Bsi bs en 15804 2012 + a1 2013 (2014)

 defines the parameters to be declared and the way in which they are collated and reported,  describes which stages of a product’s life cycle are considered in the EPD and which proces

BSI Standards Publication

BS EN 15804:2012

Sustainability of construction works — Environmental

product declarations — Core rules for the product category

of construction products

Incorporating corrigendum February 2014

National foreword

This British Standard is the UK implementation of

EN 15804:2012+A1:2013 It supersedes BS EN 15804:2012 which is withdrawn

The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee B/558, Sustainability of construction works

A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained

on request to its secretary

This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions

of a contract Users are responsible for its correct application

© The British Standards Institution 2014

Published by BSI Standards Limited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 82232 2

Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication

28 February 2014 Implementation of CEN correction notice

29 January 2014: Table C.5 and A1 amendment text

declarations - Core rules for the product category of construction

products

Contribution des ouvrages de construction au

développement durable - Déclarations environnementales

sur les produits - Règles régissant les catégories de

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German) A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,

Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION

C O M I T É E U R O P É E N D E N O R M A L I S A T I O N

E U R O P Ä IS C H E S K O M IT E E FÜ R N O R M U N G

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels

© 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved

Contents

Foreword 4

Introduction 5

1 Scope 6

2 Normative references 6

3 Terms and definitions 7

4 Abbreviations 11

5 General aspects 12

5.1 Objective of the Core PCR 12

5.2 Types of EPD with respect to life cycle stages covered 12

5.3 Comparability of EPD for construction products 15

5.4 Additional information 15

5.5 Ownership, responsibility and liability for the EPD 16

5.6 Communication formats 16

6 Product Category Rules for LCA 16

6.1 Product category 16

6.2 Life cycle stages and their information modules to be included 16

6.2.1 General 16

6.2.2 A1-A3, Product stage, information modules 16

6.2.3 A4-A5, Construction process stage, information modules 16

6.2.4 B1-B5, Use stage, information modules related to the building fabric 17

6.2.5 B6-B7, use stage, information modules related to the operation of the building 17

6.2.6 C1-C4 End-of-life stage, information modules 17

6.2.7 D, Benefits and loads beyond the system boundary, information module 17

6.3 Calculation rules for the LCA 18

6.3.1 Functional unit 18

6.3.2 Declared unit 18

6.3.3 Reference service life (RSL) 19

6.3.4 System boundaries 19

6.3.5 Criteria for the exclusion of inputs and outputs 25

6.3.6 Selection of data 26

6.3.7 Data quality requirements 26

6.3.8 Developing product level scenarios 27

6.3.9 Units 27

6.4 Inventory analysis 28

6.4.1 Collecting data 28

6.4.2 Calculation procedures 28

6.4.3 Allocation of input flows and output emissions 28

6.5 Impact assessment 30

7 Content of the EPD 30

7.1 Declaration of general information 30

7.2 Declaration of environmental parameters derived from LCA 32

7.2.1 General 32

7.2.2 Rules for declaring LCA information per module 32

7.2.3 Parameters describing environmental impacts 32

7.2.4 Parameters describing resource use 33

7.2.5 Other environmental information describing different waste categories and output flows 34

7.3 Scenarios and additional technical information 35

7.3.1 General 35

EN 15804:2012+A1:2013 (E)

Foreword 4

Introduction 5

1 Scope 6

2 Normative references 6

3 Terms and definitions 7

4 Abbreviations 11

5 General aspects 12

5.1 Objective of the Core PCR 12

5.2 Types of EPD with respect to life cycle stages covered 12

5.3 Comparability of EPD for construction products 15

5.4 Additional information 15

5.5 Ownership, responsibility and liability for the EPD 16

5.6 Communication formats 16

6 Product Category Rules for LCA 16

6.1 Product category 16

6.2 Life cycle stages and their information modules to be included 16

6.2.1 General 16

6.2.2 A1-A3, Product stage, information modules 16

6.2.3 A4-A5, Construction process stage, information modules 16

6.2.4 B1-B5, Use stage, information modules related to the building fabric 17

6.2.5 B6-B7, use stage, information modules related to the operation of the building 17

6.2.6 C1-C4 End-of-life stage, information modules 17

6.2.7 D, Benefits and loads beyond the system boundary, information module 17

6.3 Calculation rules for the LCA 18

6.3.1 Functional unit 18

6.3.2 Declared unit 18

6.3.3 Reference service life (RSL) 19

6.3.4 System boundaries 19

6.3.5 Criteria for the exclusion of inputs and outputs 25

6.3.6 Selection of data 26

6.3.7 Data quality requirements 26

6.3.8 Developing product level scenarios 27

6.3.9 Units 27

6.4 Inventory analysis 28

6.4.1 Collecting data 28

6.4.2 Calculation procedures 28

6.4.3 Allocation of input flows and output emissions 28

6.5 Impact assessment 30

7 Content of the EPD 30

7.1 Declaration of general information 30

7.2 Declaration of environmental parameters derived from LCA 32

7.2.1 General 32

7.2.2 Rules for declaring LCA information per module 32

7.2.3 Parameters describing environmental impacts 32

7.2.4 Parameters describing resource use 33

7.2.5 Other environmental information describing different waste categories and output flows 34

7.3 Scenarios and additional technical information 35

7.3.1 General 35

EN 15804:2012+A1:2013 (E)

7.3.3 B1-B7 use stage 37

7.3.4 End-of-life 40

7.4 Additional information on release of dangerous substances to indoor air, soil and water during the use stage 41

7.4.1 Indoor air 41

7.4.2 Soil and water 41

7.5 Aggregation of information modules 41

8 Project report 41

8.1 General 41

8.2 LCA-related elements of the project report 42

8.3 Documentation on additional information 43

8.4 Data availability for verification 43

9 Verification and validity of an EPD 44

Annex A (normative) Requirements and guidance on the reference service life 45

Annex B (informative) Waste 48

B.1 End-of-waste 48

B.2 Properties of hazardous waste for Table 5 48

!Annex C (normative)" Characterisation factors for GWP, ODP, AP, EP, POCP and ADP 49

Bibliography 65

Foreword

This document (EN 15804:2012+A1:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 350

“Sustainability of construction works”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR

This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2014, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2014

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights This document supersedes EN 15804:2012

This document includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 2013-09-10

The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags !"

According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom

EN 15804:2012+A1:2013 (E)

Foreword

This document (EN 15804:2012+A1:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 350

“Sustainability of construction works”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR

This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical

text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2014, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the

latest by May 2014

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent

rights CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights

This document supersedes EN 15804:2012

This document includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 2013-09-10

The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags !"

According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following

countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech

Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece,

Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,

Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom

EN 15804:2012+A1:2013 (E)

Introduction

This European standard provides core product category rules for all construction products and services It provides a structure to ensure that all Environmental Product Declarations (EPD) of construction products, construction services and construction processes are derived, verified and presented in a harmonised way

An EPD communicates verifiable, accurate, non-misleading environmental information for products and their applications, thereby supporting scientifically based, fair choices and stimulating the potential for market-driven continuous environmental improvement

The standardisation process has taken place in accordance with EN ISO 14025 All common issues are covered horizontally for all product types in order to minimise vertical (branch specific) deviations

EPD information is expressed in information modules, which allow easy organisation and expression of data packages throughout the life cycle of the product The approach requires that the underlying data should be consistent, reproducible and comparable

The EPD is expressed in a form that allows aggregation (addition) to provide complete information for buildings This standard does not deal with aggregation at the building level nor does this standard describe the rules for applying EPD in a building assessment

The standard deals with a limited number of quantifiable predetermined parameters Future revisions may incorporate additional predetermined parameters

This European Standard provides the means for developing a Type III environmental declaration of construction products and is part of a suite of standards that are intended to assess the sustainability of construction works

This suite of standards includes:

 EN 15643-1, Sustainability of construction works —Sustainability assessment of buildings — Part 1: General framework;

 EN 15643-2, Sustainability of construction works — Assessment of buildings — Part 2: Framework for the assessment of environmental performance;

 EN 15978, Sustainability of construction works — Assessment of environmental performance of buildings

 defines the parameters to be declared and the way in which they are collated and reported,

 describes which stages of a product’s life cycle are considered in the EPD and which processes are to be included in the life cycle stages,

 defines rules for the development of scenarios,

 includes the rules for calculating the Life Cycle Inventory and the Life Cycle Impact Assessment

underlying the EPD, including the specification of the data quality to be applied,

 includes the rules for reporting predetermined, environmental and health information, that is not covered

by LCA for a product, construction process and construction service where necessary,

 defines the conditions under which construction products can be compared based on the information provided by EPD

For the EPD of construction services the same rules and requirements apply as for the EPD of construction products

2 Normative references

The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document For dated references, only the edition cited applies For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies

CEN/TR 15941, Sustainability of construction works — Environmental product declarations — Methodology for selection and use of generic data

EN 15942, Sustainability of construction works — Environmental product declarations — Communication formats: business to business

EN 15978, Sustainability of construction works — Assessment of environmental performance of buildings — Calculation method

EN ISO 14025:2010, Environmental labels and declarations — Type III environmental declarations — Principles and procedures (ISO 14025:2006)

EN ISO 14044:2006, Environmental management — Life cycle assessment — Requirements and guidelines (ISO 14044:2006)

ISO 15686-1, Buildings and constructed assets — Service life planning — Part 1: General principles and framework

ISO 15686-2, Buildings and constructed assets — Service life planning — Part 2: Service life prediction procedures

EN 15804:2012+A1:2013 (E)

1 Scope

This European standard provides core product category rules (PCR) for Type III environmental declarations

for any construction product and construction service

NOTE The assessment of social and economic performances at product level is not covered by this standard

The core PCR:

 defines the parameters to be declared and the way in which they are collated and reported,

 describes which stages of a product’s life cycle are considered in the EPD and which processes are to be

included in the life cycle stages,

 defines rules for the development of scenarios,

 includes the rules for calculating the Life Cycle Inventory and the Life Cycle Impact Assessment

underlying the EPD, including the specification of the data quality to be applied,

 includes the rules for reporting predetermined, environmental and health information, that is not covered

by LCA for a product, construction process and construction service where necessary,

 defines the conditions under which construction products can be compared based on the information

provided by EPD

For the EPD of construction services the same rules and requirements apply as for the EPD of construction

products

2 Normative references

The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document For dated

references, only the edition cited applies For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced

document (including any amendments) applies

CEN/TR 15941, Sustainability of construction works — Environmental product declarations — Methodology

for selection and use of generic data

EN 15942, Sustainability of construction works — Environmental product declarations — Communication

formats: business to business

EN 15978, Sustainability of construction works — Assessment of environmental performance of buildings —

