa - Thong tin,

2006 Iluynh Cong Tin da the hien tron ven ban sac que huong Nam Bo mot kho

tang van hoa Nam Bo Trong chuang "Mot so van de ve phirong ngir Nam Bo" Iluynh Cong Tin da the hien sir hinh thanh phirong ngCr Nam Bo nhu: "Phirong ngir

Nam Bo Id tieng noi cua ngicdi dan Nam Bo Phirong ngu, theo dinh nghla cua "Tir dien tieng Viet", la hien the dia phirong hoac hien the xd hoi cua ngon ngu: Nhu

vay, phirong ngu Nam Bo dime hieu la hien the dia li cua ngon ngir toan dan Cac

phuang ngu co sir khac nhau a giong noi, each phut dm, tir ngu, phong each, ngu phap Cdc mat nay khac nhau hay khong dong deu " [9, 244] Trong luan van nay

toi se nghien cuu va ro hon cac binh dien ngir am, tir vung, ngu nghla co sir khacbiet Ian trong cac phuang ngir cua tieng Viet, de thay dirge net da trung ve phuangngu dirge sir dung trong lai an tieng noi hang ngay

Cung theo Iluynh Cong Tin, cac cong trinh nghien ciru phuang ngu tir trirac

den nay chu veil theo khuynh huong: "Nghien ciru phuang ngu gan lien vai nghien

ciru ngon ngu" Khuynh huong tiep theo la: "Nghien ciru phirong ngu gan lien vdi

yen can chudn hoa va irng dung tieng Viet vao cuoc song xd hoi", khuynh huong nay

dirge nha ngon ngir tap trung nghien cuu nhieu hon va cac van dc nghien ciru naycung dirge cac tac gia khai thac a nhieu goc do Theo nhan xet cua Huynh Cong Tin.hai khuynh huong nghien ciiu dieu dura co cong trinh rieng nghien cuu mot eachkhai quat toan dien ve cac van de phuang ngir va ling dung ciia no vao cuoc song, xa

hoi.Khuynh huong cuoi cung la: "Nghien ciru ngon ngu gan lien vdi mot so hinh dien

cu the cua phuang ngu", khuynh huong nay dugc cac nha ngon ngu hoc quan tarn,

co cac cong trinh cua cac tac gia nhu: Hoang Thj Chau Iran Ihi Ngoc Lang

4 Trong Phirong ngu Nam Bo, Iran Thj Ngoc Lang da chi ra dugc sir khac

nhau co ban giua phuang ngir Nam Bo va phuang ngir Bac Bo Noi dung cua tacpham nay co hai phan Ion nhu: Phan thu nhat: lac gia dua ra sir khac biet ve mat tuvimg, ngir am ngir nghla giua Phirong ngir Bac Bo va Phuang ngir Nam Bo.Phan

thu hai: Tac gia chi ra sir khac nhau giua Phirong ngu Bac Bo va Phuong ngu' Nam

Bo ve mat chuc nang cau tao (1 phan nay tac gia di sau khao sat cac nhom tir the

hien trong each xung ho cua Phirong ngir Nam Bo so vai Phirong ngu Bac Bo vacac nhom tir the hien trong each xung ho cua Phirong ngu Nam Bo so vai Phuangngu Bac Bo va theo ket qua ciia tac gia Tran Ini Ngoc Lang trong cong trinh nay la:

Khi khao sat sir khac nhau giira phirong ngir la: "Can chit y den su khac biet trong each dung tir ngu" [6, 72] Trong thuc te "co nhimg tir ngu ve nghla khong co sir khac nhau giira cac phuang ngir, nhimg chiing lai duac dimg khac nhau, co kha nang khac nhau trong sir ket hop vdi cac tir ngir khac de tao ra nhung nghla khac nhau, dimg trong nhimg tinh huong khac nhau'' [6, 72 ].

5 Trong cong trinh nghien cuu Tir vung hoc tieng Viet, Do Huu Chau Nguyen Thien Giap co de cap den mot so van de ciia phuang ngu nhu: "Cdch phat dm tirdia phuang cua tieng Viet, hay ranh gidi va viec phan vung phuang ngir trong tieng

Viet".

6 Nguyen Van Hau da tung de cap den mien Nam va Van hoc dan gian dja

phirong qua cuon"Van hoc mien Nam luc tinh " Trong cong trinh nay, tac gia da the hien ca dao qua rat nhieu phuang dien nhu: "Sir hien be trong ca dao, nghe thudt

Ca dao, Dau vet dia phirong, Thuang ve que cu, tinh yen dam ihdm, duyen no la lang, lao dong than thai tiet, phong tuc tap quan " Lam da dang them nen Van

hoc dan gian Viet Nam noi chung Van hoc mien Nam noi rieng thay dugc y nghla

bieu trung sau sac qua nlurng tu dia phuang moc mac chan thanh dugc nguai dan

Nam Bo the hien qua bai ca dao Va toi se lam ro hon "Dau vet dia phirong" de

thay dugc nguon goc ciia ca dao xuat phat tir dau va co y nghla gi trong cuoc song

cua nguai dan

7 Theo ket qua nghien cuu cua Tran Van Nam ve "Ca dao Nam Bo - Ca dao cua vung dat nidi" da the hien nhung dae diem cua vung dat Nam Bo nhu: "Ve

hoang vu cua thien nhien, mot dau an trong nhung bai ca cua thien nhien dat nude.

ITinh anh nguai di khai hoang Ca dao Nam Bo- Ca dao vung song nude" Dieu

nay da the hien dugc moi truong song nuoc cong vai cong trinh xay dimg (cau)

cong cu san xuat (cau, la thuyen) phuang tien giao thong (thuyen do, xuong.ghe ) nghTa la tong the nhung yeu to cua cuoc song tren song nuac da di vao ca

dao Nam Bo Moi truong song nuoc mot mat la doi tuong de ca dao phan anh ca

nggi; mat khac vai tu each bieu trung do lai la phuang tien nghe thuat de the hiennoi dung Dieu nay eho thay ca dao Nam bo gan chat vai moi truong van hoa \iing

song nuoc da san sinh ra no

8 Nguyen The Truyen vai "Ngon ngir ngirai Nam Bo trong ca dao - dan ca"

da the hien "Trong ca dao dan ca Nam Bo dae biet rat hay gap cac tir ngir dia phuang theo each phdt dm dia phirong, Ngirai Nam Bo co mot he thong tirngir dia

phirong phong phii va dae sac Do la nhimg tir ngir chi canh vdt thien nhien, canh sinh boat va lao dong san xuat cua nguai dan Rat nhieu tir ngir trong von tir dae

biet do da duac phan anh trong ca dao dan ca DI nhien khong phai moi tirngir dia

phuang deu duac phan anh trong ca dao dan ca Song nhimg tir ngir duac phan anh deu la nhimg tirngir quan trong nhdt hieu thi nhimg sir vdt, hien tuong, boat dong,

tinh chat, rat quen thuoc, gan gui trong dai song cua nguai dan dia phuang".

Vay trong luan van nay toi se trinh bay ro hon ve each dung tir dia phuang eachphat am va y nghla ciia tir dia phirong

Nhu vay co the noi rang vice nghien ciru sir dung tu dia phirong trong ca dao

Nam Bo la mot van de rat thu vi hap dan va co phan moi me Toi hi vong nghien

eiin vice sir dung tir dia phirong trong ca dao Nam Bo noi ricng co the bo sung hieu

qua va thiet thuc vao cong vice nghien ciru phong each nghe thuat ca dao Nam Bo

noi cluing Chinh vi vay qua mot so nghien cuu va birac dau khao sat trong khuon

kho bai luan van toi xin dua ra mot vai cam nhan ve tir dia phirong 6 goc do van hoahoc va a goc do ngon ngu hoe Muon gop mot phan hieu biet it oi cua minh de timhieu them ve tir dia phirong trong cadao Nam Bo

3 Muc dich nghien cuu:

Nghien ciiu de tai "Tir dia phirong trong ca dao Nam Bo " giiip eho cluing ta

he thong lai kien thuc ve tir dia phuang, hieu ro hon ve tir dja phuang the hiendugc ban chat con nguai Nam Bo qua each dung tir con phan anh dugc tinh chatlich sii' meu ta kha chi tiet phong tuc tap quan trong sinh hoat vat chat tinh than ciianguai dan lao dong Nam Bo giiip eho cluing ta hieu ro hon dae trung tir dja phirongnoi day mot each cu the sau sac hon, biet dugc sir phat trien tir dja phuang tu xuaden nay

Viec nghien ciru tir dja phuang trong ca dao se giiip chung ta hieu them dugcmot phan nao do ve cai noi dung phong phii ma ca dao bieu dat tir dja phirong la

doi tuong nghien cuu con ca dao Nam Bo la pham vi nghien ciru Nghien cuu cac tir

dja phirong trong ca dao se eho la thay nhung phong tuc tap quan va dae trungrieng ciia tung vung, tung dia danh triroe day dugc phan anh trong ca dao, manhung dja danh nay co khi da khong con nira hoac da bj bien doi thanh mot dja danh

khac do qua trinh phat trien cua lich sir

Qua viec nghien cuu tir dja phirong trong ca dao Nam Bo lam ro dae diemngon ngir va toi se thong ke phan loai va nhan xet cluing each dung tir dja phuangciia nguai dan Nam Bo de hieu ro hon ve tinh each, net dae trung van hoa rieng ciiavung dat Nam Bo trong cac cau ca dao

