Iec 60721 1 2002

NORME INTERNATIONALE CEI IEC INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 60721 1 Edition 2 2 2002 10 Classification des conditions d''''environnement – Partie 1 Agents d''''environnement et leurs sévérités Classification of env[.]

Généralités

Real-world environmental conditions that a product faces are typically complex and consist of various environmental factors and their corresponding agents Therefore, when defining the environmental conditions for a specific application, it is essential to consider these complexities.

– établir la liste des facteurs d’environnement concernés;

– choisir les sévérités appropriées pour chaque agent.

Les influences de l’environnement sur un produit pour une application donnée résultent:

– des conditions caractérisant le milieu environnant, normalement l’air ou l’eau (et le sol dans certains cas);

– des conditions caractérisant la structure à laquelle le produit est associé;

– des influences dues à des sources ou à des activités externes.

When selecting environmental factors and agents for a specific product application, it is essential to assess the conditions and influences of each individual environmental factor, their combinations, and the sequence in which they occur.

Les termes pour les facteurs et les agents d’environnement correspondent en règle générale à ceux qui sont utilisés dans la CEI 60068, dans la mesure ó ceux-ci sont applicables.

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3.3 environmental parameter one or more physical, chemical or biological properties characterizing an environmental factor

EXAMPLE – The environmental factor vibration is characterized by the parameters: type of vibration (sinusoidal, random), acceleration and frequency

3.4 severity of environmental parameter a value of each quantity, characterizing the environmental parameter

EXAMPLE – The severity of sinusoidal vibration is defined by values of the acceleration

(in m/s 2 ) and frequency (in Hz).

3.5 application, product application a condition or a situation met by a product

EXAMPLES of applications – Office working rooms, steelworks, ground transport Applications do not refer to a class of products (e.g computers).

3.6 group of environmental parameters and their severities a set of environmental conditions characteristic for a specific use or purpose

When determining the environmental conditions for a specific product application, it is essential to consider the complex interplay of various environmental factors and their corresponding parameters.

– list the environmental factors involved;

– Select appropriate severities for each parameter.

The environmental influences on a product in a certain application is a result of:

– conditions of the surrounding medium, normally air or water (in certain cases, soil);

– conditions of the structure to which the product is connected;

– influences from external sources or activities.

When choosing environmental factors and parameters for a specific product application, it is essential to evaluate the conditions and influences of individual, combined, and sequential environmental factors as they manifest.

The terms for the environmental factors and parameters correspond in general to those used in IEC 60068, as far as applicable.

Liste des agents et des facteurs d’environnement individuels et de leurs sévérités

La liste des facteurs et des agents d’environnement donnée dans le tableau 1 doit être utilisée:

– comme une ôliste de contrụleằ de faỗon à s’assurer que tous les facteurs et les agents applicables ont bien été pris en considération;

– en vue d’uniformiser la description de l’environnement.

The severity levels outlined in Table 1 for each agent should be utilized for standardization purposes These levels are restricted to the severities of environmental conditions to which a product may be exposed.

On n’a pas cherché à couvrir les sévérités des contraintes résultantes, appliquées au produit.

For instance, the severities take into account the surrounding medium's temperature (air, water, soil, steam, ice, oil, etc.) and the temperature of the associated structure, but they are not intended to represent the temperatures of the product's hot spots themselves.

Les sévérités sont essentiellement liées aux conditions d’environnement limites; elles ne tiennent pas compte des conditions correspondant aux mesures de référence, de calibration, etc.

Facteurs d’environnement combinés

A product is simultaneously exposed to various environmental factors and their corresponding agents The impact of the combination of these environmental factors is particularly significant, as exposure to a combined environment affects the product differently than when environmental factors act consecutively.

When selecting environmental factors for a specific product application, it is advisable to identify the environmental agents whose combinations should be considered.

General

When determining the environmental conditions for a specific product application, it is essential to consider the complex interplay of various environmental factors and their corresponding parameters.

– list the environmental factors involved;

– Select appropriate severities for each parameter.

The environmental influences on a product in a certain application is a result of:

– conditions of the surrounding medium, normally air or water (in certain cases, soil);

– conditions of the structure to which the product is connected;

– influences from external sources or activities.

When choosing environmental factors and parameters for a specific product application, it is essential to evaluate the conditions and influences of individual, combined, and sequential environmental factors as they arise.

