Microsoft Word 1334 3 1f doc NORME INTERNATIONALE CEI IEC INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 61334 3 1 Première édition First edition 1998 11 Automatisation de la distribution à l''''aide de systèmes de communicatio[.]
Bandes de fréquences
3.1.1 plage de fréquences du signal totalité de la bande disponible pour l'utilisation de la ligne de distribution
The basic frequency band is a subdivision of the signal frequency range, specifically allocated for a simple transmission and reception channel within an energy distribution line.
3.1.3 bande de fréquences nominale du signal bande de fréquences à laquelle fonctionne un émetteur ou récepteur DLC particulier
3.1.4 bande de fréquences du signal bande de fréquences qui contient au moins 99 % de la puissance du signal
Impédance nominale d'entrée/sortie
3.2.1 impédance nominale d'entrée/sortie valeur de l'impédance prévue pour un circuit d'entrée ou de sortie et pour laquelle on applique les exigences requises
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IEC 60050(161):1990, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Chapter 161:
IEC 60495:1993, Single sideband power-line carrier terminals
IEC 60663:1980, Planning of (single-sideband) power-line carrier systems
IEC 61000-3-8:1997, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 3: Limits – Section 8:
Signalling on low-voltage electrical installations – Emission levels, frequency bands and electromagnetic disturbance levels
CISPR 16-1:1993, Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods – Part 1: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus
For the purpose of this part of IEC 61334, the following definitions apply.
For other terms used in this part but not defined below, refer to IEC 60050(161).
3.1.1 signal frequency range total band available for distribution line carrier use
3.1.2 basic frequency band elementary subdivision of the signal frequency range or part thereof allocated to a single power-line carrier (see IEC 60495 and IEC 60663) transmit or receive channel
3.1.3 nominal signal frequency band frequency band in which a particular DLC transmitter or receiver operates
3.1.4 signal frequency band frequency band which contains at least 99 % of the signal power
3.2.1 nominal input-output impedance value of impedance for which an input or output circuit has been designed and for which the prescribed requirements apply
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Puissance du signal de sortie
3.3.1 puissance nominale du signal de sortie
PEP (Peak Envelope Power = enveloppe des pics de puissance) disponible dans la bande de fréquences nominale du signal.
Il faut que la puissance nominale du signal de sortie soit compatible avec les exigences relatives aux émissions parasites.
La puissance nominale du signal de sortie est, à partir d'ici, donnée en dBm parce que l'impédance nominale en entrée et en sortie est parfaitement définie (voir 5.3).
3.3.2 émissions parasites émissions sur une ou plusieurs fréquences situées en dehors de la bande de fréquences du signal
Les émissions parasites comprennent les harmoniques, les signaux parasites et les produits intermodulations.
4 Exigences pour la transmission de signaux sur le réseau électrique basse tension
La CEI 61000-3-8 s’applique en ce qui concerne les réseaux de distribution basse tension.
NOTE – Dans certains pays, les règles nationales prévalent sur les prescriptions de la CEI 61000-3-8.
5 Exigences pour la transmission de signaux sur le réseau électrique moyenne tension
Bandes de fréquences
Plage de fréquences du signal
La plage de fréquences du signal s’étend de 3 kHz à 500 kHz.
L'utilisation de fréquences dans cette bande doit être limitée à la distribution d'électricité.
Les systèmes DLC ne doivent pas provoquer d'interférences avec les services situés dans la bande de fréquences définie par la réglementation de radiodiffusion de l'UIT (Union
The available frequency spectrum in a given country must consider the needs of various radio services and broadcasting, including aeronautical and maritime navigation systems, while also adhering to local or national limitations and regulations that provide appropriate protections.
Bande de fréquences nominale du signal
La bande de fréquences nominale du signal (BN) utilisée par les systèmes de lignes de distribution sur un réseau de distribution en moyenne tension doit être telle que:
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Peak Envelope Power (PEP) available within the nominal signal frequency band
The nominal signal output power must be compatible with the requirements for spurious emissions.