4 Doi tuong va pham vi nghien cuu

4.1 Doi tuong nghien ciru

Doi tuong nghien cuu trong khoa luan la he thong tu dja phuong trong cadao Nam Bo, nhat la tu dja phirong chi dja hinh trong dja danh ca dao Nam bo gom

co dja danh chi cac doi tuong tir nhien va dja danh chi cac doi tuong nhan tao

4.2 Pham vi nghien ciiu

Cluing toi chi sir dimg quyen "Ca dao dan ca Nam Bg " (1984) cua Bao Djnh

Giang Nguyen Tan Phat Iran Tan VTnh Bui Manh Nhj de lam ngu lieu khao sat

5 Phuong phap nghien ciiu

Thuc hien khoa luan chiing toi sir dung cac phirong phap nghien ciru sau:

- Phuang phap khao sat thong ke: toi da tien hanh thu thap cac cau ca dao

Nam Bo de phuc vu eho de tai nghien cuu, dua vao nhung cau ca dao de khao sat

cac tir dja phuong va sau do thong ke cac cac tir dja phuang dugc sir dung theo mot

so tieu chi can thiet de lam tu lieu eho qua trinh phan tich cluing minh sau nay Sau

do tien hanh long hop, phan loai tudja phuong vua khao sat

- Phuang phap van boa hoc qua vice nghien cuu tir dja phuang trong ca dao

Nam Bo eho ta thay dugc nhung net dae trung cua van hoa truyen thong nguaiNam bo dugc sir dung bang nhung tu ngir dja phirong chan chat, moc mac

- Phuang phap so sanh, doi chieu: giira cac nhom tir dja phirong tren binh

dien: Ngu am tir vung - ngir nghla clurc nang cau tao va phong each dien dat de

tir do rut ra nhung nhan djnh, danh gia khach quan chinh xac hon ve phong each sirdung ngon ngir de thay dugc hieu qua cua vice dung tir dja phuong trong ca dao

Nam Bo.

- Phuang phap phan tich ngir nghla: la dira vao mat nghla cua tu dugc dae

biet clui y de tim hieu noi dung cac tir ngu dja phuong dugc sir dung trong ca daoNam Bo Tir dja phuong do dugc sir dung mang y nghla nhu the nao chi sir vat hientuong nao thong qua each bieu dat

- Phuang phap phan tich dien ngon: la phuong phap dung nhimg tir dja

phirong dirge sir dung trong ca dao trong cac moi quan he da ehieu voi ngu canh.moi truong tir nhien con nguai

Ngoai ra con sir dung mot so phirong phap bo trg khac khi can thiet nhuphuong phap ngon ngu hoc ljch sir hoc

CHUONG 1:

CO SO LI THUYET

1.1 NHUNG VAN DE CHUNG VE TU DIA PHUONG

1.1.1 Tir dia phuong Nam Bo

1.1.1.1 Khai niem tir dja phuong

Tir dja phuang la lop tir dirge dung chu yen trong phong each khau ngu 6 cac

dja phirong No phan anh sac thai dja phuang nhat la de bieu hien tinh each dja

phuang cua nhan vat Tir dja phircmg de bo sung eho tir toan dan trong truong hgpvon tir toan dan thieu phirong tien mieu ta that diing doi tuong ma nha van djnh bieu

hien No eon nhan manh tinh chat rieng biet ve khu virc dja ban cua hien tuonghoac nhan vat dugc mieu ta No eon tao nen sir hoa hgp dong cam giua tac gia voinhan vat.

Bui Tat Tuom trong "Gido trinh Tieng Viet" Nxb Giao due da djnh nghla tir dja phirong nhu sau: "77/- dia phuong la nhimg tir chi dimg trong mot dia phuong

nhdt djnh Cliung song song cung ton tai vdi fir toan dan Tir dja phuang duac diing

trong khau ngir tu nhien" [1 1; 104]

Theo Nguyen Thien Giap trong "Tir vung Tieng Viet" Nxb Trung hoc chuyen nghiep thi: ""Tir dja phuong Id nlurng tir duac dimg ban che a mot vai dja phuang,

tu dja phuang Id dang hien the cua ngon ngir dan toe" [2; 22 1]

Trong "Tir dien Thuat ngir ngon ngir hoc" Cao Xuan I lao eho rang "Tir dja phuang khong a trong ngon ngir van hoc ma thuoc ve tieng noi cua mot vimg dat nhdt djnh Chiing mang sac thdi dja phuong Nguai cua dja phuong nay khong hieu

tir cua dja phuong khac " [4; 399]

Trong "Dan luan ngon ngir hoc" cac tac gia Nguyen Thien Giap Doan Thien Thuat Nguyen Minh Thuyet neu len khai nien tir dja phuong nhu sau: '"Id

nhimg tir ngir dimg ban che a mot bode mot vdi dja phirong Noi chung, tir dja

phuang la bo phan tir vimg cua ngon ngir noi hang ngdy cua ho phan nao do cua

dan toe chir khong phai la tir vung cua ngon van hoc Khi dimg vao sdeb hdo nghe

thuat, cac tir dja phirong dieu mang sac thai tu tir: dien ta lai dae diem cua dja

phirong, dae diem cua nhan vdt " [3; 1 14]

Tom lai co rat nhieu each djnh nghla khac nhau ve tir dja phirong Nlurngnhin chung cac khai niem tren dieu thong nhat a eho: Tir dja phirong la lop tir

chuyen dung 6 mot dja phirong nhat djnh so voi tir toan dan thi pham vi sir dungciia no hep hon nhieu

1.1.1.2 Khai niem tii dja phuong Nam Bo

Tir dja phuang Nam Bo la mot trong cac nhom cua phirong ngu tieng Viet.Phuang ngu nay dirge cu dan nguai Viet sir dung tai khu virc Nam Bo Tir djaphirong Nam Bo co dae diem ve each phat am tir vimg each sir dung tir ngu khac

biet kha Ion so voi tieng Viet o cac khu virc khac cua Viet Nam

Trong '"Tir dien Tir ngir Nam Bo" Iluynh Cong Tin co de cap toi khai niem phuong ngu Nam Bo nhu sau: "Phuang ngir Nam Bo la tieng noi cua ngirai dan

Nam Bo Phuang ngir, theo djnh nghla cua " Tir dien tieng Viet", la hien the dja

phircmg bode bien the xd hoi cua ngon ngir Nhu vay, phuang ngir Nam Bo duac hieu Id hien the dja ly cua ngon ngir toan dan " [10; 40]

Nhu vay co the hieu phirong ngu Nam Bo la tieng noi ciia nguoi dan viingNam Bo NcS the hien each dien dat each phat am each sir dung tir ngu rieng cuacon nguai Nam Bo No la noi ehira dung cac yeii to van hoa phong tuc tap quan.sinh hoat xa hoi ciia con nguai va vung dat Nam Bo

1.1.2 Sir hinh thanh tir dia phuong Nam Bo

Phuong ngir la hinh thirc ngon ngu dugc sir dung trong cong dong dan cu taimot viing mien nhat djnh tren lanh tho mot nuoc Tren the gioi khong co quoc gianao ma khong co phuang ngir Sir ton tai cua phuong ngir la mot ton tai tat yeu ciiaIjch sir - xa hoi Sir hinh thanh cua phuang ngu noi cluing, phuang ngu Nam Bo noi

rieng do nhieu nguyen nhan

Cac phuang ngu co sir khac nhau o giong noi each phat am tir ngu phong

each, ngir phap Cac mat khac nhau nay khong dong deu O binh dien ngir phap it

co sir bien doi hon cac binh dien khac Cac binh dien ngir am tir vimg - ngu nghla

co sir khac biet Ion trong cac phuang ngir ciia tieng Viet Cac mat khac nhau naykhong do sir khac nhau ve nguon goc ngon ngu ma do dieu kien dja ly, dieu kien xahoi hinh thanh Cho nen noi mot each chung nhat phuang ngu la mot chuoi cac netbien dang dja phuong tir mot ngon ngir toan dan do nhung tac dong dja ly xa hoi

ma dan hinh thanh.

Sir ngan each ve dja ly mii doi a mot dat nuoc co ehieu dai tuong doi Ion nay

da mot thoi lam eho sir giao km tiep xuc cua nguoi dan giua cac viing bj ban che

lieng Viet loan dan bj co lap giao tiep trong cac vung, mien nho va do la dieu kienkhien Tieng Viet thong nhat phat trien theo khuynh huong khac nhau Mat khac y

thuc lang xom cung dan tao eho nguoi dan tarn ly ngai di lai ngai tiep xuc Do cung

chinh la nguyen nhan dan den vice chia eat trong tieng Viet

Ljch sir phat trien viing dat phirong Nam ciia To Quoc cung di lien voi lich sirciia nhieu cuoc chien tranh chia cat co tinh chat dai dang, quyet liet ma chinhnhung cuoc chien tranh nay chia cat ban sir tiep xuc giua cac viing mien, lam ehotieng Viet phat trien theo nhung mo hinh xa hoi a nlurng viing mien nay

Iieng Viet nhin chung co sir thong nhat rat eao Nguoi dan giua cac viing.mien ve co ban hoan toan co the tiep xuc dugc voi nhau Tuy nhien neu can cir vao

sir khac biet ngon ngu thi a binh dien ngu am thi co the chia tieng viet thanh bonviing phuong ngu Ion Do la viing phuang ngir Bac Bo Bac Trung Bo Nam Trung

Bo va Nam Bo.

