Bsi bs en 13036 6 2008

untitled BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 13036 6 2008 Road and airfield surface characteristics — Test methods — Part 6 Measurement of transverse and longitudinal profiles in the evenness and megatexture wavel[.]

Road and airfield

surface

characteristics —

Test methods —

Part 6: Measurement of transverse

and longitudinal profiles in the

evenness and megatexture

wavelength ranges

ICS 93.080.10; 93.120

This British Standard was

published under the authority

of the Standards Policy and

Strategy Committee

on 30 June 2008

© BSI 2008

National foreword

This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 13036-6:2008

The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee B/510, Road materials, to Subcommittee B/510/5, Surface characteristics

A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary

This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract Users are responsible for its correct application

Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.

Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication

EUROPÄISCHE NORM March 2008

ICS 93.080.10; 93.120

English Version

Road and airfield surface characteristics - Test methods - Part 6:

Measurement of transverse and longitudinal profiles in the

evenness and megatexture wavelength ranges

Caractéristiques de surface des routes et aérodromes

-Méthodes d'essais - Partie 6 : Mesure de profils

transversaux et longitudinaux dans le domaine de

longueurs d'onde correspondant à l'uni et à la mégatexture

Oberflächeneigenschaften von Straßen und Flugplätzen -Prüfverfahren - Teil 6: Bestimmung der Quer- und Längsprofile in den Wellenlängen der Ebenheit und der

Megatextur

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 4 February 2008.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German) A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION

C O M I T É E U R O P É E N D E N O R M A L I S A T I O N

E U R O P Ä IS C H E S K O M IT E E FÜ R N O R M U N G

Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels

© 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved

Contents Page

Foreword 3

Introduction 4

1 Scope 5

2 Terms and definitions 5

3 Equipment performance classification 7

3.1 General 7

3.2 Travelled distance accuracy of longitudinal and/or transverse profiling 8

3.3 Vertical sensor resolution of longitudinal profiling 8

3.4 Acquisition sampling interval of longitudinal profiling 8

3.5 Reporting sampling interval of longitudinal profiling 9

3.6 Large wavelength cut-off (-3dB) of longitudinal profiling 9

3.7 Vertical resolution of transverse profiling 9

3.8 Acquisition sampling interval of transverse profiling 9

3.9 Acquisition repetition interval of transverse profiling 9

3.10 Reporting repetition interval of transverse profiling 9

3.11 Transverse gradient measurement accuracy of transverse profiling 9

4 Procedures of measurement 10

4.1 Methods for measurement of profiles 10

4.2 Operational guidelines 10

4.3 Field testing 11

4.4 Equipment maintenance and repair 13

5 Report 14

5.1 Calibration report 14

5.2 Survey report 14

6 Safety 15

Bibliography 16

Foreword

This document (EN 13036-6:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 227 “Road materials”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN

This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2008, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2008

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom

Introduction

This European Standard details the criteria for classifying profilometers according to profiling capabilities as well as the procedures for measuring transverse and longitudinal profiles in the evenness and megatexture wavelength ranges, independent of the test method and the equipment used

The requirements regarding the performance of the measurement shall be independent of the measurement method used This basic principle permits the development of new technologies and a variety of measurement devices without the need to modify this standard

This European Standard is restricted to requirements about measurement specifications (e.g accuracy, resolution, wavelength range)

Compliance with the requirements and classifications outlined in this standard will result in a geometrical representation of a profile intended to be used for research purposes or for further analysis aiming at summary indices for transverse profiles and/or longitudinal profiles in the evenness and megatexture wavelength ranges

Evenness of pavements is important for reasons of safety, comfort and behaviour of vehicles, (pay)loads, road and bridge constructions, fuel consumption, etc

Evenness demands are related to the speed limits, the kind of traffic, the climatic conditions, the accepted comfort limits, etc

1 Scope

This European Standard establishes the minimum requirements and criteria for classification and measurement procedures with profiling devices, designed for the measurement of transverse and/or longitudinal profiles in the unevenness and megatexture wavelength ranges Recommendations for verification and calibration are included

Profiling devices are equipment to measure evenness of pavements in the longitudinal and/or in the transverse direction of the pavement