Calculation method

EN ISO 14025:2010, Environmental labels and declarations — Type III environmental declarations —

Principles and procedures (ISO 14025:2006)

EN ISO 14044:2006, Environmental management — Life cycle assessment — Requirements and guidelines

ISO 21930:2007, Sustainability in building construction — Environmental declaration of building products

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply

3.1 additional technical information

information that forms part of the EPD by providing a basis for the development of scenarios

3.2 ancillary material

input material or product that is used by the unit process producing the product, but which does not constitute part of the product

[EN ISO 14040:2006]

3.3 average data

data representative of a product, product group or construction service, provided by more than one supplier

NOTE The product group or construction service can contain similar products or construction services

3.4 comparative assertion

environmental claim regarding the superiority or equivalence of one product versus a competing product that performs the same function

[EN ISO 14044:2006]

3.5 construction product

item manufactured or processed for incorporation in construction works

NOTE 1 Construction products are items supplied by a single responsible body

NOTE 2 Adapted from the definition in ISO 6707-1:2004 according to the recommendation of ISO/TC 59/AHG Terminology

[EN 15643-1:2010]

3.6 construction service

activity that supports the construction process or subsequent maintenance

3.7 co-product

any of two or more marketable materials, products or fuels from the same unit process, but which is not the object of the assessment

NOTE Co-product, by-product and product have the same status and are used for identification of several distinguished flows of products from the same unit process From co-product, by-product and product, waste is the only output to be distinguished as a non-product

3.8

declared unit

quantity of a construction product for use as a reference unit in an EPD for an environmental declaration based on one or more information modules

EXAMPLE Mass (kg), volume (m³)

NOTE Adapted from the definition in !ISO 21930:2007"

quantified functional requirements and/or technical requirements for a building or an assembled system (part

of works) for use as a basis for comparison

NOTE Adapted from the definition in ISO 21931-1:2010

EN 15804:2012+A1:2013 (E)

NOTE Co-product, by-product and product have the same status and are used for identification of several

distinguished flows of products from the same unit process From co-product, by-product and product, waste is the only

output to be distinguished as a non-product

3.8

declared unit

quantity of a construction product for use as a reference unit in an EPD for an environmental declaration

based on one or more information modules

EXAMPLE Mass (kg), volume (m³)

NOTE Adapted from the definition in !ISO 21930:2007"

quantified functional requirements and/or technical requirements for a building or an assembled system (part

of works) for use as a basis for comparison

NOTE Adapted from the definition in ISO 21931-1:2010

compilation of data to be used as a basis for a Type III environmental declaration covering a unit process or a

combination of unit processes that are part of the life cycle of a product

[EN ISO 14025:2010]

3.14

life cycle assessment

LCA

compilation and evaluation of the inputs, outputs and the potential environmental impacts of a product system

throughout its life cycle

[EN ISO 14044:2006]

3.15

life cycle inventory analysis

LCI

phase of life cycle assessment involving the compilation and quantification of inputs and outputs for a product

throughout its life cycle

EN 15804:2012+A1:2013 (E)

[EN ISO 14040:2006]

3.16 non-renewable energy

energy from sources which are not defined as renewable energy sources

3.17 non-renewable resource

resource that exists in a finite amount that cannot be replenished on a human time scale [ISO 21930:2007]

3.18 performance

expression relating to the magnitude of a particular aspect of the object of consideration relative to specified requirements, objectives or targets

NOTE Adapted from the definition in ISO 6707-1:2004 according to the draft recommendation of ISO/TC 59 Terminology

3.19 product category

group of construction products that can fulfil equivalent functions

NOTE Adapted from EN ISO 14025:2010

3.20 product category rules PCR

set of specific rules, requirements and guidelines for developing Type III environmental declarations for one or more product categories

[EN ISO 14025:2010]

3.21 product system

collection of unit processes with elementary and product flows, performing one or more defined functions, and which models the life cycle of a product

[EN ISO 14040:2006]

3.22 programme operator

body or bodies that conduct a Type III environmental declaration programme

NOTE A program operator can be a company or a group of companies, industrial sector or trade association, public authorities or agencies, or an independent scientific body or other organization

3.23 renewable energy

energy from renewable non-fossil sources

EXAMPLES Wind, solar, aerothermal, geothermal, hydrothermal and ocean energy, hydropower, biomass, landfill gas, sewage treatment plant gas and biogases

NOTE Adapted from the definition in Directive 2009/28/EC

3.24

renewable resource

resource that is grown, naturally replenished or naturally cleansed, on a human time scale

NOTE A renewable resource is capable of being exhausted, but may last indefinitely with proper stewardship Examples include: trees in forests, grasses in grassland, fertile soil

fuel recovered from previous use or from waste which substitutes primary fuels

NOTE 1 Processes providing a secondary fuel are considered from the point where the secondary fuel enters the system from the previous system

NOTE 2 Any combustible material recovered from previous use or from waste from the previous product system and used as a fuel in a following system is a secondary fuel

NOTE 3 Examples for primary fuels are: coal, natural gas, biomass, etc

NOTE 4 Examples for secondary fuels recovered from previous use or as waste are: solvents, wood, tyres, oil, animal fats

3.29

secondary material

material recovered from previous use or from waste which substitutes primary materials

NOTE 1 Secondary material is measured at the point where the secondary material enters the system from another system

NOTE 2 Materials recovered from previous use or from waste from one product system and used as an input in another product system are secondary materials

NOTE 3 Examples for secondary materials (to be measured at the system boundary) are recycled scrap metal, crushed concrete, glass cullet, recycled wood chips, recycled plastic

EN 15804:2012+A1:2013 (E)

3.24

renewable resource

resource that is grown, naturally replenished or naturally cleansed, on a human time scale

NOTE A renewable resource is capable of being exhausted, but may last indefinitely with proper stewardship

Examples include: trees in forests, grasses in grassland, fertile soil

[ISO 21930:2007]

3.25

reference service life

RSL

service life of a construction product which is known to be expected under a particular set, i.e., a reference

set, of in-use conditions and which may form the basis of estimating the service life under other in-use

information that includes the reference service life and any qualitative or quantitative data describing the

validity of the reference service life

EXAMPLE Typical data describing the validity of the RSL include the description of the component (3.10) for which it

applies, the reference in-use conditions under which it applies, and its quality

fuel recovered from previous use or from waste which substitutes primary fuels

NOTE 1 Processes providing a secondary fuel are considered from the point where the secondary fuel enters the

system from the previous system

NOTE 2 Any combustible material recovered from previous use or from waste from the previous product system and

used as a fuel in a following system is a secondary fuel

NOTE 3 Examples for primary fuels are: coal, natural gas, biomass, etc

NOTE 4 Examples for secondary fuels recovered from previous use or as waste are: solvents, wood, tyres, oil, animal

fats

3.29

secondary material

material recovered from previous use or from waste which substitutes primary materials

NOTE 1 Secondary material is measured at the point where the secondary material enters the system from another

system

NOTE 2 Materials recovered from previous use or from waste from one product system and used as an input in

another product system are secondary materials

NOTE 3 Examples for secondary materials (to be measured at the system boundary) are recycled scrap metal,

crushed concrete, glass cullet, recycled wood chips, recycled plastic

EN 15804:2012+A1:2013 (E)

3.30 specific data

data representative of a product, product group or construction service, provided by one supplier

3.31 third party

person or body that is recognized as being independent of the parties involved, as concerns the issues in question

NOTE “Parties involved” are usually supplier (“first party”) and purchaser (“second party”) interests

[EN ISO 14024:2000]

3.32 type III environmental declaration

environmental declaration providing quantified environmental data using predetermined parameters and,

where relevant, additional environmental information

NOTE The calculation of predetermined parameters is based on the ISO 14040 series of standards, which is made

up of ISO 14040, and ISO 14044 The selection of the predetermined parameters is based on ISO 21930 (adapted from ISO 14025)

3.33 upstream, downstream process

process(s) that either precedes (upstream) or follows (downstream) a given life cycle stage

3.34 waste

substance or object which the holder discards or intends or is required to discard

NOTE Adapted from the definition in the European Waste Directive 2008/98/EC

3.35 unit process

the smallest element considered in the life cycle inventory analysis for which input and output data are quantified

ESL Estimated service life EPBD Energy performance of buildings directive

!

GWP Global warming potential

ODP Depletion potential of the stratospheric ozone layer

AP Acidification potential of soil and water

EP Eutrophication potential

POCP Formation potential of tropospheric ozone

ADP Abiotic depletion potential"

5 General aspects

5.1 Objective of the Core PCR

An EPD according to this standard provides quantified environmental information for a construction product or service on a harmonized and scientific basis It also provides information on health related emissions to indoor air, soil and water during the use stage of the building The purpose of an EPD in the construction sector is to provide the basis for assessing buildings and other construction works, and identifying those, which cause less stress to the environment

Thus, the objective of the core PCR is to ensure:

 the provision of verifiable and consistent data for an EPD, based on LCA;

 the provision of verifiable and consistent product related technical data or scenarios for the assessment of the environmental performance of buildings;

 the provision of verifiable and consistent product related technical data or scenarios potentially related to the health of users for the assessment of the performance of buildings;

 that comparisons between construction products are carried out in the context of their application in the building;

 the communication of the environmental information of construction products from business to business;

 the basis, subject to additional requirements, for the communication of the environmental information of construction products to consumers

Declarations based on this standard are not comparative assertions

NOTE !See definition 3.4 and ISO 14044:2006, 5.3" for more information concerning LCA used for comparative assertion

5.2 Types of EPD with respect to life cycle stages covered

The LCA based information in an EPD may cover (see Figure 1):

 The product stage only Such an EPD covers raw material supply, transport, manufacturing and

associated processes; this EPD is said to be “cradle to gate” and becomes an EPD based on information modules A1 to A3;

EN 15804:2012+A1:2013 (E)

!