The nominal signal output power is given below in dBm because the nominal input-output impedance is well defined (see 5.3).
3.3.2 spurious emissions emissions, at one or more frequencies, located outside the nominal signal frequency band
Spurious emissions comprise harmonics, parasitic signals and intermodulation products.
4 Low-voltage mains signalling requirements
IEC 61000-3-8 shall apply to low-voltage distribution networks.
NOTE – In some countries national regulations prevail on the requirements of IEC 61000-3-8.
5 Medium-voltage mains signalling transmission requirements
The signal frequency range extends from 3 kHz up to 500 kHz.
The use of frequencies in this band shall be restricted to electricity supplies.
DLC systems shall not cause interference with services within the frequency band laid down by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) Radio Regulation.
The frequency spectrum in a country must consider the requirements of different radio and broadcasting services, including those for aeronautical and maritime navigation systems, while also adhering to local or national regulations that ensure their protection.
The nominal signal frequency band (BN) to be used in distribution line carrier systems on an
MV distribution network shall be as follows:
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The bandwidth of the base frequency signal in a voice frequency channel is crucial in power line communication (PLC) systems, as outlined in IEC 60495 and IEC 60663 The selection of a specific base frequency largely depends on frequency allocation practices in different countries Currently, various values are in use.
2,5 kHz, 4 kHz; n = 1, 2, 3, 4 pour DLC en bande étroite; n >4 pour DLC en large bande.
Energy lines form a closed mesh, meaning that a frequency used in one section of a network can manifest in other sections at a high enough level to cause interference This interference may result from inductive or capacitive coupling between unshielded conductors.
To prevent interference between high voltage power line systems and medium voltage DLC systems, the nominal frequency bands designated for medium voltage power lines must be exclusively reserved for medium voltage DLC systems.
Bande de fréquences du signal
La bande de fréquences du signal est contenue dans la bande de fréquences nominale choisie.
Impédance nominale d'entrée-sortie
L'impédance nominale typique doit être de 75 Ω (non équilibré) ou de 150 Ω (équilibré) pour la plage de fréquences comprises entre 30 kHz et 500 kHz, conformément à la CEI 60495 et à la
On peut choisir des valeurs non équilibrées inférieures à 75 Ω dans la plage de fréquences comprises entre 3 kHz et 30 kHz.
The nominal input-output impedance values mentioned above are standardized Compliance with these nominal impedance values in a medium voltage network must be achieved through the coupling device used.
Puissance du signal de sortie
Puissance nominale du signal de sortie
There are two options for the nominal output signal power: 1 W and 5 W Figure 1 illustrates the limits of the nominal output signal power as a function of frequency.
Ces limites sont choisies en vue de satisfaire les besoins suivants:
– pour l’option de 1 W, la puissance nominale du signal de sortie ne doit pas dépasser
1 000 W à 3 kHz, elle dộcroợt linộairement au logarithme de la frộquence de 30 dB par décade jusqu’à arriver à 30 kHz et ne doit dépasser 1 W au-dessus de 30 kHz;
– pour l’option de 5 W, la puissance nominale du signal de sortie ne doit pas dépasser
1 000 W à 3 kHz; elle dộcroợt de 30 dB par dộcade jusqu’à arriver à 17,5 kHz et ne doit pas dépasser 5 W au-dessus de 17,5 kHz.
Les systèmes DLC ne doivent pas provoquer d'interférences avec les services situés dans la bande de fréquences définie par la réglementation de radiodiffusion de l'UIT (Union
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The basic signal frequency bandwidth (B) for voice frequency channels in power-line carrier systems (PLC) is defined by IEC 60495 and IEC 60663 The selection of a specific frequency band is influenced by the frequency allocation practices in various countries, with commonly used values being 2.5 kHz and 4 kHz For DLC narrow band, the values of n are 1, 2, 3, and 4, while for DLC wide band, n exceeds 4.
