BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 14704 2 2007 Determination of the elasticity of fabrics — Part 2 Multiaxial tests The European Standard EN 14704 2 2007 has the status of a British Standard ICS 59 080 30 ?? ? ?[.]
Trang 2This Bri sh Stan ard was
published u der the authoriy
of the Stan ards Policy an
The UK p rticip tion in its prep ration was entrusted to Tech ical Commit e
TCI/ 24, Phy sical testing of texties
A lst of org anizations represented on this commit e can be obtained on
request to its sec etary
This publcation do s not pur port to include al the neces ary pr ovisions of a
contract User are responsible for its cor ect a plcation
Com pl anc with a British Standard cannot c nfer im m unity f om
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Am endm ents is ued sinc publ cation
Trang 3Determination of the elasticity of fabrics - Par t 2: Multiaxial tests
Détermin tio d léla ticité d s étofe - Par tie 2: Es ais
multia ia x
Be timmu g d r Ela tizität v n te tie Flä h n e id n
-Tei 2: Multia iale Pr üfu g n
T his Eur op a Sta d r d wa a pr ov d b CEN o 7 Ja u ry 2 0
CEN memb r s ar e b u d to c mply with th CEN/CENELEC Intern l Re ulatio s whic stip late th c n itio s for givin this Eur op a
Sta d r d th statu of a n tio al sta d rd with ut a y alter atio Up-o-d te lsts a d biblo r ap ic l r efere c s c n er nin s c n tio al
sta d rd ma b o tain d o a plc tio to th Ce tr al Se retariat or to a y CEN memb r
This Eur op a Sta d r d e ists in thre oficial v r sio s (En ls , Fr en h, Germa ).A v rsio in a y oth r la g a e ma e b tr an latio
u d r th r es o sibi ty of a CEN memb r into its ow n la g a e a d n tifie to th Ce tral Se retariat h s th s me statu a th oficial
v r sio s
CEN memb r s ar e th n tio al sta d rd b die of Au tria,Belgium, Cy r us, Cz c Re u lc, De mark, Esto ia, Finla d, Fra c ,
Ger ma y,Gre c ,Hu g r y, Ic la d,Ir ela d, Italy, L tvia,Lith a ia, L x mb urg, Malta, Neth r l n s,Nor wa , Pola d,Portu al Roma ia,
Slo akia,Slo e ia, Sp in, Sw ed n, Switz r l n a d Unite K in d m
E U R OPE A N COMMI T TE E FOR STA N DA R DIZ A T I ON
COMIT EUROPÉ N DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES K MIT E FÜR NORMU G
Management Cente:rue de Sta s r, 3 B-10 0 Brus els
© 2 0 CEN Al rig ts of e ploitatio in a y for m a d b a y me n r es r ve
wo dwid for CEN n tio al Memb r s
Ref No EN 14 0 -2:2 0 : E
Trang 4Cont ent s Page
Foreword .3
1 Scope 4
2 Norma v refere c s .4
3 Terms a d d finit ion 4
4 Prin iple .5
5 Sampln 5
6 Atmosph re for con it ionin a d t es n 5
7 Prepara on of t est spe ime s .5
8 Met hod A – Dy amic t est .6
9 Met hod B – Sta c t est 8
An e A (informat iv e) Ex mple of a typic l cy cl n graph 12
An e B (informat iv e) Proc dure for s mpl n 13
An e C (informat iv e) Ex mple of a pat tern for c t t in te t spe ime s from a lab rat ory s mple .14
An e D (informat iv e) Met hod A - Dy amic t est e uipme t .15
An e E (informat iv e) Met hod B - Sta c t est e uipme t 18
Trang 5Foreword
This doc ment (EN 14 0 -2:2 0 ) has b en pre ar ed by Tec nical Commit t ee CEN/TC 2 8 “Tex t iles an
t ex t ile prod ct s”, t he secret ariat of whic is held by BSI
This Euro e n St an ard s al b given t he st atu of a nat ional st an ard, eit her by publcat ion of an ident ical
t ex t or by en orsemen at t he lat est by A ug st 2 0 , an conflctin national st an ard s al b with raw n at
t he lat est by Aug st 2 0
The re son for t he dev elo ment of t his Euro e n Stan ard are b cau e of t ec nical adv an ement s in yarn
an fa ric st ru t ures an pro ert ies, whic in re se pr od ct ran e an dev elo ment s
EN 14 0 D etermin tio n ofth elas ticity offa rics con ist s of t he folow in p rt s:
Part 1: Strip tes ts
Part 2: Mu ltia ial tes ts
Part 3 : Narow fa rics
Ac ordin t o t he CEN/CENELEC Internal R eg lat ion , t he national st an ard organization of t he folow in
cou t ries are b u d t o implement t his Euro e n St an ard: Aust r ia, Belgium, Cypru , Czec R epublc,
Denmark, Est onia, Finlan , Fran e, German , Gre ce, Hu gary, Icelan , Irelan , Italy, L tvia, Lit huania,
Lux emb urg, Malt a, Net herlan s, Nor w ay, Polan , Port ugal, R omania, Slovakia, Slov enia, Sp in, Sw eden,
Switzer lan an United K in dom
Trang 61 Scope
This Euro e n St an ar d sp cifies t he met hod of t es w hic can b u ed t o me s re elast icity an relat ed
pro erties of fa ric , when t hey u dergo a deformat ion of t heir s race, ex clu in narow fa ric Tw o
met hod are sp cified, one a d namic met hod (met hod A) an the ot her a st atic met hod (met hod B)
The res lt s o t ained can ot b comp red The c oice of met hod s ould b agre d b tween p rt ies an
in icat ed in t he t est re ort
2 Normat ive references
The folowin referen ed doc ment s are in isp n a le for t he a plcation of t his doc men F r dated
referen es, only the edition cit ed a ples F r u dat ed referen es, t he lat est edition of t he referen ed
doc ment in lu in an amen ment s) a ples
EN 14 0 -1, Determin tio of th elas tic ity offa rics — Part 1: Strip tes ts
EN ISO 13 , Te tie — Sta dard atmos ph re fo r conditio in a d tes tin (ISO 139:2005)
EN ISO 7 0 -1, Metal c materials — Verificatio of s tatic u ia ial tes tin machin s — Part 1:
Te s io /compres s io tes tin machin s — Verificatio a d calbratio of th force- me s urin s ys tem
(ISO 7500- 1: 200 )
EN ISO 10 12, Me su reme t ma ag eme t systems — R eq u ireme ts for me sureme t pro esses a d
me s urin eq u ipme t (ISO 10 12: 2 003)
3 Terms and definit ions
F r t he purp ses of t his doc men t he folow in t erms an definit ion a ply
pro erty of a mat erial by v irt ue of whic it ten s t o recov er it s original size an s a e immediat ely aft er t he
remov al of t he force cau in deformat ion
3.3
con ta trate-ofex te sion (CR E) t estin ma hin
t en ie test in mac ine prov ided with one clamp, whic is stat ionary an anot her clamp, whic mov es wit h a
con t ant sp ed t hrou hout t he tes t he ent ire test in s st em b in virt ualy fe fom deflect ion
3.4
ba gin
resid al deformat ion, ex pres ed in mi met res, b tw een t he o ginal st ate an t he st at e of t he s race when it
has u dergone a mult idirect ional force, whic by re etit ion cre t es a “b g”
3.5
max imum d forma on
max imum deformat ion, ex pres ed in mi imet res, dev elo ed when a sp cified force is a pled t o t he s race of
t he test sp cimen comp red t o the original st ate of a test sp cimen
Trang 7max imum forc
force recorded in newton at t he p sit ion w hen a t est sp cimen is t aken t o a fix ed disten ion
los of force me s red ov er t ime when a t est sp cimen is st ret ched to a sp cified dist en ion or force an held
at t his p sit ion for a given time p riod
NOT E T he d c y in forc is e pres e as a p rc ent ag of t he origin l forc re ord d at t he sp cifie p sit io Se
Ann x A
4 Principle
A fa ric t est sp cimen of sp cified dimen ion is dist en ed at a con t ant rat e to eit her a sp cified force or
dist en ion for an agre d n mb r of c cles, an it s elast icity det ermined by me s rin certain c aract eristic
F bric samples s al b select ed in ac ordan e w ith t he prod ct sp cification In t he a sen e of a prod ct
sp cificat ion for t he fa ric, the sampln met hod giv en in Anne B may b u ed
6 At mosphere for condit ioning and t est ing
The at mospheres for precon itionin , con itionin an t est in s al b as sp cified in EN ISO 13
The fa ric samples s al b con it ioned for a minimum of 2 h in a t en ion fe st at e The pre ared
sp cimen s al b con itioned in a t en ion fe st at e for a furt her 4 h aft er pre aration, t o minimise t he
efect s of han ln d rin pre aration
7 Preparat ion of t est specimens
From e c la orator y sample pre are a minimum of fiv e t est sp cimen F r Met hod A , no t est sp cimen
s al b c t fom wit hin 15 mm of eit her ed e of t he la orat or y sample No test sp cimen t aken fom t he
sample s al cont ain the same en s an pic s or wales an courses
NOT E An e ample of a suitable p t t ern for c t tin test sp c ime s from t he la orat ory sample is giv en in A nn x C
Avoid select in t est sp cimen fom folded or cre sed are s, selv ed es an are s not re resentat iv e of t he
fa ric
Trang 88 Method A – Dynamic t est
8.1 Apparatus
8.1.1 CRE tes tin machin
Met rological confirmat ion s st em of t he t en ie t estin mac ine s al b in ac ordan e w it h
EN ISO 10 12
The con t ant -rat e-ofex t en ion test in mac ine s al conform t o t he folow in
a) The t en ie t est in mac ine s al b provided w it h t he me n for in icat in or recordin t he force an
deformat ion v alues when c cln b tween t he original p sition an eit her a fix ed lo d or fix ed deformat ion
Un er con it ion of u e, t he ac urac of t he a p rat us s al b at le st clas 1 of EN ISO 7 0 -1 The
eror of t he in icat ed or recorded max imum force at an p int in t he ran e in w hic t he mac ine is u ed
s al not ex ce d 1 % an the eror of t he in icated or recorded jaw se aration s al not ex ce d 1 mm
b) If recordin of force or elon ation is o tained by me n of dat a ac uisit ion b ard an soft w are, t he
feq en y of dat a colection s al b at le st eig t p r secon
c) The mac ine s al b ca a le of con t ant rates of dist en ion in lu in 2 mm/min t o 5 0 mm/min with an
ac urac of ± 10 %
d) The mac ine s al b ca a le of v ar i ble gau e len th set t in s in lu in 0 t o 10 mm, t o an ac urac of
± 1 mm
e) The clampin rin an pr ob s al b p sitioned w it h t he cent re in lne w it h t he a pled force The
mac ine s al b calbrat ed w it h t he clamp an pr ob in p sit ion
The clampin rin s al b ca a le of holdin the t est sp cimen wit hout alow in it to slp an desig ed
so t hat it do s not c t or other wise w eaken t he t est sp cimen (se Anne D)
8.1.2 Eq u ipme t forcuttin circ lar t est sp cimen t o t he req ired dimen ion
8.1.3 Calbrated metal rule grad at ed in mi imet res
8.2 T est spe ime pre aration
Eac test sp cimen s al b c t 14 ± 2) mm in diamet er (se Anne C)
8.3 Proc dure for loa ing t est spe ime in clamping ring (se Fig res D.1 an D.2)
8.3.1 Position t he clampin rin (2) onto lo din b se (7), place t he t est sp cimen face dow n int o t he rin ,
t he face of t he fa ric wi b visible to t he o er at or d rin t he t es Nex t locate holdin rin (4) ont o t he
sp cimen an finaly loc in rin (5) an s rew dow n on t he sp cimen
8.3.2 Set t he dist en ion rat e of t he sp cimen at 10 mm/min for wov en an non-w oven fa ric an
5 0 mm/min for k it t ed
8.3.3 Fix a s ita le lo d cel t o t he mov in cros he d of t he t est in mac ine an t hen con ect t he pro e
8.3.4 Set he req ired c cln lmit s t o c cle b tween t he o ginal p sit ion an 10 N (k it t ed an non-wov en)
or 5 N (w oven) or 10 N (upholst er y) Ot her lo din lmit s can b u ed as agre d b tw een p rties
8.3.5 In ert he lo ded clampin rin w ith sp cimen in place onto the b se u it (6) w hic has b en a ac ed
ont o t he b se of t he t estin mac ine (se Fig re D.2)
Trang 98.3.6 Position t he pro e t o give a dist an e of b tw een 2 mm an 5 mm b t w een t he fa ric s race an the
b t t om of t he pro e
8.3.7 En age t he dev ice for r ecordin t he force an deformat ion me s rement s req ired Put the
cros he d in mot ion an c cle t he t est sp cimen b tw een t he original p sit ion an t he req ir ed max imum
force for 5 c cles Durin t he first c cle det ermine t he deformat ion at a force of 0,2 N
F r t he det erminat ion of force decay, d e t o time, on t he final c cle set t he CRE t est in mac ine t o ‘hold’ at
t he max imum force for a 6 s p riod
If it is req ired to det ermine t he u -ecov ered deformat ion, w ait for 6 s aft er complet ion of t he fift h c cle
Take t he cros he d down for a furt her six t h c cle an record t he deformat ion aft er c cln an recov ery at a
force of 0,2 N
NOT E Ma y of t he p ramet ers me sure c n b d t ermin d b ma u l a aly sis of gra hs a d b soft ware d t a
c olec tio pro e ures It is rec omme d d that as es me t of t he in iv id al soft ware is c rie o t t o est ablsh a c urac y of
t he d t a c olec t ed
8.4 R ecording
8.4.1 R ecord t he max imum deformat ion in mi imet res at t he max imum force d rin the fift h c cle, fom t he
c rv es or dat a generat ed in t he tes as agre d b tw een t he relev ant p rt ies
8.4.2 R ecord t he mod lu at an deformat ion p int alon t he lo d or u lo d c rves as agre d b tween
relev ant p rties
8.5 Ex pres ions a d calculations of test results
The folowin v alues s al, w here a plca le, b calc lat ed fom t he dat a recorded d rin the tes
Max imum deformat ion, S, ex pres ed in mi imet res
S = E - L
w here
E is t he deformat ion (mm) at max imum force on t he fift h c cle;
L is t he original deformat ion at 0,2 N (mm)
F rce decay d e t o t ime, A, ex pres ed as a p rcentage
w here
V is t he max imum force fom t he final c cle;
W is t he max imum force on t he final c cle, aft er a sp cified holdin p r i d
Trang 10Un-ecov ered deformat ion (b g in ), C, ex pres ed in mm
C = Q - P
w here
Q is t he deformat ion at 0,2 N in mi imet res aft er a sp cified recov er y p riod at t he o ginal p sit ion;
P is t he original deformat ion take d rin the first c cle at 0,2 N
8.6 T est re ort
The t est re ort s al in lu e t he folow in informat ion:
a) referen e t o t his Euro e n St an ard, i.e EN 14 0 -2 an dat e of t es
b) ident ification of t est sample an sampln proced re, if req ir ed;
c) force u ed t o record the deformat ion b fore an aft er c cln ;
d) rat e of ex t en ion u ed in mi imet res p r min t e;
e) st at e or con ition of t est sp cimen (original, w as ed, aged);
f) n mb r of t est sp cimen p rt ic larly if les t han 5;
g) diamet er of t est rin an pr ob ;
h) an dev iat ion fom t his proced re;
i) max imum c cln force;
j) arit hmet ic me n of maximum deformat ion in mi met res whic ev er is req ired an for whic c cle;
k ) arit hmet ic me n of mod lu , t he deformat ion p int in mi imet res an c cle, when req ir ed;
l) arit hmet ic me n of force decay – d e t o time an relevant c cles, when req ir ed;
m) arit hmet ic me n of u -ecov ered deformat ion, when req ired;
n) if req ired, t he co ficient of v ariation for t he relevant me s red an calc lated values;
o) if req ired, t he 9 % confiden e lmit s of t he relev ant me s red an calc lated values;
p) an dev iat ion fom t he proced re
9 Met hod B – St at ic t est
9.1 Prel minary test
9.1.1 Ap aratu
CRE tes tin machin as des rib d in EN 14 0 -1, Method A
Trang 119.1.2 Preparation of t est spe ime s
Cut wo sp cimen (5 ± 1) mm by (3 0 ± 1) mm, one wit h t he lon er dimen ion in t he len th dir ect ion of t he
fa ric, an one w ith t he lon er dimen ion in t he widt h direct ion of t he fa ric
9.1.3 Proc d re
Det ermine t he max imum p rcent age elon at ion of t he fa ric in e c direction at (3 ± 1) N, ac ordin to
EN 14 0 -1, Met hod A, an record t o t he ne rest 5 % notin w hic direction has t he ‘hig e elon ation an
w hic has t he ‘ower’ elon at ion
9.2 Actual stat ic test
9.2.1 Ap aratu
Static tes tin rig (se Anne E)
9.2.2 Sele tion of t es n parameters
9.2.2.1 Usin Ta le 1 an the hig er an low er elon ation of t he fa ric o tained in 9.1.3, re d of t he
len t h to whic the fame s ould b set L
f) mm
The widt h of t he fame is fix ed at 10 mm For a fa ric t hat has t he same elon at ion in b th direction t he
len t h of t he fame s ould also b set o 10 mm F r fa ric wit h a lower elon at ion in one direction than the
ot her, t he dir ect ion of lower elon at ion is mou t ed len t hw ise on t he fame, an t he len th t o b u ed is set
coresp n in ly lon er so t hat t he fa ric is dist en ed as u iformly as p s ible in b t h direct ion d rin t he
t es
9.2.2.2 Usin Ta le 2 an t he hig er elon at ion of t he fa ric o t ained in 9.1.3, re d of t he deformat ion (L
d)
mm t o b a pled d rin the t es
9.2.3 Prepara on of te t spe ime s
Cut w o sp cimen of w idth (13 ± 1) mm an len th (3 + L
f) mm, with the widt h of t he sample p ralel t o t he
direct ion of t he hig er elon at ion of t he fa ric
9.2.4 Proc dure
R emov e t he hemispherical s a e an s p ort it ems 3 an 4 in Fig re E.1) fom the fame
Adju t t he p sition of t he remov able smal sides of t he up er an lower fames t o t he len th set t in L
f
est abls ed fom Ta le 1
R aise the up er fame, it em 1 in Fig re E.1, to t he vert ical p sition en ur in t hat t he zero of t he s ale is at
t he to
Place t he b c of t he fa ric (or t he face w hic s ould b in contact with t he hemispherical s a e) of t he t est
sp cimen again t t he up er fame an sec re it with ad esive t ap or t he ot her me n ) The t est sp cimen is
ret ained in place u der it s own mas
Fix t he low er fame again t t he up er fame by me n of t he loc in dev ice
L wer the fame ont o it s fe t wit h the test sp cimen in a hori ont al p sition