Viing phuang ngir Nam Bo bao gom ba khu virc la: mien Dong Nam Bo SaiGon va Pay Nam Bo tinh tir Binh Phirac lay Ninh den mui Ca Mau

Nam Bo von la viing dat moi luu dan vao lap nghiep va mang theo nhung tap

tuc thoi quen trong moi sinh hoat Dii den mot xir so "la limg" con nguoi khi da

quen voi cuoc song moi thi cung dan dan hinh thanh nen nlurng tap tuc loi song

moi sao eho phii hgp voi dieu kien tir nhien xa hoi hien co Khong chi thay doi vedoi song, van hoa ma ngon ngu cung it nhieu co sir thay doi Tuy nhien sir bien doingon ngu khong Ion lam Song, no cung tao nen mot net rieng ve ngon ngu cua connguai Nam Bo Phuong ngir Nam Bo eho ta thay dirge mot phan ca tinh ciia connguai Nam Bo Nhung loi noi nghe rat gan gui va binh dj Phuang ngir Nam Bo dagop phan vao trong kho tang Tieng Viet toan dan lam phong plui va giau dep them

eho tieng Viet

Phuang ngir Nam Bo la tieng Viet cua nguoi Nam Bp Iieng Viet cua nguoiNam Bo co sir khac biet voi Tieng Viet cua cac viing mien khac tren ca ba phuongdien tinh tir sir khac biet de dang nhan biet: Phuong dien ngu am phirong dien tir

vung-ngu nghla, phuang dien ngu phap va phong each dien dat it co sir khac biethoac kho nhan dien hon.

Ngon ngir va tu duy von co moi quan he bien cluing Ngon ngir the hien tuduy con tu duy dugc co djnh hoa bang nhung vo vat chat ngon ngu Di lien voi ljehsir khai hoang mien Nam la qua trinh hinh thanh nhung net rieng moi eho nhung cirdan nguoi Viet Tren phirong dien ngon ngir sir thay doi trong ngon ngu khong chidien ra a lap cu dan nguoi Viet vao Nam ma a tat ca nhung cong dong nguai Viettai eho Vi sir thay doi trong ngon ngu khong chi do tac dong cua nhan to khong

gian ma co ca nhan to thai gian 6 binh dien khong gian, tir sir tac dong cua vi tri

dja ly va hoan canh xa hoi sir thay doi dien ra se la tat yeu Nhung xet 6 mat thoigian sir van dong chuyen bien cung la quy luat

Nhu vay, theo quy luat cua thai gian khong chi co phuang ngu Nam Bo dugchinh thanh trong qua trinh di dan moi co sir bien doi ngay ca tieng Viet cua bo phandan cu Bac Bo hay Bac Trung Bo sau ngan ay nam ljch sir cung co sir thay doi nhatdjnh Tuy vay sir thay doi nay dien ra o mire phuong ngu vi moi sir khac biet chilap thanh tinh chat cua tieu he thong Khi de cap toi phuang ngu Nam Bo cac nhangu hoc van thCra nhan co sir khac biet voi phirong ngu Bac Bo - "Tieng Viet chuan

o tat ca cac binh dien nhu: Ngu am tir \11ng ngu phap

1.1.3 Dae diem ciia tir dja phuong Nam Bo

Tir dja phirong Nam Bo ra doi tuy co muon hon so voi phuong ngu cac viingkhac nhung khong vi the ma no ngheo nan, trai lai no rat da dang, phong phii vagiau sac thai bieu cam Phuong ngu Nam Bo la tieng noi cua nguoi Nam Bo Nochira dimg cac yeu to van hoa phong tuc tap quan loi song, tinh each ciia nguoiNam Bo Phirong ngu Nam Bo khac so vai cac viing mien khac 6 cac phmmg dien:

ngir am tir vimg - ngir nghla, ngir phap va phong each dien dat

1.1.3.1 Xet tren binh dien ngu am

Tren binh dien ngir am sir khac biet ngu am hoe giua phuong ngu Nam Bo(tieng Sai Gon) va tieng Viet chuan phuang ngu Bac Bo (tieng Ha Noi) phuangngu Bac Trung Bo dien ra tren cac thanh phan cua am tiet phu am dau thanh dieu.phan van.

Tieng Viet cua nguoi Viet, nguoi Nam Bo co qua trinh tiep xi'ic kha lau dai

voi tieng Phap Bai do co sir tiep nhan qua lai vay mirgn Ian nhau De dien dat thuctai moi nguoi Nam Bo tiep nhan, vay mirgn mot so yeu to cua tieng Phap, tieng

nuoc ngoai Cach vay muon cua nguoi Nam Bp \ira giong vira khac voi each vay

mirgn cua nguoi Bac Bo Cu the nhu sau:

Tieng Phap

Phuong ngu Nam Bo

Phuong ngir

Bic Bo

Ghi chu

Roneo (may in) ro-ne-6 (may in) ro-ne-6 Khong bien am

Co mot lop tir vung Nam Bo co hien tugng bien am so voi lop tir vung cluing

Sir bien am nay co the do khuynh huong phat am don gian hoa ciia nguoi Nam Bo:

Ilao ban, minb mang, phui phai, tuom luom,muom nirdp, tien phuong, chdng vdng,

le let hoac do khuynh huong kien kj: hue (hoa) kieng (canh), huong (hong)

Trong phuang ngu Nam Bo hien tugng bien am eon dien ra o hang loat tir chang

han: chu bu, chu hit; chir bit; cbirhu : teo, teo, tea : rinh, renh, rang

Viing dong bang song nuoc co mot lop tir ngir phan anh dja hinh cay coi

song nuoc cua \\~\\zx\:song, rach, xeo, kinh, imrang, ranh

Dien ta hien tugng ciia viing song nuoc, tir ngir dugc dimg het sire phong plui.dugc phan djnh trong sir nhan thuc tinh vi it khi nham Ian Dien dat sir van dongcua nuac bang hang loat tir ngir, vira co tinh pho cap vira co tinh rieng qua sir phan

biet tinh te giira chiing: nude len, nude xuong, nude Ion nude rong, nude rong,

nude kem, nude dimg

1.1.3.2 Xet tren binh dien tir vung - ngu1 nghia

Viing dat Nam Bo la viing dat cong cu cua nhieu dan toe tir cac viing mien

khac nhau Trong qua trinh giao tiep, chinh sir giao luu van hoa giira cac dan toe da

lam phong plui them eho von tir vung trong phuong ngir Nam Bo Ben canh nhung

lap tir con dugc luu giu' (mang, ngo, coi, mec, ) lap tir vimg co dugc do hien tugng bien am {kieng - canh, hudng - hong, phudc —phuc, kieng - kinh, bat nhan - bat nhan, ) la sir xuat hien cua mot lap tir moi vo ciing da dang phan anh tu duy

ciia nguoi dong bang hoac dae diem dja hinh vung dat Nam Bo

Lop tir vung phan anh dae diem dja hinh song nuoc Nam Bo rat da dang:

rach, xeo, kinh, muang, lung, ao Ciing voi he thong chi dja hinh do la lop tir chi phuong tien di chuyen tren song nuoc nhu: gbe ban, ghe, xuong, vo lai, nge ngo, tarn ban, Ben canh do con co he thong tir chi thuc vat: tram, duac, mam, ban, mil

it, binh bat, lop tir chi san vat dja phuang nhu: cd chot, cd chem, cd keo, cd linh, torn bac, Ngay ca lap tir chi sir van dong cua dong nuoc cung rat da dang: nude

rong, nude rong, nude kern, nude sat,

Sir da dang ve lop tir diing de djnh danh sir vat phan anh tu duy phong phii khanang quan sat tinh te cua con nguoi Nam Bo trong qua trinh cai tao de thich irng voidae diem thien nhien 6* noi day Chinh sir da dang ciia lop tir nay gop phan lam phongplui eho von tir trong phuong ngir Nam Bo ncSi rieng tieng Viet noi chung

1.1.3.3 Xet tren binh dien phong each dien dat

Xet ve binh dien phong each dien dat each dien dat ciia phuong ngu Nam Borat doc dao the hien ro tarn li tinh each cua nguoi Nam Bo Triroe het, each dicMi datciia phuong ngir Nam Bo rat giau hinh anh va giau yen to cu the Cach noi ay dugc

hinh thanh tir tinh boc true, tir cuoc song phong khoang cua nguoi dan Nam Bo laviing dat rong nguoi thua tir thoi quen khong thich sir go bo, sir dung tir tuy thichcot sao co the dien ta duoc suy nghT ciia nguoi noi mot each cu the ro rang vanhanh nhat Ciing de chi mot hoat dong ngoi nhung each dien dat cua ho rat phong

phii: ngoi cbdnb hanh, ngoi chem hep, ngoi xep bang, ngoi chi) ho, ngoi chu //

Moi mot each dien dat dieu co sac thai bieu cam rieng tuy theo tu the tarn trangcua doi tugng ma nguai ta dimg tir de mieu ta eho phii hgp