The closed mesh of power lines can lead to frequency interference across different sections of a network This interference often arises from inductive and capacitive coupling between untrapped conductors.
In order to avoid interference between existing power-line carrier systems operating over high- voltage lines and DLC systems operating over MV lines, the nominal signal frequency bands
BN chosen for MV power lines shall be exclusively dedicated to the MV DLC system.
The signal frequency band is contained within the nominal signal frequency band selected.
The typical nominal input-output impedance shall be 75 Ω (unbalanced) or 150 Ω (balanced) for the frequency range from 30 kHz to 500 kHz according to IEC 60495 and IEC 60663.
Different unbalanced values less than 75 Ω may be chosen in the frequency range from 3 kHz to 30 kHz.
The standard values for nominal input-output impedances are crucial, and achieving compatibility between these nominal impedances and the MV network impedance is accomplished using the appropriate coupling device.
There are two nominal signal output power options, 1 W and 5 W Figure 1 shows the limits of the nominal signal output power versus frequency.
These limits are chosen to meet the following needs:
– for the 1 W option, the nominal signal output power shall not exceed 1 000 W at 3 kHz, decreasing by 30 dB per decade until it reaches 30 kHz, and shall not exceed 1 W above that frequency;
– for the 5 W option, the nominal signal output power shall not exceed 1 000 W at 3 kHz, decreasing by 30 dB per decade until it reaches 17,5 kHz, and shall not exceed 5 W above that frequency.
DLC systems shall not cause interference with services within the frequency band laid down by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) Radio Regulation.
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The frequency bands and output power levels currently utilized in a given country must consider the requirements of various radio and broadcasting services, including air and maritime navigation systems Additionally, they should adhere to any local or national limitations or regulations, ensuring appropriate protections are in place.
On donne dans l'annexe A d'autres considérations concernant l'amplitude de la tension du signal sur le réseau moyenne tension ainsi que les champs électromagnétiques (EM) produits.
Lors de la conception du système MT, des passages vers la BT peuvent se produire et des mesures qui prennent en compte ce phénomène doivent alors être prises.
Frequency bands
3.1.1 signal frequency range total band available for distribution line carrier use
3.1.2 basic frequency band elementary subdivision of the signal frequency range or part thereof allocated to a single power-line carrier (see IEC 60495 and IEC 60663) transmit or receive channel
3.1.3 nominal signal frequency band frequency band in which a particular DLC transmitter or receiver operates
3.1.4 signal frequency band frequency band which contains at least 99 % of the signal power
Nominal input-output impedance
3.2.1 nominal input-output impedance value of impedance for which an input or output circuit has been designed and for which the prescribed requirements apply
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3.3 Puissance du signal de sortie
3.3.1 puissance nominale du signal de sortie
PEP (Peak Envelope Power = enveloppe des pics de puissance) disponible dans la bande de fréquences nominale du signal.
Il faut que la puissance nominale du signal de sortie soit compatible avec les exigences relatives aux émissions parasites.
La puissance nominale du signal de sortie est, à partir d'ici, donnée en dBm parce que l'impédance nominale en entrée et en sortie est parfaitement définie (voir 5.3).
3.3.2 émissions parasites émissions sur une ou plusieurs fréquences situées en dehors de la bande de fréquences du signal
Les émissions parasites comprennent les harmoniques, les signaux parasites et les produits intermodulations.
4 Exigences pour la transmission de signaux sur le réseau électrique basse tension
La CEI 61000-3-8 s’applique en ce qui concerne les réseaux de distribution basse tension.
NOTE – Dans certains pays, les règles nationales prévalent sur les prescriptions de la CEI 61000-3-8.