Highway agencies, airfield authorities, equipment manufacturers, and other organizations can use this standard to define the measuring capabilities of survey equipment that collects the data necessary to characterize surface conditions

Evenness measurements can be performed by means of static or dynamic devices The standard includes high-speed, low-speed, and stationary equipment

NOTE A dynamic measurement is a measurement executed out of a device running in the normal traffic flow at the accepted minimum speed or at higher speed (high-speed)

2 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply

2.1

longitudinal profile

intersection between the pavement surface and a conventional reference plane perpendicular to the pavement surface and parallel to the lane direction

2.2

transverse profile

intersection between the pavement surface and a reference plane perpendicular to the pavement surface and

to the lane direction

2.3

wavelength

distance between periodically repeated parts of a sinusoidal curve

2.4

unevenness

deviation of a pavement surface from a true filtered planar surface in a wavelength range of 0,5 m to 50 m

2.5

megatexture

deviation of a pavement surface from a filtered true planar surface in a wavelength range of 50 mm to 500 mm

2.6

profiling

method in which a measurement of a pavement surface profile is recorded for subsequent analysis The profile data are used for calculating certain mathematically defined parameters

2.7

crossfall

transverse gradient across a section or full width of a pavement measured perpendicular to the centre line

NOTE Crossfall can be expressed as a percentage, a ratio (e.g 1 in 30) or as an angle to the horizontal By convention, it is positive when the right end of the profile is lower than its left end

2.8

surface line

angle between the horizontal and a line touching the surface at a point to the left of the left wheel path and a point to the right of the right wheel path

2.9

regression line

angle between the horizontal and the regression straight line through the transverse road profile defined by at least seven measurement points spaced across that profile

2.10

rut bottom line

angle between the horizontal and a line touching the bottoms of the left and right wheel paths defined by three measurement points

2.11

design crossfall

represents the crossfall of the desired transverse profile

2.12

constructed crossfall

represents the best straight line through the new constructed transverse profile

2.13

actual crossfall

represented by one of the three definitions (see 2.8, 2.9 or 2.10)

NOTE It should be specified in the report which definition has been used

2.14

test track

road section or special track where the tests are carried out, identified by a code

EXAMPLE Section P

2.15

test section

part of a pavement surface containing lane(s) with known geometrical data

2.16

calibration section

test section with known surface geometry

2.17

reference profile

digitised geometric description of a longitudinal or transversal road profile obtained by means of a profiling method with well-known reliability accuracy better than the one requested for the corresponding class of dynamic profilometers

2.18

accuracy

closeness of the agreement between the result of a measurement and a true value of the measured

2.19

travelled distance accuracy

maximum relative error in percent on the measurement of the distance travelled by the measuring vehicle

2.20

transverse gradient measurement accuracy

maximum absolute error on the determination of the transverse slope of the agreed gradient reference system

2.21

vertical resolution (longitudinal and transversal)

smallest difference in elevation that can be detected

2.22

horizontal resolution (longitudinal and transversal)

smallest horizontal distance over which a change in elevation can be detected

2.23

longitudinal acquisition sampling interval

distance between two consecutive data points in a discrete longitudinal profile measurement

2.24

transversal acquisition sampling interval

distance between two consecutive data points in a discrete transversal profile measurement in transverse direction (sensor spacing)

NOTE If the distances between the sensors are not equal, the mean value is calculated

2.25

reporting sampling interval (longitudinal and transversal)

distance corresponding to the interval between two consecutive reported measurement results

2.26

acquisition repetition interval (transversal)

travelled distance between two consecutive transverse profile measurements

2.27

reporting repetition interval (transversal)

distance corresponding to the longitudinal interval between two consecutive reported measurement results of transverse profiles

2.28

operator

person responsible for the execution of the measurement

3 Equipment performance classification

3.1 General

The classification of equipment is expressed as a code (see Table 1)

Table 1 — Classification of equipment Character position Description Example

The Code of the example would be: 1L1121T21212

If the device is measuring the longitudinal or the transversal profile then only that part of the classification is used

The examples are: 1L1121 or 1T21212

3.2 Travelled distance accuracy of longitudinal and/or transverse profiling

Class 1 ≥ 0,05 %;

Class 2 < 0,05 % but ≥ 0,2 %;

Class 3 < 0,2 % but ≥ 0,5 %

3.3 Vertical sensor resolution of longitudinal profiling

Class 1 ≤ 0,2 mm;

Class 2 > 0,2 mm and ≤ 0,5 mm;

Class 3 > 0,5 mm and ≤ 1,5 mm

3.4 Acquisition sampling interval of longitudinal profiling

Class 1 ≤ 50 mm;

Class 2 > 50 mm and ≤ 125 mm;

Class 3 >125 mm and ≤ 250 mm

3.5 Reporting sampling interval of longitudinal profiling

Class 1 ≤ 100 mm;

Class 2 > 100 mm but ≤ 250 mm;

Class 3 > 250 mm but ≤ 500 mm

3.6 Large wavelength cut-off (-3dB) of longitudinal profiling

Class 1 ≥ 100 m;

Class 2 < 100 m but ≥ 50 m;

Class 3 < 50 m but ≥ 10 m

3.7 Vertical resolution of transverse profiling

Class 1 ≤ 0,2 mm;

Class 2 > 0,2 mm but ≤ 0,5 mm;

Class 3 > 0,5 mm but ≤ 1,5 mm

3.8 Acquisition sampling interval of transverse profiling

Class 1 ≤ 75 mm;

Class 2 > 75 mm but ≤ 150 mm;

Class 3 > 150 mm but ≤ 350 mm

3.9 Acquisition repetition interval of transverse profiling

Class 1 ≤ 1 m;

Class 2 > 1 m but ≤ 5 m;

Class 3 > 5 m but ≤ 10 m

3.10 Reporting repetition interval of transverse profiling

Class 1 ≤ 5 m;

Class 2 > 5 m but ≤ 10 m;

Class 3 > 10 m but ≤ 20 m

3.11 Transverse gradient measurement accuracy of transverse profiling

Class 1 ≤ ± 0,15 %;

Class 2 > ± 0,15 % but ≤ ± 0,30 %,

Class 3 > ± 0,30 % but ≤ ± 0,60 %

4 Procedures of measurement

4.1 Methods for measurement of profiles

4.1.1 Methods of profiling

Any device able to obtain a real profile is valid for profiling if it satisfies the objective of the measurements

4.1.2 Selection according to the objective of the measurements

The selection of the valid method and requirements for the measurement shall be in accordance with the intended result of the surface evaluation The minimum profile accuracy required with respect to the objective

of the measurement shall be included in specifications for the measurement

4.2.1 Field operations

4.2.1.1 Some devices require a certain measurement speed and that speed shall be kept constant for the entire test section Most modern high-speed profilometers do not require a constant speed, but the speed shall be kept in the required speed limits

4.2.1.2 During profile data collection event marks have to be used to initiate data acquisition It could be

an automated operation or an operator activity A permanent reference point near the starting point on the side of the pavement (e.g a road sign, a tree) have to be used for consistency Several practice runs may be needed for data acquisition by a non automated method

4.2.1.3 In some instances, inclement weather (rain, snow, lightning, humidity and heavy cross winds) may interfere with the acquisition of acceptable data In general, profile measurements should not be conducted on wet pavements, particularly in the presence of pools of water, especially when displacement measuring lasers are used In these circumstances, run-to-run variations and potential data “spikes” should be closely watched

In some cases changing reflectivity of drying pavements due to differences in brightness of the pavement (light and dark areas) will provide results inconsistent with data collected on uniform (dry) pavements (dropouts) The results shall be reported and considered as invalid

4.2.1.4 In some instances, electromagnetic radiation from radar or radio transmitters will interfere with operations and data recording The results shall be reported and considered as invalid

4.2.1.5 If, during testing, the operator experiences unclear data collection, the test has to be ceased and the cause should be identified If the variation is due to equipment problems, the problem should be corrected

If the distortions are due to causes beyond the operator’s control, such as radar interferences or low sun angle, the operator should decide whether to proceed with testing or await more favourable conditions

4.2.1.6 Data identification rules are important so that all personnel will be able to understand where the data are taken