Cach djnh danh dien dat trong phuong ngu Nam Bo thuong thien ve hinhthuc hinh anh hoa sir vice Cuoc song noi viing song nuac in dam trong tarn thucciia nguoi dan Nam Bo nen trong giao tiep ho thuong diing nhung each vi von sosanh, each lien tuong rat gan gui mang dam dau an viing song nuoc Vi du: de chi

nhung nguoi liic uong rugu hay an ma uong it nguai ta dimg tir "phd moi" ai do mat quan ao bj rach tua tua nguoi ta goi la "cd chot na" hoac de chi mot cong

viec bo ra nhieu cong sue nhung cuoi ciing khong thu dugc loi gi, hoac mat tat ca.

nguoi ta dimg each noi " mat ca chi Ian chdi" de chi nhung ai an nhieu lam it ho

co each so sanh "an nhu sang mite, lam nhu luc binh troi", Nhung each vi von,

lien tuong ciia nguoi Nam Bo that de hieu, gan gui, thuong chu trong den hinh thucben ngoai ciia sir vat dugc so sanh de tim hinh anh so sanh eho phii hgp

Von bgc true, thang thang, nguai Nam Bo thich an thang noi that, khong thichdiing nhung loi sao rong nen each dien dat ciia phirong ngu Nam Bo rat moc mac,

gian dj it diing loi so sanh being bay hoa ml

" Ben dudi co song, ben tren co eho Hai dim minh ket va ehong nghen!"

(ca dao)

"( \')c diet nang nbdi moi coi Chang bin di hoi lac ddu hong irng Con ech ngoi a sau limg

No keu cai eo bieu ung eho roi ".

(ca dao)

Cach the hien tinh cam trong hai bai ca dao tren tuy khong co sir trau chuot vemat ngon tir, chgn lgc v£ mat hinh anh nhung chinh sir moc mac trong each dien dat, sir quen thuoc trong each diing hinh anh an du lai ggi len dugc tinh cam chanthanh, moc mac ciia nguoi bay to tinh cam each treu gheo co ve bong dua nhung lai

rat thuc, each noi ay phii hgp voi tinh each ciia con nguai Nam Bo

Ngoai ra, phuong ngir Nam Bo con co each dien dat rat phong dai, cuongdieu Chinh each noi nay tao ra sir hai huoc di dcirn, the hien su lac quan ciia connguoi Nam Bo Cach noi nay dugc the hien dam dae trong ca dao dan ca, trong thanh ngu, tuc ngu, trong nhung cau chuyen ciia bac Ba Phi ciia ong O Chang han.d§ bgc 16 tinh thuong manh liet ciia minh doi voi co gai, chang trai trong bai ca daosau da khong ngai noi thang noi qua, noi cuong dieu de khuech dai noi nha ciia minh Tuy cuong dieu nhung bai ca dao van the hien dugc net duyen dang trongeach dimg hinh anh de nhan manh noi thuong nha ciia chang trai:

"Anh thuong em

Thuong lim, thuong lun

Thuong lot da ede.

Thuong (roc da dau,

Ngu quen tlii nha

7hire day thi thuong ".

(ca dao)

Cach tho 16 tinh cam ciia chang trai trong bai ca dao sau cung rat di dom, hai huoc:

"Anh twang gieng sdu anh noi sai day cue

Ai de gieng can no hut sai day

Qua tai day khong cudi duac co hai may Qua cheo ghe ra bien dai nude day qua cheo Ira vo ".

(ca dao)

Tom lai, each dien dat giau hinh anh giau yeu to cu the clui trgng den hinhthirc ben ngoai, moc mac, binh dan doi khi pha chut phong dai, hai huoc va daetrung ve mat phong each dien dat ciia phuong ngu- Nam Bo

1.2 CADAO NAM BO

1.2.1 Khai niem ve ca dao Nam Bo

Theo "Ljch sir van bgc Viet Nam" cua Biii Van Nguyen: ca dao la nhiing bai

co hoac khong co chuong khiic sang tac bang the van van dan toe (thuong la luc

bat), de mieu ta tu sir ngu y va dien dat tinh cam

Trong ca dao dai da so la tac pham trfr tinh Ca dao la loai tru tinh ciia vanhoc dan gian Khai niem tru1 tinh dan gian dugc hieu trong sir doi lap voi khai niem

tu sir dan gian 6 goc do loai hinh Doi tugng ciia no la nhung sang tac phan anh hienthuc dai song khong phai thong qua cot truyen, sir xung dot cua hanh dong nhan vatmai thong qua sir the hien tarn trang cac nhan vat tru tinh

Ca dao Nam Bo truoc het la ca dao cua nguai Viet a Nam B6 nen no mangday dii yeu to cua vimg dat Nam B6 trong do co viec sir dung tu ngu cua con nguai

a day Song giira thien nhien hai hoa va da dang vai vimg song nuac bao la trongloi an, tieng noi ciia con nguoi a day khong khoi anh huong ciia cac hinh tugngthien nhien nay Cho nen co the noi giau hinh thirgng la mot dae diem each diing

tir cua ca dao Nam B6:

"Chong cheo (hi voting cheo

Hai dira cimg ngheo lai dung vdi nhau "

"Dung* a day nghla la 'lay nhau'* hay noi van hoa la "ket duyen** voi nhau.

Voi cac tir ngir tren, nguai Nam Bp hoan toan co the sir dung dugc nhung con

nguoi Nam bo quen voi tinh each moc mac, chat phat khong diing theo khuon mau

co san ma dung tir "dung** rat giau tinh hinh tugng tao diem nhan mang dam sacthai, net dae trimg van hoa rieng ciia nguai Nam B6 Chinh dieu nay da lam phongphii them cho kho tang tir dja phuang trong ca dao Nam bo

1.2.2 Noi dung ciia ca dao Nam Bo

Ca dao la mot the loai tru tinh ciia van hgc dan gian Nhung tac pham trong

the loai nay dii noi len moi quan he giua con nguoi trong lao dong trong sinh boatgia dinh xa hoi hoac noi len nhung kinh nghiem song va hanh dong thi bao giacung la bgc 16 thai do chii quan ciia con nguai doi vai nhung hien tugng khach quanchir khong phai mieu ta mot each khach quan nhung hien tugng nhung van de Cho

nen 6 ca dao cai toi tru tinh dugc noi len mot each ro net.

Ca dao phan anh ljch sir, mieu ta kha chi tiet phong tuc tap quan trong sinhhoat vat chat va tinh than ciia nhan dan lao dong nhung truoc het la bgc 16 tarn hondan toe trong doi song rieng tu, doi song gia dinh va doi song xa hoi Tir cuoc songlao dong vat va ciia nhan dan da nay sinh nhieu cau ca dao the hien cac hinh thuclao dong va nghe nghiep khac nhau

Nhung cau ca dao ve dat nuac va ljch sir, ca ngoi nhung danh lam thang canh.nhung dae san ciia cac dja phuang, truyen thong chong ngoai xam chong ach aphire phong kien ciia nhan dan Phong phii nhat sau sac nhat la mang ca dao ve tinhyeu nam nir Trai gai gap go tim hieu nhau, tho 16 tinh cam vai nhau trong khi lao

dong hoi he dinh dam, vui xuan Ho co the tho 16 vai nhau bang cau "vi" bang

hinh thuc giao duyen trong cac hinh thuc doi dap nam nu Noi dung nhung cau ca

dao nay phan anh dugc moi bieu hien sac thai, cung bac cua tinh yeu: nhung tinh

cam tham thiet trong hoan canh may man hanh phuc vai nhung niem mo uac

nhung noi nha nhung da diet hoac cam xuc nay sinh tir nhung riii ro ngang trai thatbai kho dau voi nhting loi than tho oan trach

Tinh yeu bao gia cung gan lien voi lao dong nhung net sinh hoat nhung canh

vat quen thuoc trong doi song hang ngay cua nhan dan

"Buoi mai em xdeh cai thong (*)

Em xuong dudi ao em bat con cua

Em bo vo trong cai thong

Han ken cdi rong, ban ken cai ranh.

Han ken mot tieng chang di!

Chang da yen phan lot doi

Em nay le ban, mo cdi mot minh"

(*) Cai thong: mot loai chinh khong Ion mieng hep

Do la quan niem dong thai cung la nep tu duy nghe thuat cua nhan dan Ro

rang nep tu duy ay xuat phat tir cuoc song lao dong no chi phoi toan bo tu tuong.tinh cam ciia con nguoi dii la tinh yeu

Trong ca dao Nam B6 mang ca dao tinh cam chi nhung quan he xa hoi xuathien pho bien giong dieu nay:

Mot va thi nam giudng leo

Hai va thi xuong chudng heo ma nam

Tac gia dan gian vira trao pluing vira canh cao ke da the bang mot bai hocnhan tien.