5 Exigences pour la transmission de signaux sur le réseau électrique moyenne tension
5.1.1 Plage de fréquences du signal
La plage de fréquences du signal s’étend de 3 kHz à 500 kHz.
L'utilisation de fréquences dans cette bande doit être limitée à la distribution d'électricité.
Les systèmes DLC ne doivent pas provoquer d'interférences avec les services situés dans la bande de fréquences définie par la réglementation de radiodiffusion de l'UIT (Union
The available frequency spectrum in a given country must consider the needs of various radio services and broadcasting, including aeronautical and maritime navigation systems, while also adhering to local or national limitations and regulations that provide appropriate protections.
5.1.2 Bande de fréquences nominale du signal
La bande de fréquences nominale du signal (BN) utilisée par les systèmes de lignes de distribution sur un réseau de distribution en moyenne tension doit être telle que:
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Signal output power
Peak Envelope Power (PEP) available within the nominal signal frequency band
The nominal signal output power must be compatible with the requirements for spurious emissions.
The nominal signal output power is given below in dBm because the nominal input-output impedance is well defined (see 5.3).
3.3.2 spurious emissions emissions, at one or more frequencies, located outside the nominal signal frequency band
Spurious emissions comprise harmonics, parasitic signals and intermodulation products.
4 Low-voltage mains signalling requirements
IEC 61000-3-8 shall apply to low-voltage distribution networks.
NOTE – In some countries national regulations prevail on the requirements of IEC 61000-3-8.
5 Medium-voltage mains signalling transmission requirements
Frequency bands
Signal frequency range
The signal frequency range extends from 3 kHz up to 500 kHz.
The use of frequencies in this band shall be restricted to electricity supplies.
DLC systems shall not cause interference with services within the frequency band laid down by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) Radio Regulation.
The frequency spectrum in a country must consider the requirements of different radio and broadcasting services, including those for aeronautical and maritime navigation, while also adhering to local and national regulations that ensure their protection.
Nominal signal frequency band
The nominal signal frequency band (BN) to be used in distribution line carrier systems on an
MV distribution network shall be as follows:
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The bandwidth of the base frequency signal in a voice frequency channel is defined in recommended CPL systems (refer to IEC 60495 and IEC 60663) The selection of a specific base frequency for the signal primarily depends on frequency allocation practices in different countries Currently utilized values are as follows.
2,5 kHz, 4 kHz; n = 1, 2, 3, 4 pour DLC en bande étroite; n >4 pour DLC en large bande.
Energy lines form a closed mesh, meaning that a frequency used in one section of a network can manifest in other sections at a high enough level to cause interference This interference may result from inductive or capacitive coupling between uninsulated conductors.
To prevent interference between high voltage power line systems and medium voltage DLC systems, the nominal frequency bands designated for medium voltage power lines must be exclusively reserved for medium voltage DLC systems.
5.1.3 Bande de fréquences du signal
La bande de fréquences du signal est contenue dans la bande de fréquences nominale choisie.
L'impédance nominale typique doit être de 75 Ω (non équilibré) ou de 150 Ω (équilibré) pour la plage de fréquences comprises entre 30 kHz et 500 kHz, conformément à la CEI 60495 et à la
On peut choisir des valeurs non équilibrées inférieures à 75 Ω dans la plage de fréquences comprises entre 3 kHz et 30 kHz.
The nominal input-output impedance values mentioned are standardized Compliance with these nominal impedance values in a medium voltage network must be achieved through the adopted coupling device.
5.3 Puissance du signal de sortie
5.3.1 Puissance nominale du signal de sortie
There are two options for the nominal output signal power: 1 W and 5 W Figure 1 illustrates the limits of the nominal output signal power as a function of frequency.
