Bsi bs en 13631 4 2002 (2003)

Unknown BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 13631 4 2002 Explosives for civil uses — High explosives — Part 4 Determination of sensitiveness to impact of explosives The European Standard EN 13631 4 2002 has the st[.]

BRITISH STANDARD BS EN

13631-4:2002

Explosives for civil

uses — High

explosives —

Part 4: Determination of sensitiveness

to impact of explosives

The European Standard EN 13631-4:2002 has the status of a

British Standard

ICS 71.100.30

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This British Standard was

published under the authority

of the Standards Policy and

Strategy Committee on

6 June 2003

© BSI 6 June 2003

National foreword

This British Standard is the official English language version of

EN 13631-4:2002

The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee CII/61, Explosives for civil uses, which has the responsibility to:

A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary

Cross-references

The British Standards which implement international or European

publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue

under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or

by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British

Standards Online

This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract Users are responsible for its correct application

Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.

— aid enquirers to understand the text;

— present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the

UK interests informed;

— monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK

Summary of pages

This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 11 and a back cover

The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued

Amendments issued since publication

EUROPEAN STANDARD

NORME EUROPÉENNE

EUROPÄISCHE NORM

EN 13631-4

September 2002

ICS 71.100.30

English version Explosives for civil uses - High explosives - Part 4:

Determination of sensitiveness to impact of explosives

Explosifs à usage civil - Explosifs - Partie 4: Détermination

de la sensibilité à l'impact des explosifs Bestimmung der Schagempfindlichkeit von ExplosivstoffenExplosivstoffe für zivile Zwecke - Sprengstoffe - Teil 4:

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 11 July 2002.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German) A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION

C O M I T É E U R O P É E N D E N O R M A L I S A T I O N

E U R O P Ä IS C H E S K O M IT E E FÜ R N O R M U N G

Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels

© 2002 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved

worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref No EN 13631-4:2002 E

page

Foreword 3

1 Scope 4

2 Normative references 4

3 Terms and definitions 4

4 Principle 4

5 Apparatus 5

6 Test pieces 7

7 Procedure 8

8 Test report 9

Annex A (informative) Range of applicability of the test method 10

Annex ZA (informative) Clauses of this European Standard addressing essential requirements or other provisions of EU Directives 11

EN 13631-4:2002 (E)

3

Foreword

This document (EN 13631-4:2002) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 321 "Explosives for civil uses", the secretariat of which is held by AENOR

This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or

by endorsement, at the latest by March 2003, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2003

This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s)

For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document

This European Standard is one of a series of standards on Explosives for civil uses - High explosives The other parts of this series are:

prEN 13631-1 Part 1: Requirements

EN 13631-2 Part 2: Determination of thermal stability of explosives

prEN 13631-3 Part 3: Determination of sensitiveness to friction of explosives

EN 13631-5 Part 5: Determination of resistance to water

EN 13631-6 Part 6: Determination of resistance to hydrostatic pressure

prEN 13631-7 Part 7: Determination of safety and reliability at extreme temperatures

prEN 13631-10 Part 10: Method for the verification of the means of initiation

prEN 13631-11 Part 11: Determination of transmission of detonation

prEN 13631-12 Part 12: Determination of the initiating capability of boosters

prEN 13631-13 Part 13: Method for the determination of density

prEN 13631-14 Part 14: Method for the determination of velocity of detonation

prEN 13631-15 Part 15: Calculation of thermodynamic properties

prEN 13631-16 Part 16: Detection and measurement of toxic gases

Annex A of this document is informative

According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom

1 Scope

This European Standard specifies a method for determining the sensitiveness to impact of explosives

2 Normative references

This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text, and the publications are listed hereafter For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments)

prEN 13857-1:2001, Explosives for civil uses – Part 1: Terminology

EN ISO 683-17:1999, Heat-treated steels, alloy steels and free-cutting steels – Part 17: Ball and roller bearing steels (ISO 683-17:1999)

EN ISO 4957, Tool steels (ISO 4957:1999)

EN ISO/IEC 17025, General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories (ISO/IEC 17025:1999)

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply in addition to those given in

prEN 13857-1:2001:

3.1

reaction

occurrence of report or flame

3.2

drop height

distance between the uppermost part of the impact device and the lower face of the striking head immediately before the drop

3.3

impact energy

energy of the drop weight immediately before impact, calculated by multiplying the mass of the drop weight by the drop height and by the acceleration due to gravity

NOTE For practical purposes, the acceleration due to gravity is rounded to 10 m/s² so that, for example, with a drop weight

of mass 1 kg and a drop height of 500 mm the impact energy is assumed to be 5 J

3.4

sensitiveness to impact

lowest impact energy at which a reaction is obtained from at least one out of six tests

4 Principle

A weight of known mass is dropped onto a sample of the explosive which is confined in a way that during the impact of the weight no significant friction is applied to the explosive

EN 13631-4:2002 (E)

5

5 Apparatus

5.1 Drop Hammer, (see Figure 1) consisting of a cast steel block with base, an anvil, a column, guides, drop weights with release device, and an impact device The column is made from a seamless drawn steel tube The support into which the column is fixed is bolted to the back of the steel block The dimensions of the anvil (see 5.2) and the intermediate anvil are given in Figure 2, which shows the arrangement of the lower parts The two guides which are fixed to the column by means of three cross-pieces are fitted with a toothed rack to limit the re-bound of the drop weight (see 5.3) and a moveable graduated scale for adjusting the drop height