"Cam kia mot chue ro rang

Du dua trong bj ma mang chi dng "

Cau ca gan voi chuyen mot 6ng Tay di mua cam co gai ban cam dua 12 qua(theo each tinh dan gian Nam B6 1 chue = 12) 6ng ta khong chju bao rang co 11,

Co gai ngam cau ca nay Net doe dao nam 6 chu "du** dong am voi tieng Phapdouze = 12, va "6ng" dong am voi onze = 11!

"Chong nguai xdeb giao san heo

('hong em cam dua san meo khdp mam "

"Chan dung" mot anh chong vo tich sir bieng nhac luoi bieng da dugc dung

len ro rang, doi tugng khong the "dau" hon nira!

Giong bong dim chain biem trong ca dao thuong co khi la mot each bieu 16true dien:

"Giira trua ddi bung (hem cam Thay did em va nhu torn kho fan "

Hoac cung co khi diing hinh thuc choi chu de bieu hien Xin dan ra day mot

so vi du:

Day la each choi chu diing cac tir ciing truong nghTa

"Ba gia mac do bong cbanh

Ngoi trong dam he noi hanh nang dan "

Voi each choi chir vai hinh thirc noi lai!

"Tang anh cdi do ton la

Ban ngay mac mat toi ra can de "

Mot noi ngugc nghla day thu vi

"Thuong chong nan ehdo cu (re

Ndu canh vo do, ndu che nhan ngon

Ghet chong ndu ehdo le le Ndu canh bong ly, ndu che hat sen "

v v

Giong cam thuong, than van, tam tinh

Cam thuong, la tir Han Viet voi ne;t nghla thirang xdt vi dong long, dan gian

c o c a u c a :

"Ngo len tren thap Canh Tien Cam thirang quan Han thu (bieng ba nam ".

Con than van nghla la ke le (dm sir dau kho vdiy phan bua vdi mot ai do:

"Duyen nay Id do bai trai

Biet ai than van cho vai noi sau "

Tam tinh voi net nghla la ndi chuyen ve tinh cam

"Ngon den kbeu gai tam tinh, Kheu len cho to, cho minh thay nhau ".

Qua khao sat cac cong trinh sun tam ca dao da cong bo noi cluing va ca dao

dong bang song Ciru Long noi rieng, cluing toi nhan thay gigng dieu cam thuong,

than van, tam tinh xuat hien rat pho bien trong mang ca dao tinh cam: o noi dung

nhung cau ca than trach cho than phan minh nhung cau ca bieu 16 tinh cam gia dinhvoi 6ng ba cha me, tinh cam vg chong, tinh nghla anh em, be ban dae biet la cac

cung bac trong tinh yeu doi lira Mot so vi du sau day de minh hoa:

Doi voi chinh ban than minh nguoi phu nir eat gigng:

Than em nhu trai ban trdi Song dap gid doi biet dai vao dan "

"Than em nhu cd ro mc

0§!M VO TRUING

Lao xao giira cha biet ve lay ai"

Con day gigng tam tinh:

"AId oi dimg ga con xa

(liim ken vuan hit biet nha md dau "

"Chien ehieu ra dimg ngo sau Trong ve que me rudt dan chin chien ".

No nhu mot loi than van mot "tu sir** ciia nguoi con gai truoc nguong cuaquan trgng cuoc doi!

Tinh canh xot xa nhung man nong tinh nghla cua doi vg chong ngheo

"Ran tornndu vdi rudtban Chong chan va hup gdt dan khen ngon "

Ta eon gap o bai ca dao duoi day, giong vira than vira trach trach nguai ma

cung tir xot xa:

"Den nao cao bang den Chan Doc Gid nao ddc bang gid Go (dng

Anh thuong em tir thud md hong

Bay gid em kbdn Ian, em lay chong bo anh "

Trong tinh yen tir luc lam quen chang da danh tieng:

"Treo len thanh true cho cao

Thay lung em cay da nao bong thuong "

"Tho lay md ngat ngon ngo Thirang em dirt rudt gia do ngo la"

Den luc nang lai minh san the hai:

"Doi ta nang mot lai the

Khai son pbd thach dat trai chirng mieng (minh)"

Nhieu khi ket tluic trong tan vo:

"Xir ( dm Tho anh ira Ion ve

Bay Idu song can bien ke

Phan chia mai (rue dam de gigt chdu "

C5 mot chire nang khac ta con gap loi tam tinh an cluia dao ly lam nguai:

"Cd ludi trdu sau ai meo mieng

Cd tren ban nhieu chuyen trot mdi "

Giong sang khodi, ngoi ca

Sang khodi nghla la tinh minh, khoe khodn, de chin Ngai ca la diing loi noi

cai hay, cai dep Gigng dieu nay chiing ta gap nhieu 6 cac cau ca mieu ta tinh camcon nguoi voi que huong dong ruong:

"Dong Thap Mudi cd hay thang canh Nude Thap Mudi long lanb cd torn "

"Can Tho gao trang nude trong

Ai di den do long khong muon ve"

Su dan chen giua cac giong dieu

"('hong ngirai di nguac ve xudi Chong em nam hep so dudi eon meo "

Co the* do la mot loi than cho phan ham duyen hiu lay chong chang ra gi.Nhung cung co the day la sac thai ciia giong bong diia da kich

0 each hgp giong nay ta eon gap mot cau khac:

"Co mang gong fay bong con do Trai hai trai va nho (huong hon "

Cung co khi vira la sac thai ngoi ca vira la gigng dieu tam tinh:

"Cdi Rang Ba Lang Vdm Xdng Phong Dien Anh cd thuong em thi cho bac cho kieng Dimg cho liia gao xdm gieng eudi che "

Tu dja phuong ciia nguai Nam bo ra doi tuy co muon hon so vai tir djaphuang ciia cac viing khac, nhung khong vi the ma no ngheo nan, hoi hgt, ma trai lai no nit da dang, phong plui va sau lang No chira dung cac yeu to van hoa phong tuc tap quan cimg tinh each cua eon nguoi Nam bo Tir dja phuong cua nguoi Nam

bp khong chi don thuan la khau ngu1 cua nguai Nam Bo ma no da birac vao van bgcnghe thuat vai mot tu the rat duong hoang Nhung cau ca dao Nam bo vira dan tren

la mot minh chiing cho dieu nay

1.2.3 Hinh thuc the hien ciia ca dao Nam Bo

Theo Vu Ngoc Phan thi "Ca dao la nhung bai thuong ngan hoac hai hay bonsau hay tam cau am dieu km loat va phong plui Duoi hinh thuc truyen mieng cadao dugc qua nhieTi nguai, nhieu the he sua chira nlurng no van giu dugc chu de tutuong va tinh chat moc mac, khong bao gio cau ky Ca dao co nhieu the, ma nhieu

hon ca la the sau tam the bon chu va the hon sau bay tam cung co nhung khongnhieu Dae diem ciia ca dao ve phan hinh thirc la van vira sat lai vira thanh toankhong go ep, lai gian dj va rat tiroi tan Ca dao ciia ta da loi dung rat dimg cho

nhung am thanh nhac dieu cua tieng Viet Nam a nhung tieng dan tieng kep tieng

ghep, nen khi ta nguai, ta viec ta hinh dung, ta tieng keu ta canh rat tai tinh** Nhu

ta mot canh biin thi:

"Song sam sjeh lung chung ngoai hien bac,

Hat mua tinh ri rac chon hang hien "

Mua day la mua ngoai trai va cung la mua ca trong long nguai dang nang veyeu dirong Nhung tieng "sam sjeh** "ri rac** diing rat dat trong loi ca va nhung

tieng bang trac lam noi len nhu mot cung dan

Theo "Ca dao dan ca Nam bo" - Bao Djnh Giang thi ""Ca dao Id nhimg bai ca

md noi dung vd hinh thirc dien xirdrng cua no khong nham muc dich nghi le va

khong kern nhimg dong tdc cd tinh chat nghi le Nhimg bai ca dao van duac bat trong lao dong, nhung noi dung ca ban nham hoc Id tam tu, tinh cam cua nhan vdt tru tinh, hoc Id tinh yen (ba thiet cua nhan dan vdi que huong dat nude, tinh cam lira ddi, tieng ca tinh nghla cua nhan dan trong moi quan he xd hoi khac" [1; 26]

Ca dao triroe het la sang tac ciia nguoi dan lao dong Day khong phai la tho ca

lao dong vi nhjp dieu tiet tau cua no khong phii thuoc vao lao dong: song no ra daitren ca sa lao dong, gan lien voi moi truong sinh hoat hang ngay ciia nguai dan.Cung nhu cac chang trai, co gai khap mien khac ciia dat nuoc nam nir thanhnien Nam bo gap nhau trong lao dong va nha lao dong de phat hien ra ban chat totdep ciia nhau tao co so de hieu biet nhau thong cam nhau Lao dong tro thanhthuoc do gia trj pham chat con nguoi va dieu kien de xay dung hanh pluie lira doi

"Chang thd em lay thang chong kho, chong dai,

Lo kinh thirang phan mai,

Tinh cong nghe ndng trang,

Khong ham nhieu bac lam vdng,

Mai sau sanh chuyen diem dang bo em ".