Ces limites sont choisies en vue de satisfaire les besoins suivants:
– pour l’option de 1 W, la puissance nominale du signal de sortie ne doit pas dépasser
1 000 W à 3 kHz, elle dộcroợt linộairement au logarithme de la frộquence de 30 dB par décade jusqu’à arriver à 30 kHz et ne doit dépasser 1 W au-dessus de 30 kHz;
– pour l’option de 5 W, la puissance nominale du signal de sortie ne doit pas dépasser
1 000 W à 3 kHz; elle dộcroợt de 30 dB par dộcade jusqu’à arriver à 17,5 kHz et ne doit pas dépasser 5 W au-dessus de 17,5 kHz.
Les systèmes DLC ne doivent pas provoquer d'interférences avec les services situés dans la bande de fréquences définie par la réglementation de radiodiffusion de l'UIT (Union
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The basic signal frequency bandwidth (B) for voice frequency channels in power-line carrier systems (PLC) is defined by standards such as IEC 60495 and IEC 60663 The selection of a specific frequency band is influenced by the frequency allocation practices in various countries, with common values being 2.5 kHz and 4 kHz For DLC narrow band, the values of n are 1, 2, 3, and 4, while for DLC wide band, n exceeds 4.
The closed mesh of power lines can lead to frequency interference across different sections of a network This interference often arises from inductive and capacitive coupling between untrapped conductors, resulting in elevated levels that may disrupt communication.
In order to avoid interference between existing power-line carrier systems operating over high- voltage lines and DLC systems operating over MV lines, the nominal signal frequency bands
BN chosen for MV power lines shall be exclusively dedicated to the MV DLC system.
Signal frequency band
The signal frequency band is contained within the nominal signal frequency band selected.
Nominal input-output impedance
The typical nominal input-output impedance shall be 75 Ω (unbalanced) or 150 Ω (balanced) for the frequency range from 30 kHz to 500 kHz according to IEC 60495 and IEC 60663.
Different unbalanced values less than 75 Ω may be chosen in the frequency range from 3 kHz to 30 kHz.
The standard values for nominal input-output impedances are crucial, and achieving compatibility between these nominal impedances and the MV network impedance is facilitated by the selected coupling device.
Signal output power
Nominal signal output power
There are two nominal signal output power options, 1 W and 5 W Figure 1 shows the limits of the nominal signal output power versus frequency.
These limits are chosen to meet the following needs:
– for the 1 W option, the nominal signal output power shall not exceed 1 000 W at 3 kHz, decreasing by 30 dB per decade until it reaches 30 kHz, and shall not exceed 1 W above that frequency;
– for the 5 W option, the nominal signal output power shall not exceed 1 000 W at 3 kHz, decreasing by 30 dB per decade until it reaches 17,5 kHz, and shall not exceed 5 W above that frequency.
DLC systems shall not cause interference with services within the frequency band laid down by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) Radio Regulation.
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The frequency and output power ranges currently utilized in a given country must consider the needs of various radio and broadcasting services, including air and maritime navigation systems, while also adhering to any local or national regulations and providing appropriate protections.
On donne dans l'annexe A d'autres considérations concernant l'amplitude de la tension du signal sur le réseau moyenne tension ainsi que les champs électromagnétiques (EM) produits.
Lors de la conception du système MT, des passages vers la BT peuvent se produire et des mesures qui prennent en compte ce phénomène doivent alors être prises.
Figures 2 and 3 illustrate the transmission templates that define the nominal bandwidth limits and the external spurious limits of equipment operating within frequency ranges of 3 kHz to 30 kHz and 30 kHz to 500 kHz, respectively.
The limit of 10 dBµA outside the signal frequency range is established to prevent interference with existing distribution systems on high voltage lines This applies to the frequency range between 30 kHz and 500 kHz, as outlined in IEC 60495.
En ce qui concerne la figure 2 les différentes limites définies au-dessus de 30 kHz (lignes hachurées), sont les suivantes:
– de 30 kHz à 70 kHz = 0 dBm (1 mW);
– de 70 kHz à 140 kHz = –10 dBm (100 àW);
– de 140 kHz à 200 kHz = –15 dBm (∼32 àW).