GWP Global warming potential

ODP Depletion potential of the stratospheric ozone layer

AP Acidification potential of soil and water

EP Eutrophication potential

POCP Formation potential of tropospheric ozone

ADP Abiotic depletion potential"

5 General aspects

5.1 Objective of the Core PCR

An EPD according to this standard provides quantified environmental information for a construction product or

service on a harmonized and scientific basis It also provides information on health related emissions to indoor

air, soil and water during the use stage of the building The purpose of an EPD in the construction sector is to

provide the basis for assessing buildings and other construction works, and identifying those, which cause

less stress to the environment

Thus, the objective of the core PCR is to ensure:

 the provision of verifiable and consistent data for an EPD, based on LCA;

 the provision of verifiable and consistent product related technical data or scenarios for the assessment of

the environmental performance of buildings;

 the provision of verifiable and consistent product related technical data or scenarios potentially related to

the health of users for the assessment of the performance of buildings;

 that comparisons between construction products are carried out in the context of their application in the

building;

 the communication of the environmental information of construction products from business to business;

 the basis, subject to additional requirements, for the communication of the environmental information of

construction products to consumers

Declarations based on this standard are not comparative assertions

NOTE !See definition 3.4 and ISO 14044:2006, 5.3" for more information concerning LCA used for comparative

assertion

5.2 Types of EPD with respect to life cycle stages covered

The LCA based information in an EPD may cover (see Figure 1):

 The product stage only Such an EPD covers raw material supply, transport, manufacturing and

associated processes; this EPD is said to be “cradle to gate” and becomes an EPD based on information

modules A1 to A3;

EN 15804:2012+A1:2013 (E)

 The product stage and selected further life cycle stages Such an EPD is said to be “cradle to gate with options” and becomes an EPD based on information modules A1 to A3 plus other selected optional modules, e.g end-of-life information modules C1 to C4 Information module D may be included in this EPD;

 The life cycle of a product according to the system boundary (see 6.3.4) In this case the EPD covers the product stage, installation into the building, use and maintenance, replacements, demolition, waste processing for re-use, recovery, recycling and disposal, and disposal and is said to be 'cradle to grave' and becomes an EPD of construction products based on a LCA, i.e covering all information modules A1 to C4 In this EPD the information module D may be included

NOTE 1 Information modules can supply information for processes for which there is no EPD available, e.g a cleaning process

NOTE 2 An information module may contain: the values of the pre-determined parameters and the technical information underlying their quantification, relevant technical information for further calculation of the environmental performance, scenarios for further calculation of the environmental performance

NOTE 3 It is possible to have an EPD for a substance or preparation (e.g cement), for a product (e.g window), for a construction service (e.g cleaning service as part of maintenance) and for an assemblage of products and/or a construction element (e.g wall) for technical equipment (e.g lift)

5.3 Comparability of EPD for construction products

In principle the comparison of products on the basis of their EPD is defined by the contribution they make to the environmental performance of the building Consequently, comparison of the environmental performance

of construction products using the EPD information shall be based on the product’s use in and its impacts on the building, and shall consider the complete life cycle (all information modules)

NOTE 1 EPD that are not in a building context are not tools to compare construction products and construction services

NOTE 2 For the sustainability assessment of buildings comparisons of the environmental aspects and impacts need to

be undertaken in conjunction with the social and economic aspects and impacts related to the building

NOTE 3 For the interpretation of a comparison, benchmarks or reference values are needed This standard does not set benchmarks or reference values

Comparisons are possible at the sub-building level, e.g for assembled systems, components, products for one or more life cycle stages In such cases the principle that the basis for comparison of the assessment is the entire building, shall be maintained by ensuring that:

 the same functional requirements as defined by legislation or in the client’s brief are met, and

 the environmental performance and technical performance of any assembled systems, components, or products excluded are the same, and

 the amounts of any material excluded are the same, and

 excluded processes or life cycle stages are the same, and

 the influence of the product systems on the operational aspects and impacts of the building are taken into account

The information provided for such comparison shall be transparent to allow the purchaser or user to understand the limitations of comparability A justification shall be given for any excluded aspects

NOTE 4 The difference between two products may be insignificant in the building context

Where an EPD does not cover all life cycle stages relevant for the comparison or if the assumptions underlying the scenario of a declared information module are not applicable in the building context, then investigations will be required to determine the environmental aspects and impacts of specific scenarios for the calculation of modules beyond the cradle to gate modules These calculations shall be based on scenarios and conditions that are appropriate for the building as the object of assessment

5.4 Additional information

In this core PCR the following two categories of information which are not derived from LCA are addressed:

 Additional technical information, describing technical conditions underlying scenarios and characterising the product’s technical and functional performance during the optional life cycle stages "construction, use and the end of life" for any scenario based calculations of the LCA based parameters See 7.3;

 Additional information on emissions to indoor air, soil and water during the use stage, describing release

of dangerous substances into indoor air, soil and water which are not covered by LCIA This additional information is required See 7.4

NOTE Information concerning health related emissions to indoor air, soil and water supports the social performance

of buildings which is addressed in prEN 15643-3, Sustainability of Construction Works —- Assessment of Buildings —

Part 3: Framework for the assessment of social performance

5.5 Ownership, responsibility and liability for the EPD

A manufacturer or a group of manufacturers are the sole owners and have liability and responsibility for an EPD

Information modules within any of the life cycle stages are communicated depending on the types of EPD as

specified in 5.2 They include impacts and aspects related to losses in the module in which the losses occur (i.e production, transport, and waste processing and disposal of the lost waste products and materials)

6.2.2 A1-A3, Product stage, information modules

The product stage includes:

 A1, raw material extraction and processing, processing of secondary material input (e.g recycling

Module A1, A2 and A3 may be declared as one aggregated module A1-3

6.2.3 A4-A5, Construction process stage, information modules

The construction process stage includes:

 A4, transport to the building site;

 A5, installation into the building;

including provision of all materials, products and energy, as well as waste processing up to the end-of-waste state or disposal of final residues during the construction process stage These information modules also

EN 15804:2012+A1:2013 (E)

5.5 Ownership, responsibility and liability for the EPD

A manufacturer or a group of manufacturers are the sole owners and have liability and responsibility for an

EPD

5.6 Communication formats

The communication format of the EPD shall be in accordance with EN 15942, Sustainability of construction

works — Environmental product declarations — Communication formats: business to business

6 Product Category Rules for LCA

6.1 Product category

The product category referred to in this standard includes all construction products and construction services

for buildings and other construction works

6.2 Life cycle stages and their information modules to be included

6.2.1 General

The environmental information of an EPD covering all life cycle stages (“cradle to grave”) shall be subdivided

into the information module groups A1-A3, A4-A5, B1-B5, B6-B7, C1-C4 and module D Only the declaration

of the product stage modules, A1-A3, is required for compliance with this standard The declaration of the

modules of the other life cycle stages is optional

Information modules within any of the life cycle stages are communicated depending on the types of EPD as

specified in 5.2 They include impacts and aspects related to losses in the module in which the losses occur

(i.e production, transport, and waste processing and disposal of the lost waste products and materials)

6.2.2 A1-A3, Product stage, information modules

The product stage includes:

 A1, raw material extraction and processing, processing of secondary material input (e.g recycling

processes),

 A2, transport to the manufacturer,

 A3, manufacturing,

including provision of all materials, products and energy, as well as waste processing up to the end-of waste

state (Clause 6.3.4.5 and Annex B) or disposal of final residues during the product stage

Module A1, A2 and A3 may be declared as one aggregated module A1-3

6.2.3 A4-A5, Construction process stage, information modules

The construction process stage includes:

 A4, transport to the building site;

 A5, installation into the building;

including provision of all materials, products and energy, as well as waste processing up to the end-of-waste

state or disposal of final residues during the construction process stage These information modules also

EN 15804:2012+A1:2013 (E)

include all impacts and aspects related to any losses during this construction process stage (i.e production, transport, and waste processing and disposal of the lost products and materials)

6.2.4 B1-B5, Use stage, information modules related to the building fabric

The use stage, related to the building fabric includes:

 B1, use or application of the installed product;

6.2.5 B6-B7, use stage, information modules related to the operation of the building

The use stage related to the operation of the building includes:

 B6, operational energy use (e.g operation of heating system and other building related installed services);

 B7, operational water use;

These information modules include provision and transport of all materials, products, as well as energy and water provisions, waste processing up to the end-of-waste state or disposal of final residues during this part of the use stage

6.2.6 C1-C4 End-of-life stage, information modules

The end-of-life stage includes:

 C1, de-construction, demolition:

 C2, transport to waste processing;

 C3, waste processing for reuse, recovery and/or recycling;

 C4, disposal;

including provision and all transport, provision of all materials, products and related energy and water use

6.2.7 D, Benefits and loads beyond the system boundary, information module

Module D includes:

 D, reuse, recovery and/or recycling potentials, expressed as net impacts and benefits

6.3 Calculation rules for the LCA

6.3.1 Functional unit

The functional unit defines the way in which the identified functions or performance characteristics of the product are quantified The primary purpose of the functional unit is to provide a reference by which material flows (input and output data) of construction product’s LCA results and any other information are normalized

to produce data expressed on a common basis

NOTE 1 Comparisons of construction products with the same functional unit follow the rules in 5.3

The functional unit, used as the denominator provides the basis for the addition of material flows and environmental impacts for any of the life cycle stages and their modules for the construction product or construction service

The functional unit of a construction product is based on:

 the quantified, relevant functional use or performance characteristics of the construction product when integrated into a building, taking into account the functional equivalent of the building;

 the product’s Reference Service Life (RSL) (see 6.3.3) or required service life of the building (see

EN 15978) under defined in-use conditions

NOTE 2 Guidance on the development of a functional unit is given in EN ISO 14040:2006, 5.2.2

NOTE 3 Guidance on describing in-use conditions is given in Product Standards and ISO 15686-1,-2, -7, -8

NOTE 4 In this standard “addition” also means the calculation of environmental impacts of a building (EN 15978) by summation of the quantified impacts per indicator and per module of the construction products constituting the building (e.g adding kg CO2 equivalents for bricks + mortar + wall insulation+ concrete block + gypsum plaster +…, etc.) Limitations of the addition of indicator results across life cycle stages and their modules are described in 7.5