Trong loi bgc bach tho 16 tren tuy each dien dat va dimg chu nghla co mangnet rieng ciia nguoi dan Nam bo, song quan diem cua nguoi doi gan voi pham hanh,dao dire ciia nguoi lao dong

Tham nhuan mot each tu nhien y thirc chung co tir bao doi ay cac chang trai.

co gai Nam bo khuyen nhii nhau:

"Ban dimg dong danh doi Ianh vdi Iuong, Vai ban ban ban cho thirang thi thdi".

That ra thi Ca dao cung nhu cac the loai khac cua van hgc dan gian ngoai tinhthong nhat chung the hien trong ban sac dan toe trong dae diem the loai trong y

nghla giai cap ciia no con co tinh dja phuang the hien ngay trong noi dung vahinh thirc ciia moi the loai Quan he giira tinh thong nhat cluing voi tinh dja phuong(vung mien ) ciia van hgc dan gian la mot quan he bien chiing tac dong khongngimg Ian nhau va boi bo cho nhau Va tat nhien 6 cac the loai khac nhau quan he

ay cung bieu hien khac nhau con dirong hinh thanh va phat trien cua no cung khongnhu nhau.

Neu chi can cir chung chung vao mang chii de ciia the loai thi kho phat hien

dugc nlurng gi doc dao do Ca dao Nam bo dong gop Phuong phap tim hieu sac thai

dja phuong ciia Ca dao la phai so sanh doi ehieu nhung bieu hien cu the cua cacmang de tai cac hinh thirc bieu hien va phuong thirc dien xuong cua no

"Chieu ehieu en lieng tren trai,

Rita bd dudi ddt khi ngoi tren cay ".

"Ca mau khi khot tren hung,

Dirdi song sdu loi, tren rimg cop hung ".

Chira co won cay bien liia chua co do thj xom lang con nguoi song thanh

tung cum thira that, xung quanh la nhung bay thu va canh rimg u tich hoang so

Hay de bgc 16 tinh thuong cua minh nguoi Nam bo khong ngai noi thang noiqua noi cuong dieu noi khuech dai Ho noi cot sao cho het cai thuong dang chaybong trong long minh:

"Anh thuong em, Thuong lim, thuong lun, Thirang lot da dc,

Thirang trdc da dan, Ngu quen thi nhd, Thirc day thi thirang ".

Giau tinh di dom, hai huoc cung la mot trong nhung dae diem trong each sir

dung tir ngu trong ca dao Nam bo Ca dao Nam bo ngoai nhung each noi cirong

dieu giau hinh tugng, doi luc co phan tham tram, sau lang con co nhung each noimang tinh hai huoc, di dom Day la tinh than lac quan trong tinh each ciia con nguoi

Nam bo Chinh tinh than lac quan nay da tiep them cho ho sire manh trong vice

chong choi lai voi thien nhien khac nghiet vai thu dir hoanh hanh Tuy la noi didom, hai huoc nhung khong han la mot each noi choi ma la co ngu y ngu tinh Docung la kieu noi: "noi choi nhung lam thiet**:

"Ben dirdi cd song, hen tren cd cha

Hai dira minh ket va chong nghen ".

Co each noi hai huoc, di dom lai co each noi cuong dieu khuech dai ca daoNam bo ciing co nhung each noi rat gian dj chan tinh Trong hoan canh tu tinh voinhau doi khi ho khong diing nhung tir hoa my khong noi nhung tir chira dungnhieu tang y nghla, ma chi noi mot each moc mac binh dan cot sao bay to dugc

long minh:

"Anh ve em nam vat do em la lang Phai bo chir thirang chu nha giira dimg cho em ".

Qua la moc mac qua la chan tinh Trong tirng cau tung chu khong co gi kho

hieu ca tao dugc sir cam thong va gay dugc cam xi'ic cho nguoi dgc

"Anh tuong gieng sau anh noi sai day cut

Ai de gieng can no hut sai day Qua tai day khong cirdi duac cd hai may Qua cheo ghe ra hien dai nude day qua cheo (ra vd ".

Ve ngi dung Ian hinh thuc phan anh noi cay dang tiii cue ciia nguoi dan laodong lam ra chen com manh ao thi ca dao khong co gi khac so voi dan ca ca nuoc,boi vi dii o dau con nguai cung phai do mo hoi va ca mau ciia minh moi co thegianh dugc tir thien nhien nhung gi ta can den.

TIEU KET

Nhu vay, qua viec tim hieu nhung van de cluing ve tir dja phuong eho cluing

ta thay dugc tir dja phuong ciia nguoi dan Nam B6 la mot lop tir co tinh dja phuong

nhat djnh nen luon chira dung nhung yeu to van hoa phong tuc tap quan sinh hoat

ciia con nguai Nam Bp chinh vi the tir dja phirong Nam Bp rat da dang, phong phii

va giau sac thai bieu dat luon gan lien voi hinh anh cuoc song ciia nguoi dan ratthat tha chat phat nhung co doi khi pha chut tieng cuoi voi giong dieu hai huoc.Con doi vai ca dao ciia con nguai Nam Bp thi cho cluing ta biet the nao la cadao ciia nguai Nam Bp va sir da dang ve noi dung Ian hinh thirc Ca dao Nam Bp dadanh dau mot buoc phat trien moi di vao van hoe nghe thuat voi mot tu the dironghoang.

CHUONG 2:

CAC NHOM TU DIA PHUONG TRONG CA DAO NAM BO

2.1 NHOM TU XUNG HO

2.1.1 Tir xung ho trong quan he ho gia dinh than toe

*Cac tii'xung ho trong tieng Viet

Cac dai tir nhan xung: toi, tao may, minh han, no

Cac danh tir chi quan he hg hang: cu, 6ng ba bac ehii, co cau di anh, chi,

em, con, chau

Cac tir chi chire danh nghe nghiep: giam doc bp truong, hieu truong nha van,

nha tho

Cac ten rieng ciia nguoi

*Cach xung ho trong quan he ho hang

Cac quy tac xung ho hai nguai: quy tac doi ximg, quy tac ve tuoi tac va vi the

xa hoi, quy tac thay vai

Quy tac xung ho ba nguoi

*Cach xung ho trong xa hoi

Quy tac ve tuoi tac

Quy tac "xung khiem ho thi ton"*

Quy tac goi thay ten

Quy tac than mat va each xa: Quy tac tao sir than mat gan gui: Quy tac tao sir

xa each.

Quy tac xung ho ton trong va coi thuong: Quy tac xung ho ton trong; Quy tacxung ho coi thuong hoac co ham y phe phan

* Cach xung ho trong gia dinh

C5 hang 6ng ba: trong each xung goi, nguoi mien Nam it dimg yeu to goc:

6ng, ba ma thuong chi dimg yeu to phu: npi, ngoai Ngugc lai khi noi voi con chau,cac vi cung xung nhu the

(1 hang cha me: tieng thuong diing nhat de ggi cha la ba Con tia truoc daythuong dugc diing a cac tinh co nhieu nguai Trieu Chau sinh song Ilien nay chi

con mot so it gia dinh a cac viing nong thon con gifr each xung ho nay.

24

Cung nhu "\ia ma" la tieng ggi pho bien 6 Nam Bp Con "\i\" dirge dimg hainghla: "\u em*' hay tieng gpi me trong truong hop kho nuoi Dugc the hien qua cac

cau ca dao sau:

"Con cd no md con Iiron

Brr chj ghe luon muon tia (di khong?

Tia (di ljch sir qua chung

(di lung moc thich cdi dan chdm bom ".

"Md ai, con md hirroi

Con dan md ga md doi bac (ram ".

Md ai dimg danh con dan,

De con bat dc hai ran md nha,

Bat dc, dc nhay len ba,

Hai ran, ran heo md nha duac dau ".

"Md ai dimg danh con dan,

De con hat hoi lam dao md coi".

"Trirdc lay cha sau lay md, Con da cd chong xuat gid long phu ".

"Md ai con vit chef chim,

Tho tay con vert cd Urn kirn can con ".

"Cha me sanh de khong le theo chang,

} e man dan ha vdi md,

Thuong khong noi lam chi, Khong thirang dem dat dieu ndi xdu:

( \)n gai Id lang di can duyen ".

C5 ngang hang cha me: each ggi cac vi ngang hang cha me nhu: bac, co di,cau, mo 6 tir dia phuong Nam B6 va giua cac mien giong nhau

"Vi dau cau gian mo' hon.

Con theo ciing cau keo dan cau nghe ".

"Vi dan cau mo' di budn,

Xuong bien len nguon gao cha nude song ".

"Nude ndng do mieng binh vdi,

Toi ngoi (di nghi tia (di, (di budn,

Tia toi da dai do khdn,

Say me tinh chon bo me con (di".

O tir dja phuang Nam Bp eon co dai tir nhan xung Do la tir "qua*" dupe dimg

a ngoi thir nhat va tir "bail** dugc diing o ngoi thir hai trong quan he tinh nhan vo

chong theo loi xua:

"Vi dan tinh hau muon thdi,

Bau gieo tieng giir cho rdi hau ra ".