They are primarily caused by the high power of transmitters and the non-linearity of components, and can be utilized by adhering to the following guidelines within the power range of 30 kHz to 200 kHz.
– il n'est pas possible d'utiliser d’autres systèmes PLC à proximité des lignes haute tension;
– il n'est pas possible d'utiliser plusieurs systèmes DLC sur le même réseau moyenne tension.
Measurements of spurious emissions should be conducted using a spectrum analyzer with a bandwidth resolution of 300 Hz and an input impedance equal to the nominal output impedance The test must utilize an m-sequence, specifically with m = 127.
5.3.3 Dépassement de capacité du signal et transfert vers la basse tension (BT)
Superimposed signals on medium voltage must not exceed the specified levels during the transfer to low voltage, as outlined in Article 4, whether within the utility band or other designated bands.
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The frequency and output power range in a country must consider the requirements of different radio and broadcasting services, including aeronautical and maritime navigation systems, while also adhering to local or national regulations that ensure their protection.
Annex A contains further considerations concerning the signal-voltage amplitude on MV network and the radiated electromagnetic (EM) field.
When designing the MV system, spillover to LV systems can occur and the appropriate counter-measures shall be taken.
Spurious emission
Figures 2 and 3 shown the transmission masks comprising both the nominal signal band limits and out-of-band spurious limits for equipment operating in the frequency ranges from 3 kHz to
30 kHz and from 30 kHz to 500 kHz respectively.
To avoid interference with existing power-line carrier systems operating on high voltage lines within the frequency range of 30 kHz to 500 kHz, a limit of 10 àW outside the nominal signal-frequency bands has been established, as outlined in IEC 60495 and IEC 60663.
As far as figure 2 is concerned, the different limits defined above 30 kHz (dashed lines) are the following:
– from 30 kHz to 70 kHz = 0 dBm (1 mW);
– from 70 kHz to 140 kHz = –10 dBm (100 àW);
– from 140 kHz to 200 kHz = –15 dBm (~ 32 àW).
High transmitter powers and component non-linearity are the primary causes of these issues To mitigate them, it is essential to adhere to specific guidelines within the frequency range of 30 kHz.
– it is not possible to use other PLC systems on neighbouring HV lines;
– it is not possible to use several DLC systems on the same MV network.
Measurement of the spurious emissions shall be carried out using a spectrum analyser with a
300 Hz bandwidth resolution and an input impedance equal to the nominal output impedance.
The test shall be carried out using an m-sequence, with m = 127.
Signal spillover and transfer to LV
Signals superimposed on the MV shall not exceed, when transferred to the LV, the levels specified in clause 4, either in the utility band or other bands specified.
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Figure 1 – Puissance nominale du signal de sortie
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Figure 1 – Nominal signal output power
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Figure 2 – Gabarit de transmission moyenne tension pour dispositifs fonctionnant dans la plage de fréquences comprise entre 3 kHz et 30 MHz
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Figure 2 – MV transmission mask for equipment operating in the frequency range 3 kHz to 30 MHz
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Figure 3 – Gabarit de transmission moyenne tension pour dispositifs fonctionnant dans la plage de fréquences comprise entre 30 kHz et 500 kHz
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Figure 3 – MV transmission mask for equipment operating in the frequency range 30 kHz to 500 kHz
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Amplitude de tension des signaux sur un réseau moyenne tension
This section of IEC 61334 addresses the characteristics of the signal used for transmissions in distribution line systems for medium and low voltage networks, focusing on frequency allocation and levels of emissions both within and outside the band The signal level in low voltage networks is defined by the signal amplitude (signal voltage) and is related to the standardized measurement network (refer to CISPR 16-1) that simulates low voltage networks In contrast, the signal level in medium voltage networks is influenced by several factors.
– la puissance nominale du signal de sortie du transmetteur (voir 5.3.1);
– l’impédance nominale de sortie du transmetteur (voir 5.2);
– l'impédance en entrée du point de couplage au réseau moyenne tension.
En conséquence, l'amplitude du signal (tension du signal) dans le réseau moyenne tension peut ờtre obtenue quand on connaợt les paramốtres ci-dessus.
Cette procédure évite la définition d'un réseau de mesure équivalent, simulant le réseau moyenne tension.
This appendix aims to assess the magnitude of signal tension on the medium voltage network The considerations apply to medium voltage overhead power lines that support a distribution automation system (DAS) utilizing distribution lines (DLC) as a communication medium.
A.2 Puissance et tension sur un réseau moyenne tension
La puissance nominale du signal de sortie est le paramètre le plus significatif pour l'évaluation du comportement du système en ce qui concerne:
– l’efficacité de la transmission (le rapport entre la puissance disponible chez le récepteur et la puissance nominale du signal de sortie du transmetteur);
– la compatibilité avec d'autres systèmes de transmission, tels que la radiodiffusion.
Regarding the second point, it is important to estimate the signal voltage on the overhead lines of the medium voltage network to assess electromagnetic field (EMF) emissions.
Figure A.1 illustrates the signal voltage amplitude as a function of the medium voltage impedance at the coupling point, given a specified output power of 1 W This scenario assumes that the transmitter's output impedance consistently matches the coupling point impedance through the coupling device.
(pas de pertes d'insertion) Les résultats sont conformes aux mesures résumées dans la
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Signal-voltage amplitude on MV network
IEC 61334 addresses the signal characteristics, including frequency assignment, in-band level, and out-of-band spurious emissions, for distribution line carrier systems in both low voltage (LV) and medium voltage (MV) networks In the LV network, the signal level is defined by signal amplitude, specifically signal voltage, and is associated with a standard measuring network that simulates the LV environment, as outlined in CISPR 16-1 For the MV network, the signal level is similarly defined but with different parameters.
– the nominal signal output power of the transmitter (see 5.3.1);
– the nominal output impedance of the transmitter (see 5.2);
– the input impedance at the MV network coupling point.
As a consequence, the signal amplitude (signal voltage) on the MV network can be obtained knowing the above parameters.
This procedure avoids the definition of an equivalent measuring network simulating the MV network.
This annex aims at evaluating the signal-voltage amplitude on the MV network The consider- ations apply to MV voltage power overhead lines, supporting a distribution automation system
(DAS) using distribution line carriers (DLC) as communication media.
A.2 Power and voltage on the MV network
The nominal signal output power is the most significant parameter to evaluate the behaviour of the system in terms of:
– efficiency of the transmission (the ratio between the power available at the receiver and the nominal signal output power of the transmitter);
– compatibility with other transmission systems, such as radio broadcast.
Estimating the signal voltage on the medium voltage (MV) overhead line is essential for assessing the radiated electromagnetic (EM) field.
Figure A.1 illustrates the relationship between signal voltage amplitude and MV coupling point impedance, maintaining a constant nominal signal output power of 1 W This scenario assumes that the transmitter output impedance is perfectly matched to the MV coupling point impedance via the coupling device, with no insertion losses The findings align with the measurements outlined in IEC 61334-1-4.
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Dans la réalité il faut tenir compte du fait que:
– l'impédance transférée du transmetteur (à travers le dispositif de couplage) a une valeur de résistance fixe dans la bande de fréquences conformément aux considérations du système;
– l'impédance au point de couplage a en général une valeur complexe (parties résistantes et parties actives).
Le niveau maximal de la tension du signal à un point de couplage en moyenne tension est représenté par la figure A.2.
A.3 Puissance du champ électromagnétique émis
Medium voltage power lines carrying communications generate an electromagnetic (EM) field that can interfere with nearby radio receivers The energy emitted by the power line is relatively low and primarily depends on the transmitter's output, as well as the coupling type with the line near the coupling point The power of the field, measured perpendicularly to the line, decreases with distance \(x\) from the line in an approximate ratio of \(1/x^2\) within the frequency range around 100 kHz.
Tests conducted on sample trials revealed a peak power value ranging from 90 dBµV/m to 100 dBµV/m at a distance of 20 meters from the overhead line, near the transmitter, under the specified testing conditions.
– puissance nominale de sortie du signal: 1 W;
– impédance du transmetteur ajustée à l'impédance du point de couplage;
– dispositif de couplage: phase à phase isolé capacitif.
These limits pertain to the in-band signal The out-of-band signal, as defined in this standard (refer to figures 2 and 3), is designed to prevent interference between channels and generates an electric field well below the emission power limits set to ensure radio reception.
The reference standard that sets limits on electromagnetic disturbances generated by overhead power lines to protect radio broadcast receptions and other services is CISPR 18 This standard outlines testing methods and equipment, as well as disturbance limits for frequencies above 150 kHz It specifies the method for determining compliance with these limits and defines the power boundary beyond which radio reception is assured.
Les documents cités dans cette annexe portent les titres suivants:
CEI/TR3 61334-1-4:1995, Automatisation de la distribution à l'aide de systèmes de communication à courants porteurs – Partie 1: Considérations générales – Section 4:
Identification des paramètres de transmission de données des réseaux de distribution moyenne et basse tension
CISPR 18, — Caractéristiques des lignes et des équipements à haute tension relatives aux perturbations radioélectriques
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In real cases, taking into account that:
– the transferred transmitter impedance (through the coupling device) has a fixed resistive value in the working frequency band according to system consideration,
– the coupling point impedance has in general a complex value (resistive and reactive parts), the maximum signal-voltage level on the MV coupling point is represented in figure A.2.
A.3 Power and EM radiated field
MV power overhead lines that transmit communication create an electromagnetic (EM) field, which can disrupt nearby radio receivers The level of carrier energy emitted by the line is relatively low and is primarily influenced by the transmitter's output and the type of line coupling at the radiation's source Additionally, the field strength perpendicular to the power line diminishes with distance, following a pattern that closely resembles 1/x² for frequencies in the surrounding range.
Field-test trials revealed that the peak field strength ranged from 90 dBµV/m to 100 dBµV/m at a distance of 20 meters from the overhead line, close to the transmitter, under specific testing conditions.
– transmitter impedance matched with the coupling-point impedance;
– coupling device: phase-to-phase isolated capacitive coupling device.
The limits outlined pertain to in-band signals, while out-of-band signals, as defined in this standard, are designed to prevent channel interference These out-of-band signals generate an electric field that remains significantly below the power-line emission limits, ensuring optimal radio reception.
CISPR 18 is the reference standard that sets limits on electromagnetic disturbances from overhead power lines to safeguard broadcast radio reception and other communication services It outlines the necessary testing equipment, methods, and disturbance limits for frequencies exceeding 150 kHz Additionally, the standard details the compliance determination process and establishes the boundaries of the power installation beyond which radio reception is assured.
The documents listed in this annex have the following titles:
IEC/TR3 61334-1-4:1995, Distribution automation using distribution line carrier systems –
Part 1: General considerations – Section 4: Identification of data transmission parameters concerning medium- and low-voltage distribution mains
CISPR 18,— Radio interference characteristics of overhead power lines and high-voltage equipment
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Impédance du point de couplage Ω
Figure A.1 – Tension injectée dans une ligne aérienne moyenne tension (impédance ajustée)
600 Impédance du point de couplage Ω
Figure A.2 – Tension injectée dans une ligne aérienne moyenne tension (impédance non ajustée)
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Figure A.1 – Voltage injected into an MV overhead line
Figure A.2 – Voltage injected into an MV overhead line
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