Bsi bs en 50636 2 92 2014

3.1.9 Replacement: 3.1.9 normal operation operation of the machine under the following conditions: the machine is operated at rated voltage with the load necessary to attain rated po

BSI Standards Publication

Household and similar electrical appliances — Safety

Part 2-92: Particular requirements for pedestrian-controlled mains-operated lawn scarifiers and aerators

This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN50636-2-92:2014 It supersedes BS EN 60335-2-92:2005 which iswithdrawn.

The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee CPL/116, Safety of motor-operated electric tools

A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary

This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract Users are responsible for its correctapplication

© The British Standards Institution 2014 Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2014

ISBN 978 0 580 72077 2ICS 65.060.70; 97.030

Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.

This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 June 2014

Amendments issued since publication

NORME EUROPÉENNE

English Version Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-92:

Particular requirements for pedestrian-controlled mains-operated

lawn scarifiers and aerators

Appareils électrodomestiques et analogues - Sécurité -

Partie 2-92: Règles particulières pour les scarificateurs de

gazon et les aérateurs fonctionnant sur le réseau et pour

conducteur à pied

Sicherheit elektrischer Geräte für den Hausgebrauch und ähnliche Zwecke - Teil 2-92: Besondere Anforderungen für handgeführte netzbetriebene Rasen-Vertikutierer und

Rasen-Lüfter

This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2013-09-02 CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CENELEC member

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German) A version in any other language made by translation

under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the

same status as the official versions

CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,

Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,

Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,

Turkey and the United Kingdom

European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels

© 2014 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members

Ref No EN 50636-2-92:2014 E

Contents Page

Foreword 4

Introduction 6

1 Scope 7

2 Normative references 7

3 Terms and definitions 8

4 General requirement 10

5 General conditions for the tests 10

6 Classification 11

7 Marking and instructions 11

8 Protection against access to live parts 14

9 Starting of motor-operated appliances 14

10 Power input and current 14

11 Heating 15

12 Void 15

13 Leakage current and electric strength at operating temperature 15

14 Transient overvoltages 15

15 Moisture resistance 15

16 Leakage current and electric strength 15

17 Overload protection of transformers and associated circuits 15

18 Endurance 15

19 Abnormal operation 16

20 Stability and mechanical hazards 16

21 Mechanical strength 23

22 Construction 24

23 Internal wiring 25

24 Components 25

25 Supply connection and external flexible cords 26

26 Terminals for external conductors 27

27 Provision for earthing 27

28 Screws and connections 27

29 Clearances, creepage distances and solid insulation 27

30 Resistance to heat and fire 27

31 Resistance to rusting 27

32 Radiation, toxicity and similar hazards 27

Annex AA (normative) Safety signs and symbols 39

Annex BB (informative) Safety Instructions 42

Annex CC (normative) Vibration 45

Annex DD (normative) Noise test code – Engineering method (grade 2) 50

Annex EE (informative) Example of a material and construction fulfilling the requirements for an artificial surface 56

Annex FF (normative) Base 58

Annex ZZ (informative) Coverage of Essential Requirements of EU Directives 60

Bibliography 61

Figures Figure 101  Safety distances – Machines with more than one axle 28

Figure 102  Safety distances – Single axle machines 29

Figure 103  Foot probe 30

Figure 104  Strength of tine assembly 31

Figure 105  Operator zone 32

Figure 106  Front and rear guarding of tines 33

Figure 107  Side guarding of tines 34

Figure 108  Guarding of rear discharge machines 35

Figure 109  Guarding of front discharge machines 36

Figure 110  Thrown object test rig for rear discharge scarifiers with rigid tines 37

Figure 111  Impact test fixture for handle insulation 38

Figure AA.1  “Read operator’s manual” 39

Figure AA.2  “Keep bystanders away” 40

Figure AA.3  “WARNING – Beware of sharp tines, keep fingers and toes away Remove plug from mains before maintenance, adjusting, cleaning or if the cord is entangled or damaged Tines continue to rotate after the motor is switched off” 40

Figure AA.4  “Keep supply flexible cord away from tines” 41

Figure CC.1 – Examples of transducer location/orientation 47

Figure CC.2 – Examples of transducer location/orientation for hand-arm vibration 48

Figure DD.1  Microphone positions on the hemisphere (see Table DD.1) 51

Figure EE.1  Sketch of the measurement surface covered with an artificial surface (not to scale) 57

Figure FF.1  Base detail 58

Figure FF.2  Nail plan of base 59

Tables Table DD.1  Co-ordinates of microphone positions 52

Table DD.2  Absorption coefficients 53

Foreword

This document (EN 50636-2-92:2014) has been prepared by CLC/TC 116 "Safety of motor-operated electric tools"

The following dates are fixed:

• latest date by which this document has to be

implemented

at national level by publication of an identical

national standard or by endorsement

(dop) 2014-12-20

• latest date by which the national standards conflicting

with this document have to be withdrawn (dow) 2016-09-02

This document supersedes EN 60335-2-92:2005

EN 60335-2-92:2014 includes the following significant technical changes:

– rewording of some clauses;

– alignment to the European Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC;

– alignment to EN 60335-1:2012

This document is to be used in conjunction with EN 60335-1:2012 “Household and similar electrical

appliances  Safety  Part 1: General requirements”

When “Part 1” is mentioned in this standard, it refers to EN 60335-1:2012

This document supplements or modifies the corresponding clauses in Part 1, so as to convert that

publication into the European Standard “Particular requirements for pedestrian-controlled

walk-behind mains operated scarifiers and aerators”

Where a particular subclause of Part 1 is not mentioned in this document, that subclause applies as far as is relevant Where this standard states “addition”, “modification” or “replacement”, the relevant text in Part 1 is to be adapted accordingly

Compliance with the relevant clauses of Part 1 together with this document provides one means of conforming to the specified essential health and safety requirements of the Directive

This European Standard follows the overall requirements of EN ISO 12100

Warning: Other requirements arising from other EU Directives can be applicable to the products falling within the scope of this European Standard

The following numbering system is used:

– subclauses , notes, tables and figures that are numbered starting from 101 are additional to those in Part 1;

– additional annexes are lettered AA, BB, etc.;

Note In this European Standard the following print types are used:

- requirements proper: in roman type;

- test specifications: in italic type;

- explanatory matter: in smaller roman type

Words in bold in the text are defined in Clause 3 When a definition concerns an adjective, the adjective and the associated

noun are also in bold Common modifications are indicated by a vertical line in the left margin of the text

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights CENELEC [and/or CEN] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights

This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CENELEC by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s)

For the relationship with EU Directive(s) see informative Annex ZZ, which is an integral part of this document

Introduction

This document is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100

The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered is as indicated in the scope of this document

When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the other standards, for machines which have been built and designed to the provisions of this type C standard

1 Scope

This clause of Part 1 is replaced by the following

This European Standard specifies safety requirements and their verification for the design and construction of pedestrian controlled walk-behind mains operated scarifiers and aerators, hereinafter

referred to as ‘machine(s)’, which are designed for re-generating lawns by, for instance, combing out grass, thatch and moss or cutting vertically into the lawn face using tines which rotate about a

horizontal axis This standard applies in conjunction with Part 1

NOTE 1 Lawn scarifiers are also known as lawn rakes.

This European Standard does not apply to non-powered scarifiers and aerators, battery powered scarifiers and aerators, vertical axis scarifiers and aerators or those aerators which cut into the soil by means of a reciprocating motion and ride-on machines

This European Standard does not apply to

– lawnmowers (EN 60335-2-77);

– lawn trimmers (EN 60335-2-91);

– lawn edge trimmers (EN 60335-2-91);

– lawn edgers, flail mowers, sickle-bar mowers or agricultural mowers

This European Standard is not applicable to aerators/scarifiers which are manufactured before the date of publication of this document

This European Standard deals with all the significant hazards presented by pedestrian-controlled lawn scarifiers and lawn aerators when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse

which are reasonably foreseeable

NOTE 2 Combustion engine machines are covered by EN 13684

EN ISO 2758:2003, Paper  Determination of bursting strength (ISO 2758:2001)

EN ISO 3744:2010, Acoustics  Determination of sound power levels and sound energy levels of

noise sources using sound pressure  Engineering methods for an essentially free field over a reflecting plane (ISO 3744:2010)

EN ISO 4871:2009, Acoustics  Declaration and verification of noise emission values of machinery and equipment (ISO 4871:1996)

EN ISO 11201:2010, Acoustics  Noise emitted by machinery and equipment  Determination of

emission sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions in an essentially free field over a reflecting plane with negligible environmental corrections (ISO 11201:2010)

EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery  General principles for design  Risk assessment and

risk reduction (ISO 12100:2010)

EN ISO 13857:2008, Safety of machinery  Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached

by upper and lower limbs (ISO 13857:2008)

EN ISO 20643:2008; Mechanical vibration  Hand-held and hand-guided machinery  Principles for

evaluation of vibration emission (ISO 20643:2005)

3 Terms and definitions

This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows

3.1.9 Replacement:

3.1.9

normal operation

operation of the machine under the following conditions: the machine is operated at rated voltage

with the load necessary to attain rated power input

extension of the tine enclosure from the discharge opening, generally used to control the discharge

of material from the tines

denotes throwing out grass, thatch and moss so that they will be collected in a catcher which is

located in front of the tines

b) rear discharge

denotes throwing out grass, thatch and moss so that they will be collected in a catcher which is

located behind the tines

3.106

guard

part of the machine or component incorporated to provide protection for the operator and/or bystander

by means of a physical barrier

maximum operating motor speed

highest motor speed obtainable when the motor is adjusted in accordance with the instructions, with the tines engaged

3.113

operator control

any control requiring the operator’s actuation to perform specific functions

3.114

operator presence control

control designed so that it will automatically interrupt power to a drive when the operator's actuating

device incorporated into the machine which, when operated, prevents the machine from moving from

a stationary position and remains applied without the operator present

3.117

pedestrian-controlled

ground-supported, controlled by an operator walking behind

tine tip circle

path described by the outermost point of the tine as it rotates about its shaft axis

This clause of Part 1 is applicable

5 General conditions for the tests

This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows

5.2 Addition:

Tests carried out in Clauses 20 and 21 require a new machine for each test If testing requires the same test to be carried out on the machine for different functions a new machine shall be used for each test

6 Classification

This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows

6.1 Replacement:

Machines shall be of class II with respect to protection against electric shock

Compliance is checked by inspection and by the relevant tests

6.2 Addition:

Machines shall be at least IPX4

7 Marking and instructions

This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows

7.1 Addition:

The machines shall be marked with the following minimum information:

– business name and full address of the manufacturer and, where applicable his authorized representative;

– designation of the machine,

designation of machine may be achieved by a combination of letters and/or numbers The designation may be provided in the form of a code, providing that this code is explained by giving the explicit designation such as “scarifiers” or “aerators”, etc in the instructions supplied with the machine;

NOTE 1 An example of such code is “A123B”

– year of construction, that is the year in which the manufacturing process is completed;

– designation of series or type,

allowing the technical identification of the product This may be achieved by a combination of letters and/or numbers and may be combined with the designation of machine;

NOTE 2 The term “designation of series or type” is also known as model number

– serial number, if any;

– rated power in watts or rated current in amperes;

– guards designed to be opened or removed shall have a sign warning of the relevant hazard visible on the machine both when the guard is closed and when it is opened or removed;

– controls which may give rise to a hazard (e.g operator presence control for the tines) when

operated shall be marked or so placed as to indicate clearly which part of the machine they control;

– mandatory markings;

NOTE 3 For machines and their related products intended to be put on the market in the EEA, CE-marking as defined in the applicable European Directive(s), e.g the Machinery Directive

Where replaceable during normal use, except for spring type tines, the tines shall be marked to

identify the part number(s) and the manufacturer, importer or supplier

Marking giving warning information shall be easily legible and located as close as practicable to the relevant hazard

The substance of the following warnings shall be placed in a prominent position on the machine: – WARNING – Read user instructions;

– WARNING – Beware of sharp tines, keep fingers and toes away Remove plug from mains

before maintenance, adjusting, cleaning or if the cord is entangled or damaged;

– Tines continue to rotate after the motor is switched off;

– Keep flexible cord away from the tines;

– Keep bystanders away,

and as appropriate to the machine design:

– Wear eye and/or ear protection

If a pictogram is used it shall be that shown in Annex AA It shall be in contrasting colours to the base material If it is embossed, stamped or cast colours are not required Markings or safety signs giving cautionary information shall be located close to the hazard

Compliance shall be checked by inspection

This instruction manual shall include:

a) a repeat of those warnings required to be marked on the machine together with further explanation, where appropriate Where safety signs are used in the marking on the machine, their function shall be explained;

b) a warning to never allow children, persons with reduced physical, sensory or mental capabilities or lack of experience and knowledge or people unfamiliar with these instructions to use the machine, local regulations may restrict the age of the operator;

c) a warning to never operate the machine while people, especially children, or pets are nearby; d) a general description of the machine, the intended use, instructions for the proper use of the machine including advice on what the machine should be used for, how to use it for the intended purpose(s) and any reasonably foreseeable misuse thereof;

e) warnings concerning ways - that experience has shown might occur - in which the machinery shall not be used;

f) instructions for the proper assembly and disassembly of the machine for use, if the machine is not supplied in a completely assembled form;

g) instructions for proper adjustment and any necessary user maintenance of the machine, including timescales and a warning of the danger of moving hazardous parts;

h) instructions for the recommended replacement or repair of, or service attention to, critical components; where parts are consumable, the part number of the spare part shall be specified;

i) instructions on the operation of all controls;

j) information how to start the machine safely, especially with a view to necessary tilting of the machine and keeping both hands in the operating position before returning the machine to the ground;

k) instructions for the operating position and the correct and safe operation of the machine such as moving, safe positioning, handling, clearing blockages and keeping the discharge chute clear of processed material for use, preparation, maintenance and storage of the machine;

l) an advice to not overreach and to keep the balance at all times, to always be sure of the footing

on slopes and to walk, never run;

m) a warning not to touch moving hazardous parts before the machine is disconnected from the mains and the moving hazardous parts have come to a complete stop;

n) an advice on the use, length and type of extension cords to be used (not lighter than required by 25.7);

o) if a collecting facility is provided with the machine, instructions for when and how to attach and detach the collection device to and from the machine;

p) information about the residual risks that remain despite the inherent safe design measures, safeguarding and complementary protective measures adopted;

q) instructions to always wear substantial footwear and long trousers while operating the machine;

r) instructions to disconnect the supply (e.g remove the plug from the mains or remove the disabling device)

1) whenever the machine is left by the user;

2) before clearing a blockage;

3) before checking, cleaning or working on the machine;

4) after striking a foreign object to inspect the machine for damage;

5) if the machine starts to vibrate abnormally, for immediately check;

s) instructions when, where and how to inspect the machine, the supply and extension cord for signs

of damage or ageing and, if permitted, how to make repairs;

t) a warning never to operate the machine with defective guards or shields, or without safety devices, or if the cord is damaged or worn;

u) an advice not to connect a damaged cord to the supply or touch a damaged cord before it is disconnected from the supply for the reason that damaged cords can lead to contact with live parts;

v) an advice to keep extension cords away from moving hazardous parts to avoid damages to the cords which can lead to contact with live parts;

w) the operating method to be followed in the event of accident or breakdown;

x) instructions how to disconnect the machine from the mains, if the cord becomes damaged or entangled during use;

z) information about airborne noise emissions of the machine according to Annex DD, this includes:

1) the A-weighted emission sound pressure level at the operator position as determined according to Annex DD, where this exceeds 70 dB(A); where this level does not exceed

70 dB(A), this fact shall be indicated;

2) the A-weighted sound power level emitted by the machinery as determined according to Annex DD;

3) the uncertainties surrounding the determined noise emission values according to Annex DD; aa) the vibration total value to which the hands are subjected as determined according to Annex CC, where this exceeds 2,5 m/s²; where this level does not exceed 2,5 m/s², this fact shall be indicated;

bb) the uncertainty of measurement for vibration value;

cc) instructions how to proceed in case of abnormal vibrations;

dd) mass in kilograms

NOTE Examples of safety instructions are given Annex BB

Compliance shall be checked by inspection

7.12.1 This clause of Part 1 is applicable

7.12.5 to 7.12.6 These clauses of Part 1 are applicable

8 Protection against access to live parts

This clause of Part 1 is applicable

9 Starting of motor-operated appliances

This clause of Part 1 is replaced by the following

Motors shall start under all normal voltage conditions which may occur in use

In all cases, the machine shall operate and overload protection devices incorporated in the machine shall not activate Centrifugal and other automatic starting switches, if any, shall operate reliably, and without contact chattering

Compliance is checked by starting the machine three times, at no-load, at a voltage equal to 0,85 times rated voltage or the lower limit of the rated voltage range, with any control device set at

maximum speed

For the test the tines are raised so that they are not in contact with any surface

The machine shall operate in such a way that safety is not affected

10 Power input and current

This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows

10.1 This clause of Part 1 is not applicable

11 Heating

This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows:

11.5 Addition:

The machine shall be operated at rated voltage and rated current or rated power input until a

steady state is reached The torque being applied shall be measured When tested by 0,94 and 1,06 times rated voltage the previously determined torque shall be maintained

12 Void

13 Leakage current and electric strength at operating temperature

This clause of Part 1 is applicable

Air filters are not removed

16 Leakage current and electric strength

This clause of Part 1 is applicable

17 Overload protection of transformers and associated circuits

This clause of Part 1 is applicable

18 Endurance

This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows

18.101 Machines shall be so constructed that, in normal use, there will be no electrical or

mechanical failure that might impair compliance with this standard The insulation shall not be damaged, and contacts and connections shall not have worked loose as a result of heating, vibration, etc

Moreover, overload devices shall not operate under normal running conditions

Compliance is checked by the tests of Clause 18.102

18.102 The machine is operated at no load, series motors being supplied at a voltage such that the

rotating speed is the same as that obtained at rated voltage and under normal operation The

machine is operated for 48 h, reduced by the running time necessary for the tests of Clauses 11 and

18.103 During the tests of Clause 18.102, overload protective devices shall not operate

After the tests of Clause 18.102 the machine shall withstand the tests of Clause 16 Connections, handles, guards, brush-caps and other fittings or components shall not have worked loose, and there shall be no deterioration impairing safety

19 Abnormal operation

This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows

19.7 Addition:

This test is only conducted on machines with fixed or rigid tines

19.9 This clause of Part 1 is not applicable

20 Stability and mechanical hazards

This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows

All apertures and safety distances shall conform to the relevant clauses of EN ISO 13857:2008

Rotating covers or discs shall have a continuous unbroken or smooth surface

Where a guard is designed to be opened or removed, thereby exposing a hazard, a safety sign warning of the hazard shall be located on the guard or adjacent to the guard

All guards shall be permanently attached to the machine and shall not be detachable without the use

of tools The opening of guards shall require the use of a tool An exceptions to this is the opening of

automatically closing hinged guards for discharge chutes

Fixed guards that the user is instructed to remove for regular maintenance shall have their fixing means retained on either the guard or the body of the machine

Compliance is checked by inspection and measurement

20.101 Power driven components

All power driven components except the tines and the ground-contacting parts of controlled machines with traction drive shall be guarded to prevent contact with these parts during normal operation

pedestrian-All openings and safety distances shall conform to 4.5.2 and 4.5.3 of EN ISO 13857:2008 unless otherwise specified in this standard

Guards shall be provided to prevent accidental contact with hazardous servicing points when the machine is serviced

Compliance is checked by inspection

20.102 Guard attachment

All guards shall be permanently attached to the machine and shall not be detachable without the use

of tools and shall withstand a force of 75 N in any direction

The opening of guards, except for the following, shall require the use of a tool:

– the opening of removable interlocked guards which disable the protected moving parts;

– the opening of hinged, automatically closing guards for debris discharge chutes

Compliance is checked by inspection

20.103 Controls

20.103.1 General

Except as indicated in the following list, controls shall be located within, and have a range of

movement which remains within the anthropometric dimensions given for the operator zone 1 in Figure 105:

– controls for setting the depth of penetration of the tines;

– catcher discharge arrangements;

The operating range of controls that do not require sustained manual actuation may be extended by

allowing the operator’s trunk, when standing with both feet on the ground, to articulate within the confines of the operator zone 2 (e.g lean forward until contacting the handle in any of the operating

positions) The control for lifting the tines off the ground for transportation reasons is regarded to be

such a control

If the control for lifting the tines off the ground for transportation is foot operated it shall be ≤ 450 mm

in front of the handle, measured horizontally from the rearmost point of the handle If the handle is adjustable the ≤ 450 mm dimension shall apply for all positions of the handle

It shall not be possible to sustain a motor speed greater than the maximum operating motor speed

by use of any control or by simple adjustments made by using standard tools

On machines with traction drive it shall be possible to engage or disengage the traction drive when

the tines are operating

Compliance shall be checked by inspection

20.103.2 Operator presence control

Machines shall be fitted with a device on the control handle, which will automatically stop tine rotation

when the operator’s hands are removed from the handle This may be accomplished, for example, either by stopping the drive motor or by an intermediate tine clutch mechanism

For restarting tine rotation, the control shall require two separate actions If these actions are to be

carried out by using the same hand then the actions shall be separate and dissimilar in order to prevent accidental “switch on”

Compliance shall be checked by inspection

20.103.3 Traction drive

The control for traction drive shall automatically stop or disengage the traction drive when the

operator's hands are removed from the handle

The reverse function of the traction drive control shall require continuous activation in the direction

of travel to drive It shall not be possible to drive the tines when the traction drive is in reverse

Compliance shall be checked by inspection

20.103.4 Tines

Machines that have a designated position that raises the tines such that they are not in contact with

the ground shall be provided with a means to prevent unintentional contact with the rotating tines

This shall be achieved by one of the following three options:

a) it shall not be possible to raise the tines into a transport position unless the tines are stopped,

and it shall not be possible to engage the drive to the tines when the machine is in the transport

position (i.e the tines are not in contact with the ground); or

b) the tines shall stop within 3 s of the operator presence control being released; or

c) the tine enclosure shall prevent inadvertent foot contact by the operator

Compliance shall be checked for a) by inspection, for b) by measurement and for c) by the foot probe test of Clause 20.109

NOTE The requirements for stopping time test are not included in this standard and can be found in EN 60335-2-77

20.104 Heavy machines – Test method

Heavy machines are required to have a service and parking brake system

Compliance is checked by measurement and the following test

A service and parking brake system is required on machines with a mass greater than 63 kg

NOTE The requirements for service and parking brakes for heavy machines are not included in this standard and can be

found in ISO 5395-2

20.105 Vibration reduction

20.105.1 Reduction by design and protective measures

The machine shall be designed to generate a vibration level as low as practicable The main sources causing vibration are

– the oscillating forces from the motor,

– the tine assembly,

– the unbalanced moving parts,

– the impact in gears, bearings and other mechanisms,

– the interaction between operator, machine and material being worked,

– the machine design related to mobility,

– the travelling surface, speed, tyre pressure

Besides the vibration reduction of the source, technical measures to isolate the vibration source from the handle may be used, when appropriate, such as isolators and resonating masses

NOTE CR 1030-1:1995 gives general technical information on widely recognized technical rules and means to be followed in the design of machines for low hand-arm vibration solutions

20.105.2 Reduction by information

After taking possible technical measures for vibration reduction, when appropriate, the instruction manual shall recommend

– the use of low-vibration operating modes, and/or limited time of operation,

– wearing of personal protection equipment (PPE)

20.105.3 Vibration measurement

For the measurement of hand-arm vibration the methods given in Annex CC may be used

20.106 Noise reduction

20.106.1 Reduction at source by design and by protective measures

Noise reduction shall be an integral part of the design process thus specifically taking into account measures at source The success of the applied noise reduction measures are assessed on the basis

of the actual noise emission values (see Annex DD)

The main sources causing noise are:

– air intake system,

– scarifying and aerating system,

– vibrating surfaces

NOTE EN ISO 11688-1:1998 gives general technical information on widely recognized technical rules and means to be followed in the design of low-noise machines

20.106.2 Reduction by information

If after taking all possible technical measures for reducing noise at the design stage a manufacturer considers that further protection of the operator is necessary, then the instruction handbook shall: – recommend the use of low-noise operating modes, and/or limited time of operation,

– give a warning of hazardous noise levels and recommend the use of hearing protection

20.106.3 Verification of requirements on noise – Noise measurement

The determination of the sound power level and of the emission sound pressure level at the operator's position shall be carried out using the measurement methods given in Annex DD

20.107 General construction – Guarding

20.107.1 Tines shall be guarded on both sides and from front and rear, so that it is not possible for a

vertical test rod 50 mm in diameter and 500 mm in length, with its lower end in contact with the ground (supporting surface), to approach any portion of the tines within 10 mm when any catcher has been

removed (see Figure 106)

20.107.2 Tines shall be covered at the sides with guards extending at least as shown in Figure 107

With the guard’s edge - from the middle of the tines to the rear - parallel to the ground, the following

shall be:

- max angle at the front opening: 15 °

- the contour 10 mm greater than the tines’ radius

- max distance from the lower guard edge to the ground: max penetration depth (a) plus

25 mm in maximum

20.107.3 Tines of rear discharge machines shall be covered from above with a guard that extends

so that its projection on the horizontal plane covers at least the projection of the tines on the same

horizontal plane, when any catcher has been removed See Figure 108

When the catcher is not fitted to the machine, protection in accordance with Clause 20.107.4 shall be

provided If the full guard less 25 mm maximum height option is chosen the requirement shall be

achieved by a self-closing guard

Compliance is checked by inspection

20.107.4 Tines of front discharge machines shall be covered from the rear with a guard that

extends so that its projection on the vertical plane covers at least the projection of the tines on the

same vertical plane, less up to 25 mm (see Figure 109) or the operator shall be protected against foot contact with the tines from the rear of the machine by complying with the foot probe test of Clause

20.109

Compliance with the requirements of Clause 20.107 shall be checked by inspection and measurement

by the foot probe test of Clause 20.109

On single-axle machines the end of the handle adjacent to the operator shall be at least 600 mm horizontally behind the rear vertical tangent of the tine assembly when the grip of the handle is at a

height of 900 mm above the ground (see Figure 102), or the requirements of the foot probe test of Clause 20.109 shall be fulfilled

On machines other than single-axle machines, the end of the handle adjacent to the operator shall be either at least 450 mm horizontally behind the rear vertical tangent of the tine assembly (see

Figure 101), or the requirements of the foot probe test below shall be fulfilled

For a freely pivoting handle, if a handle park position is provided, the handle shall automatically lock back into an operating position when the handle is moved into this position

For easier storage, handles may be unlatched or folded up

Compliance shall be checked by inspection and measurement and, if necessary by the foot probe test

of Clause 20.109

20.109 Foot probe test

The machine shall be placed on a hard flat surface The guards or deflectors or both shall be in the

normal operating position on the tine housing and the support members (wheels) shall be in contact

with the supporting surface The test shall be conducted under static conditions

For single axle machines the test shall be made with the hand grip(s) 900 mm above the ground as shown in Figure 102 and if the tines can be adjusted they shall be tested at the highest and lowest working positions

For other machines the tests shall be made with the tines in the highest and lowest cutting positions

Compliance is checked by the following test

The test fixture shall be a foot probe as specified in Figure 103 The base of the test probe shall be held horizontally at any height and then inclined up to 15° forward or backward from the horizontal The test probe shall be applied at any point of the rear of the housing with a force of 20 N or until the housing or guard moves from its original position, whichever occurs first

The test probe shall not enter the path of the tine assembly

20.110 Thrown object hazard

20.110.1 General

Scarifiers with flail or rigid tines shall be so constructed to provide in intended use adequate

protection against risk of injury to the operator from foreign objects that may be thrown out by the rotating tines

20.110.2 Thrown object test

20.110.2.1 Test personnel

Test personnel should either be kept out of the test area or otherwise protected from the hazards resulting from the following test

20.110.2.2 Test equipment

The machine shall be tested on a test installation as shown in Figure 110

The drawer shall consist of a rigid waterproof material (e.g plastics) and the bottom of the inside of the drawer shall have a coarse surface to avoid movement of the sand-gravel-mixture when the

drawer moves towards the machine The width of the drawer shall be at least equal to the width of cut

A uniform sand-gravel-mixture shall be made up by volume of ½ building sand and ½ smooth gravel (pebbles) of grain size between 8 mm and 16 mm The mixture shall be dampened just sufficiently to ensure that the mixture does not separate during the test It shall be kept damp during the test(s)

A single thickness of Kraft paper 1 000 mm wide x 2 000 mm high with nominal 225 g/m² construction, according to EN ISO 2758:2003, shall be affixed to a frame and used as target panel for the operator area and shall be placed behind and in contact with the end of the handle (handle bar grips) and perpendicular to the base The lower edge of the target panel shall be at the height of the wheel's supporting surface The target panel shall be divided by a horizontal line into a lower zone which reaches up to 450 mm from the lower edge and a higher zone which is above 450 mm

20.110.2.3 Test method

The machine shall be tested in all operational configurations (e.g with and without catcher) and the tines (set to the highest speed) shall be operated at the maximum operating motor speed

The handle(s) of the machine shall be set such that the horizontal distance from the rear of the handle

to the tine assembly is a minimum For single axle machines the handle grip height shall be fixed at

900 mm above the ground

The sand-gravel-mixture shall be placed in the drawer and be lightly compressed and flattened to a height of (18 ± 1) mm

The wheels of the machine shall be restrained on supporting cover plates In this position the tines

shall be set to penetrate the surface of the sand-gravel-mixture to a depth of 10 mm or at the next deepest setting For single axle machines the machine ground supports may be lowered to achieve (10 ± 1) mm penetration

The sand/gravel mixture in the drawer shall be moved once from the front towards the rear of the machine into the rotating tines for a distance equal to the diameter of the tine tip circle The speed of

movement of the drawer shall be (1 ± 0,5) m/s

20.110.3 Test results

Holes in the target panel shall be regarded as a hit and shall be scored A nominal 10 mm diameter

steel ball (as used for ball bearings) shall be applied with a force of (3 ± 0,3) N perpendicular to the target material If it passes through the target panel a hit has occurred

20.110.4 Test acceptance (pass/fail criteria)

There shall be not more than five hits in the target panel between the lower edge of the target panel

and the 450 mm line (lower zone) There shall be no hits above the 450 mm line (higher zone)

20.110.5 Additional testing

In case of a failure, two additional tests shall be conducted These additional tests shall either be carried out on the existing machine or, at the option of the manufacturer; new identical machines shall

be tested New sand-gravel-mixture shall be used for each test

If either of the additional tests is failed, the model shall have failed the test

Guards and their mountings shall have adequate strength to withstand impact with solid objects

The following test shall be carried out on the guard when the temperature of the parts to be tested has

stabilised to an ambient temperature of (20 ± 3) °C After the test the guard shall not have become

detached nor show any visible cracks Screws and retaining clips shall be secure and the requirements of Clauses 20.107.1, 20.107.2 and 20.107.3 shall still be met

Each of three samples of the complete machine shall be subjected to an impact of (6,5 ± 0,2) J on a part of the guard likely to be the weakest, with the machine resting on a smooth, rigid, level surface

The tests shall be so conducted that in each test the sample receives an impact in a location different from the other two tests

The impact shall be produced with a smooth solid steel sphere (as used for ball bearings) having a diameter of 50 mm If the part being tested is at an angle of up to 45° to the horizontal, the sphere shall be allowed to fall vertically from rest to strike the part Otherwise, the sphere shall be suspended

by a cord and shall be allowed to fall from rest as a pendulum to strike the part In either case, the vertical travel of the sphere shall be 1,3 m

21.102 Strength of tines and tine mountings

Tines and their mountings shall have adequate strength to withstand impact with solid objects

Compliance shall be checked by the following test Test personnel should either be kept out of the test area or otherwise protected from the hazards resulting from the following test

The test shall be done at the maximum operating motor speed, with the tine drive engaged and

shall be carried out on all tine assemblies

The machine shall be mounted on a flat, horizontal surface The handle of the machine shall be restrained elastically Single-axle machines shall be positioned so that the handle grip is 900 mm above the level of the mounting surface

The mounting of the machine shall allow for an upward movement of the machine

A steel plate 8 mm thick, 400 mm long and wide enough to hit all of the tines of the tine assemblies at

one pass shall be mounted on the upper surface of a carriage which is located at the tine tip circle of

the machine (see Figure 104) The carriage shall be pulled centrally under the tine assembly from the

front of the machine toward the rear The speed of the pull shall be 1 m/s ± 5 % The test is then repeated with the carriage being pulled under the tine assembly from the rear towards the front

During the test, no complete tine or parts thereof shall break off and there shall be no visible cracks

Chipping of tines or breakage of parts intended to break such as shearing pins shall not be

considered a failure The tines need not be suitable for further use after the test Ejection of small

chips of machine parts not exceeding 2 g shall be ignored

For class II machines:

Handles and operator controls which are held when operating the machine shall either be of

insulating material or covered by insulating material having a thickness of at least 1 mm, or separated

by insulation equivalent to supplementary insulation from other accessible metal parts

Handle shafts shall be:

a) of insulating material, or,

b) if not of insulating material, covered with insulating material having a thickness of at least 1 mm which extends for a distance of 150 mm from handles and handle mounted operator controls

and by insulation equivalent to supplementary insulation from other accessible metal parts

which are within 75 mm of the ground measured as a clearance or from accessible metal parts connected to such parts

Cable restraints/guides are not considered to be operator controls

Compliance is checked by inspection, by measurement and, for the covering of insulating material on handles, operator controls and handle shafts, by the following tests

A sample of the covered part is conditioned at a temperature of 70 °C ± 2 °C for 7 days (168 h) After conditioning, the sample is allowed to attain approximately room temperature

Inspection shall show that the covering has not shrunk to such an extent that the required length of

150 mm or the required insulation is no longer given, or that the covering has not peeled off and that it may move longitudinally

After this, the sample is maintained for 4 h at a temperature of -10 °C ± 2 °C

While still at this temperature, the sample is then subjected to impact by means of the apparatus shown in Figure 111 The weight A having a mass of 300 g falls from a height of 350 mm onto the chisel B of hardened steel, the edge of which is placed on the sample

One impact is applied to each place where the covering is likely to be weak or damaged in intended use, the distance between the points of impact being at least 10 mm

After this test, inspection shall show that the covering has not peeled off and an electric strength test is made between metal parts and metal foil wrapped round the covering in the area required to be insulated

The test voltage of 1 750 V is applied for 1 min

During this test, no flashover or breakdown shall occur

22.36 This subclause does not apply

22.101 Machines shall be provided with a means such that damage to the supply cable due to

movement of the machine is prevented as far as possible The means provided shall be re-usable

This requirement is considered to be met by, for example,

– a cable-retaining device to keep the cable out of the vicinity of the tines, to which the cable may

be adequately fastened, or

– the supply cable entry or attachment being at least 0,6 m from the nearest point of the tines

Compliance is checked by inspection and by the following test procedure, except for automatic cord reel-in devices

The supply cable as delivered with the machine is attached to the cable-retaining device in accordance with the instruction manual The supply cord is then subjected 10 times to a pull of

100 N, the pull being applied in the most unfavourable direction, without jerks, for 1 s

After the test the power supply cord shall show no damage within the meaning of this standard and it

shall not have been displaced longitudinally, in the device, by more than 2 mm

22.102 Air filters which can be removed for cleaning purposes shall be so designed that they are

unlikely to come off during use

This requirement is met if, for example, the air filter

– can only be removed with the aid of a tool, or

– is provided with a spring that prevents it from falling away, during use, due to vibration, or

– needs a deliberate action of the user for its removal

Compliance is checked by inspection

25 Supply connection and external flexible cords

This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows

25.1 Replacement:

Machines shall be provided with a supply cord or a machine inlet

Machine inlets shall not allow the introduction of a connector complying with the standard sheets of

EN 60320 series except EN 60320-2-3

Compliance is checked by inspection

25.5 Replacement:

Machines shall be provided with one of the following:

– a supply cord not less than 10 m in length with type X attachment, or

– a supply cord of length not exceeding 0,5 m with type X or Y attachment and terminating in a

cable coupler or,

– a machine inlet

Compliance is checked by inspection

25.7 Modification:

Replace the first paragraph by the following:

Supply cords shall not be lighter than

– if rubber insulated, ordinary tough rubber sheathed flexible cord (code designation HO5 RN-F); – if polyvinyl chloride insulated, ordinary polyvinyl chloride sheathed flexible cord (code designation HO5 VV-F)

25.14 Addition:

This requirement also applies to external cables or cords where, because of the design of the machine, there is relative movement of more than 45° of the cable or cord at its point of entry into an enclosure

25.15 Addition:

This requirement applies to all accessible cables or cords

Replace the fourth paragraph:

A mark shall be made on the cord on the machine side of the cord anchorage while it is subject to the pull force shown in Table 12, at a distance of approximately 2 cm from the cord anchorage or other suitable point If access to the machine side of the cord anchorage is not practicable then the mark shall be made on the supply side of the anchorage and it shall be ensured that the pull force is applied

to the cord in such a way that, at the point of application of the force, the sheath of the cord does not move with respect to the conductors or their insulation

25.15 Modification of Table 12, column 2, rows 3, 4 and 5:

The pull force on the supply cord shall be 150 N

26 Terminals for external conductors

This clause of Part 1 is applicable

27 Provision for earthing

This clause of Part 1 is applicable

28 Screws and connections

This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows

28.1 Addition:

Screws or nuts for fastening the tines may be of insulating material or covered with insulating material,

provided they cannot be replaced by readily available metal screws or nuts

29 Clearances, creepage distances and solid insulation

This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows

29.2 Addition:

Pollution degree 3 applies to this machine

30 Resistance to heat and fire

This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows

30.2.3 Not applicable

31 Resistance to rusting

This clause of Part 1 is applicable

32 Radiation, toxicity and similar hazards

This clause of Part 1 is not applicable

Dimensions in mm

Figure 103  Foot probe

W dimension of steel plate sufficient to make contact with the tines over the full width of the tine assemblies

Figure 104  Strength of tine assembly