"Bui dau khum cd chim cu dan,

Thua nghieng ngheo cd hau cd qua ".

Bau ai! Bau diing vdi gian

De cho qua xir phan vudng iron

He nguai con thdi nghla cimg con

Qua muon nhdp hai con

Cho nen hon niti Ian

Qua ngai chj hai may

Con dirong trim gian qua ".

O hang anh chi trong gia dinh thi thuong gpi nguai con ca trong gia dinh la

anh hai hoac chi hai hoac gpi Vxanh, dng, ha

"Ngo len thir Tam

Thay dam dong ludng

Chi hai ai hop bang dimg budn

Bai ham con ban ruau

Md anh ludng tuong hir than!".

Noi cluing each xung gpi tir dia phuang dugc sir dung trong Ca dao Nam Bo

rat binh dan.

"Con cua kinh cdng ho ngang dam hi

Thay chj Hai may, tao dey tao thuong".

2.1.2 Tir xung ho ngoai xa hoi

Trong tir dia phuong Nam Bp each xung ho ngoai xa hpi cung mang dae diemcluing cua tieng Viet Do la cac tir chi quan he than thuoc lam loi xung gpi

Ngoai hai tieng ong ba diing trong truong hgp thong thuong con lai cir songuoi doi thoai voi minh neu dang anh chi bac, chu cau co di, thim thi ggi la

anh chi bac, chu, cau co, di thim

Voi nguoi nir Ion hon minh mot cap thi gpi di hoac kem theo thir nhu: diNam, di Hai va tir xung con Neu it than hon thi xung la chau Voi nguoi tre tuoi

thi gpi la co va tu xung la em hoac la toi

Doi voi nguoi dang tuoi ong ba thi thuong gpi ong ba hay ong ngoai ba ngoai.Khong gpi ong npi, ba npi vi nhu the la khong kinh trong Nhung each gpi cha ong

npi ba noi ong co npi ba co noi doi voi nhun nguoi khong ximg voi nhung each xung

ho ay thi chi la each noi khong nghiem trang hay khong co thien cam

Anh Hai di vdi chi Hai,

Mam trdu hit ruau ton hai muai tien.

Con du mua cha mua nem,

Mua cap long den hai hgc cimg len.

Ong cai, dug ky ngoi tren, Sui gia ngoi dirdi hai ben ho hang ".

"Bong em di dao vudn dua,

Virdn cd cd trai, chi chira cd chong".

"Co Ba, cd Bay cd ehdug,

Xe hoi chay trirdc, ngua hong chay sau ".

"Chii kia nho ma tren dong,

Nirdc noi khong cd, mieng mom kho khan ".

"Chit kia md vo chii dau.

Chit di bat nbdi cam cau mot minh ".

Noi chung cac tir xung ho trong tieng dja phuang cua nguoi Nam Bp dupesir dung trong Ca dao Nam Bp rat phong phii va da dang, the hien dirge ban chatmoc mac chat phat dam chat tinh nguoi nhung khong kem phan hai huoc di dom

2.2 NHOM TU DINH DANH CHO CAC DONG NUOC, VUNG DAT

2.2.1 Nhom tir djnh danh dong nuoc

Nam bo la mien dat nhieu song rach So tir ngir chi nhung sir vat hien tugng lienquan den song nuoc vi vay vo ciing phong phii la nguon dong gop cua phuang ngu

Nam bo vao ngon ngu toan dan nhu: cai, rach, xeo con luan xeo xep tat, rong,lang bau cu lao con giong, truong, : Nhung tir ngu nay khong chi di vao loi antieng noi hang ngay ciia nguoi dan vimg dat nay la yeu to cau tao ciia nhieu diadanh ma eon phan anh boi canh sang tac ciia nhung bai ca dao

Bat dau cau ca dao o viing Ba Iri tinh Ben Ire:

"Gid dua gid day,

"Ai dia Giong Dira qua truong,

Gid rung hong say, bo budn cho em ".

Cdi Rang, Ba Lang, Vdm Xdng, Phong Dien

Anh thuong em cho bac cho tien Dimg cho lua gao, xdm gieng bg hay ".

Cdi Rang, Ba Lang, Vdm Xdng, Xd No

Cd thuong em, anh mua eho mot chiec do

De em len xuong tbdm do y anh!".

"Chu kia nhd ma tren con,

Nude noi khong cd, mieng mom lam lem ".

"Ba phen qua moi hoi dieu,

Cii lao ong Cbuong cd nhieu cd torn ".

Hinh anh ve cii lao cung co mat trong nhieu bai ca dao Nam Bp Cii lao ladat noi len da lau co the lam ruong hay lam vuon va co nhieu nguoi 6 tren do

Cdi la tii' chi cac dong chay Con" la dat moi noi len nen dat rat tot co nhieu

phii sa co the lam ruong hay trong cac loai cay Truong la dirong xuyen ngangmot khu rirng, loi di co san nhung hai ben va phia tren dau nguoi di deu co than cay

va canh la bao phii Do tinh chat pho bien cua hinh anh nay nen cac ca dao 6 Nam

Bp co the tro thanh net rieng cua moi viing

Hinh anh nguoi nong dan o Tien Giang di xuong gat lua noi hay tay cam chae

cay phang phat hoang la hinh anh tieu bieu cho cong eupc lao dong a xir so nay.Ngay nay, Tien Giang dat da trai mot mau xanh ngat cua liia cua tram, cua mau sac

hoa sen va rat nhieu nhung dong kinh xanh biec va vimg dat 6 cii lao cung la noicay lanh trai ngpt

"An Binh dat me cii lao

Thorn huong hoa biroi, ngot ngdo nhan long

Khach ve nlu'r mdi trong long

Cii lao nho nho hen dong lien Giang ".

Vi vay trong cuoc song hang ngay cung nhu trong nhung can ca dao Nam

bp luon xuat hien nhung ngon ngu toan dan nhu: cai rach, xeo eon luon xeo xep.tat rong lang bau cii lao con giong thi it nhieu cung the hien hinh anh rat quenthuoc gan lien vai cuoc song each sinh hoat cua nguai dan Nam Bp

2.2.2 Nhom tir dung de goi ten cho cac vung dat, ten dat

Trong cong dong dan toe Viet Nam co nguoi 6 nhieu dia phuong khac nhau,

do dieu kien sinh hoat vat chat khac nhau nen 6 moi mien cung co nhung sac thaikhac nhau tir canh tri dae san dau tranh xa hpi phuang thirc san xuat phong tuc

tap quan nen each djnh danh cung nhu ten ciia moi vimg dat khac nhau tuy vao djahinh va nhung dae diem noi bac ciia vimg dat do Hoan canh thien nhien va ljch sirdja phuang lai tac dong den dja hinh eupc song, tinh each eon nguai Nam Bpgiau dep la ket qua cua cong lao khai khan dat hoang xay dung eupc song ciianhan dan ta qua nhieu the he Nhieu ca dao ghi lai hinh anh dat dai khi ong cha tamoi dat chan toi cac viing dat dja hinh noi day, noi song day ca sau, rirng day thudir, dong bang day nhung cay say, duac vet ,dupe the hien qua nhung tu ngirdja phuang dam da ban chat Nam Bp nhu: bung, lung, biing binh, ganh vam.xang, xeo Den voi viing IJ minh Rach gia thi neu bac len nhung dae diem doe

dao cua noi day co cau:

"U minh, Rach gid (hi qua son truong

30

Ditvi hung sau loi, tren rirng cop dua ".

Son truong la nhung trai don dien 6 vimg rimg niii do trieu dinh to chire.tir thoi

Le d6 quy tu so luu dan va nhung toi nhan bj day luu vien den khan hoang 0 day noi

viing U minh Rach gia truoc day dat con doc du hon ca vimg son truong nua

"Song Vdm Co nunc trong thay day

Dong (Yru Long xudi chay dju dang

Ai ve My Tbudn, Tien Giang (Y) (huong nha ga danh dan nam xua ? ".

"Cdi Rang, Ba Lang, Vdm Xdng, Phong Dien

Anh thuong em cho bac cho tien Dimg cho liia gao, xdm gieng bg bay ".

"Dua em ve tdi ha hung,

Dirt tinh tra lai dam chan than dai ".

"Anh di danh bay trong hung, Thay con ciim mim trong Turn bay ra ".

"Con ech ngoi dua gdc hung,

No keu cdi quyei bieu ung cho rdi ".

"Gid dua gid day ve ray an cong,

Ve hung an cd, ve dong an cua ".

" Cd Mau khi khot tren hung,

Dirdi song sau loi, tren rirng cop um "

" Cheo ghe so sdu an chung

Xuong lung so dia , len rimg so ma ".