6.3.2 Declared unit

The declared unit is used instead of the functional unit when the precise function of the product or scenarios at the building level is not stated or is unknown The declared unit shall be applied when an EPD covers one or more life cycle stages as information modules, i.e in the case of a "cradle to gate" EPD and "cradle to gate with options" EPD and when the EPD is not based on a full “cradle to grave” LCA The declared unit provides

a reference by means of which the material flows of the information module of a construction product are normalised (in a mathematical sense) to produce data, expressed on a common basis It provides the reference for combining material flows attributed to the construction product and for combining environmental impacts for the selected stages of the construction product’s incomplete life cycle (see Figure 1 and clause 7.5) The declared unit shall relate to the typical applications of products

The declared unit in the EPD shall be one of the unit types listed below A different unit may be declared for reasons that shall be explained and in such cases information shall be provided on how to convert this unit to one or more of the required unit types

 An item, an assemblage of items, e.g 1 brick, 1 window (!dimensions shall be specified");

 Mass (kg), e.g 1 kg of cement;

 Length (m), e.g 1 metre of pipe, 1 metre of a beam (dimensions shall be specified);

 Area (m2), e.g 1 square metre of wall elements, 1 square metre of roof elements (dimensions shall be specified);

 Volume (m3), e.g 1 cubic metre of timber, 1 cubic metre of ready-mixed concrete

EN 15804:2012+A1:2013 (E)

6.3 Calculation rules for the LCA

6.3.1 Functional unit

The functional unit defines the way in which the identified functions or performance characteristics of the

product are quantified The primary purpose of the functional unit is to provide a reference by which material

flows (input and output data) of construction product’s LCA results and any other information are normalized

to produce data expressed on a common basis

NOTE 1 Comparisons of construction products with the same functional unit follow the rules in 5.3

The functional unit, used as the denominator provides the basis for the addition of material flows and

environmental impacts for any of the life cycle stages and their modules for the construction product or

construction service

The functional unit of a construction product is based on:

 the quantified, relevant functional use or performance characteristics of the construction product when

integrated into a building, taking into account the functional equivalent of the building;

 the product’s Reference Service Life (RSL) (see 6.3.3) or required service life of the building (see

EN 15978) under defined in-use conditions

NOTE 2 Guidance on the development of a functional unit is given in EN ISO 14040:2006, 5.2.2

NOTE 3 Guidance on describing in-use conditions is given in Product Standards and ISO 15686-1,-2, -7, -8

NOTE 4 In this standard “addition” also means the calculation of environmental impacts of a building (EN 15978) by

summation of the quantified impacts per indicator and per module of the construction products constituting the building

(e.g adding kg CO2 equivalents for bricks + mortar + wall insulation+ concrete block + gypsum plaster +…, etc.)

Limitations of the addition of indicator results across life cycle stages and their modules are described in 7.5

6.3.2 Declared unit

The declared unit is used instead of the functional unit when the precise function of the product or scenarios at

the building level is not stated or is unknown The declared unit shall be applied when an EPD covers one or

more life cycle stages as information modules, i.e in the case of a "cradle to gate" EPD and "cradle to gate

with options" EPD and when the EPD is not based on a full “cradle to grave” LCA The declared unit provides

a reference by means of which the material flows of the information module of a construction product are

normalised (in a mathematical sense) to produce data, expressed on a common basis It provides the

reference for combining material flows attributed to the construction product and for combining environmental

impacts for the selected stages of the construction product’s incomplete life cycle (see Figure 1 and clause

7.5) The declared unit shall relate to the typical applications of products

The declared unit in the EPD shall be one of the unit types listed below A different unit may be declared for

reasons that shall be explained and in such cases information shall be provided on how to convert this unit to

one or more of the required unit types

 An item, an assemblage of items, e.g 1 brick, 1 window (!dimensions shall be specified");

 Mass (kg), e.g 1 kg of cement;

 Length (m), e.g 1 metre of pipe, 1 metre of a beam (dimensions shall be specified);

 Area (m2), e.g 1 square metre of wall elements, 1 square metre of roof elements (dimensions shall be

6.3.3 Reference service life (RSL)

RSL information to be declared in an EPD covering the use stage shall be provided by the manufacturer The RSL shall refer to the declared technical and functional performance of the product within a building It shall be established in accordance with any specific rules given in European product standards and shall take into account ISO 15686-1, -2, -7 and -8 Where European product standards provide guidance on deriving the RSL, such guidance shall have priority

Information on the product’s RSL requires specification of compatible scenarios for the product stage, construction process stage and use stage RSL is dependent on the properties of the product and reference in-use conditions These conditions shall be declared together with a RSL and it shall be stated that the RSL applies for the reference conditions only

The RSL shall be verifiable

Requirements and guidance on the estimation of service life are given in normative Annex A

6.3.4 System boundaries 6.3.4.1 General

LCA is conducted by defining product systems as models describing the key elements of physical systems The system boundary defines the unit processes to be included in the system model

This clause specifies the boundary of the product system under study and in particular the boundary with any previous or subsequent product systems in the life of a building It also specifies the processes that are to be included in each of the life cycle stages listed in 6.2 (according to Figure 1)

The modular set up of the LCA underlying an EPD (see Figure 1) allows easy organisation and expression of data packages throughout the life cycle of the product This approach requires that the system boundaries for the life cycle stages and the information modules included are transparent, well defined and applicable to any construction product

The setting of the system boundaries follows the two principles:

 The “modularity principle”: Where processes influence the product’s environmental performance during its life cycle, they shall be assigned to the module of the life cycle where they occur; all environmental aspects and impacts are declared in the life cycle stage where they appear;

 The “polluter pays principle”: Processes of waste processing shall be assigned to the product system that generates the waste until the end-of-waste state is reached

For instance:

 the “cradle to gate with options” information of a cleaning agent used for maintenance of the product is declared in the product’s life cycle sub-module B2 “maintenance”;

 The aspects and impacts of the construction process stage include the aspects and impacts due to any wastage of construction products during that stage, for example, by cutting the product to size The aspects and impacts of transport processes include the aspects and impacts due to any wastage of construction products during that stage, for example, due to breakage

NOTE For reasons of transparency and traceability individual information modules describing services during the use stage, e.g B2 maintenance, may be subdivided into information modules describing B2 in more detail, e.g B.2.1: Product stage: environmental impacts due to provision of materials and energy for maintenance processes, B.2.2: Use stage: environmental aspects and impacts due to the maintenance processes, B.2.3: End-of-life stage: waste processing and waste transport for materials applied during maintenance

6.3.4.2 Product stage

The product stage is an information module required to be included in the EPD As illustrated in Figure 1 it includes the information modules A1 to A3 The system boundary with nature is set to include those processes that provide the material and energy inputs into the system and the following manufacturing, and transport processes up to the factory gate as well as the processing of any waste arising from those processes

In the case of input of secondary materials or energy recovered from secondary fuels, the system boundary between the system under study and the previous system (providing the secondary materials) is set where outputs of the previous system, e.g materials, products, building elements or energy, reach the end-of-waste state (see 6.3.4.5 and Annex B)

Flows leaving the system at the end-of-waste boundary of the product stage (A1-A3) shall be allocated as products (see 6.4.3.2) Loads and benefits from allocated co-products shall not be declared in Module D (see 6.3.4.6) If such a co-product allocation is not possible, other methods may be chosen and shall be justified Therefore, as a general rule, potential loads or benefits from A1-A3 do not appear in module D The product stage includes:

co- A1 Extraction and processing of raw materials (e.g mining processes) and biomass production and processing (e.g agricultural or forestry operations);

 A1 Reuse of products or materials from a previous product system;

 A1 Processing of secondary materials used as input for manufacturing the product, but not including those processes that are part of the waste processing in the previous product system;

 A1 Generation of electricity, steam and heat from primary energy resources, also including their extraction, refining and transport;

 A1 Energy recovery and other recovery processes from secondary fuels, but not including those processes that are part of waste processing in the previous product system;

 A2 Transportation up to the factory gate and internal transport;

 A3 Production of ancillary materials or pre-products;

 A3 Manufacturing of products and co-products;

EN 15804:2012+A1:2013 (E)

 The aspects and impacts of the construction process stage include the aspects and impacts due to any

wastage of construction products during that stage, for example, by cutting the product to size The aspects

and impacts of transport processes include the aspects and impacts due to any wastage of construction

products during that stage, for example, due to breakage

NOTE For reasons of transparency and traceability individual information modules describing services during the use

stage, e.g B2 maintenance, may be subdivided into information modules describing B2 in more detail, e.g B.2.1: Product

stage: environmental impacts due to provision of materials and energy for maintenance processes, B.2.2: Use stage:

environmental aspects and impacts due to the maintenance processes, B.2.3: End-of-life stage: waste processing and

waste transport for materials applied during maintenance

6.3.4.2 Product stage

The product stage is an information module required to be included in the EPD As illustrated in Figure 1 it

includes the information modules A1 to A3 The system boundary with nature is set to include those

processes that provide the material and energy inputs into the system and the following manufacturing, and

transport processes up to the factory gate as well as the processing of any waste arising from those

processes

In the case of input of secondary materials or energy recovered from secondary fuels, the system boundary

between the system under study and the previous system (providing the secondary materials) is set where

outputs of the previous system, e.g materials, products, building elements or energy, reach the end-of-waste

state (see 6.3.4.5 and Annex B)

Flows leaving the system at the end-of-waste boundary of the product stage (A1-A3) shall be allocated as

co-products (see 6.4.3.2) Loads and benefits from allocated co-co-products shall not be declared in Module D

(see 6.3.4.6) If such a co-product allocation is not possible, other methods may be chosen and shall be

justified Therefore, as a general rule, potential loads or benefits from A1-A3 do not appear in module D

The product stage includes:

 A1 Extraction and processing of raw materials (e.g mining processes) and biomass production and

processing (e.g agricultural or forestry operations);

 A1 Reuse of products or materials from a previous product system;

 A1 Processing of secondary materials used as input for manufacturing the product, but not including

those processes that are part of the waste processing in the previous product system;

 A1 Generation of electricity, steam and heat from primary energy resources, also including their

extraction, refining and transport;

 A1 Energy recovery and other recovery processes from secondary fuels, but not including those

processes that are part of waste processing in the previous product system;

