Bsi bs en 62282 3 1 2007

This stan ard contemplates al sig if i ant hazard , hazardou situation an events, with the ex e tion of those as ociated with en ironmental comp tibi ty in talation con ition , relevant

This Bri sh Stan ard was

published u der the authoriy

of the Stan ards Policy an

Strate y Commi e

on 3 July 0 7

© BSI 2 0

ISBN 9 8 0 5 0 5 3 0 9

This British Stand rd is the UK implementation of EN 62 82-3-1:20 7 It is

identical to IEC 62 82-3-1:20 7

The UK p rticip tion in its prep ration was entrusted to Tech ical Commit e

GEL/ 10 , Fuel cel tech olog ies

A l st of org anizations represented on this commit e can be obtained on

request to its sec etary

This publ cation do s not purport to include al the neces ary provisions of a

contract User are responsible for its cor ect a pl cation

Compl anc with a British Standard cannot c nfer im munity f om

legal obl gations

Am endm ents is ued sinc publcation

EUROPEAN STANDARD

Euro e n Commite for Electrotec nical Stan ardiz ation

Comité Euro pé n de Normalsation Electro te ch iq e

Euro äis hes K omite für Elektro tec nis he No rmu g

Ce ntral Se creta ria t: ru d Sta ss a rt 3 5, B - 10 0 Bru s els

© 2 0 CENELEC - All rig ts of e ploitatio in a y form a d b a y me ns reserv ed worldwid for CENELEC memb rs

R ef No.EN 6 2 2-3- :2 0 E

ICS 2 0 0

En ls version

Fuel cel technologies -

Part 3-1: St ationary fuel cel power sy stems -

This Euro e n Stan ard was a pprove b CENELEC o 2 0 -0 -01 CENELEC me mb rs are b u d t o c o mply

w it h t he CEN/CENELEC Int ernal Re gulatio s whic h s p lat e the c on itio s fo r giv in this Euro e n Sta d rd

the st at us of a n tio al st an ard wit ho t a y alt eratio n

Up-t o-d t e lst s a d biblo ra phic a l re fe re c es c o nc ernin suc h n t io al st an ards ma b o btain d o

a plc atio t o the Ce tral Se retariat o r to a y CENELEC member

This Europe n St an ard ex ists in t hree o fficial ve rsio s (En lsh, Fre c h, Germa ) A versio in a y ot her

la g a ge ma e b t ra slat io u d r the resp nsibi ty of a CENELEC me mb r int o it s o wn la g a ge a d n tifie

to t he Ce tra lSec reta riat h s the sa me st at us as t he oficial versio s

CENELEC memb rs are t he n tio al ele t rotec hnic al c o mmit t ees of Austria, Belgium, Bulg ria, Cy rus, the

Cze h Repu lc , De ma rk, Est onia, Finla d, Fra c e , Germa y, Gre c e, Hu ga ry, Ic ela d, Irela d, Italy, L t v ia,

Lithu nia, L x emb urg, Malt a, the Nethe a ds, Norwa , Pola d, Portug l, Ro ma ia, Slova k ia, Slo ve ia, Sp in,

Swe e , Swit zerla d a d the United Kin do m

The text of doc ment 10 / 13 / FDIS, futur e edition 1 of IEC 6 2 2-3-1, pre ared by IEC TC 10 , Fuel cel

tec nologies, was s bmited to the IEC-CENELEC p ralel vote an was a proved by CENELEC as

EN 6 2 2-3-1 on 2 0 -0 -01

The folowin dates were fi ed:

– latest date by whic the EN has to b implemented

at national level by publcation of an identical

– latest date by w hic the national stan ard conflctin

A nnex ZA has b en ad ed by CENELEC

Endorsement notice

The text of the International Stan ar d IEC 6 2 2-3-1:2 0 was a proved by CENELEC as a Euro e n

Stan ard without an modification

1 Sco e 5

2 Normative ref eren es 7

3 Terms an def i ition 10 4 Saf ety req irements an protective me s res .17 4.1 General safety strateg 17 4.2 Ph sical en ironment an o eratin con ition 18 4.3 Selection of materials 2

4.4 General req irements 21

4.5 Pres ure eq ipment an pipin 2

4.6 Protection again t fire or explosion hazard 2

4.7 Electrical saf ety .2

4.8 Electromag etic comp tibi ty (EMC) .3

4.9 Control s stems an protective comp nents .3

4.10 Pneumatic an h draul c p wered eq ipment .3

4.1 Valves 3

4.12 Rotatin eq ipment .3

4.13 Ca inets .3

4.14 Thermal in ulatin materials 4

4.15 Uti ties .4

4.16 In tal ation an maintenan e 41

5 Typ tests 41

5.1 General req irements 41

5.2 Test f uels 4

5.3 Basic test ar an ements .4

5.4 L akage tests .4

5.5 Stren th tests .4

5.6 Normal o eration typ test 4

5.7 Electrical overlo d test 4

5.8 Dielectric req irements an simulated a normal con ition 4

5.9 Sh tdown p rameters 4

5.10 Burner o eratin c aracteristic tests .4

5.1 Automatic control of burners an catalytic oxidation re ctors .5

5.12 Ex au t gas temp rature test .5

5.13 Surf ace an comp nent temp ratures .5

5.14 Win tests .5

5.15 Rain test .5

5.16 CO emis ion 5

5.17 L akage tests (re e t 5

6 Routine tests .5

7 Markin , la el n an p c agin 5

7.1 General req irements 5

7.2 Fuel cel p wer s stem markin 5

7.3 Markin of comp nents 5

7.4 Tec nical doc mentation 6

An ex A (informative) Sig if i ant hazard , hazardou situation an events de lt with

in this stan ard .6

An ex B (informative) Carburization an material comp tibi ty f or h drogen service .6

An ex C (normative) Test wal 7

An ex D (normative) Vent test wal 7

An ex E (normative) Piezo rin an detai s of typical con tru tion 7

An ex ZA (normative) Normative ref eren es to international publ cation with their cor esp n in Euro e n publ cation 7

Fig re 1 – Stationary fuel cel p wer s stems 6

Fig re 2 – Saf ety precaution f or odorized gas-f uel ed s stems 6

Fig re 3 – Saf ety precaution f or odorant-f re gas f uel ed s stems 6

Fig re 4 – Saf ety precaution f or l q id f uel ed s stems .6

Fig re C.1 – Test wal with static pres ure p rts an vent terminal location 7

Fig re D.1 – Vent test wal 7

Fig re E.1 – Piezo rin an detai s of typical con tru tion .7

Ta le 1 – Al owa le s rface temp ratures 21

Ta le 2 – Win cal bration .5

Ta le A.1 – Hazardou situation an events 6

This stan ard a ples to stationary p c aged, self -contained f uel cel p wer s stems or f uel

cel p wer s stems comprised of f actory matc ed p c ages of integrated s stems whic

generate electricity throu h electroc emical re ction

This stan ard a pl es to:

– s stems inten ed f or electrical con ection to main direct, or with a tran f er switc , or to a

stan -alone p wer distribution s stem;

– s stems inten ed to provide a.c or d.c p wer;

– s stems with or without the a i ty to recover u ef ul he t;

– s stems inten ed f or o eration on the f ol owin input f uels:

a) n tural g s a d oth r meth n ric g s s d riv d f rom re ewa le (bioma s) or f os i f uel

s urc s, f or e ample, la d l g s, dig ster g s, c al min g s;

b) f uels d riv d f rom oi re nin , f or e ample, die el, g s ln , k ro e e, lq e e p trole m

g s s s c a pro a e a d b ta e;

c) alc h ls, e ters, eth rs, ald h d s, k to e , Fis h r-Tro s h l q id a d oth r s ita le

h dro e -ric org nic c mp u d d riv d f rom re ewa le (bioma s) or f os i fu l s urc s,

f or e ample, meth n l, eth n l, di-meth l eth r, bio ie el;

d) h dro e , g s o s mixture c ntainin h dro e g s, for e ample, s nth sis g s, town

g s

This stan ard do s not cover

– p rta le f uel cel p wer s stems;

– pro ulsion f uel cel p wer s stems

A typical stationary f uel cel p wer s stem is s own in Fig re 1

Ca in t

or b u d ry Power in ut s

elec t ric al t hermal

Fig re 1 – Stationary f uel c l power s stems

The overal desig of the p wer s stem anticip ted by this stan ard s al f orm an as embly of

integrated s stems, as neces ary, inten ed to p rf orm desig ated f un tion , as f ol ows

– Fuel proces in s stem: Catalytic or c emical proces in eq ipment plu as ociated he t

ex han ers an controls req ired to pre are the f uel f or uti zation within a f uel cel

– Oxidant proces in s stem: The s stem that meters, con ition , proces es an may

pres urize the in omin s p ly f or u e within the f uel cel p wer s stem

– Thermal management s stem: Provides co ln an he t rejection to maintain thermal

eq i brium within the f uel cel p wer s stem, an may provide f or the recovery of ex es

he t an as ist in he tin the p wer train d rin startup

– Water tre tment s stem: Provides the tre tment an purif i ation of recovered or ad ed

water f or u e within the f uel cel p wer s stems

– Power con itionin s stem: Eq ipment whic is u ed to ada t the electrical energ

prod ced to the req irements as sp cif ied by the man f acturer

– Automatic control s stem: The as embly of sen ors, actuators, valves, switc es an logic

comp nents that maintain the f uel cel p wer s stem p rameters within the

man f acturer’s sp cif ied l mits without man al intervention

– Ventiation s stem: Provides, by mec anical me n , air to a f uel cel p wer s stem’s

ca inet

– Fuel cel mod le: As embly of one or more f uel cel stac s, electrical con ection f or the

p wer del vered by the stac s, an me n for monitorin an /or control

– Fuel cel stac : As embly of cel s, se arators, co l n plates, manifold an a s p ortin

stru ture that electroc emical y coverts, typical y, h drogen ric gas an air re ctants to

d.c p wer, he t, water an other byprod cts

– Onb ard energ storage: Internal energ source inten ed to aid or complement the f uel

cel mod le in providin p wer to internal or external lo d

This stan ard is a plcable to stationary f uel cel p wer s stems inten ed f or in o r an

outdo r commercial, in u trial an residential u e in non-hazardou (u clas if ied) are s

This stan ard contemplates al sig if i ant hazard , hazardou situation an events, with the

ex e tion of those as ociated with en ironmental comp tibi ty (in talation con ition ),

relevant to f uel cel p wer s stems, when they are u ed as inten ed an u der the con ition

f orese n by the man f acturer

This stan ard de ls with con ition that can yield hazard on the one han to p rson an on

the other to damage outside the f uel cel s stem only Protection again t damage to the f uel

cel s stem internals is not ad res ed in this stan ard, provided it do s not le d to hazard

outside the fuel cel s stem

The req irements of this stan ard are not inten ed to con train in ovation When con iderin

f uels, materials, desig s or con tru tion not sp cif i al y de lt with in this stan ard, these

alternatives s al b evaluated as to their a i ty to yield levels of saf ety an p rf orman e

eq ivalent to those pres rib d by this stan ard

2 Normative ref erences

The f ol owin ref eren ed doc ments are in isp n a le f or the a pl cation of this doc ment

For dated ref eren es, only the edition cited a ples F r u dated ref eren es, the latest edition

of the ref eren ed doc ment (in lu in an amen ments) a pl es

IEC 6 0 9-0, Electric l a p ratus for ex plosiv g s atmo p ere – P art 0: Ge eral