NOTE An example of drop hammer is the BAM fall-hammer

Dimensions in millimetres

Key

1 Guides

2 Release device

3 Drop weight

4 Anvil

5 Column

6 Steel block

Key

1 Impact device

2 Locating ring

3 Locating plate

4 Intermediate anvil

5 Anvil

6 Steel block

Figure 1 General arrangement of the BAM

fall-hammer(scheme of BAM 1 apparatus)

Figure 2 – Lower part of the BAM fall-hammer

The drop height shall be accurate to within ± 0,5 cm The drop weight release mechanism is adjustable between the guides and is clamped to them by the operation of a lever nut on two jaws The apparatus shall be firmly

1 BAM: Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung

secured to a concrete block, with minimum dimensions of 0,6 m × 0,6 m × 0,6 m, by means of four anchoring bolts The guides shall be vertical A wooden protective box with inner protective lining and a window for observation surrounds the apparatus up to the level of the bottom crossbar

5.2 Steel anvil, screwed onto the steel block and cast base The steel used for the anvil is of type 90 MnCrV 8 (EN ISO 4957, HRC hardness of 60)

5.3 Three drop weights of mass 1 kg, 5 kg and 10 kg Each drop weight is provided with two locating grooves

to hold it between the guides as it drops A suspension spigot, a removable cylindrical striking head and a rebound catch are screwed onto the drop weight The striking head is made from hardened steel of the same type as the anvil (see 5.2) with a minimum diameter of 25 mm It has a shoulder to prevent it from being forced into the drop weight by the impact The drop weights are used in conjunction with particular drop heights to produce the impact energies as given in Table 1 The mass of each drop weight shall be within ± 0,1% of its specified mass

Table 1 - Combinations of drop height, mass of drop weight and the resulting impact energies

Drop height

cm

Mass of drop weight

kg

Impact energy

J

5.4 Impact device, consisting of two coaxial steel cylinders, one above the other in a hollow cylindrical steel guide ring The cylinders are steel rollers from roller bearings with polished surfaces and rounded edges Both the ring and the steel rollers are made of steel 100Cr6 as specified in EN ISO 683-17:1997 (HRC-Hardness 58 to 65) The dimensions of the cylinders and the ring are given in Figure 3 The impact device is placed on an intermediate anvil and centred by a locating ring with a ring of vent-holes to permit the escape of gases

EN 13631-4:2002 (E)

7

Key

1 Steel cylinders

2 Guide collar

3 Locating ring

Dimensions in millimetres

Figure 3 – Parts of the impact device and their dimensions

6 Test pieces

6.1 Solid substances which are easily broken up or in powdered form

Granular substances shall be passed through a sieve with an aperture size of 0,5 mm The fraction which passes through the sieve shall be used for the test

Substances which have been compressed, cast or otherwise consolidated shall be broken into small pieces and sieved The fraction which passes through a 1 mm sieve and is retained on a 0,5 mm sieve is used for the test For substances which contain more than one constituent, the sieve fraction used for the test shall be representative

of the original sample

A sample of the substance prepared as described above shall be taken with a cylindrical measure of 40 mm3 capacity (3,7 mm diameter by 3,7 mm length) for each test

6.2 Plastic bonded substances and other solids which are not easily broken up

These substances shall be tested in the form of discs of about 4 mm in diameter and about 3 mm in thickness (volume 40 mm³)

6.3 Paste-like and gel-type substances

For these substances no special preparation is necessary A sample shall be taken with a cylindrical tube of

40 mm3 capacity (3,7 mm diameter by 3,7 mm length) The tube shall be inserted into the substance and, after levelling off the surplus, the sample shall be removed from the tube by means of a wooden rod For substances which contain more than one constituent, the sample used for the test shall be representative of the original sample

6.4 Liquid substances

A sample is taken with a fine-drawn pipette of 40 mm3 capacity

7 Procedure

7.1 Preparation of the impact device

Set the appropriate drop weight and the release device to the required drop height and clamp the release device to the guides Place the impact device into the locating ring on the intermediate anvil without the upper steel cylinder Place solid, paste-like and gel-type samples directly into the open impact device Place the upper steel cylinder in the impact device and press gently until it touches the sample, which can be recognised by a noticeable resistance Avoid flattening of the sample as much as possible Where consecutive determinations have to be undertaken with the same sample, note the height of the upper cylinder with respect to the collar and set to the same height for each of the subsequent determinations

Place liquid samples in the open device in such a way that the groove between the lower steel cylinder and the guide ring is filled Carefully lower the upper steel cylinder until its lower face is 2 mm above the lower cylinder Hold in place with a rubber toroidal ring If capillary action causes the sample to exude from around the top of the sleeve, clean the assembly and introduce a further test portion See Figure 4

7.2 Determination

Place the filled impact device centrally on the intermediate anvil and close the protective wooden box Commence the test with an impact energy of 10 J, that is with a drop weight of 5 kg and a drop height of 20 cm (see Table 1 for weight/height combinations to produce specific impact energies) Release the drop weight and observe the behaviour of the sample The observation is classified into one of these categories:

a) reaction (see 3.1);

b) no reaction

If in this test a reaction is observed, repeat the test with stepwise lower impact energies until no reaction is observed At this impact energy level repeat the test five times providing no reaction occurs Otherwise repeat the test with stepwise reduction in impact energy levels until the limiting impact energy is determined If at the impact energy level of 10 J no reaction is observed, continue the determination by tests at stepwise increased impact energies until a reaction is obtained Then reduce the impact energy in steps until the sensitiveness to impact is determined

If at the impact energy level of 50 J no reaction is observed repeat the test 5 times providing no reaction occurs