 A2 Transportation up to the factory gate and internal transport;

 A3 Production of ancillary materials or pre-products;

 A3 Manufacturing of products and co-products;

 A3 Manufacturing of Packaging;

 A1-A3 processing up to the end-of-waste state or disposal of final residues including any packaging not

leaving the factory gate with the product

Regardless of the geographical coverage of a product system the rules for defining the end-of-waste state of

this European standard apply

EN 15804:2012+A1:2013 (E)

NOTE The output of waste during this life cycle stage may reach the end-of-waste state when it complies with the conditions described in 6.3.4.5, end-of-life stage They are then allocated as co-products as 6.4.3.2

6.3.4.3 Construction stage

The construction process stage includes the optional information modules for:

 A4 Transportation from the production gate to the construction site;

 A4-A5 Storage of products, including the provision of heating, cooling, humidity control, etc.;

 A4-A5 wastage of construction products (additional production processes to compensate for the loss of wastage of products);

 A4-A5 waste processing of the waste from product packaging and product wastage during the construction processes up to the end-of-waste state or disposal of final residues;

 A5 Installation of the product into the building including manufacture and transportation of ancillary materials and any energy or water required for installation or operation of the construction site It also includes on-site operations to the product

6.3.4.4 Use stage 6.3.4.4.1 General

The use stage includes the optional information modules covering the period from the handover of the building

or construction works to when it is deconstructed or demolished The duration of the use stage of products may be different from the required service life of a building

The use stage includes the use of construction products, equipment and services in their proper function It also includes their use for protecting, conserving, moderating or controlling a building, e.g modules describing the building operation through building related services such as heating, cooling, lighting, water supply and internal transport (provided e.g by lifts and escalators) It also includes maintenance (including cleaning), repair, replacement and refurbishment

It is recognised that it may be difficult to separate all use stage processes and the connected aspects and impacts into these separate modules However, any deviation from the categorisation of aspects and impacts into Modules B1-B5 and B6-B7 shall be transparently reported and justified

6.3.4.4.2 B1-B5 Use stage information modules related to the building fabric:

 B1 Use of the installed product in terms of any emissions to the environment (not covered by B2-B7)

The module “use of the installed product” covers environmental aspects and impacts arising from components

of the building and construction works during their normal (i.e anticipated) use, which are assigned to module B1

EXAMPLE 1 Release of substances from the facade, roof, floor covering and other surfaces (interior or exterior) to indoor air, soil or water

NOTE 1 The EPD does not need to give this information if the horizontal standards on measurement of release of regulated dangerous substances from construction products using harmonised test methods according to the provisions of the respective technical committees for European product standards are not available, the EPD can lack this information

aesthetic qualities of the product This will include preventative and regular maintenance activity such as cleaning, and the planned servicing, replacement or mending of worn, damaged or degraded parts Water and energy usage required for cleaning, as part of maintenance shall be included in this module, and not in modules B6 and B7

NOTE 2 Maintenance, repair and replacement of a whole section of the building as part of a concerted programme for the building would be considered as refurbishment

The boundary of “maintenance” shall include in addition:

 the production and transportation of any component and ancillary products used for maintenance, including cleaning;

 transportation of any waste from maintenance processes or from maintenance related transportation;

 the end-of-life processes of any waste from transportation and the maintenance process, including any part of the component and ancillary materials removed

EXAMPLE 2 Painting work on window frames, doors, etc as well as the annual inspection and maintenance of the (oil

or gas) boiler, replacement of filters in the heat recovery or air conditioning system

 B3 repair

The module “repair” covers a combination of all technical and associated administrative actions during the service life associated with corrective, responsive or reactive treatment of a construction product or its parts installed in the building or construction works to return it to an acceptable condition in which it can perform its required functional and technical performance It also covers the preservation of the aesthetil qualities of the product Replacement of a broken component or part due to damage should be assigned to “repair”, whereas replacement of a whole element due to damage should be assigned to the module ”replacement”

The boundary for “repair” shall include:

a) repair process of the repaired part of a component including:

1) the production of the repaired part of a component and of ancillary materials;

2) use of related energy and water;

3) the production and transport aspects and impacts of any wastage of materials during the repair process;

b) the transportation of the repaired part of component and ancillary materials, including production aspects and impacts of any waste of materials during the repair related transportation;

c) the-end-of-life processes of any waste from transportation and the repair process, including the part of the component and ancillary materials removed

EXAMPLE 3 For a window with broken glass, this includes the production and transportation of new glass and packaging, and all impacts due to the repair process (rubber seal, water for cleaning, etc), and the end-of-life stage of the glass waste and any related packaging

 B4 Replacement

The module “replacement” covers the combination of all technical and associated administrative actions during the service life associated with the return of a construction product to a condition in which it can perform its required functional or technical performance, by replacement of a whole construction element Replacement of a broken component or part due to damage should be included as “repair”, but replacement

of a whole construction element due to damage should be considered as “replacement” Replacement of a whole construction element as part of a concerted replacement programme for the building should be considered as “refurbishment”

EN 15804:2012+A1:2013 (E)

aesthetic qualities of the product This will include preventative and regular maintenance activity such as

cleaning, and the planned servicing, replacement or mending of worn, damaged or degraded parts Water and

energy usage required for cleaning, as part of maintenance shall be included in this module, and not in

modules B6 and B7

NOTE 2 Maintenance, repair and replacement of a whole section of the building as part of a concerted programme for

the building would be considered as refurbishment

The boundary of “maintenance” shall include in addition:

 the production and transportation of any component and ancillary products used for maintenance,

including cleaning;

 transportation of any waste from maintenance processes or from maintenance related transportation;

 the end-of-life processes of any waste from transportation and the maintenance process, including any

part of the component and ancillary materials removed

EXAMPLE 2 Painting work on window frames, doors, etc as well as the annual inspection and maintenance of the (oil

or gas) boiler, replacement of filters in the heat recovery or air conditioning system

 B3 repair

The module “repair” covers a combination of all technical and associated administrative actions during the

service life associated with corrective, responsive or reactive treatment of a construction product or its parts

installed in the building or construction works to return it to an acceptable condition in which it can perform its

required functional and technical performance It also covers the preservation of the aesthetil qualities of the

product Replacement of a broken component or part due to damage should be assigned to “repair”, whereas

replacement of a whole element due to damage should be assigned to the module ”replacement”

The boundary for “repair” shall include:

a) repair process of the repaired part of a component including:

1) the production of the repaired part of a component and of ancillary materials;

2) use of related energy and water;

3) the production and transport aspects and impacts of any wastage of materials during the repair

process;

b) the transportation of the repaired part of component and ancillary materials, including production aspects

and impacts of any waste of materials during the repair related transportation;

c) the-end-of-life processes of any waste from transportation and the repair process, including the part of the

component and ancillary materials removed

EXAMPLE 3 For a window with broken glass, this includes the production and transportation of new glass and

packaging, and all impacts due to the repair process (rubber seal, water for cleaning, etc), and the end-of-life stage of the

glass waste and any related packaging

 B4 Replacement

The module “replacement” covers the combination of all technical and associated administrative actions

during the service life associated with the return of a construction product to a condition in which it can

perform its required functional or technical performance, by replacement of a whole construction element

Replacement of a broken component or part due to damage should be included as “repair”, but replacement

of a whole construction element due to damage should be considered as “replacement” Replacement of a

whole construction element as part of a concerted replacement programme for the building should be

considered as “refurbishment”

EN 15804:2012+A1:2013 (E)

The boundary for “replacement” shall include:

 the production of the components and of ancillary materials used for replacement;

 replacement process, including related water and energy use and the production aspects and impacts of any waste of materials used during the replacement process;

 the transportation of the component and ancillary materials used for replacement, including production aspects and impacts of any losses of material damaged during transportation;

 the end-of-life processes of any losses suffered transportation and the replacement process, including the components and ancillary materials removed

EXAMPLE 4 For a carpet being replaced at the end of its service life, this includes the production and transportation of the new carpet and packaging, and all impacts due to the replacement process (adhesive, vacuum cleaning etc), and the end of life stage of the original carpet, any waste from the installation of the replacement carpet, packaging waste and adhesive

 B5 Refurbishment

The module ”refurbishment” covers the combination of all technical and associated administrative actions during the service life of a product associated with the return of a building or other construction works or their parts to a condition in which it can perform its required functions These activities cover a concerted programme of maintenance, repair and/or replacement activity, across a significant part or whole section of the building

Restoration activities should be included within refurbishment

The boundary for refurbishment shall include:

 the production of the components and ancillary materials used for refurbishment;

 refurbishment process and related water and energy use including production aspects and impacts of any waste of materials used during the refurbishment process;

 the transportation of the component and ancillary materials used for refurbishment, including production aspects and impacts of any losses during transportation;

 the end-of-life processes of any losses suffered during transportation and the refurbishment process, including the components and ancillary materials removed

6.3.4.4.3 B6 – B7 use stage information modules related to the operation of the building:

 B6 Energy use to operate building integrated technical systems

The boundary of the module “Energy use to operate building integrated technical systems’’ shall include

energy use during the operation of the product (the integrated building technical system), together with its associated environmental aspects and impacts including processing and transportation of any waste arising

on site from the use of energy

Integrated building technical systems are installed technical equipment supporting operation of a building or construction works This includes technical building systems for heating, cooling, ventilation, lighting, domestic hot water and other systems for sanitation, security, fire safety, internal transport and building automation and control and IT communications

NOTE Guidance on the selection of standards to calculate operational energy use of technical building systems can

be obtained from CEN/TR 15615, Explanation of the general relationship between various European standards and the

Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD) — Umbrella Document

Aspects related to the production, transportation and installation of equipment required to supply energy to the building shall be assigned to Modules A1-A5 Energy use during maintenance, repair, replacement or refurbishment activities for the equipment shall be assigned to Modules B2-B5 Aspects related to the waste processing and final disposal of equipment shall be assigned to Modules C1-C4

 B7 operational water use by building integrated technical systems

The module "Operational water use by building integrated technical systems" covers the period from the

handover of the building or construction works to when the building is deconstructed or demolished

The boundary of the module “operational water use by building integrated technical systems“ shall include water use during the operation of the product (the building integrated technical system), together with its associated environmental aspects and impacts considering the life cycle of water including production and transportation and waste water treatment