The terms for the environmental factors and parameters correspond in general to those used in IEC 60068, as far as applicable.

4.2 Liste des agents et des facteurs d’environnement individuels et de leurs sévérités

La liste des facteurs et des agents d’environnement donnée dans le tableau 1 doit être utilisée:

– comme une ôliste de contrụleằ de faỗon à s’assurer que tous les facteurs et les agents applicables ont bien été pris en considération;

– en vue d’uniformiser la description de l’environnement.

The severity levels outlined in Table 1 for each agent should be utilized for standardization purposes These levels are restricted to the severities of environmental conditions to which a product may be exposed.

On n’a pas cherché à couvrir les sévérités des contraintes résultantes, appliquées au produit.

For instance, the severities take into account the surrounding medium's temperature (air, water, soil, steam, ice, oil, etc.) and the temperature of the associated structure, but they are not intended to represent the temperatures of the product's hot spots themselves.

Les sévérités sont essentiellement liées aux conditions d’environnement limites; elles ne tiennent pas compte des conditions correspondant aux mesures de référence, de calibration, etc.

A product is simultaneously exposed to various environmental factors and their corresponding agents The impact of the combination of these environmental factors is particularly significant, as exposure to a combined environment affects the product differently than when environmental factors act consecutively.

When selecting environmental factors for a specific product application, it is advisable to identify the environmental agents whose combinations should be considered.

Certain effects resulting from a product's exposure to specific environmental conditions are a direct consequence of its interaction with two or more factors or agents acting consecutively Here are two important examples:

Thermal shock occurs when a product is exposed to extreme temperature changes, such as transitioning from high to low temperatures or vice versa It can also result from exposure to water—such as rain, splashes, or sea waves—immediately after being subjected to high temperatures.

Ice formation can occur when a product is exposed to temperatures below freezing, particularly just before or after being subjected to humidity, rain, or water from sources other than rain.

Il est recommandé de tenir compte de ces éventualités lorsqu’on définit les conditions d’environnement auxquelles un produit donné est exposé.

List of single environmental factors and parameters and their severities

The list of environmental factors and parameters given in table 1 shall be used:

– as a check list to ensure that relevant factors and parameters have been considered;

– to achieve uniformity in the description of the environment.

The severities listed in Table 1 are intended for standardization and are specifically limited to the environmental conditions that a product may encounter.

The focus is not on the extreme stresses experienced by the product Instead, it addresses the temperatures of surrounding media such as air, water, soil, water vapor, ice, and oil, as well as the temperatures of the structures to which the product is attached However, it does not account for the temperatures of hot spots on the product itself.

The severities are primarily related to limit environmental conditions, and do not include conditions for reference measurements, calibration, etc.

Combined environmental factors

A product is influenced by various environmental factors and their parameters simultaneously The impact of these combined environmental factors is crucial, particularly when their simultaneous exposure alters the product's performance differently than if it were exposed to these factors in a sequential manner.

When selecting environmental factors for a certain product application it is therefore recommended to check the environmental factors, the combination of which may need to be taken into account.

Sequences of environmental factors

Certain effects of exposing a product to environmental conditions are a direct result of exposing it to two or more factors or parameters in a direct sequence Two important examples are:

Thermal shock occurs when a product is subjected to rapid temperature changes, such as transitioning from high to low temperatures or vice versa This phenomenon can also result from exposing the product to water—like rain, water jets, or sea waves—immediately after it has been heated.

The formation of ice can occur when a product is subjected to temperatures below freezing, particularly after being exposed to humidity, rain, or water from non-rain sources.

It is recommended that these possibilities be taken into account when defining the environmental conditions to which a certain product will be exposed.

–65 –55 –50 + –40 –33 + –25 –20 –15 –5 x x x + La sévérité provient de climatogrammes correspondant à des types particuliers de climats à l’air libre

Point de congélation de l’eau +5 +10 +15 +20 +25 +30 +35 + +40 +45 +50 +55 +60 +70 +85 +100 +125 +155 +200

Cette sévérité ne s’applique qu’à l’eau Elle ne s’applique ni à l’air, ni aux structures (voir CEI 60721-3-6)

1.1.2 Taux de variation de température, K/min

Taux de variation de température, K/s

A product can experience thermal shock when moved from one environment to another, such as from outside to inside a container, or when exposed to conditions with differing temperatures, like rain or water splashes The severity of thermal shock is determined by specific temperature parameters, including air and water temperatures, which can be considered as individual environmental factors or in combination with the movement of the surrounding medium.