Ta thay, tir "hung la viing dat sau rong o giira dong; "lung la cho trung

quanh nam co nuac dpng a giira dong hoac giua rimg; "vdm" rach nho trong khiic

song; "xdng la con kenh do xang dao; "lung la cho trung dpng nuoc quanh nam.gan ba can, o giira sau Qua each diing nhung tir dja phuang da the hien ro len netdae trung van hoa rieng, no mang day dii nhung yeu to ciia viing dat Nam Bp

Nhung tir ngir mang sac thai dja phuong the hien tinh each cua nguai danNam Bp Tir mot viing dat co hoan canh thien nhien khac nghiet nhu vay mo hoinuoc mat cua ong cha ta da bien thanh mot \iing dat dai mau mo khap ruong, dam,

song va lua tra thanh tac pham bac nhat

Ben Ire muon loi ca dao ke ve que huong giau depcua minh:

"Ben Ire mrdc nggt lam dira

Ruong vudn mau ma, bien thira cd torn.

Sdu rieng mang cut Cdi Man

Ngheu so Con Loi, thuoc ngon Mo Cay ".

"Xeo dau cam tot ai hi

Lita vdng Thanh Phii, khoai mi Thanh Phong

Mudi, kho a Ganh man ndng

Giong Tront, Phong Nam dua dong giang giang ".

"Xeo" trong cau ca dao tren la mot cai lach con co the noi la mot dong chay

nho cua nhanh song

Qua ca dao Nam Bp muong tugng dugc bet ca cai menh mong cua trai rongsong dai:

"Ngo len Clidu Doe ngd xuong Vdm Nao

Anh thirang em rudt that gan bao

Biet em cd thuong lai chili nao bay khong? ".

Qua viing dat Nam Bp noi dugc thien nhien uu dai voi v6 so nhung mon dae

san nhung net dae trung rieng cua timg viing dat da tao nen ten rieng moi diaphuang moi vimg khac nhau Gop phan lam phong phii them ca dao 6 vimg datNam Bp Qua cac ten ggi tren ta thay cac tir chi dja hinh co quan he den song nuoc

6 Nam Bp kha da dang Nhung tir nay lam cho kho tir vung cua tieng Viet them

phong phii, bo sung cho von tir cua dan toe ta Day la dong gop dang tran trong cua

phuong ngu Nam Bp

2.3 NHOM TU MIEU TA SU VAN D0NG CUA DONG NUOC

Tir dia phuang Nam Bp co tinh ke thira va bo sung ngon ngu' cluing, nhung

van mang sac thai, net dae trung rieng, tao mot dau an doe dao Nam bp dugc menhdanh la xu so ciia nhung dong song, noi co khoang 54.000 km ehieu dai song, rach

Chinh yeu to song rach da gop phan quan trong vao eupc song cua nguoi dan noi

day Chinh vi the doi voi viec goi ten nuoc len hay xuong cung co khoang 22 tir chi

cac loai nuoc: nuac Ion nuoc rong, nuac kem nuac rong nuac uong nuoc cluing,nuac chay nuoc ram, nuac giut nuac sut, nuac len nuac rac nuoc nhung nuoc

sinh nuoc lui nuac rut, nuac troi nuac quay, nuoc rong nuac denh Dang sau so

lugng phong phii la cai nhin tinh te va nhay cam ciia con nguoi doi voi sir vat

Mot bieu hien nira ciia van hoa song nuoc la he thong tir ngu gan voi dae diemdja ly (bung bao dia lang lung, lach, con luon ) gan voi cong cu san xuat Dae

biet cac tir ngu chi cac tinh trang ciia nuoc (nuac rong nuac rong nuac diing ) rat

phong phii mang dam neH dja phirong Nam Bp:

"Nude rong nude chay trim dong

To duyen san cd chi hong chira se ".

"Nude rong trong ngon chay ra

Tin chong em chet, anh hon ba qua lien ".

"Anh di mudi tdm nude ghe hau,

Khong nghe ai ndi ai tham sdu nhu em ".

Hoac:

Hoac:

"Nude song Iirng dimg Id do

Thuong ngudi ndi vdy biet cho hay khong ".

Nude rong chay than Nam Vang,

Mil u chin rung sao chang biet ly ".

Thien nhien song nuoc trong ca dao Nam Bp dugc xay dimg thanh nhung hire

tranh nghe thuat kha da dang, phan anh nhan thirc va thai do tham my cua nguoi

Nam Bp cu the la nong dan Nam Bp Dae diem nay tao nen tinh dja phirong cua ca

dao dan ca Nam Bp gop phan lam phong phii them tien trinh phat trien cluing cua

ca dao dan ca Viet Nam.

2.4 NHOM TU DINH DANH CHO CAC PHUONG TIEN DI LAI

Von tir va xu huong tham ml truyen thong ciia nguoi dan Nam Bp trong vicedat ten eho cac doi tugng dugc the hien tap trung nhat qua cac tir, nhom tu chi doitugng lien quan den san vat miet won, san vat ruong dong tru phii va dae biet la cac

tir chi doi tugng lien quan den song nuoc va cuoc song ciia nguoi dan tren song nuoc

Ba boi canh tieu bieu nhat cho thien nhien cuoc song o Nam Bp la: viron cay ruong

vuon song nuac chinh la ba moi truong nay sinh nhieu nhat cac tir ngir dja phuong.Theo thong ke co 18 tu ngir chi loai ghe: ghe tam ban ghe luon ghe gian ghe long

33

ghe m6 vach ghe roi, ghe tac ran ghe ban ghe ban noe ghe be ghe ca vom ghe

chai ghe ciia ghe cui ghe hau ghe ngo ghe vo lai xuong ba la

"Anh di ghe roi chin cheo,

Bai anh thua bac nen ngheo, no treo

No treo mac ke no treo,

Em ban hanh heo tra no nudi anh ".

Em ve thua lai me gid xong chira? ".

Trong cadao Nam Bp hinh anh ghe xuong xuat hien rat nhieu dugc mieu tavai nhung tir ngu dja phuang moc mac nhu:

"Gid dua gid day ve ray an cong,

Ve bung an cd, ve dong an cua ".

"Toi a Tra Vinh ngheo qua

Mdi cheo chiec ghe vd Cd Mau, Rach Gid

Toi mua it ta khoai lang

Lai di thang Tra Bang

Dem ban mot ta loi may cac Toi tra ve nha thay anh ngoi song tirsac

Thai ke chdc anh da thua roi

Ui trai ddt di!

Con diim con deo nam hay dua Gao em kiem tir ndi, anh cd thay khong? ".

Hoac:

"Ghe anh mong van, bong lang nbe cheo,

Xin anh hot ngon xa leo cha em".

"Xa leo** co y nghta co ghe chay cham lai Con "cheo ngon" la nguoi cheo

dang truoc miii ghe

"Bd nguai cheo ngon kia la,

Em ve thua lai me gid xong chira? ".

Do he thong song ngoi kenh rach chang chjt nen nguoi cheo ghe cung img

bien theo timg dja hinh:

"Duong rirng cd hon cdi viti

Lite chong, liiclqo, liic hoi, luc cheo

Vai dieu kien sinh song nhu vay cha ong chiing ta da tao ra cac phuong tien

giao thong duong thuy - thanh luu ciia van hoa img xir voi moi truong tir nhien:

Nha ghe, ghe roi.ghe bau Ngoai ra con rat nhieu loai ghe xuong dae biet xuong

ba la va chiee tac rang Xuong ba la di kem voi cay sao nang Cay sao co nang oduoi goc de co the chong dugc cho co nhieu trap, dat khong chung ma khong bj ket

Chiee xuong ba la cung nhu tat ca cac loai ghe khac dugc cai tien dan de den motliic chiee vo lai ra dai Chiee vo lai dong a tac rang (ten eon rach o Rach gia) mophong hinh the chiee ghe luon dat mire do hoan thien ve nhieu mat Dan dan nguoi

ta gpi vo lai nay la chiee tac rang Tom lai tir chiee xuong ba la voi sao nang denchiee tac rang chay bang may duoi torn ngay nay la mot qua trinh lau dai

Voi tu each bieu trung yeu to "song", 'nuoc" ket hgp voi cac yeu to khacnhu 'thuyen** (ghe,do,xuong) "cau" tao nen nhung cau true do ximg, dien dat moteach sau sac bai ca dao:

"Song dai duac may do ngang,

Ai nhieu nhan ngai chi mang odn tint ".

" Ba chiee ghe sau cheo mau anh doi,

Keo khiic song nay bd bid loi tam".

Trong giao tiep hang ngay nguoi Nam bo cung diing nhung tir ngu day an

tugng ve van hoa song nuoc nhu: chim xuong cau torn, mo torn, vac can torn, quagiang Ian loi, loi bo, 16i tam nang

Song nuoc Nam bp menh mong, chang chjt con de lai mot dau an manh me

trong nghe thuat ngu van dan gian ma tieu bieu la trong ca dao

Hinh anh song nuac la cai khung lam ton them ve dep cho nhung hire tranh

ve hanh pluic lira doi lam nhan chiing cho cac cuoc the boi hen uoe dong vai tro

"gach noi** giira nhung moi tinh Song nuac cung la noi chung kien nhung biet ly do

vo, nhung dgi cho that vong, nhung doi thay giua ben va thuyen

"Md cha dira don cay ban,

Khong cho ghe cd dau gdn ghe (dm ".

I lay cu the hon:

"Ghe lui khoi ben con dam,

Nguai (huong ddu vdng cho nam con day? ".