Building integrated technical systems are installed technical equipment to support operation of building This includes technical building systems for cooling, ventilation, humidification, domestic hot water and other systems for sanitation, security, fire safety, internal transport

6.3.4.5 End-of-life stage

The end-of-life stage of the construction product starts when it is replaced, dismantled or deconstructed from the building or construction works and does not provide any further functionality It can also start at the end-of-life of the building, depending on choice of the product’s end-of-life scenario

During the end-of-life stage of the product or the building, all output from dismantling, deconstruction or demolition of the building, from maintenance, repair, replacement or refurbishing processes, all debris, all construction products, materials or construction elements, etc leaving the building, are at first considered to

be waste This output however reaches the end-of-waste state when it complies with all the following criteria:

 the recovered material, product or construction element is commonly used for specific purposes;

 a market or demand, identified e.g by a positive economic value, exists for such a recovered material, product or construction element;

 the recovered material, product or construction element fulfils the technical requirements for the specific purposes and meets the existing legislation and standards applicable to products;

 the use of the recovered material, product or construction element will not lead to overall adverse environmental or human health impacts

NOTE 1 The "specific purpose" in this context is not restricted to the function of a certain product but can also be applied to a material serving as input to the production process of another product or of energy

The criterion for "overall adverse environmental or human health impacts" shall refer to the limit values for pollutants set by regulations in place at the time of assessment and where necessary shall take into account adverse environmental effects The presence of any hazardous substances exceeding these limits in the waste or showing one or more properties as listed in existing applicable legislation, e.g in the European Waste Framework Directive, prevents the waste from reaching the end-of-waste state

The end-of-life system boundary of the construction product system to module D is set where outputs, i.e secondary materials or fuels, have reached the “end-of-waste” state (see 6.4.3)

The end-of-life stage includes the optional Information modules:

 C1 deconstruction, including dismantling or demolition, of the product from the building, including initial on-site sorting of the materials;

 C2 transportation of the discarded product as part of the waste processing, e.g to a recycling site and transportation of waste e.g to final disposal;

EN 15804:2012+A1:2013 (E)

Aspects related to the production, transportation and installation of equipment required to supply energy to the

building shall be assigned to Modules A1-A5 Energy use during maintenance, repair, replacement or

refurbishment activities for the equipment shall be assigned to Modules B2-B5 Aspects related to the waste

processing and final disposal of equipment shall be assigned to Modules C1-C4

 B7 operational water use by building integrated technical systems

The module "Operational water use by building integrated technical systems" covers the period from the

handover of the building or construction works to when the building is deconstructed or demolished

The boundary of the module “operational water use by building integrated technical systems“ shall include

water use during the operation of the product (the building integrated technical system), together with its

associated environmental aspects and impacts considering the life cycle of water including production and

transportation and waste water treatment

Building integrated technical systems are installed technical equipment to support operation of building This

includes technical building systems for cooling, ventilation, humidification, domestic hot water and other

systems for sanitation, security, fire safety, internal transport

6.3.4.5 End-of-life stage

The end-of-life stage of the construction product starts when it is replaced, dismantled or deconstructed from

the building or construction works and does not provide any further functionality It can also start at the

end-of-life of the building, depending on choice of the product’s end-of-end-of-life scenario

During the end-of-life stage of the product or the building, all output from dismantling, deconstruction or

demolition of the building, from maintenance, repair, replacement or refurbishing processes, all debris, all

construction products, materials or construction elements, etc leaving the building, are at first considered to

be waste This output however reaches the end-of-waste state when it complies with all the following criteria:

 the recovered material, product or construction element is commonly used for specific purposes;

 a market or demand, identified e.g by a positive economic value, exists for such a recovered material,

product or construction element;

 the recovered material, product or construction element fulfils the technical requirements for the specific

purposes and meets the existing legislation and standards applicable to products;

 the use of the recovered material, product or construction element will not lead to overall adverse

environmental or human health impacts

NOTE 1 The "specific purpose" in this context is not restricted to the function of a certain product but can also be

applied to a material serving as input to the production process of another product or of energy

The criterion for "overall adverse environmental or human health impacts" shall refer to the limit values for

pollutants set by regulations in place at the time of assessment and where necessary shall take into account

adverse environmental effects The presence of any hazardous substances exceeding these limits in the

waste or showing one or more properties as listed in existing applicable legislation, e.g in the European

Waste Framework Directive, prevents the waste from reaching the end-of-waste state

The end-of-life system boundary of the construction product system to module D is set where outputs, i.e

secondary materials or fuels, have reached the “end-of-waste” state (see 6.4.3)

The end-of-life stage includes the optional Information modules:

 C1 deconstruction, including dismantling or demolition, of the product from the building, including initial

on-site sorting of the materials;

 C2 transportation of the discarded product as part of the waste processing, e.g to a recycling site and

transportation of waste e.g to final disposal;

EN 15804:2012+A1:2013 (E)

 C3 waste processing e.g collection of waste fractions from the deconstruction and waste processing of material flows intended for reuse, recycling and energy recovery Waste processing shall be modelled and the elementary flows shall be included in the inventory Materials for energy recovery are identified based on the efficiency of energy recovery with a rate higher than 60 % without prejudice to existing legislation Materials from which energy is recovered with an efficiency rate below 60% are not considered materials for energy recovery

NOTE 2 Only when materials have reached the end-of-waste-state can they be considered as materials for energy recovery, provided the energy recovery process has an energy efficiency rate higher than 60%

 C4 waste disposal including physical pre-treatment and management of the disposal site

NOTE 3 In principle waste processing is part of the product system under study In the case of materials leaving the system as secondary materials or fuels, such processes as collection and transport before the end-of-waste state are, as

a rule, part of the waste processing of the system under study However after having reached the “end-of-waste” state further processing may also be necessary in order to replace primary material or fuel input in another product system Such processes are considered to be beyond the system boundary and are assigned to module D Secondary material having left the system can be declared as substituting primary production in module D, when it has reached functional equivalence of the substituted primary material

Loads, (e.g emissions) from waste disposal in module C4 are considered part of the product system under study, according to the “polluter pays principle” If however this process generates energy such as heat and power from waste incineration or landfill the potential benefits from utilisation of such energy in the next product system are assigned to module D and are calculated using current average substitution processes

6.3.4.6 Benefits and loads beyond the product system boundary in module D

Information module D aims at transparency for the environmental benefits or loads resulting from reusable products, recyclable materials and/or useful energy carriers leaving a product system e.g as secondary materials or fuels

Any declared net benefits and loads from net flows (for calculation of the net amounts see 6.4.3.3) leaving the product system that have not been allocated as co-products and that have passed the end-of-waste state shall be included in module D

Avoided impacts from allocated co-products shall not be included in Module D

The information in module D may contain technical information as well as the quantified predetermined LCA derived parameters The quantified predetermined parameters shall be those described in Clause 7

6.3.5 Criteria for the exclusion of inputs and outputs

Criteria for the exclusion of inputs and outputs (cut-off rules) in the LCA and information modules and any additional information are intended to support an efficient calculation procedure They shall not be applied in order to hide data Any application of the criteria for the exclusion of inputs and outputs shall be documented The following procedure shall be followed for the exclusion of inputs and outputs:

 All inputs and outputs to a (unit) process shall be included in the calculation, for which data are available Data gaps may be filled by conservative assumptions with average or generic data Any assumptions for such choices shall be documented;

 In case of insufficient input data or data gaps for a unit process, the cut-off criteria shall be 1 % of renewable and non-renewable primary energy usage and 1 % of the total mass input of that unit process The total of neglected input flows per module, e.g per module A1-A3, A4-A5, B1-B5, B6-B7, C1-C4 and module D (see Figure 1) shall be a maximum of 5 % of energy usage and mass Conservative assumptions in combination with plausibility considerations and expert judgement can be used to demonstrate compliance with these criteria;

 Particular care should be taken to include material and energy flows known to have the potential to cause significant emissions into air and water or soil related to the environmental indicators of this standard Conservative assumptions in combination with plausibility considerations and expert judgement can be used to demonstrate compliance with these criteria

6.3.6 Selection of data

As a general rule, specific data derived from specific production processes or average data derived from specific production processes shall be the first choice as a basis for calculating an EPD In addition the following rules apply:

 An EPD describing an average product shall be calculated using representative average data of the products declared by the EPD;

 An EPD describing a specific product shall be calculated using specific data for at least the processes the producer of the specific product has influence over Generic data may be used for the processes the producer cannot influence e.g processes dealing with the production of input commodities, e.g raw material extraction or electricity generation, often referred to as upstream data (see Table 1);

 A specific EPD covering all life cycle stages (cradle to grave) may be calculated using generic data for some downstream processes e.g waste incineration For the sake of comparability the calculation of the use stage shall be based on the same additional technical information as is required in 7.3;

 The additional technical information for the development of scenarios of the building’s life cycle stages shall be specific or specific average information, when an average product is declared;

 Documentation of technological, geographical and time related representativity for generic data shall be provided in the project report

Table 1 — Application of generic and specific data Modules

Module A1-A3 A4 and A5 B1-B7 C1-C4

Production of

commodities, raw

materials

Product manufacture Installation

processes Use processes End-of-life processes

NOTE Generic data is publicly available and may be average or specific Normally it is used to describe upstream

and downstream processes See CEN/TR 15941, Sustainability of construction works — Environmental product

declarations — Methodology for selection and use of generic data

6.3.7 Data quality requirements

The quality of the data used to calculate an EPD shall be addressed in the project report (see Clause 8 and

EN ISO 14044:2006, 4.2.3.6) In addition the following specific requirements apply for construction products:

 Data shall be as current as possible Data sets used for calculations shall have been updated within the last 10 years for generic data and within the last 5 years for producer specific data;

 Data sets shall be based on 1 year averaged data; deviations shall be justified;

EN 15804:2012+A1:2013 (E)

 Particular care should be taken to include material and energy flows known to have the potential to cause

significant emissions into air and water or soil related to the environmental indicators of this standard

Conservative assumptions in combination with plausibility considerations and expert judgement can be

used to demonstrate compliance with these criteria

6.3.6 Selection of data

As a general rule, specific data derived from specific production processes or average data derived from

specific production processes shall be the first choice as a basis for calculating an EPD In addition the

following rules apply:

 An EPD describing an average product shall be calculated using representative average data of the

products declared by the EPD;

 An EPD describing a specific product shall be calculated using specific data for at least the processes the

producer of the specific product has influence over Generic data may be used for the processes the

producer cannot influence e.g processes dealing with the production of input commodities, e.g raw

material extraction or electricity generation, often referred to as upstream data (see Table 1);

 A specific EPD covering all life cycle stages (cradle to grave) may be calculated using generic data for

some downstream processes e.g waste incineration For the sake of comparability the calculation of the

use stage shall be based on the same additional technical information as is required in 7.3;

 The additional technical information for the development of scenarios of the building’s life cycle stages

shall be specific or specific average information, when an average product is declared;

 Documentation of technological, geographical and time related representativity for generic data shall be

provided in the project report

Table 1 — Application of generic and specific data Modules

Module A1-A3 A4 and A5 B1-B7 C1-C4

Production of

commodities, raw

materials

Product manufacture Installation

processes Use processes End-of-life processes

NOTE Generic data is publicly available and may be average or specific Normally it is used to describe upstream

and downstream processes See CEN/TR 15941, Sustainability of construction works — Environmental product

declarations — Methodology for selection and use of generic data

6.3.7 Data quality requirements

The quality of the data used to calculate an EPD shall be addressed in the project report (see Clause 8 and

EN ISO 14044:2006, 4.2.3.6) In addition the following specific requirements apply for construction products:

 Data shall be as current as possible Data sets used for calculations shall have been updated within the

last 10 years for generic data and within the last 5 years for producer specific data;

 Data sets shall be based on 1 year averaged data; deviations shall be justified;

EN 15804:2012+A1:2013 (E)

 The time period over which inputs to and outputs from the system shall be accounted for is 100 years from the year for which the data set is deemed representative A longer time period shall be used if relevant;

 The technological coverage shall reflect the physical reality for the declared product or product group;

 Generic data: Guidance for the selection and use of generic data is provided in CEN/TR 15941 Generic data shall be checked for plausibility;

 Data sets shall be complete according to the system boundary within the limits set by the criteria for the exclusion of inputs and outputs, (see 6.3.5)

NOTE For guidance on how to deal with data gaps refer to CEN/TR 15941 or Annex A for Reference Service Life

6.3.8 Developing product level scenarios

Scenarios shall support the calculation of information modules covering processes that deal with any one or all of the life cycle stages of the construction product except for the required modules A1 to A3; scenarios shall support the assessment of the environmental performance of a building in its life cycle stages

“construction, use stage, end-of-life” (see Figure 1)

Scenarios shall be provided only for the environmental assessment A scenario shall be based on the relevant technical information defined in this standard (see 5.4 and 7.3, for additional information) The kind of technical information the scenario is based on, is described in 7.3 With the help of the scenario, the predetermined parameters of the EPD are derived by applying the calculation rules given in this standard

A scenario shall be realistic and representative of one of the most probable alternatives (If there are, e.g three different applications, the most representative one, or all three scenarios shall be declared) Scenarios shall not include processes or procedures that are not in current use or which have not been demonstrated to

be practical

EXAMPLE 1 A recycling system is not practical if it includes a reference to a return system for which the logistics have not been established

EXAMPLE 2 Energy recovery needs to be based on existing technology and current practice

Scenarios are communicated in accordance with 5.4: for EPD that declare optional information modules, the additional technical information related to the scenarios underlying these modules are a required part of the information of the declared information modules

 Water use, which is expressed in m3 (cubic metres)

 Temperature, which is expressed in degrees Celsius;

 Time, which is expressed in practical units depending on the assessment scale: minutes, hours, days, years

6.4.3 Allocation of input flows and output emissions

6.4.3.1 General

Most industrial processes produce more than the intended product Normally more than one input is needed to produce one product and sometimes products are co-produced with other products As a rule the material flows between them are not distributed in a simple way Intermediate and discarded products can be recycled

to become inputs for other processes When dealing with systems involving multiple products and recycling processes, allocation should be avoided as far as possible Where unavoidable, allocation should be considered carefully and should be justified

In this standard, the rules for allocation are based on the guidance given in EN ISO 14044:2006, 4.3.4 However, the basic procedures and assumptions used in EN ISO 14044 have been refined in order to reflect the goal and scope of this standard and EN 15643-2

The use of upstream data, which does not respect the allocation principles described in this standard shall be clearly stated and justified in the project report These data shall be in line with EN ISO 14044 allocation rules The principle of modularity shall be maintained Where processes influence the product’s environmental performance during its life cycle, they shall be assigned to the module in the life cycle where they occur (see Figure 1)

The sum of the allocated inputs and outputs of a unit process shall be equal to the inputs and outputs of the unit process before allocation This means no double counting or omission of inputs or outputs through allocation is permitted

6.4.3.2 Co-product allocation

Allocation shall be avoided as far as possible by dividing the unit process to be allocated into different processes that can be allocated to the co-products and by collecting the input and output data related to these sub-processes

sub- If a process can be sub-divided but respective data are not available, the inputs and outputs of the system under study should be partitioned between its different products or functions in a way which

reflects the underlying physical relationships between them; i.e they shall reflect the way in which the

inputs and outputs are changed by quantitative changes in the products or functions delivered by the system;

In the case of joint co-production, where the processes cannot be sub-divided, allocation shall respect the main purpose of the processes studied, allocating all relevant products and functions appropriately The purpose of a plant and therefore of the related processes is generally declared in its permit and should be taken into account Processes generating a very low contribution to the overall revenue may be neglected Joint co-product allocation shall be allocated as follows:

The calculation procedures described in EN ISO 14044 shall apply The same calculation procedures shall be

applied consistently throughout the study

When transforming the inputs and outputs of combustible material into inputs and outputs of energy the net

calorific value of fuels shall be applied according to scientifically based and accepted values specific to the

combustible material

6.4.3 Allocation of input flows and output emissions

6.4.3.1 General

Most industrial processes produce more than the intended product Normally more than one input is needed to

produce one product and sometimes products are co-produced with other products As a rule the material

flows between them are not distributed in a simple way Intermediate and discarded products can be recycled

to become inputs for other processes When dealing with systems involving multiple products and recycling

processes, allocation should be avoided as far as possible Where unavoidable, allocation should be

considered carefully and should be justified

In this standard, the rules for allocation are based on the guidance given in EN ISO 14044:2006, 4.3.4

However, the basic procedures and assumptions used in EN ISO 14044 have been refined in order to reflect

the goal and scope of this standard and EN 15643-2

The use of upstream data, which does not respect the allocation principles described in this standard shall be

clearly stated and justified in the project report These data shall be in line with EN ISO 14044 allocation rules

The principle of modularity shall be maintained Where processes influence the product’s environmental

performance during its life cycle, they shall be assigned to the module in the life cycle where they occur (see

Figure 1)

The sum of the allocated inputs and outputs of a unit process shall be equal to the inputs and outputs of the

unit process before allocation This means no double counting or omission of inputs or outputs through

allocation is permitted

6.4.3.2 Co-product allocation

Allocation shall be avoided as far as possible by dividing the unit process to be allocated into different

sub-processes that can be allocated to the co-products and by collecting the input and output data related to these

sub-processes

 If a process can be sub-divided but respective data are not available, the inputs and outputs of the

system under study should be partitioned between its different products or functions in a way which

reflects the underlying physical relationships between them; i.e they shall reflect the way in which the

inputs and outputs are changed by quantitative changes in the products or functions delivered by the

system;

In the case of joint co-production, where the processes cannot be sub-divided, allocation shall respect the

main purpose of the processes studied, allocating all relevant products and functions appropriately The

purpose of a plant and therefore of the related processes is generally declared in its permit and should be

taken into account Processes generating a very low contribution to the overall revenue may be neglected

Joint co-product allocation shall be allocated as follows:

EN 15804:2012+A1:2013 (E)

 Allocation shall be based on physical properties (e.g mass, volume) when the difference in revenue from the co-products is low;

 In all other cases allocation shall be based on economic values;

 Material flows carrying specific inherent properties, e.g energy content, elementary composition (e.g biogenic carbon content), shall always be allocated reflecting the physical flows, irrespective of the allocation chosen for the process

NOTE 1 Contributions to the overall revenue of the order of 1% or less is regarded as very low A difference in revenue

of more than 25 % is regarded as high

NOTE 2 A common position on the definition on the most appropriate allocation rule needs to be defined together with other relevant sectors

NOTE 3 Products and functions are the outputs and/or services provided by the process, having a positive economic value

NOTE 4 In industrial processes there may be a wide variety of different types of materials produced in conjunction with the intended product In business vocabulary, these may be identified as by-products, co-products, intermediate products, non-core products or sub-products In this standard these terms are treated as being equivalent However for the allocation of environmental aspects and impacts a distinction between co-products and products is made in this standard

6.4.3.3 Allocation procedure of reuse, recycling and recovery

The end-of-life system boundary of the construction product system is set where outputs of the system under study, e.g materials, products or construction elements, have reached the end-of-waste state Therefore, waste processing of the material flows (e.g undergoing recovery or recycling processes) during any module of the product system (e.g during the production stage, use stage or end-of-life stage) are included up to the system boundary of the respective module as defined above

Where relevant (see 6.3.4.5 and 6.3.4.6), informative module D declares potential loads and benefits of secondary material, secondary fuel or recovered energy leaving the product system Module D recognises the

“design for reuse, recycling and recovery” concept for buildings by indicating the potential benefits of avoided future use of primary materials and fuels while taking into account the loads associated with the recycling and recovery processes beyond the system boundary

NOTE 1 Module D also contains benefits from exported energy from waste disposal processes declared in module C4

Where a secondary material or fuel crosses the system boundary e.g at the end-of-waste state and if it substitutes another material or fuel in the following product system, the potential benefits or avoided loads can

be calculated based on a specified scenario which is consistent with any other scenario for waste processing and is based on current average technology or practice

If today’s average is not available for the quantification of potential benefits or avoided loads, a conservative approach shall be used