5 10 15 20 50 75 85 95 100 x L'effet de l'humidité sur un produit correspond toujours à la combinaison d'une humidité relative avec d'autres agents d'environnement, essentiellement la température et les varia- tions de température

* Pour les notes, voir pages 36 à 40.

Freezing point of water x x x + Severity derived from climatograms relevant to specific open-air types of climate

This severity refers only to water, net to air or structures (see IEC 60721-3-6)

1.1.2 Rate of change of temperature, K/min

Rate of change of temperature, K/s

Temperature shocks can occur when a product is transferred between different environments, such as moving from outdoors to indoors, or when it encounters a medium with a temperature that differs from its own, like exposure to rain or water jets.

The severity of temperature shock will be determined by selecting parameters from a range of temperatures, including air and water temperatures These parameters can be used individually or in combination with the movement of the surrounding medium.

75 85 95 100 x The effect of humidity on a product is always the effect of a combination of relative humidity with other environmental parameters, primarily temperature and change of temperature

* For notes, see pages 37 to 41.

0,003 0,02 0,03 0,1 0,26 0,5 0,9 1 2 4 15 22 25 29 35 36 48 60 62 78 80 x Les sévérités proviennent de climatogrammes correspondant à des types particuliers de climats à l’air libre

1.3.3 Taux de variation de la pression, kPa/s

1.4 Mouvement du milieu environnant, en y incluant le déplacement du produit par rapport au milieu environnant

The intensity of rainfall is defined as the amount of water that strikes a horizontal surface per unit of time This intensity can be significantly lower than the amount of water hitting a surface that is perpendicular to the direction of the rain.

1 3 x La sộvộritộ 3 kg/(m 2 ã s) ne peut s'appliquer qu'à proximité du sol Voir la CEI 60721-2-2

Pour les charges dues à la neige ou à la glace, voir le facteur ôCharge statiqueằ (article 6.7)

0,003 0,02 0,03 0,1 0,26 0,5 0,9 1 2 4 15 22 25 29 35 36 48 60 62 78 80 x The severities are derived from climatograms relevant to specific open-air types of climate

1.3.3 Rate of change of pressure, kPa/s

1.4 Movement of surrounding medium, including movement of the product relative to the surrounding medium

The intensity of rainfall is defined as the volume of water striking a horizontal surface over a specific time period This measurement can be significantly lower than the volume of water impacting a surface that is oriented perpendicular to the direction of the rain.

1 3 x The severity 3 kg (m2 ã s) applies only to conditions near to the ground See IEC 60721-2-2 For loads caused by snow or ice, see the factor “static load”, item 6.7

1 40 150 x Pour le diamètre des grêlons, voir la CEI 60721-2-2

This article focuses solely on the thermal effects of solar radiation It is important to note that wavelengths in the ultraviolet range can have additional impacts on certain products.

Intensité x Aucune sévérité n'est fixée actuellement

1.7 Eau provenant d'autres sources que la pluie

Intensité x Aucune sévérité n'est fixée actuellement

1.7.2 Eclaboussures, pulvérisa- tion, jets d'eau et vagues

Profondeur de l'eau, m x Aucune sévérité n'est fixée actuellement

1.8 Mouillure x Mouillure des murs et des autres surfaces

Aucun agent d'environnement ni aucune sévé- rité ne sont fixés actuellement

1.9 Condensation x x Aucun agent d'environnement ni aucune sévé- rité ne sont fixés actuellement 1.10 Formation de glace et de givre

2.1 Flore x x Présence de moisissures, de champignons, etc.

Aucun agent d'environnement ni aucune sévé- rité ne sont fixés actuellement

2.2 Faune x x Présence de rongeurs ou d'autres animaux en excluant ou en y incluant les termites Aucun agent d'environnement ni aucune sévé- rité ne sont fixés actuellement

Pour le gaz et les vapeurs explosives, voir la CEI 60079-0

40 150 x For hailstone diameter, see IEC 60721-2-2

1 120 x Only the heating effect of solar radiation is considered here Radiation of wavelengths such as in the ultra-violet range can effect some products in other ways

Intensity x No severities at present

1.7 Water from sources other than rain

1.7.1 Dripping water intensity x No severities at present

1.7.2 Splashing, spraying water, water jets and waves

Water depth, m x No severities at present

1.8 Wetness x Wetness of walls and other surfaces

No parameter or severities at present

1.9 Condensation x x No parameter or severities at present

1.10 Formation of ice and frost

2.1 Flora x x Presence of mould, fungus, etc.

No parameters or severities at present

2.2 Fauna x x Presence of rodents or other animals, excluding or including termites

No parameters or severities at present

For explosive gases and vapours, see IEC 60079-0

Aucune sévérité n'est fixée actuellement

30 100 x Exprimés en quantités équivalentes de dioxyde d'azote

30 100 x Expressed in the equivalent values of nitrogen dioxide

Concentration, mg/m 3 x Aucune sévérité n'est fixée actuellement

4.1 Sable (en y incluant le gravier)

Masse par unité de volume, g/m 3

The mass per unit volume and the statistical distribution of particle sizes are crucial factors to consider Currently, there are no environmental agents or severity measures available to address this issue.

4.2 Poussière x Couvre différents types de poussière Il n'existe actuellement aucune règle pour leur classification

In certain cases, organic dust, such as textile fibers, can ignite when it settles on heat-dissipating products The resulting combustion products can be significant.

Masse par unité de volume, mg/m 3

Concentration, mg/m 3 x No severities at present

The distribution of particle sizes is crucial in addition to the mass per volume unit Currently, there are no parameters or severities available to complete this list.

4.2 Dust x Covers different types of dust No require- ment at present for their classification.

In some cases organic dust (e.g textile fibres) may burn when deposited on heat dissipating products The combustion products may then be of importance

Mass per volume unit, mg/m 3

Vitesse de sédimentation, mg/(m 2 ãh)

Concentration, kg/m 3 x Aucune sévérité n'est fixée actuellement

Vitesse de sédimentation x Aucune sévérité n'est fixée actuellement

Huile de boợte de vitesse

Aucun agent d'environnement ni aucune sévérité ne sont fixés actuellement

La liste n'est pas exhaustive, et les fluides cités aux articles 5.1 à 5.9 peuvent avoir des caractéristiques différentes

Spectre de type A: déplacement de crête ŝ, mm accélération de crête â, m/s 2 f c ≈ 9 Hz

15 50 x x ôSpectreằ à l'article 6.1.1, voir la note 4 et la figure 1

The transition frequency $ f_c $ is defined as the frequency at which the spectrum shifts from a constant displacement amplitude to a constant peak acceleration or a different peak acceleration value.

Spectre de type B: déplacement de crête ŝ, mm accélération de crête â, m/s 2 f c ≈ 60 Hz

Spectre de type C: déplacement de crête ŝ, mm accélération de crête â 1 , m/s 2 accélération de crête â 2 , m/s 2 f c ≈ 9 Hz, f c2 = 200 Hz,

Spectre de type D: déplacement de crête 1,5 mm accélération de crête â, m/s 2 fréquence de transition f c , Hz

Rate of sedimentation mg/(m 2 ãh)

Concentration, kg/m 3 x No severities at present

Rate of sedimentation x No severities at present

No parameter or severities at present This list is not exhaustive The fluids liste under items 5.1 to 5.9 may have differing characteristics

Spectrum type A: peak displacement ŝ, mm peak acceleration â, m/s 2 f c ≈ 9 Hz

The cross-over frequency, denoted as \$f_c\$, is the point at which the spectrum transitions from a constant displacement amplitude to a constant peak acceleration, or to an alternative peak acceleration value, as outlined in item 6.1.1 and illustrated in figure 1.

Spectrum type B: peak displacement ŝ, mm peak acceleration â, m/s 2 f c ≈ 60 Hz

Spectrum type C: peak displacement ŝ, mm peak acceleration â 1 , m/s 2 peak acceleration â 2 , m/s 2 f c ≈ 9 Hz, f c2 = 200 Hz,

Spectrum type D: peak displacement 1,5 mm peak acceleration â, m/s 2 cross-over frequency f c , Hz

30 10 x x DSA: Densité spectrale d'accélération. ôSpectreằ à l'article 6.1.2, voir la note 5 et la figure 2

6.1.3 Vibrations non stationnaires comprenant des chocs

Spectre de type L: accélération de crête â, m/s 2 40

Le ôspectreằ à l'article 6.1.3 est le spectre de réponses aux chocs, voir la note 6 et la figure 3

Spectre de type I: accélération de crête â, m/s 2 50

Spectre de type II: accélération de crête â, m/s 2 100

Spectre de type III: accélération de crête â, m/s 2 500

2,5 5 10 x Les effets éventuellement provoqués par la chute libre dépendent aussi du type de surface sur lequel tombe le produit.

Les sévérités dépendent de la masse

“Spectrum” in item 6.1.2, see note 5 and figure 2

6.1.3 Non-stationary vibration, including shock

“Spectrum” in item 6.1.3 is shock response spectrum, see note 6 and figure 3

Spectrum type II: peak acceleration â, m/s 2 100

Spectrum type III: peak acceleration â, m/s 2 500

2,5 5 10 x The effect of a free fall also depends on the type of surface on to which the products falls

The severities are mass-dependent

6.8 Basculement x x Aucun agent d'environnement ni aucune sévérité ne sont fixés actuellement

7 Perturbations électriques et électromagnétiques Perturbations rayonnées, articles 7.1 et 7.2

Perturbations conduites articles 7.3 à 7.7 7.1 Champ magnétique

(harmoniques des réseaux d'énergie, gamme 0,1-3 kHz pour l'ordre n des harmoniques)

6.7 Static load load pressure, kPa 0,1

6.8 Toppling x x No parameter or severities at present

7 Electric and electromagnetic disturbance Radiated disturbance, items 7.1 and 7.2

Conducted disturbance, items 7.3 to 7.7 7.1 Magnetic field

(harmonics of power systems, frequency range

0,1-3 kHz for n order of harmonics)

(basé sur la CEI 61000-2-5) 7.2.1 Intensité du champ V/m kV/m

7.2.2 Vitesse de V/ (mãns) variation du champ

Facteur de distorsion harmonique totale

% de la tension du fonda- mental

7.5 Variation de tension et fréquence

7.5.2 Creux de tension/micro- coupure

(based on IEC 61000-2-5) 7.2.1 Field strength V/m kV/m

7.2.2 Rate of change V/ (mãns) of field

7.7.1 Temps de montée ns às

7.7.4 Vitesse de variation du courant A/ns 10

7.7.4 Rate of change of current A/ns 10

NOTE 1 Les sévérités en italiques ne sont pas appliquées dans la CEI 60721-3.

NOTE 2 A – Conditions du milieu environnant, l'air;

W – Conditions du milieu environnant, l'eau;

S – Conditions de la structure à laquelle le produit est fixé;

E – Conditions dues aux influences de sources externes.

NOTE 3 La concentration des substances dans l'air est donnée en milligrammes par mètre cube L'usage de valeurs en parties par million (ppm) n'est pas acceptée.

A vibration is defined by an oscillatory motion, which can be described in terms of displacement, velocity, or acceleration over time Periodic vibrations can also be represented by a spectrum that shows the amplitude of each frequency component The classification used here is based on the generalization of the hypothesis that each frequency component can occur arbitrarily within a specified frequency band.

In low-frequency ranges, very low accelerations are often observed, while displacements can be relatively high Conversely, in higher frequency ranges, greater accelerations are noted alongside lower displacements Characteristic spectra are utilized, featuring constant displacements in the low-frequency zone and constant accelerations in the high-frequency zone Transition frequencies have been selected as shown in Figure 1, ensuring that spectra types A and C address cases dominated by low-frequency components, while types B and D cater to cases dominated by medium and high-frequency components.

Figure 1 – Spectres types pour une vibration sinusọdale

NOTE 1 Severities in italics are not applied in IEC 60721-3.

NOTE 2 A – Conditions of surrounding medium, air;

W – Conditions of surrounding medium, water;

S – Conditions of the structure to which the product is connected;

E – Conditions due to influences from external sources.

NOTE 3 Concentration of substances in air is given in milligrams per cubic metre The use of values in parts per million (ppm) is deprecated.

Tiêu đề	Classification of Environmental Conditions – Part 1: Environmental Parameters and Their Severities
Chuyên ngành	Environmental Conditions Classification
Thể loại	Standards
Năm xuất bản	2002

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