IEC 6 0 9-16, Ele tric l a p ratus for ex plosiv g s atmo p ere – P art 16: Artificial

v ntilatio for the prote tio of a alyz rs) h u e

IEC 6 0 9-2 , Electric l a p ratus for explo iv g s atmo p ere – P art 2 : Data for

flamma le g s s a d v p urs, relatin to th u e of electric l a p ratu

IEC 6 2 4-1, Safety of ma hin ry – Electric l e uipme t of ma hin s – P art 1: Ge eral

re uireme ts

IEC 6 3 0-3-9, De e dability ma a eme t – P art 3: Ap li atio g ide – Se tio 9: Ris

a alysis ofte h ologic l s stems

IEC 6 3 5-1, H ou e old a d simil r electric l a p a c s – Safety – P art 1: Ge eral

re uireme ts

IEC 6 3 5-2-51, H ou e old a d similar electric l a p a c s – Safety – P art 2-51: P artic lar

re uireme ts for station ry circ latio p mp for h atin a d s rvic water in tallatio s

IEC 6 3 4-14, Fix ed c p citors for u e in electro ic e uipme t – P art 14: Se tio al

s e ific tio : Fix ed c p citors for electroma n tic interere c s p re sio a d c n e tio to

the s p ly mains

IEC 6 417, Gra hic l s mb ls for u e o e uipme t

IEC 6 5 9, De re s of prote tio pro id ed b e clos re (I P Code)

IEC 6 7 0-1, Automatic ele tric l c ntrols for h u e old a d simiar u e – P art 1: Ge eral

re uireme ts

IEC 6 7 0-2-5, Automatic ele tric l c ntrols for h u e old a d similar u e – P art 2-5:

P artic lar re uireme ts for a tomatic electric l b rn r c ntrol s stems

IEC 6 7 0-2-6, Automatic ele tric l c ntrols for h u e old a d similar u e – P art 2-6:

P artic lar re uireme ts for a tomatic electric l pre s re s n in c ntrols in ludin

me h nic l re uireme ts

IEC 6 7 0-2-9, Automatic ele tric l c ntrols for h u e old a d similar u e – P art 2-9:

P artic lar re uireme ts for temp rature s n ing c ntrols

IEC 6 7 0-2-17, Automatic electric l c ntrols for h u e old a d simiar u e – P art 2-17 :

P artic lar re uireme ts for electric lly o erated g s v lve , in ludin me h nic l

re uireme ts

IEC 6 7 0-2-19, Automatic electric l c ntrols for h u e old a d simiar u e – P art 2-19:

P artic lar re uireme ts for ele tric ll o erated o v lve , in lud in me h nic l re uireme ts

IEC 6 812, An lysis tec niq e for s stem rela i ty – P ro edure for faiure mode a d efe ts

a alysis (FM EA)

IEC 6 9 0-1:2 0 , I nformatio tec n lo y e uipme t – Safety – P art 1: Ge eral re uireme ts

IEC 610 0-3-2, Electroma n tic c mp tibility (EM C) – P art 3-2: Limits – Limits for h rmo ic

c re ts emis io s (e uipme t inp t c re t ≤16 A p r p a e)

IEC 610 0-3-3, Electroma n tic c mp tibility (EMC) – P art 3-3: Limits – Limitatio of v ltag

c a g s, v ltag fluctuatio s a d fli k r in p b c low-v ltag s p ly s stems for e uipme t

with rated c re t ≤16 A p r p a e a d n t s bje t to c nditio al c n e tio

IEC 610 0-3-4, Electroma n tic c mp tibility (EMC) – P art 3-4: Limits – Limitatio of

emis io ofh rmo ic c re ts in low-v ltag p wer s p ly s stems for e uipme t with rated

c re t gre ter tha 16 A

IEC 610 0-3-5, Electroma n tic c mp tibility (EMC) – P art 3-5: Limits – Limitatio of v ltag

c a g s, v ltag fluctuatio s a d fli k r in low-v ltag s p ly s stems for e uipme t with

rated c re t gre ter tha 16 A

IEC 610 0-6-1, Electroma n tic c mp tibility (EMC) – P art 6-1: Ge eric standards –

I mmu ity for re ide tial, c mmercial a d light-industrial e viro me ts

IEC 610 0-6-2, Electroma n tic c mp tibility (EMC) – P art 6-2: Ge eric standards –

Immu ity for ind ustrial e viro me ts

IEC 610 0-6-3, Electroma n tic c mp tibility (EMC) – P art 6-3: Ge eric standards –

Emissio standard for re id ential, c mmercial a d li htindustrial e viro me ts

IEC 610 0-6-4, Electroma n tic c mp tibility (EMC) – P art 6-4: Ge eric standards –

Emis io standard for ind ustrial e viro me ts

IEC 610 5, Fault tre a aly is (FTA)

IEC 615 8 (al p rts), Fun tio al s fety of electric l/electro ic/pro ramma le electro ic

s fety-related s stems

IEC 6151 -1, Fun tio al s fety – Safety in trume ted s stems for the pro e s industry s ctor

– P art 1: Framework, definitio s, s stem, h rdware a d s ftware re uireme ts

IEC 6151 -3, Fun tio al s fety – Safety in trume ted s stems for the pro e s industry s ctor

– P art 3: Guid an e for th determin tio of th re uired s fety inte rity lev ls

IEC 617 9-4, Electric l a p ratus for the d ete tio a d me s reme t of flamma le g s s –

P art 4: P erorma c re uireme ts for gro p I I a p ratus ind ic tin u to 10 % lower

ex plosiv limit

IEC 617 9-6, Electric l a p ratus for the d ete tio a d me s reme t of flamma le g s s –

P art 6: Guid e for the s lectio , installatio , u e a d mainten n e of a p ratu for the

d etectio a d me s reme t offlamma le g s s

IEC 618 2, H az rd a d o era ility studie (H AZ OP studie ) – Ap li atio g ide

IEC 6 0 6-1, Electric l a p ratu for explosiv g s atmo p ere – Ele tric l re istan e tra e

h atin – P art 1: Ge eral a d te tin re uireme ts

IEC 6 2 2-2, Fuel c ll tec n logie – P art 2: Fu l c ll module

IEC 6 2 2-3-2, Fu l c ll tec n logie – P art 3-2: Statio ary fu l c ll p wer s stems –

P erorma c test methods

IEC Guide 10 :19 7, Th pre aratio of s fety p b c tio s a d the u e of b sic s fety

p b c tio s a d gro p s fety p b c tio s

ISO 3 6 -2:2 0 , Gra hic l s mb ls – Safety c lours a d s fety sig s – P art 2: De ig

prin iples for prod uct s fety lab ls

ISO 4 13, H yd ra li fluid p wer – Ge eral rule relatin to s stems

ISO 4 14, P ne matic fluid p wer – Ge eral rules relatin to s stems

ISO 5 8 , Statio ary air c mpre s rs – Safety rule a d c de of pra tic

ISO 7 0 , Gra hic l s mb ls for u e o e uipme t – I nd ex a d s n p is

ISO 10 3 , P etroleum, c emic l a d g s s rvic industrie – Ce trifu al c mpre s rs

ISO 10 4 -1, P etroleum a d n tural g s industrie – Rotary-typ p sitiv -dis lac me t

c mpre s rs – P art 1: P ro e s c mpre s rs (oil-fe )

ISO 10 4 -2, P etroleum a d n tural g s industrie – Rotary-typ p sitiv -dis lac me t

c mpre s rs – P art 2: P ac a ed air c mpre s rs (oil-fe )

ISO 10 4 , P etroleum, c emic l a d g s s rvic industrie – P ac a ed , integra y g ared

c ntrifu al air c mpre s rs

ISO 13 31, P etroleum a d n tural g s industrie – P ac a ed re ipro atin g s c mpre s rs

ISO 13 0 , P etroleum a d n tural g s industrie – Re ipro atin c mpre s rs

ISO 13 0 , Ce trifu al p mp for p troleum, p tro h mic l a d n tural g s industrie

ISO 13 5 , Safety ofma hin ry – Emerg n y sto – P rin iples for de ig

ISO 14121, Safety ofma hin ry – P rin iple of ris a s s me t

ISO 14 4 , Rotary p sitiv dis lac me t p mp – Te h ical re uireme ts

ISO 15 4 , P etroleum a d n tural g s industrie – P ipin

ISO/TR 15 16, Ba ic c n id eratio s for the s fety ofh dro e s stems

ISO/TS 16 2 , Boilers a d pre s re v s els – Re istratio of c des a d standards to

promote intern tio al re o nition

ISO/IEC Guide 7:19 4, Guideln s for draftin of sta dards s itable for u e for c nformity

b) the me n of ac es is del b rately provided to the o erator;

c) the o erator is in tru ted to enter regardles of whether or not a to l is ne ded to gain

ac es

NOT Th terms "a c s " a d "a c s ible", u le s q alf i d, relate to o erator a c s are a d f i e a o e

3.2

circ it, e tra low volta e (ELV)

secon ary circ it with voltages b twe n an two con u tors of the circ it, an b twe n an

one s c con u tor an e rth not ex e din 4 ,4 V p ak, or 6 V d.c u der normal

o eratin con ition , whic is se arated f rom hazardou voltage by b sic in ulation, an

whic neither me ts al of the req irements f or an SELV circ it nor me ts al of the

req irements for a l mited c r ent circ it

[IEC 6 9 0]

3.3

circ it, l mite c r e t

circ it whic is so desig ed an protected that, u der b th normal o eratin con ition an

sin le-fault con ition , the c r ent whic can b drawn is not hazardou

[IEC 6 9 0]

3.4

circ it, primary

circ it whic is directly con ected to the a.c main s p ly It in lu es, f or example, the

me n f or con ection to the a.c main s p ly, the primary win in s of tran formers, motors

an other lo din devices

[IEC 6 9 0]

3.5

circ it, s f ety-control

circ it or p rtion there f in olvin one or more saf ety controls in whic f ai ure d e to

grou din , o enin or s ortin of an p rt of the circ it can cau e u safe o eration of the

control ed eq ipment

3.6

circ it, s f ety e tra low volta e (SELV)

secon ary circ it whic is so desig ed an protected that u der normal o eratin con ition

an sin le-fault con ition , its voltages do not ex e d a saf e value

[IEC 6 9 0]

3.7

circ it, s condary

circ it whic has no direct connection to a primary circ it an derives its p wer f rom a

tran former, con erter or eq ivalent isolation device, or from a b t ery

[IEC 6 9 0]

3.8

circ it, tele ommunic tions network volta e (TNV)

circ it whic is in the eq ipment an to whic the ac es ible are of contact is l mited an

that is so desig ed an protected that, u der normal o eratin con ition an sin le-fault

con ition , the voltages do not ex e d sp cif ied l mit values

b) providin a me n of con ection to the protective e rthin con u tor in the buidin wirin

to those con u tive p rts that are otherwise ca a le of as umin hazardou voltages if

the b sic in ulation fai s

NOT Cla s I e uipme t ma h v p rts with d u le in ulatio or reinforc d in ulatio

3.10

de ign pre s re

pres ure u ed in the desig of a comp nent together with the coin ident desig material

temp rature, f or the purp se of determinin the minimum p rmis ible thic nes or ph sical

general term in lu in material, f itin s, devices a plan es, f i tures, a p ratu and the l ke

u ed as p rt o or in con ection with, an electrical in tal ation

3.15

f lame f ai ure loc -out time

3.16

f uel c l

electroc emical device that con erts the c emical energ of a f uel, s c as h drogen or

h drogen ric gases, alcohols, h drocarb n an oxidants to DC p wer, he t an other

re ction prod cts

3.17

ga v nt

p s ageway, comp sed of l sted f actory-bui t comp nents as embled in ac ordan e with the

terms of l stin , f or con eyin fl e gases from gas uti zation eq ipment or their vent

con ectors to the outside atmosphere (se also 3.5 )

ignition, a tomatic

ig ition of gas at the burner when the gas control n device is turned on, in lu in re-ig ition

if the f lames on the burner have b en extin uis ed by me n other than by the closin of the

gas-control n device

ignition s stem, a tomatic

s stem desig ed to ig ite an reig ite a main burner Su h s stems

a) prove the presen e of either the ig ition source or main burner f lame, or b th;

b) automatical y ig ite gas at the main burner or at the pi ot burner so that the pi ot can ig ite

the main burner;

c) automatical y act to s ut of f the gas s p ly to the main burner or to the pi ot burner an

main burner, when the s p rvised f lame or ig ition source is not proved

3.2

ig ition s stem timing

a) f lame-e tabl s ing period

p riod of time b twe n initiation of gas f low an pro f of the s p rvised f lame or b twe n

the pro f of s p rvised f lame an initiation of gas f low This may b a pl ca le to pro f of

the ig ition source or main burner f lame, or b th;

b) ignition a tiv tion period

p riod of time b twe n energizin the main gas valve an de ctivation of the ig ition

me n prior to the loc out time;

c) loc out time

p riod of time b twe n the initiation of gas f low an the action to s ut of f the gas f low in

the event of f ai ure to esta l s pro f of the s p rvised ig ition source or the s p rvised

main burner f lame Reinitiatin the l g tin seq en e req ires a man al o eration;

p riod of time b twe n s utof f of the gas s p ly f ol owin los of the s p rvised ig ition

source or the s p rvised main burner f lame an re ctivation of the ig ition source

sin le in ulation s stem whic provides a degre of protection again t electric s oc

eq ivalent to double in ulation u der the con ition sp cif ied in this stan ard

NOT 1 Fu ctio al in ulatio b d finitio d e n t prote t a ain t ele tric s o k It ma , h we er, re u e th

lk lh o of ig itio a d fire

NOT 2 Th term "in ulatio s stem" d e n t imply th t th in ulatio s o ld b in o e h mo e o s pie e It

ma c mpris s v ral la ers whic c n ot b te te a s p leme tary in ulatio or b sic in talatio

3.2

interloc

control to prove the ph sical state of a req ired con ition an to f urnis that pro f to the

saf ety s utof f device circ it

3.2

joints

p ints of con ection b twe n he t tran f er s rf aces, b twe n p sitive an negative pres ure

zones within comp nents of the f uel cel p wer s stem, an b twe n fuel cel p wer s stem

comp nents

3.2

label e

eq ipment or materials to whic has b en atac ed a la el, s mb l or other identif yin mark

of an organization ac e ta le to the authority havin juris iction an con erned with prod ct

evaluation that maintain p riodic in p ction of prod ction of la el ed eq ipment or materials

an by whose la el n the man f acturer in icates compl an e with a pro riate stan ard or

p rforman e in a sp cif ied man er

3.2

l mite c r e t circ it

se 3.3

l ste

eq ipment or materials in lu ed in a lst publ s ed by a national y recog ized testin

la oratory, in p ction agen y, or other organization con erned with prod ct evaluation that

maintain p riodic in p ction of prod ction of lsted eq ipment or materials, whose lstin

states either that the eq ipment or material me ts national y recog ized stan ard or has

b en tested an f ou d s ita le f or u e in a sp cif ied man er

3.3

loa , normal

maximum lo d that is con ected to the main f or s stems that uti ze an external main p wer

source to idle, start, or maintain o eration of the p wer s stem

3.31

loc -out time, f lame f ai ure

p riod of time b twe n the sig al in icatin a sen e of f lame an loc -out

3.3

main burner

device or group of devices es ential y f ormin an integral u it f or the f i al con eyan e of gas

or a mixture of gas an air to the combu tion zone, an on whic combu tion takes place to

ac ompl s the fun tion f or whic the eq ipment is desig ed

a) combustible

when p rtainin to materials adjacent to, or in contact with, he t-prod cin a pl an es,

vent con ectors, gas vents, ste m an hot water pip s, an warm air d cts, those

materials made of or s rf aced with wo d, compres ed p p r, plant f ibres, or other

materials that are ca a le of b in ig ited an burned Su h materials s al b con idered

combu tible even thou h f lame-pro f ed, f ire- etardant tre ted, or plastered

b) non-combu tible

f or the purp ses of this stan ard, materials whic are not ca a le of b in ig ited an

burned, s c as materials con istin o or a combination o ste l, iron, bric , ti e,

con rete, slate, asb stos, glas an plaster

normal operatin con itions

o eration of the fuel cel p wer s stem u der normal con ition , in p rtic lar:

– nominal (rated) p wer output with resp ct to voltage an c r ent;

– nominal thermal energ output with resp ct to temp rature an co l n media f low (if

a pl ca le);

– nominal temp rature ran e of the al s bs stems of the fuel cel p wer s stem;

– nominal f uel comp sition;

– nominal f lows of anode an cathode media;

– nominal pres ure ran es in al f l id within the p wer s stem;

– c an e of p wer output (electrical an thermal) within the nominal ran es def i ed in the

man f acturer’s sp cif i ation;

u les otherwise stated, the entire fuel cel s stem is o erated within 2 % of the rated input

voltage an f req en y an within 5 % of the rated f uel con umption when o erated at rated

output con ition , as sp cif ied by the man f acturer Toleran es f or the other values s ould b

sp cif ied by the man f acturer

NOT De iatio s fom th s n min l o eratin c n itio s are d f i e a a n rmal o eratin c n itio s

3.3

operating pre s re, ma imum (MOP)

hig est gau e pres ure of a comp nent or s stem that is exp cted d rin normal o eration

in lu in starts, sto s an tran ients

3.4

pa siv state

state f or the f uel cel p wer s stem internal comp nents normal y entered when the f uel cel

p wer s stem is purged with ste m, air or nitrogen, or ac ordin to the man f acturer's

in tru tion when the f uel cel p wer s stem is turned of f , or prior to when the f uel cel p wer

pi ot that burn without turn own throu hout the entire time the burner is in service,

whether the main burner is f irin or not;

b) e pa ding

contin ou pi ot that is automatical y exp n ed so as to rela ly ig ite the main burner

This pi ot may b turned down at the en of the main burner f lame-esta l s in p riod;

c) intermit e t

pi ot whic is automatical y l g ted e c time there is a sig al f or initial zation It burn

d rin the entire p riod that the main burner is f irin ;

d) inter upte

pi ot whic is automatical y l g ted e c time there is a sig al f or initial zation The pi ot

f uel is c t off automatical y at the en of the main burner f lame-esta l s in p riod;

plu gable e uipme t type A

eq ipment whic is inten ed f or con ection to the bui din in tal ation wirin via a non

-in u trial plu an soc et-outlet or a non-in u trial a pl an e coupler, or b th

p c aged, self-contained, automatical y o erated as embly of integrated s stems for

generatin u ef ul electrical energ an recovera le thermal energ

ves el within whic f uel gas an other gase u rec cle stre m(s) (if present are re cted with

water va our an he t, u ual y in the presen e of a cataly t, to prod ce h drogen ric gas f or

u e within the f uel cel p wer s stem

3.4

re ulator, draf t

device whic f un tion to maintain a desired draf t in the eq ipment by automatical y red cin

the draf t to the desired value

ratio of the weig t or mas of a given volume of a s bstan e to that of an eq al volume of

another s bstan e (air f or gases, water f or l q id an sol d ) u ed as a stan ard, b th

me s red u der the same con ition

3.5

stop

f i ed p int on a control, s c as a temp rature l mit control, whic prevents the adju tment of

the control b yon the sto p int

3.5

th rmal e ui brium conditions

sta le temp rature con ition in icated by temp rature c an es of no more than 3 K (5

v nt

p s ageway or con uit for con eyin prod cts of combu tion f rom gas uti zation eq ipment,

or their vent con ectors, to the outside atmosphere

3.5

v nt con e tor

that p rtion of the ventin s stem whic con ects the f l e outlet of gas uti zation eq ipment

to the gas vent or sin le-wal metal pip

3.5

v nt ga e

prod cts of combu tion f rom gas uti zation eq ipment plu ex es air, plu di ution air in the

ventin s stem a ove the draf t reg lator or simi ar device

gas vent or sin le-wal metal pip , an vent con ector if u ed, as embled to f orm a

contin ou o en p s ageway f rom the f l e col ar of gas uti zation eq ipment to the outside

atmosphere f or the purp se of removin vent gases

3.6

volta e, hazardous

voltage ex e din 4 ,4 V p ak or 60 V d.c existin in a circ it whic do s not me t the

req irements f or either a l mited c r ent circ it or a TNV circ it

[IEC 6 9 0]

3.6

working pre s re, ma imum al owable (MAWP)

hig est gau e pres ure of the workin fl id (gas or l q id) to whic the proces eq ipment or

s stem is rated with con ideration f or initiatin f ault management a ove normal o eration

NOT A margin is u u ly pro id d b twe n th MOP a d s t-p ints of pre s re relef d vic s whic are s t at,

or b low, th MAWP

4 Saf ety requirements and protectiv me sures

4.1 Ge eral s f ety strate y

The man facturer s al en ure that

– al f orese a le hazard , hazardou situation an events as ociated with the f uel cel

p wer s stems throu hout their anticip ted l f etime have b en identif ied;

– the ris for e c of these hazard has b en estimated from the combination of pro a i ty

of oc ur en e of the hazard an of its f orese a le severity ac ordin to ISO 14121,

IEC 618 2, IEC 6 3 0-3-9, or IEC 6151 -3 as a pl ca le, or eq ivalent;

– the two factors whic determine e c one of the estimated ris s (pro a i ty an severity)

have b en el minated or red ced as f ar as p s ible d rin the desig in lu in re sona ly

f orese a le mis se (in erently saf e desig an con tru tion);

– the neces ary protection me s res in relation to ris s that are not or can ot b el minated

have b en taken (provision of warnin an saf ety devices);

– u ers are inf ormed of an ad itional saf ety me s res that they may b req ired to

implement

Based on the q antity of f uel an other stored energ (for example, f lamma le materials,

pres urized media, electrical energ , mec anical energ , etc.) in the f uel cel s stems, there

is a ne d to elminate p tential hazard The general saf ety strateg f or the f uel cel s stems

s al b esta l s ed ac ordin to the f ol owin seq en e:

– el minate hazard to outside the f uel cel s stem, when s c energ is rele sed ne rly

in tantane u ly; or

– p s ively control (for example, burst dis s, rele se valves, thermal c t-of f devices) s c

f orms of energ to en ure a rele se without en an erin the ambient; or

– actively control s c f orms of energ (f or example, by electronic control eq ipment

in lu ed in the fuel cel s stem, whic enf orces adeq ate cou terme s res b sed on the

evaluation of sen or sig als) In this case, the remainin ris d e to f ai ures in s c

control eq ipment s al b in estigated in detai Guidan e f or saf ety critical comp nents

can b f ou d in IEC 615 8; or

– provide a pro riate saf ety markin s, con ernin the remainin ris s of hazard

Usin the tec niq es des rib d a ove, sp cial care s al b taken to ad res the hazard

l sted in An ex A

4.1.2 The man facturer s al demon trate that the neces ary protection me s res in

relation to ris s that are not el minated have b en taken by p rf ormin a saf ety an rela i ty

analy is whic is inten ed to identif y f ai ures that have sig if i ant con eq en es af f ectin the

saf ety of the s stem

The rel a i ty analy is s al b p rformed in ac ordan e with IEC 6 812, IEC 610 5, or

eq ivalent

4.1.3 Be a iour at normal a d abnormal operating conditions

The f uel cel s stem s al b man f actured in s c a way that it with tan s al normal

o eratin con ition as defi ed by the man f acturer’s sp cif i ation without an damage In

case of f orese a le a normal o eratin con ition , the f uel cel s stem s al b man f actured

an desig ed takin into con ideration 4.1

4.2 Phy ic l e vironme t a d o eratin conditions

The f uel cel p wer s stem an protective s stems s al b so desig ed an con tru ted as to

b ca a le of p rformin their inten ed f un tion in the ph sical en ironment an o eratin

con ition sp cif ied in 4.2.2 to 4.2.8

4.2.2 Ele tric l power input

The f uel cel p wer s stem s al b desig ed to o erate cor ectly with the con ition of

electrical p wer input sp cif ied in IEC 6 2 4-1 or as otherwise sp cif ied by the man f acturer

4.2.3 Phy ic l e vironme t

The man f acturer s al sp cif y the ph sical en ironment con ition f or whic the f uel cel

p wer s stem is s ita le Con ideration s ould b given to

– in o r/outdo r u e;

– the altitu e a ove se -level up to whic the f uel cel p wer s stem s al b ca a le of

o eratin cor ectly;

– the ran e of air temp ratures an h midity within whic the f uel cel p wer s stem s al

b ca a le of o eratin cor ectly;

– the seismic zone where it may b sited

4.2.4 F el input

The f uel cel p wer s stem s ould b desig ed to o erate cor ectly with the comp sition l mits

an s p ly c aracteristic of the f uels f or whic its desig is inten ed (f or example, pip l ne

natural gas) In the u er’s man al, the man f acturer s al sp cif y the comp sition l mits an

s p ly c aracteristic of the f uels to b u ed in the f uel cel p wer s stem

4.2.5 Water input

The q al ty an s p ly c aracteristic of the water to b u ed in the f uel cel p wer s stems

s al b sp cif ied by the man f acturer

4.2.6 Vibration, s oc a d bump

The u desira le ef f ects of vibration, s oc an bump (in lu in those generated by the

mac ine an its as ociated eq ipment an those cre ted by the ph sical en ironment s al

b avoided by the selection of s ita le equipment, by mou tin it away f rom the f uel cel

p wer s stem, or by the u e of anti-vibration mou tin s This do s not in lu e the ef f ects of

seismic s oc , whic s al b ad res ed se arately if the man f acturer de ms it a pro riate

f or its prod ct (se 4.2.3)

4.2.7 Ha dl ng, tra sportation, a d stora e

The f uel cel p wer s stem s al b desig ed to with tan , or s ita le precaution s al b

taken to protect again t, the ef f ects of tran p rtation an storage temp ratures within a ran e

of – 5 °C to +5 °C an f or s ort p riod not ex e din 2 h at up to + 0 °C Alternative

temp rature ran es may b sp cif ied by the man f acturer

The f uel cel p wer s stem or e c comp nent p rt there f s al

– b ca a le of b in han led an tran p rted saf ely, when neces ary, b provided with

s ita le me n f or han l n by cranes or simi ar eq ipment;

– b p c aged or desig ed so that it can b stored saf ely an without damage (for example,

adeq ate sta i ty, sp cial s p orts, etc.)

The man facturer s al sp cif y sp cial me n f or han l n , tran p rtation an storage if

req ired

4.2.8 Sy tem purging

Me n s al b provided in f uel cel s stems to purge where f or saf ety re son a p s ive

state is req ired after s utdown or prior to startup, as sp cif ied by the man f acturer A

s ita le purge s stem uti zin a medium sp cified by the man f acturer s c as, but not

l mited to, nitrogen, air or ste m in a non-hazardou situation within the inten ed u e may b

u ed

4.3 Sele tion of materials

Al materials s al b s ita le for the inten ed purp se

4.3.1 When materials u ed to con tru t the f uel cel p wer s stem are k own to p se

hazard u der certain circ mstan es, the man f acturer s al implement the me s res an

provide the inf ormation neces ary to s f ficiently minimize the ris of en an erin p rson ’

saf ety or he lth

4.3.2 Asb stos or asb stos-containin material(s) s al not b u ed in the con tru tion

of a f uel cel p wer s stem

4.3.3 Metal c an non-metal c materials u ed to con tru t internal or external p rts of

the f uel cel p wer s stem, in p rtic lar those exp sed directly or in irectly to moisture or that

contain proces gas or l q id stre ms as wel as al p rts an materials u ed to se l or

intercon ect the same, f or example, weldin con uma les, s al b s ita le f or al ph sical,

c emical an thermal con ition whic are re sona ly f orese a le within the s hed led

l f etime of the eq ipment an for al test con ition ; in p rtic lar,

– they s al retain their mec anical sta i ty with resp ct to stren th (f atig e pro erties,

en uran e l mit, cre p stren th) when exp sed to the f ul ran e of service con ition an

l f etime as sp cif ied by the man f acturer;

– they s al b s f ficiently resistant to the c emical an ph sical action of the f l id that

they contain an to en ironmental degradation; the c emical an ph sical pro erties

neces ary f or o erational saf ety s al not b sig if i antly af f ected within the s hed led

l f etime of the eq ipment u les re lacement is f orese n; sp cif i al y, when selectin

materials an man f acturin method , d e ac ou t s al b taken of the material s

cor osion an we r resistan e, electrical con u tivity, imp ct stren th, agin resistan e,

the ef fects of temp rature variation , the ef fects arisin when materials are put together

(for example, galvanic cor osion), the ef fects of ultraviolet radiation, an to the

degradation ef f ects of h drogen on the mec anical p rf orman e of a material Guidan e to

ac ou t f or the degradation ef f ects of h drogen on the mec anical p rforman e of a

material can b fou d in ISO/TR 15 16 an An ex B

4.3.4 Where con ition of erosion, a rasion, cor osion or other c emical atac may

arise, adeq ate me s res s al b taken to

– minimize that ef f ect by a pro riate desig , f or example, ad itional thic nes , or by

a pro riate protection, for example, u e of lners, clad in materials or s rface co tin s,

takin d e ac ou t of the inten ed an re sona ly f orese a le u e;

– p rmit re lacement of p rts whic are most af fected;

– draw atention, in the in tru tion ref er ed to in 7.4.5, to the typ an f req en y of

in p ction an maintenan e me s res neces ary f or contin ed saf e u e; where

a pro riate, it s al b in icated whic p rts are s bject to we r an the criteria f or

re lacement

4.4 Ge eral re uireme ts

4.4.1 In so f ar as their purp se al ows, ac es ible p rts of the f uel cel p wer s stem

s al have no s arp ed es, no s arp an les, an no rou h s rfaces l kely to cau e injury

4.4.2 The f uel cel p wer s stem or p rts of it where p rson are l a le to move a out or

stan s al b desig ed an con tru ted to prevent p rson sl p in , trip in or f al n on or

of f these p rts

4.4.3 The f uel cel p wer s stem, comp nents an f it in s there f s al b so desig ed

an con tru ted that they are sta le enou h, u der the forese n o eratin con ition (if

neces ary takin cl matic con ition into ac ou t f or u e without ris of overturnin , f al n or

u exp cted movement Otherwise, a pro riate me n of an horage s al b in orp rated an

in icated in the in tru tion

4.4.4 The movin p rts of the f uel cel p wer s stem s al b desig ed, bui t an laid out

to avoid hazard or, where hazard p rsist, f i ed with g ard or protective devices in s c a

way as to prevent al ris of contact whic could le d to ac idents

4.4.5 The variou p rts of the f uel cel p wer s stem an their l n ages s al b so

con tru ted that, when u ed normaly, no in ta i ty, distortion, bre kage or we r l kely to

imp ir their saf ety can oc ur

4.4.6 The f uel cel p wer s stem s al b so desig ed, con tru ted an /or eq ip ed that

ris s d e to gases, l q id , d st, or va ors rele sed d rin the o eration or maintenan e of a

f uel cel p wer s stem, or u ed in its con tru tion can b avoided

4.4.7 Al p rts s al b sec rely mou ted or at ac ed an rigidly s p orted The u e of

s oc -mou ts is p rmit ed when s ita le f or the a pl cation

4.4.8 Al saf ety s utdown s stem comp nents whose f ai ure may res lt in a hazardou

event, as identif ied by the rela i ty/saf ety analy is noted in 4.9.1, s al b recog ized,

certif ied or se arately tested for their inten ed u age

4.4.9 Ris of injury cau ed by contact with, or proximity to, external s rf aces of the

a pl an e en los re, han les, grips, or k o s at hig temp ratures

a) The man facturer s al take ste s to el minate an ris of injury cau ed by contact with, or

proximity to, external s rfaces of the f uel cel p wer s stem en los re, han le, grips, or

k o s at hig temp ratures

If external s rf aces of the f uel cel power s stem’s en los re, han les, grips, k o s, or

simiar p rts may b contacted by u ers without p rsonal protective eq ipment whi e the

f uel cel s stem is in o eration, the man f acturer s al either l mit the temp rature of these

s rf aces ac ordin to Ta le 1 or the man f acturer s al f i g ard or protective devices in

s c a way as to prevent ris of contact that could le d to ac idents

Table 1 – Al owable s rf ac temperature

Maximum s rf ace temp rature rises a ove ambient of external s rfaces that may b

contacted d rin o eration by p o le without p rsonal protective eq ipment The a ove

values are ref eren ed in Ta le 3 of IEC 6 3 5-1

b) The temp ratures on wal s, f lo r an cei n adjacent to a stationary f uel cel p wer

s stem s al not ex e d 5

o

C a ove ambient temp rature u der the test con ition of

5.13 )

4.4.10 The f uel cel p wer s stem s al b so desig ed an con tru ted that the emis ion

of airb rne noise is red ced to a level s ited f or the inten ed u e or location in compl an e

with a plca le regional or national airb rne noise codes an stan ard

4.4.1 The f uel cel p wer s stem ex au t to atmosphere, u der normal ste d -state

o eratin con ition , s al not contain con entration of carb n monoxide in ex es of

3 0 p m in an air fre sample of the ef f luents, whic is a sample that has its ef f luent CO

con entration mathematical y cor ected as thou h there was zero p r cent ex es air

4.4.12 Where explosive, f lamma le, or toxic f l id are contained in the pipin , a pro riate

precaution s al b taken in the desig an markin of sampl n an take-of f p ints

4.4.13 The maximum temp ratures of comp nents an materials, as in tal ed in the f uel

cel p wer s stem, s al not ex e d their temp rature ratin s

4.4.14 The man facturer s al give con ideration to the s ita i ty of the f uel cel p wer

s stem to o erate where contaminants (f or example, d st, salt, smoke, an cor osive gases)

are present in the ph sical en ironment

4.4.15 The f uel cel p wer s stem en los re s al b desig ed to saf ely contain an

anticip ted hazardou l q id le k (se 4.5.2f) f or l q id f uel) The containment me n s al

have a ca acity of 1 0 % of the maximum volume of f l id anticip ted to le k

4.5 Pre s re e uipme t a d piping

4.5.1 Pre s re e uipme t

Pres urized ves els, s c as re ctors, he t ex han ers, gas-f ired tub he ters an b i ers,

electric b iers, co lers, ac umulators an simi ar containers, an as ociated pres ure rel ef

mec anisms, s c as rel ef valves an simi ar devices, s al b con tru ted an marked in

ac ordan e with a pl ca le regional or national pres ure eq ipment codes an stan ard

ISO 16 2 provides inf ormation con ernin pres ure eq ipment stan ard

Ves els that, in ac ordan e with the a pl ca le regional or national pres ure eq ipment codes

an stan ard , do not q al f y as “pres ure ves els”, s c as tan s an simi ar containers,

s al b con tru ted of s ita le materials in ac ordan e with 4.3 an s al me t the a pl ca le

req irements of 4.4 Su h ves els, an their related joints an f itin s, s al b desig ed an

con tru ted with adeq ate stren th f or f un tional ty an le kage resistan e to prevent

u inten ed rele ses

4.5.2 Pipin s stems

Pipin an its as ociated joints an f it in s s al conform to the a plca le section of

ISO 15 4

Pipin s stems desig ed f or internal gau e pres ure at or a ove zero but les than 10 kPa,

han ln f l id that are non-f lamma le, non-toxic an not damagin to h man tis ue an

havin a desig temp rature f rom − 9 °C throu h 18 °C are not in lu ed in the s o e of

ISO 15 4 Pipin s stems u der these con ition s al b con tru ted of s ita le materials

in ac ordan e with 4.3 an s al me t the a pl ca le req irements of 4.4 Su h pip s, an

their related joints an f itin s, s al b desig ed an con tru ted with adeq ate stren th f or

f un tional ty an le kage resistan e to prevent u inten ed rele ses

The desig an con tru tion of b th rigid an f lexible pip s an f itin s s al con ider the

f olowin asp cts

a) Materials s al me t the req irements sp cif ied in 4.3

b) The internal s rfaces of pipin s al b thorou hly cle ned to remove lo se p rticles, an

the en s of pipin s al b caref ul y re med to remove o stru tion an bur s

c) If f l id con en ate or sediment ac umulation in ide gase u f l id pipin could cau e

damage f rom water hammer, vac um col a se, cor osion an u control ed c emical

re ction d rin startup, s utdown an /or u e, the man facturer s al provide me n f or

drainage an removal of de osits f rom low are s an f or ac es d rin cle nin ,

in p ction an maintenan e In p rtic lar, the man f acturer s al take me s res to en ure

again t sediment or con en ate ac umulation in f uel gas controls Sediment tra s or

f ilters s al b in tal ed or adeq ate g idel nes s al b provided in the prod ct’s tec nical

doc mentation

d) The man f acturer s al take me s res to en ure again t sediment ac umulation in l q id

f uel controls Sediment tra s or f ilters s al b in tal ed or adeq ate g idel nes s al b

provided in the tec nical doc mentation of the prod ct

e) Non-metal c pipin u ed to con ey combu tible gases s al b protected again t the

p s ibi ty of overhe tin Me s res as req ired by the saf ety an rel a i ty analy is

sp cif ied in 4.1.2 s al b provided to prevent the temp rature of comp nents con eyin

combu tible gases f rom s rp s in their desig temp ratures

f ) Liq id f uel cel p wer s stems s al in lu e provision f or ca turin , rec cl n , or saf e

disp sal of rele sed l q id f uel Drip p n , spi g ard , or double-wal ed pip s al b

desig ed to prevent u controled rele ses

4.5.3 Flue ga v nting s stems

The f uel cel p wer s stem s al b provided with a vent s stem to convey prod cts of

combu tion f rom f uel uti zation eq ipment to the outside atmosphere This req irement may

b exempted by in tal ation stan ard f or smal (les than 10 kW net electrical output f uel

cel p wer s stems The man f acturer s al desig an con tru t the vent pip , or provide in

the prod ct’s tec nical doc mentation in tru tion to desig an con tru t the vent pip , in

compl an e with the f olowin req irements

a) Materials s al me t the req irements sp cif ied in 4.3 In p rtic lar, the ventin s stem

s al b con tru ted of material resistant to cor osion by con en ate Non-metal c

material s al b ju ged on its temp rature l mitation, stren th an resistan e to the action

of con en ate

b) The ventin s stem p rts of a f uel cel p wer s stem s al b d ra le Ventin s stem

p rts, in lu in p rts within the f uel cel p wer s stem, s al not bre k, disas emble or

b come damaged to the extent that they p rmit u safe f uel cel p wer s stem o eration

c) The vent pip s al b pro erly s p orted an s al b provided with a rain ca or other

f eature that would not l mit or o stru t the gas f low f rom ventin vertical y upward

d) A me n , s c as drainage, s al b provided to prevent water, ice an other de ris f rom

ac umulatin in ide the vent pip or o stru tin the vent pip

e) Vent pip ex au ts s al b located outdo rs in a saf e location, away f rom u er are s,

ig ition sources, air intakes, bui din o enin s an overhan s

f ) A ventin s stem for a fuel cel p wer s stem s al b le k-tig t

g) The ex au t outlet col ar s al b of s c size as to ac ommodate a vent con ector of

stan ard diameter that is commercial y avai a le or to ac ommodate a con uit as sp cif ied

in the man f acturer’s in talation in tru tion

h) Pres ure switc es u ed to prove ex au t gas f low, if u ed, s al b f actory set, or at the

man f acturer’s dis retion, b set by authorized p rson el at the con tru tion site The

adju tment me n s al then b loc ed A pres ure switc s al b ar a markin in icatin

cle rly the a pl an e man f acturer’s or distributor’s p rt n mb r or a pro riate

doc mentation whic cor elates to the loc ed pres ure setin

i) Parts of a pres ure switc in contact with ex au t gas con en ate s al b cor osion-

resistant to ex au t gas con en ate at the normal o eratin temp ratures

j) The f uel cel p wer s stem s al b ca a le of startin up an s al not s ut down when

the vent s stem is exp sed to a 1 6 Pa static pres ure or 13 ,5 Pa velocity pres ure

(5 km/h win velocity) ac ordin to the tests in 5.14

k) When the f uel cel p wer s stem is provided with a ventin s stem, the average

temp rature of the ex au t gases con eyed by that ventin s stem s al not ex e d

temp ratures ac e ta le f or the materials u ed to con tru t the ventin s stem

4.5.4 Gas-con eyin p rts s al comply with the fol owin con ition

Gas p s age s al have gas-tig tnes , so that the tig tnes s al not b u dermined u der

ordinary tran p rtation, in tal ation, an u e

4.6 Prote tion a ainst f ire or e plosion hazards

4.6.1 Pre e tion a ainst f ire a d e plosion hazards in f uel c l power s stems

provide with c binets

a) The integrated s stems of the fuel cel p wer s stem s al b as embled so as to prevent

hazard as ociated with f lamma le atmosphere ac umulation within the f uel cel p wer

s stem

b) The b u dary f or di ution of normal internal rele ses to b low 2 % LEL (L L f or

h drogen) may b determined by computational f l id d namic analy is, tracer gas, or

simi ar method , s c as those given in IEC 6 0 9-10 Al devices in tal ed within diution

b u daries s al me t the req irements sp cif ied in e) The volume within di ution

b u daries s al b clas if ied ac ordin to IEC 6 0 9-10 The L L of typical gases are

provided in IEC 6 0 9-2

c) Ca inet comp rtments with internal sources of f lamma le gas/va our rele se are def i ed

as f uel comp rtments Fuel comp rtments s al b desig ed to

– maintain gas mixtures b low 2 p rcent LEL (L L f or h drogen), ex e t in diution

b u daries; an

– l mit the extent of di ution b u daries to within the f uel comp rtment

d) Method to maintain normal internal rele ses b low 2 % LEL (L L for h drogen), ex e t

in di ution b u daries, in lu e

1) Controled oxidation of normal internal rele ses

This may b ac ompl s ed by the provision of a contin ou an rela le ig ition an

oxidant sources that en ures the combu tion of the rele sed gases or the uti zation of

catalytic oxidation u its

The man f acturer s al en ure that the maximum credible rele se, when re cted,

prod ces pres ures an temp ratures that can b contained within the f uel

comp rtment an tolerated by the comp nents exp sed to s c con ition

2) Air di ution of normal internal rele ses

This may b ac ompls ed by the provision of mec anical venti ation to di ute with air

the con entration of normal rele ses to les than 2 % LEL (L L f or h drogen), ex e t

within diution b u daries In al cases, the minimum venti ation rate s al b

con istent with the alowa le le kage rate test given in 5.4

Venti ated f uel comp rtments s al b desig ed to o erate at negative pres ure

relative to other typ s of comp rtments in the f uel cel p wer s stem an its

s r ou din s (in u ed or ex au t venti ation) ac ordin to IEC 6 0 9-16 Pro er

o eration of the venti ation s stem s al b con rmed by me s rin either f low or

pres ure F i ure of venti ation s al cau e a s utdown of the proces eq ipment

Alternatively, f uel comp rtments of f uel cel p wer s stems ne d not b venti ated at

negative pres ures if adeq ate me n are provided to l mit the con entration of

f lamma le gas b low 2 % L L u der al con ition of u e ex e t within di ution

b u daries or as des rib d in g)

Fuel comp rtments that rely on venti ation f or protection again t ac umulation of

f lamma le atmospheres s al b purged in s c a way that the atmosphere wi b

brou ht b low 2 % of the L L

NOT On meth d of a c mpls in this is with at le st fo r air e c a g s within a a pro riate time

interv l toe s re this re ult

The purgin wi take place prior to the energization of an devices that are not

s ita le f or the are clas if i ation ac ordin to b) Purgin is not req ired if the

atmosphere within the comp rtment an as ociated d cts can b demon trated by

desig to b non-hazardou Al devices, whic mu t b energized prior to purgin or

in order to ac ompl s purgin , s al me t the req irements sp cif ied in e)

e) Within are s clas if ied as hazardou in b), ex e t f or u its that u e the protection method

des rib d in d)1), the man f acturer s al el minate ig ition sources by en urin that the

– in taled electrical eq ipment is s itable f or the are clas if i ation ac ordin to

IEC 6 0 9-0 an other a pl ca le p rts of the IEC 6 0 9 series;

– in taled electrical resistan e trace he tin , if avaia le, compl es with IEC 6 0 6-1;

– s rf ace temp ratures do not ex e d 8 % of the auto-ig ition temp rature, expres ed

in degre s Celsiu , of the f lamma le gas or va our Se IEC 6 0 9-2 f or g idan e

regardin auto-ig ition temp ratures of variou f lamma le f l id ;

– p tential f or static dis harge has b en el minated by pro er b n in an grou din

ac ordin to IEC 6 2 4-1 an by pro er material selection;

– eq ipment containin materials ca a le of cataly in the re ction of f lamma le f l id

with air s al b ca a le of s p res in the pro agation of the re ction f rom the

eq ipment to the s r ou din f lamma le atmosphere

f ) Comp rtments that contain electrical or mec anical eq ipment s al b maintained at

p sitive pres ure relative to adjacent comp rtments with sources of f lamma le gas or

va our ac ordin to IEC 6 0 9-2, u les the eq ipment me ts the req irements sp cif ied

in e)

g) The f uel cel p wer s stem s al b provided with p s ive an active me n , or a

combination there f , to maintain a normal internal rele ses b low 2 % LEL (L L f or

h drogen), ex e t in di ution b u daries

Su den an catastro hic f aiures ne d not b con idered a rele se s enario in this

analy is when protection again t s c f ai ures has alre d b en contemplated in the

ves el an pipin desig (se also 4.5)

Pas ive me n in lu e, but are not lmited to, the mec anical l mitation of rele ses of

f lamma le gases or va ours to a maximum value by u in pip orif i es an simiar

method of f low restriction or joints p rmanently sec red an so con tru ted that they lmit

the rele se rate to a predicta le maximum value

Active me n may in lu e f low me s rements an controls or the provision of saf ety

devices s c as combu tible gas sen ors These me n s al me t the req irements

sp cif ied in 4.9 an s al cau e a f uel cel p wer s stem s utdown up n oc ur en e of

con ition u der whic the con entration of an f lamma le gas in the venti ation ex au t

ex e d 2 % of the LEL of that gas (L L f or h drogen)

h) The f uel cel p wer s stem s al b desig ed for the safe disp rsal of the venti ation an

proces ex au t stre ms In p rtic lar, f or in o r in tal ation the venti ation an proces

ex au t s al b desig ed f or con ection to a f l e or ventin s stem

i) Non-metal c tubin car yin h drogen gas may ac umulate electrostatic c arge alon its

exterior s rface Dis harges f rom the external s rf ace of this tub may b s f f icient to

ig ite a f lamma le mixture of gas or va our in the s r ou din en ironment When u ed in

Zone 1 or Zone 2 (ac ordin to IEC 6 0 9-10) location , me s res to el minate

electrostatic dis harges s al b taken This may b ac ieved by sp cif yin a tub

material with s f f icient con u tivity, or by l mitin gas f low velocity to values b low whic

electrostatic c arge do s not ac umulate Tubin that rel es on a protective s stem to

el minate electrostatic dis harge (i.e a grou din wire or braid) s al not b u ed in a

Zone 0 location

NOT Metal braid c v rin s, or c n u tiv wire within th n n-metal c tu in wal ma in re s th c a c of

ele tro tatic dis h rg if th s c n u tors b c me dis o n cte fom th ir b n in c n u tor In Zo e 1 a d 2

are s, s c c n u tors s o ld b me h nic ly s c re with p sitiv me n

4.6.2 Pre e tion of f ire a d e plosion hazards in burners

a) Fuel cel p wer s stems s al b desig ed in s c a way that the u safe bui d-up of

f lamma le or explosive gases in burners (start, main an au i ary burners of a reformer

section, tai gas burners) is avoided

b) The main burner s al b f it ed with a piot or a device for direct ig ition

c) The direct ig ition device s al b control ed automatical y an s al not cau e

deterioration of the burner Direct ig ition devices s al b p sitively p sitioned with

resp ct to the main burner p rts Me n s al b provided to prevent in or ect as embly

or reversible mou tin of an direct ig ition device in relation to the burner b in served

d) Pi ots s al b control ed automatical y an direct ig ition s al l g t an pi ot fuel Pi ots

s al b desig ed an f it ed in s c a way that they are located cor ectly in relation to the

burners that they ig ite When a pi ot is an integral p rt of the start burner, it ne d b

evaluated only u der the con tru tion an p rforman e sp cif i ation of this stan ard

e) Automatic electrical burner control s stems s al comply with req irements sp cif ied in

4.9.2

f ) The main burner or pi ot f lame, or b th, s al b s p rvised by a flame detector If a main

burner is ig ited by a pi ot, the presen e of f lame at the piot s al b detected b f ore gas

is rele sed to the main burner A s stem havin an inter upted pi ot s al provide

s p rvision of the main burner f lame f ol owin the main burner f lame-esta ls in p riod

g) The s p rvised pi ot f lame s al b ca a le of ef f ectively ig itin the f uel at the main

burner even when the f uel s p ly to the piot is red ced to the p int where the pi ot f lame

is ju t s f f icient to actuate the primary saf ety control

h) If the he t input of a pi ot do s not ex e d 0,2 0 kW, there is no req irement for the f lame

esta l s in p riod

i) If the he t input of a pi ot ex e d 0,2 0 kW, or in case of direct ig ition of the main

burner, the f lame-esta l s in p riod is determined by the man f acturer so that, in

ac ordan e with the delayed ig ition test (5.1 1), no he lth or safety hazard f or the u er

or damage to the f uel cel p wer s stem oc urs

j) Eac pi ot or direct main burner ig ition atempt b gin with the o enin of the f uel valves

an en s with the closin of the f uel valves The sp rk s al contin e at le st u ti ig ition

oc urs or u ti the en of the f lame-esta l s in p riod

k) Pi ot or direct main burner ig ition s al b atempted a maximum of thre times, e c

time f ol owed by purgin

An a sen e of f lame at the en of the third at empt s al res lt in, at le st, a loc out

l) In case of f lame fai ure, the s stem s al cau e at le st re-ig ition, rec cl n or loc out

m) The pi ot or main burner f lame fai ure loc -out time s al not ex e d 3 s

n) If re-ig ition takes place, u der the test con ition of 5.1 1, the direct ig ition device

s al b re-energized within a maximum time of 1 s af ter the disa p aran e of a f lame

sig al In this case, the f lame-esta ls in p riod is the same as is u ed f or ig ition an

starts when the ig ition device is energized An a sen e of f lame at the en of the f lame-

esta l s in p riod s al res lt in, at le st, a loc out

o) If rec cl n takes place, u der the test con ition of 5.1 1, this s al b preceded by an

inter uption of the gas s p ly an purgin ; the ig ition seq en e s al restart f rom the

b gin in In this case the f lame-esta l s in p riod is the same as is u ed f or ig ition

an starts when the ig ition device is energized Rec cln s al b atempted a maximum

of 3 times, e c time fol owed by purgin An a sen e of f lame at the en of the third

at empt s al res lt in, at le st, a loc out

p) A burner circ it s al b ar an ed to prevent f eedb c by a motor, ca acitor or simi ar

device f rom energizin a f uel valve or ig ition device af ter a control f un tion to s ut of f

the main burner

q) When, f or saf ety re son , a p s ive state is req ired prior to start-up or af ter s utdown,

me n s al b provided to automatical y purge a burner hou in or en los re of an

f lamma le gas mixture b fore the trial f or ig ition at the start an in-b twe n rec cln

trials This purge s al provide a minimum of f our air c an es in the combu tion c amb r

r) Ig ition s stem comp nents s al b in tal ed so the o eration of these devices an main

burner ig ition wi not b af f ected by f al n p rticles or con en ation d rin normal

o eration

s) When primary air u der pres ure is mixed with the f uel s p ly, ef f ective me n s al b

provided to prevent air from p s in b c into the f uel lne, or f uel into the air s p ly The

f uel an air s p ly s al b s ita ly control ed to prove air f low prior to ig ition an to

prevent f uel f rom enterin e c ref ormer burner u ti the air s p ly is avai a le an , in the

event of air fan fai ure, to s ut of f the f uel s p ly

t Mec anical l n age f or o eratin the fuel an air controls, if u ed, s al b desig ed to

rel a ly maintain the cor ect f uel/air ratio an to resist ac idental bre kage an

disen agement

u) Up n s utdown, hazardou gases in the proces s stem s al b saf ely contained,

purged, or re cted

v) The man f acturer s al provide the f uel cel p wer s stem with adeq ate me n to prevent

the cros in of air into f uel or combu tible proces gas l nes or of f uel or combu tible

proces gas into air l nes

w) The f uel cel p wer s stem u der a bloc ed outlet con ition s al not prod ce a

con entration of carb n monoxide in ex es of 3 0 p m in an air fre sample of the

ef f luents ac ordin to the test of 5.16.1 Ad itional y, the fuel cel p wer s stem s al not

prod ce a carb n monoxide con entration in ex es of 3 0 p m in an air f re sample of

the ef f luents when the air s p ly inlet is bloc ed ac ordin to the test of 5.16.2

4.6.3 Pre e tion of f ire a d e plosion hazards in c talytic f uel oxid tion s stems

(c talytic burners)

a) Within f uel cel p wer s stem comp nents car yin f l id , in whic f lamma le or explosive

gas volumes are intentional y prod ced to con u t a control ed catalytic f uel oxidation

re ction (for example, catalytic p rtial oxidation, catalytic combu tion), the man facturer

s al avoid the u safe bui d-up of f lamma le or explosive gases

b) When, f or saf ety re son , a p s ive state is req ired prior to start-up or af ter s utdown,

me n s al b provided to purge the catalytic f uel oxidation s stem comp nents The

purgin s stem may uti ze a medium sp cif ied by the man f acturer s c as, but not

l mited to, nitrogen, air or ste m The extent of purgin is determined by con iderin f low

c aracteristic , s stem d namic an ge metry

c) Where air is mixed with f uel, the man facturer s al provide adeq ate me n to prevent

that air flows b c into the fuel lne, or f uel into the air s p ly

1) For air ric s stems

The f uel an air s p ly s al b s ita ly control ed to provide air prior to re ction

initiation, an to prevent f uel f rom enterin the re ctor u ti the air s p ly is avai a le

2) For f uel- ic s stems

The f uel an air s p ly s al b s ita ly controled to provide f uel prior to re ction

initiation, an to prevent air from enterin the re ctor u ti the f uel is avaia le

d) Mec anical l n age f or o eratin the fuel an air controls, if u ed, s al b desig ed to

rel a ly maintain the cor ect f uel-air ratio an to resist ac idental bre kage an

disen agement

e) The re ction initiation time s al b determined by con iderin the resp n e time of the

s stem control devices an the time req ired to bui d up the maximum al owa le q antity

of f lamma le or explosive mixture that can saf ely b contained in the s stem b sed on

f low rates, f uel-air mixture f lamma i ty, an s stem d namic an ge metry

f ) If the catalytic re ction is not esta l s ed within the re ction initiation time, the s stem

s al automatical y s ut of f the f uel s p ly, or f or f uel- ic o eration , the s p ly of al

re ctants

g) The temp rature of the cataly t s al b monitored either directly or in irectly The

re ction f ais if the temp rature or rate of temp rature c an e of the cataly t fal s outside

the ac e ta le ran e sp cif ied by the man f acturer Then the s stem s al automatical y

s ut of f the f uel s p ly, or for f uel- ic o eration , the s p ly of al re ctants The re ction

f ai ure loc -out time s al not ex e d 3 s

h) If a mixture of f uel an air could p tential y bui d up in ide the f uel cel p wer s stem

f ol owin either the f ai ure of a re ction to start within the re ction initiation time; or the

extin tion of a re ction; or decre se or in re se of the re ction rate to u saf e levels, the

man f acturer s al en ure that the maximum q antity of f lamma le mixture that could

credibly ac umulate, if combu ted, prod ces pres ures an temp ratures that can b

contained within the comp nents exp sed to s c con ition

i) Up n s utdown, hazardou gases in the proces s stem s al b saf ely contained or

disp sed

j) Where air an f uel stre ms are put in close contact as p rt of the thermal management

s stem, the man facturer s al provide the fuel cel p wer s stem with adeq ate me n to

prevent he lth or saf ety ris s f rom arisin f rom the cros in of air into f uel l nes or of f uel

into air l nes

4.7 Ele tric l s f ety

The output voltage of a f uel cel p wer s stem s al not ex e d nominal 6 0 V a.c or 6 0 V

d.c Output voltages a ove these levels are p rmis ible when a pl ed in ac ordan e with the

local or national stan ard a plca le to those voltage ratin s

Electrical terms an def i ition u ed in this stan ard are the same as those given in

IEC 6 9 0-1, 1.2

4.7.1 Prote tion a ainst ele tric s oc a d e ergy hazard

IEC 6 9 0-1, 2.1.1.2, 2.1.1.4, 2.1.1.5, 2.1.1.6, an 2.1.1.7 a ply together with the f ol owin

An electrical dis on ect devices provided to s ut p wer down f or the saf ety of service

p rson el s al b provided with a me n f or ph sical y loc in -out the dis on ect lever to

prevent inad ertent recon ection b f ore servicin has b en completed

The provision of 2.10 of IEC 6 9 0-1 a ply to cle ran es, cre p ge distan es an distan es

throu h in ulation

IEC 6 9 0-1, Clau e 3, a ples to wirin con ection an s p ly

4.7.1.1 Operator a c s

This stan ard sp cif ies two categories of req irements f or protection again t electric s oc

f rom energized p rts

The o erator is p rmit ed to have ac es to

a) b re p rts in SELV circ its;

b) b re p rts in l mited c r ent circ its;

c) in ulation of wirin in ELV circ its u der the con ition sp cif ied in 6 9 0-1, 2.1.1.3

The o erator s al b prevented f rom havin ac es to

a) b re p rts of circ its at ELV or hazardou voltages;

b) o erational or b sic in ulation of s c p rts ex e t u der the con ition sp cif ied in

s bseq ent s bclau es;

c) u e rthed con u tive p rts se arated f rom p rts at ELV or at hazardou voltages by

o erational or b sic in ulation only

4.7.1.2 Ac e s to ELV wirin

IEC 6 9 0-1, 2.1.1.3, a pl es together with con ideration f or the maximum u s n hronized

voltages that may a p ar acros the l ne an in erter terminals

4.7.1.3 Dis harge of c pa itors in the primary circ it

IEC 6 9 0-1, 2.1.1.7, a ples together with con ideration f or ca acitan e stored in the lo d as

wel as internal circ itry

4.7.1.4 Emerg nc switc ing de ice

The f uel cel generator s al b provided with an integral sin le emergen y switc in device,

or terminals f or con ection of a remote emergen y-switc in device, whic prevents f urther

s p ly to the lo d in an mode of o eration If rel an e is placed on ad itional dis on ection

of s p l es in the bui din wirin , the in tal ation in tru tion s al state this

Plu -con ected f uel cel generators do not req ire an emergen y switc in device if the plu

can p rf orm the same f un tion

4.7.2 Compone ts

The f ol owin a ply to electrical comp nents within the eq ipment

Comp nents s al comply either with the req irements of this stan ard or with the con ition

of the relevant IEC comp nent stan ard

A comp nent whic is to b con ected to an SELV circ it an also to an ELV circ it or to a

p rt at hazardou voltage s al comply with the req irements f or SELV circ its An example of

s c a comp nent is a relay with dif f erent s p l es con ected to dif f erent elements (coi s an

contacts)

a) Evaluation an testin of comp nents

– a comp nent that has b en demon trated to comply with a stan ard harmonized with the

relevant IEC comp nent stan ard s al b c ec ed f or cor ect a plcation an u e in

ac ordan e with its ratin It s al b s bjected to the a plca le tests of this stan ard, as

p rt of the eq ipment, with the ex e tion of those tests whic are p rt of the relevant IEC

component stan ard;

– a comp nent that has not b en demon trated to comply with a relevant standard as a ove

s al b c ec ed f or cor ect a pl cation an u e in ac ordan e with its sp cif ied ratin It

s al b s bjected to the a pl ca le tests of this stan ard, as p rt of the eq ipment, an to

the a pl ca le tests of the comp nent stan ard, u der the con ition oc ur in in the

eq ipment;

NOT Th a plc ble te t for c mpla c with a c mp n nt sta d rd is, ing n ral c r ie o t s p rately

– where no relevant IEC comp nent stan ard exists, or where comp nents are u ed in

circ its not in ac ordan e with their sp cif ied ratin s, the comp nents s al b tested

u der the con ition oc ur in in the eq ipment The n mb r of samples req ired f or test

is, in general, the same as req ired by an eq ivalent stan ard

Thermal controls s al me t the req irements of 1.5.3 of IEC 6 9 0-1

Tran f ormers s al comply with the req irements of 1.5.4 of IEC 6 9 0-1

Ca acitors con ected acros l ne p wer s al comply with 1.5.5 of IEC 6 9 0-1.

b) Comp nents that brid e double or reinf orced in ulation

– Brid in ca acitors

It is p rmited to brid e double in ulation or reinf orced in ulation by

1) a sin le ca acitor complyin with IEC 6 3 4-14:19 3, s bclas Y1;

2) a sin le ca acitor complyin with IEC 6 3 4-14:19 3, s bclas Y2, where the

eq ipment rated voltage is les than 15 V with resp ct to neutral or e rth; or two

ca acitors in series, e c complyin with IEC 6 3 4-14:19 3, s bclas Y2 or Y4;

3) a Y1 ca acitor, or a Y2 ca acitor u ed in ac ordan e with 2), is con idered to have

reinf orced in ulation Where two ca acitors are u ed in series, they s al e c b

rated f or the total workin voltage acros the p ir an s al have the same nominal

ca acitan e value

– Brid in resistors

It is p rmited to brid e double in ulation or reinf orced in ulation by two resistors in

series The resistors s al e c comply with the req irements of 2.10.3 an 2.10.4 of

IEC 6 9 0-1 f or b sic in ulation or s p lementary in ulation, as a pl ca le, b twe n their

termination f or the total workin voltage acros the p ir an s al have the same nominal

resistan e value

– Ac es ible p rts

Where ac es ible con u tive p rts or circ its are se arated f rom other p rts by double

in ulation or reinf orced in ulation that is brid ed by comp nents in ac ordan e with

1.5.7.2 or 1.5.7.3 of IEC 6 9 0-1, the ac es ible p rts or circ its s al comply with the

req irements f or l mited c r ent circ its in 2.4 of IEC 6 9 0-1 These req irements s al

a ply af ter electric stren th testin of the in ulation has b en car ied out

– Comp nents in eq ipment f or u e rthed p wer distribution s stems

For eq ipment to b con ected to u e rthed p wer distribution s stems, comp nents

con ected b twe n l ne an e rth s al b ca a le of with tan in the stres d e to the

l ne-to-l ne voltage However, ca acitors rated f or the a pl ca le l ne-to-neutral voltage are

p rmited in s c a pl cation if they comply with IEC 6 3 4-14:19 3, s bclas Y1, Y2 or

– Normal lo d f or s stems that uti ze an external main p wer source to idle, start, or

maintain o eration of the p wer s stem, is con idered to b the maximum lo d that is

con ected to the main ;

– Where an equipment has more than one rated voltage, the input c r ent is me s red at

e c rated voltage;

– Where an eq ipment has one or more rated voltage ran es, the input c r ent is me s red

at e c en of e c rated voltage ran e Where a sin le value of rated c r ent is marked

(se 1.7.1 of IEC 6 9 0-1), it is comp red with the hig er value of input c r ent me s red

in the as ociated voltage ran e Where two values of rated c r ent are marked, se arated

by a h phen, they are comp red with the two values me s red in the as ociated voltage

ran e

In e c case, the re din s are taken when the input c r ent has sta i zed If the c r ent

varies d rin the normal op ratin c cle, the ste d -state c r ent is taken as the me n

in ication of the value, me s red on a recordin r.m.s ammeter, d rin a re resentative

p riod

4.7.4 In ulation

IEC 6 9 0-1, 2.2.3.1, 2.2.3.2 an 2.2.3.3 a ply IEC 6 2 2-2 a pl es with resp ct to the f uel

cel stac con tru tion

4.7.5 Limite c r e t circ its a d l mite power circ its

IEC 6 9 0-1, 2.4.1, 2.4.2 , 2.4.3 an 2.5 a ply

4.7.6 Provisions f or prote tiv e rthin

IEC 6 9 0-1, 2.6 a ply, alon with the f ol owin p rtion of this s bclau e

4.7.6.1 Prote tiv e rthing

Ac es ible con u tive p rts of Clas I eq ipment, whic mig t as ume a hazardou voltage in

the event of a sin le in ulation f ault, s al b rela ly con ected to a protective e rthin

terminal within the eq ipment

This req irement do s not a ply to ac es ible con u tive p rts that are se arated f rom p rts

at hazardou voltage by

– e rthed metal p rts;

– sold in ulation or an air ga , or a combination of the two, me tin the req irements f or

double in ulation or reinf orced in ulation In this case the p rts in olved s al b so f i ed

an so rigid that the minimum distan es are maintained d rin the a pl cation of f orce as

req ired by the tests of IEC 6 9 0-1, 2.10 an 4.2.3

4.7.6.2 Bonding

For Clas I plu ga le eq ipment Typ A, the f uel cel generator s al provide s f f icient

terminals, e rthed soc et-outlets or other me n to p rmit, in the f i al in tal ed s stem

con g ration, eq ip tential e rth b n in to the f uel cel generator f rom other Clas I

eq ipment This req irement in lu es external b tery ca inets, ir esp ctive of whether the

primary protective con u tor of the f uel cel generator is dis on ected f rom its source An

sp cial b n in in tru tion s al b stated in the u er’s in tru tion

4.7.7 AC a d d.c p wer isolation

IEC 6 9 0-1, 2.6.2, 2.6.3, 2.6.4, an 2.6.5 are a pl ca le, together with the f ol owing

4.7.7.1 Dis on e t de ic s

Dis on ection devices s al b provided to dis on ect the f uel cel generator f rom the a.c

s p l es for servicin by q al f ied p rson el The me n of isolation can b located either in

the service ac es are or external to the eq ipment

4.7.7.2 Thre -pha e e uipme t

For thre -phase f uel cel generators, the dis on ect device(s) s al dis on ect simultane u ly

al phase con u tors of the s p ly

If a dis on ect device inter upts the neutral con u tor, it s al simultane u ly inter upt al

phase con u tors (se IEC 6 9 0-1, 1.7.2)

4.7.7.3 Switc a a dis onn ct

Where the dis on ect device is a switc in orp rated into the eq ipment, its “ON” an “OFF”

p sition s al b marked in ac ordan e with IEC 6 9 0-1, 1.7.8

If the o eratin me n of the dis on ection device is o erated vertical y rather than

rotational y or horizontal y, the “UP” p sition of the o eratin me n s al b in the “ON”

p sition

4.7.7.4 Multiple power sourc s

Where a p rmanently con ected u it receives p wer f rom more than one external source,

there s al b a prominent markin at e c dis on ect device givin adeq ate in tru tion f or

the removal of al p wer f rom the u it

4.7.7.5 Ungroun e conductors

For b th internal an external d.c s p l es, dis on ect devices or me n of isolation, s al

o en al u grou ded con u tors of the d.c s p ly

4.7.8 Ov r-c r e t a d e rth f ault prote tion

IEC 6 9 0-1, 2.7.3, 2.7.4, 2.7.5, an 2.7.6 a ply alon with the f ol owin

4.7.8.1 Ge eral

Protection again t ex es c r ents, s ort circ its an e rth f aults in input an output circ its

s al b provided, either as an integral p rt of the eq ipment or as p rt of the buidin

in talation

4.7.8.2 Bat ery circ it prote tion

Where a d.c s p ly is in tal ed in ide the f uel cel p wer s stem, the d.c s p ly s al b

provided with a protective device located b twe n the d.c con ectin me n b f ore an

comp nent whic may f ai s ort-circ ited, s c as ca acitors, semi-con u tors, or simi ar

comp nents

Where the d.c s p l es are external to the f uel cel p wer s stem, the ratin of the over

c r ent protective device s al b in icated in the in tru tion man al an s al take into

ac ou t the c r ent ratin of the con u tors to b con ected b twe n the f uel cel p wer

s stem an the d.c s p ly

4.7.8.3 Rating of prote tiv de ic

The ratin of the over c r ent protective device located internal y s al b s c that it protects

again t the con ition given in IEC 6 9 0-1, 5.3.1

4.8 Ele troma netic compatibi ty (EMC)

The f uel cel power s stem s al not generate electromag etic disturb n es a ove the levels

a pro riate f or its inten ed places of u e In ad ition, the eq ipment s al have an adeq ate

level of immu ity to electromag etic disturb n es so that it can o erate cor ectly in its

inten ed en ironment As a pl ca le, the f uel cel p wer s stem s al comply with the

f olowin stan ard : IEC 610 0-3-2, IEC 610 0-3-3, IEC 610 0-3-4, IEC 610 0-3-5,

IEC 610 0-6-1, IEC 610 0-6-2, IEC 610 0-6-3, an IEC 610 0-6-4

4.9 Control s stems a d prote tiv compone ts

4.9.1 Ge eral re uireme ts

4.9.1.1 The saf ety an rela i ty analy is as sp cif ied in 4.1.2 s al provide the b sis to set

the protection p rameters of the saf ety circ it

4.9.1.2 The f uel cel p wer s stem s al b desig ed in s c a way that the sin le f aiure of

a comp nent do s not cas ade into a hazardou con ition Me n to prevent cas ade f aiures

in lu e, but are not l mited to,

– protective devices in the f uel cel p wer s stem (f or example, interloc in g ard , trip

devices);

– protective interloc in of the electrical circ it;

– u e of proven tec niq es an comp nents;

– provision of p rtial or complete red n an y or diversity; an

– provision f or f un tional tests

Guidan e f or the desig of electrical, electronic an programma le controls can b f ou d in

IEC 615 8 or IEC 6151 -1

4.9.2 Control s stems

Automatic electrical an electronic controls of f uel cel p wer s stems s al b desig ed an

con tru ted so that they are saf e an rel a le Residential, commercial an l g t in u trial f uel

cel p wer s stems s al conf orm to IEC 6 7 0-1

Automatic electrical burner control s stems s al comply with IEC 6 7 0-2-5

Automatic electrical control s stems f or catalytic oxidation re ctors s al comply as a pl ca le

with IEC 6 7 0-2-5 Sp cif i req irements are provided in 4.6.3

Man al controls s al b cle rly marked an desig ed to prevent inad ertent adju tment an

Suita le interloc s s al b provided to sec re cor ect seq ential startin

It s al b p s ible f or automated plant f un tionin in automatic mode to b restarted af ter a

sto p ge on e the saf ety con ition have b en f ulf il ed It s al also b p s ible to restart the

f uel cel p wer s stem by intentional actuation of a control provided f or the purp se, provided

s c restartin is verif ia ly non-hazardou

This req irement does not a ply to the restartin of the f uel cel p wer s stem res ltin f rom

the normal seq en e of an automatic c cle

4.9.2.2 Shutdowns

As determined by the rel a i ty as es ment in icated in 4.1.2 an the f un tional req irements

of the f uel cel p wer s stem s al b provided with the f ol owin s utdown

– Saf ety s utdown

A saf ety s utdown is, for air ric o eration, the de-energization of the main f uel f low

me n , or f or f uel- ic o eration, the de-energization of b th the proces air f low an the

main f uel f low me n , as the res lt of the action of a l miter, a c t-out or the detection of

an internal f ault of the s stem

– Control ed s utdown

A controled s utdown is, for air ric o eration, the de-energization of the main fuel f low

me n , or f or f uel- ic o eration, the de-energization of b th the proces air f low an the

main f uel f low me n , as the res lt of the o enin of a control lo p by a control device

s c as a thermostat The s stem return to the start p sition

4.9.2.2.1 Saf ety s utdowns

a) General

Saf ety s utdown s al b in orp rated as p rt of the f uel cel p wer s stem in order to

avert actual or imp n in dan er that can ot b cor ected by controls These f un tion

s al

– sto the dan erou con ition without cre tin ad itional hazard ;

– trig er or p rmit the trig erin of certain saf eg ard action where neces ary;

– over ide al other f un tion an o eration in al modes;

– prevent reset f rom initiatin a restart;

– b f it ed with restart loc -outs in s c a way that a new start comman may take ef f ect

on normal o eration only af ter the restart loc -outs have b en intentional y reset

b) Emergen y sto

Man al safety s utdown (i.e emergen y sto s), if req ired by the safety an rel a i ty

analy is in 4.1.2, s al have cle rly identif ia le, cle rly visible an q ic ly ac es ible

controls s c as but on , in ac ordan e with ISO 13 5

c) Control f un tion in the event of control s stems f aiure

In case of f ault in the control s stem logic or f ai ure of , or damage to, the control s stem

hardware,

– the f uel cel p wer s stem s al not b prevented f rom sto pin on e the sto

comman has b en given;

– automatic or man al sto pin of the movin p rts s al b u imp ded;

– the protection devices s al remain f ul y ef f ective;

– the f uel cel p wer s stem s al not restart u exp ctedly

When a protective device or interloc cau es a saf ety s utdown of the f uel cel p wer

s stem, that con ition s al b sig aled to the logic of the control s stem The reset of the

s utdown f un tion s al not initiate an hazardou con ition Control/monitorin s stems

that can o erate saf ely in the hazardou situation may b lef t energized to provide s stem

information

4.9.2.2.2 Control e s utdown

Upset con ition that can b saf ely controled or that do not p se immediate dan er may b

cor ected with a control ed s utdown A control ed s utdown may remove al p wer to the

eq ipment, or may le ve p wer avai a le to the f uel cel p wer s stem actuators

4.9.2.3 Permis iv s

Permis ives s al b implemented con istent with req irements esta ls ed from the safety

an rel a i ty analy is des rib d in 4.1.2 A "p rmis ive" is defi ed as a con ition within a

logic seq en e that mu t b satis ed b f ore the seq en e is al owed to proce d to the next

phase

4.9.2.4 Comple instal ation

When the fuel cel p wer s stem is desig ed to work together with other eq ipment, the fuel

cel p wer s stem sto controls, in lu in the emergen y sto , s al b provided with me n ,

s c as sig al interfaces, to ena le the co rdinated s utdown with eq ipment upstre m

an /or down tre m, as a pl ca le, of the f uel cel p wer s stem if contin ed o eration can b

dan erou

4.9.2.5 Operating mode

a) There s al b two primary o eratin modes: ON an OFF

Durin the ON-mode the f uel cel p wer s stem comp nents s al b active an o eratin

as neces ary to s p ly p wer The f ol owin con ition are also con idered to b on

-modes:

– stan by state (zero net p wer output ;

– automatic start ena led (p wer lef t avaia le to the p wer s stem actuators)

In the OFF-mode, al p wer to the f uel cel p wer s stem s al b c t an the u it s al b

inactive, or some p wer to prevent deterioration of the comp nents s al b s p l ed only

to the f uel cel p wer s stem an the u it s al b inactive

b) There s al b two primary tran ition : start-up an s utdown

Start-up is the tran ition f rom OF to ON an s al b initiated f rom an external sig al

Sh tdown is the automatic tran ition f rom ON to OFF It may b initiated either via an

external sig al, or internal sig al in resp n e to out of l mits con ition to the f uel cel

p wer s stem control er

c) Secon ary o eratin modes an tran ition may b provided as neces ary, s c as to

al ow f or dif f erent p wer output rates or f or adju tment, maintenan e, or in p ction

activities

d) Mode selection

If the f uel cel p wer s stem has b en desig ed an bui t to al ow f or its u e in several

control or o eratin modes presentin dif ferent safety levels (for example, to al ow f or

adju tment, maintenan e, in p ction, etc.), it s al b ca a le of mode selection that can

b sec red in e c p sition Eac p sition of the selector s al cor esp n to a sin le

o eratin or control mode an s al b f it ed with restart loc outs A new start comman

may take ef f ect on normal o eration only af ter the restart loc outs have b en intentional y

reset Mode selection s al b al owed by an sec ra le me n , s c as a p sitionin

k o , key loc , or sof tware comman , to prevent unintentional c an e to a dif f erent mode

that may le d to a hazardou con ition The selector may b desig ed to restrict u er

ac es to certain f uel cel p wer s stem o eratin modes (for example, ac es codes f or

certain n merical y control ed f un tion , etc.)

The mode selected s al over ide al other control s stems with the ex e tion of the saf ety

s utdown

4.9.2.6 Remote monitoring a d control s stems

Fuel cel p wer s stems that can b o erated remotely s al have a local, la el ed switc or

other me n to dis on ect the f uel cel p wer s stem f rom remote sig als that may b u ed

whi e a local o erator p rf orms in p ction or maintenan e Remote monitorin an control

4.9.3 Prote tiv comp ne ts

a) Suita le protective devices an combination there f comprise

– protective devices;

– where a pro riate, adeq ate monitorin devices s c as in icators an /or alarms

whic ena le adeq ate action to b taken either automatical y or man aly to ke p the

f uel cel p wer s stem within the alowa le l mits

b) Protective devices s al

– b so desig ed an con tru ted as to b rel a le an s ita le f or their inten ed d ty

an take into ac ou t the maintenan e an testin req irements of the devices, where

a pl ca le;

– have their protective f un tion in e en ent of other p s ible f un tion ;

– comply with a pro riate desig prin iples in order to o tain s ita le an rel a le

protection These prin iples in lu e, in p rtic lar, f ai-saf e modes, red n an y,

diversity an self -diag osis

c) Dan erou overlo din of eq ipment s al b prevented at the desig stage by me n of

integrated me s rement, reg lation an control devices, s c as over c r ent c t-of f

switc es, temp rature l miters, dif f erential pres ure switc es, f low-meters, time-lag relay ,

over sp ed monitors an /or simi ar typ s of monitorin devices

d) Protective devices with a me s rin f un tion s al b desig ed an con tru ted so that

they can co e with f orese a le o eratin req irements an sp cial con ition of u e

Where neces ary, it s al b p s ible to c ec the re din ac urac an service bi ty of

devices These devices s al in orp rate a saf ety f actor that en ures that the alarm

thres old l es f ar enou h outside the lmits to b registered, takin into ac ou t, in

p rtic lar, the o eratin con ition of the in tal ation an p s ible a er ation in the

g) Gas sen ors rel ed up n f or saf ety s al comply with IEC 617 9-4 an b selected,

in tal ed, cal brated, u ed an maintained in ac ordan e with IEC 617 9-6

h) Al p rts of fuel cel p wer s stems whic are set or adju ted at the stage of man f acture,

an whic s ould not b manipulated by the u er or the in taler, s al b a pro riately

protected

i) L vers an other control n an set in devices s al b cle rly marked an given

a pro riate in tru tion so as to prevent an er or in han l n Their desig s al b s c

as to preclu e ac idental manipulation

a) Sh t-of f valves s al b provided f or al eq ipment an s stems where containment or

bloc age of the proces f l id f low is neces ary d rin s utdown, testin , maintenan e,

upset, or emergen y con ition

b) Sh t-of f valves s al b rated for the service pres ure, temp rature, an f l id

c aracteristic

c) Actuators mou ted on s ut-of f valves s al b temp rature- ated to with tan he t

con u ted f rom the valve b d

d) Electrical y, h draul cal y or pneumatical y o erated s ut-of f valves s al b of a typ that

wi move to a f ai saf e p sition up n los of actuation energ

4.1 2 Supply f uel v lv s

Sup ly f uel valves s al me t the f olowin req irements

a) Al f uel s p led to the f uel cel p wer s stem s al p s throu h at le st two automatic

valves, in series, e c of whic serves as an o eratin valve an a saf ety s utof f valve

b) An f uel s p l ed directly to fuel-f ired eq ipment, s c as a startup b i er or a reformer

start burner, s al also p s throu h at le st two automatic valves, in series, e c of whic

serves as an o eratin valve an a saf ety s utof f valve These valves may or may not b

contained in a sin le control b d

c) Electrical y o erated s p ly f uel valves s al me t the req irements of IEC 6 7 0-2-17 or

IEC 6 7 0-2-19 as a pl ca le

d) When f uel gases are rec cled f rom a pl an es u in the f uel cel p wer s stem output

gas, the con ection may b exempt f rom employin s utof f valves if demon trated to b

saf e ac ordin to the safety an rela i ty analy is of 4.1.2

4.12 Rotating e uipme t

4.12.1 Ge eral re uireme ts

a) Rotatin eq ipment s al b desig ed f or the pres ures, temp ratures an f l id to whic

they may b s bjected u der normal o eratin con ition

b) Fluid inlet an outlet l nes s al b adeq ately protected f rom damage d e to vibration

c) Shaft se ls s al b comp tible with the pump d f l id an the o eratin temp ratures

emergen y s utdown

d) Shaf t se ls s al b desig ed s c that hazardou f l id le kage is avoided If s af t se ls

le k hazardou f l id , the man f acturer s al provide hazardou f l id containment or

di ution me n as neces ary to avoid ris s to he lth or saf ety

e) Motors, b arin s, an se ls s al b s ita le f or the exp cted d ty c cles

4.12.2 Compre sors

4.12.2.1 Where a pro riate, p c aged compres ors s al conform to one of the f ol owin

stan ard : ISO 5 8 :19 1; ISO 10 3 :2 0 ; ISO 10 4 :2 0 ; ISO 13 0 :2 0 ; ISO 10 4

-1:2 0 ; ISO 10 4 -2:2 01, or ISO 13 31:2 0

4.12.2.2 Unles con idered u neces ary by the saf ety an rel a i ty analy is,

compres ors, or compres or s stems, s al b provided with the f ol owin

a) Pres ure- el ef devices that lmit e c stage pres ure to the maximum o eratin pres ure

f or the compres ion c l n er an pipin as ociated with that stage of compres ion

b) An automatic s utdown control f or hig dis harge an low s ction pres ure

c) Where req ired to re-start the compres or af ter s utdown, an u lo din device that

ca tures an rec cles blow-down gas f or re-u e, an /or saf e ventin