In module D the net impacts are calculated as follows:

 by adding all output flows of a secondary material or fuel and subtracting all input flows of this secondary material or fuel from each sub-module first (e.g B1-B5, C1-C4, etc.), then from the modules (e.g B, C), and finally from the total product system thus arriving at net output flows of secondary material or fuel from the product system;

 by adding the impacts connected to the recycling or recovery processes from beyond the system boundary (after the end-of-waste state) up to the point of functional equivalence where the secondary material or energy substitutes primary production and subtracting the impacts resulting from the substituted production of the product or substituted generation of energy from primary sources;

 by applying a justified value-correction factor to reflect the difference in functional equivalence where the output flow does not reach the functional equivalence of the substituting process

In module D substitution effects are calculated only for the resulting net output flow

The amount of secondary material output, which is for all practical purposes able to replace one to one the input of secondary material as closed loop is allocated to the product system under study and not to module

D

NOTE 2 Avoided impacts from allocated co-products are not part of Module D information, see 6.3.4.6

6.5 Impact assessment

!The impact assessment is carried out for the following impact categories:

 depletion of abiotic resources (fossil);

 depletion of abiotic resources (elements);

 acidification of soil and water;

 ozone depletion;

 global warming;

 eutrophication;

 photochemical ozone creation

The characterisation factors for GWP, ODP, AP, EP, POCP and ADP given in Annex C shall be used

NOTE 1 The ‘accumulated exceedance’ method for AP and EP recommended by JRC is considered not to be ready for standardization yet, because it needs a new regional set of characterisation factors, and because this method is not yet common practice with the stakeholders nor available in databases The method using the reserve base for ADP elements recommended by JRC is not considered common practice

If specific ADP fossil fuel values are known, these shall be used; any such use has to be stated

Complementary and consistent factors may be used in order to achieve consistency between LCI data and available characterisation factors

NOTE 2 It is considered good practice to identify LCI data which has no calculated environmental impact within the project report This can help to identify the need for complementary and consistent characterisation factors for relevant LCI flows."

7 Content of the EPD

7.1 Declaration of general information

The following items of general information are required and shall be declared in an EPD

a) the name and address of the manufacturer(s);

b) the description of the construction product’s use and the functional or declared unit of the construction product to which the data relates;

c) construction product identification by name (including any product code) and a simple visual representation of the construction product to which the data relates;

d) a description of the main product components and or materials;

EN 15804:2012+A1:2013 (E)

In module D substitution effects are calculated only for the resulting net output flow

The amount of secondary material output, which is for all practical purposes able to replace one to one the

input of secondary material as closed loop is allocated to the product system under study and not to module

D

NOTE 2 Avoided impacts from allocated co-products are not part of Module D information, see 6.3.4.6

6.5 Impact assessment

!The impact assessment is carried out for the following impact categories:

 depletion of abiotic resources (fossil);

 depletion of abiotic resources (elements);

 acidification of soil and water;

 ozone depletion;

 global warming;

 eutrophication;

 photochemical ozone creation

The characterisation factors for GWP, ODP, AP, EP, POCP and ADP given in Annex C shall be used

NOTE 1 The ‘accumulated exceedance’ method for AP and EP recommended by JRC is considered not to be ready for

standardization yet, because it needs a new regional set of characterisation factors, and because this method is not yet

common practice with the stakeholders nor available in databases The method using the reserve base for ADP elements

recommended by JRC is not considered common practice

If specific ADP fossil fuel values are known, these shall be used; any such use has to be stated

Complementary and consistent factors may be used in order to achieve consistency between LCI data and

available characterisation factors

NOTE 2 It is considered good practice to identify LCI data which has no calculated environmental impact within the

project report This can help to identify the need for complementary and consistent characterisation factors for relevant LCI

flows."

7 Content of the EPD

7.1 Declaration of general information

The following items of general information are required and shall be declared in an EPD

a) the name and address of the manufacturer(s);

b) the description of the construction product’s use and the functional or declared unit of the construction

product to which the data relates;

c) construction product identification by name (including any product code) and a simple visual

representation of the construction product to which the data relates;

d) a description of the main product components and or materials;

f) the date the declaration was issued and the 5 year period of validity;

g) information on which stages are not considered, if the declaration is not based on an LCA covering all life cycle stages;

h) a statement that EPD of construction products may not be comparable if they do not comply with this standard, see also Clause 5.3;

i) in the case where an EPD is declared as an average environmental performance for a number of products

a statement to that effect shall be included in the declaration together with a description of the range/ variability of the LCIA results if significant;

j) the site(s), manufacturer or group of manufacturers or those representing them for whom the EPD is representative;

k) the declaration of material content of the product shall list as a minimum substances contained in the product that are listed in the “Candidate List of Substances of Very High Concern for authorisation” when their content exceeds the limits for registration with the European Chemicals Agency;

NOTE 2 The source location of any safety data sheet can be provided

NOTE 3 Substances of very high concern" are listed in the Candidate List of Substances of Very High Concern for Authorisation of the European Chemicals Agency

l) information on where explanatory material may be obtained

NOTE 4 Guidance on safe and effective installation, use and disposal of the product can be supplied

In addition to the above-mentioned general information, Table 2 shall be completed and reproduced in the EPD

Table 2 — Demonstration of verification

CEN standard !EN 15804" serves as the core PCR a

!Independent verification of the declaration and data", according to EN ISO 14025:2010

(Where appropriate b) Third party verifier:

<Name of the third party verifier>

a Product category rules

b Optional for business-to-business communication; mandatory for business-to-consumer communication (see

EN ISO 14025:2010, 9.4)

!NOTE EN 15942 makes reference to Figure 3 of FprEN 15804 Please note that this figure was converted to Table 2 in

EN 15804:2012+A1:2013."

7.2 Declaration of environmental parameters derived from LCA

7.2.1 General

To illustrate the product system studied, the EPD shall contain a simple flow diagram of the processes included in the LCA They shall be sub-divided at least into the life cycle stages of the product: production, and if applicable construction, use and end-of-life (see Figure 1) The stages may be further sub-divided

7.2.2 Rules for declaring LCA information per module

In order to support the application of the modular information of an EPD in an environmental building assessment, it is necessary to provide information in a modular way

NOTE The standard EN 15978 shows how modular information from EPD is used at the building level The standard

EN 15942 provides a communication format

Module D may be addressed in any type of EPD

The EPD shall specify which EPD-type is declared (see Figure 1):

 A “Cradle to Gate” EPD:

For a “Cradle to Gate” EPD a declaration of the RSL is not possible The RSL shall be declared as: “not specified” Normally in this type of EPD module D is not declared;

 A“Cradle to Gate with Options” EPD:

For a “Cradle to Gate with Options” EPD the declaration of the RSL is possible only if all scenarios for the modules A1-A3 and B1-B5 are given (see Figure 1);

 A “Cradle to Grave” EPD:

For a “Cradle to Grave” EPD (life cycle declaration covering all modules in the stages A to C) a declaration of the RSL is required See 6.3.3

In some cases, certain modules may not be relevant to the environmental performance of a product In such cases the irrelevant module shall be declared as “not relevant” Such a declaration shall not be regarded as

an indicator result of zero

7.2.3 Parameters describing environmental impacts

The following information on environmental impacts is expressed with the impact category parameters of LCIA using characterisation factors These predetermined parameters are required and shall be included in the EPD as follows:

EN 15804:2012+A1:2013 (E)

7.2 Declaration of environmental parameters derived from LCA

7.2.1 General

To illustrate the product system studied, the EPD shall contain a simple flow diagram of the processes

included in the LCA They shall be sub-divided at least into the life cycle stages of the product: production,

and if applicable construction, use and end-of-life (see Figure 1) The stages may be further sub-divided

7.2.2 Rules for declaring LCA information per module

In order to support the application of the modular information of an EPD in an environmental building

assessment, it is necessary to provide information in a modular way

NOTE The standard EN 15978 shows how modular information from EPD is used at the building level The standard

EN 15942 provides a communication format

Module D may be addressed in any type of EPD

The EPD shall specify which EPD-type is declared (see Figure 1):

 A “Cradle to Gate” EPD:

For a “Cradle to Gate” EPD a declaration of the RSL is not possible The RSL shall be declared as: “not

specified” Normally in this type of EPD module D is not declared;

 A“Cradle to Gate with Options” EPD:

For a “Cradle to Gate with Options” EPD the declaration of the RSL is possible only if all scenarios for the

modules A1-A3 and B1-B5 are given (see Figure 1);

 A “Cradle to Grave” EPD:

For a “Cradle to Grave” EPD (life cycle declaration covering all modules in the stages A to C) a

declaration of the RSL is required See 6.3.3

In some cases, certain modules may not be relevant to the environmental performance of a product In such

cases the irrelevant module shall be declared as “not relevant” Such a declaration shall not be regarded as

an indicator result of zero

7.2.3 Parameters describing environmental impacts

The following information on environmental impacts is expressed with the impact category parameters of LCIA

using characterisation factors These predetermined parameters are required and shall be included in the

EPD as follows:

EN 15804:2012+A1:2013 (E)

Table 3 — Parameters describing environmental impacts

!

(expressed per functional unit or per declared unit)

Depletion of abiotic resources-elements Depletion of abiotic resources-fossil fuels

Abiotic depletion potential (ADP-elements) for non fossil resources a

Abiotic depletion potential (ADP-fossil fuels) for fossil resources a

kg Sb equiv

MJ, net calorific value

Acidification for soil and water Acidification potential of soil and water, AP; kg SO2 equiv Ozone Depletion Depletion potential of the stratospheric ozone

Global Warming Global warming potential, GWP; kg CO2 equiv Eutrophication Eutrophication potential, EP; kg (PO4)3- equiv Photochemical ozone

creation Formation potential of tropospheric ozone,, POCP; kg Ethene equiv

a The abiotic depletion potential is calculated and declared in two different indicators:

• ADP-elements: include all non renewable, abiotic material resources (i.e excepting fossil resources);

• ADP -fossil fuels include all fossil resources

"

NOTE 1 The indicator describing the depletion of abiotic resources is subject to further scientific development The use

of this indicator is intended to be reviewed during the revision of this standard NOTE 2 Parameters describing emission of ionising radioactive radiation and its impact on human health and/or eco-systems on the LCA level are intended to be reviewed during the revision of this standard

7.2.4 Parameters describing resource use

The following environmental parameters apply data based on the LCI They describe the use of renewable and non renewable material resources, renewable and non renewable primary energy and water They are required and shall be included in the EPD as follows: