7 3.5 luminaire data per 1 000 lm of lamp flux photometric data of luminaire relative to a total theoretical luminous flux of 1 000 lm from all the lamps of the naire, when these are o
General
The intensity distribution is determined using a spherical coordinate system, with the center aligned to the photometric center of the luminaire, to define the direction of intensity measurements.
The coordinate system is defined by a set of planes intersecting at a single point known as the polar axis In this system, a direction in space is represented by two angles: the first angle is between a reference plane and the half-plane that includes the direction of interest, while the second angle is the angle between the polar axis and the direction itself, or its complement.
The orientation of the luminaire system relative to the first and second axes is carefully selected based on the luminaire type, lamp type, mounting position, and application This consideration is essential for achieving precise measurements and simplifying subsequent lighting calculations.
The manufacturer or photometric laboratory is responsible for defining the first and second axes according to the standard The third axis, which is perpendicular to the first two axes, contains the photometric center For details on the photometric center's location, refer to clause 5.8.
The primary axis of a luminaire typically runs perpendicular to its light-emitting area However, since this area may not always be distinctly defined and can be curved, it is essential to specify the relationship between this axis and a mechanical feature of the luminaire This includes aspects such as the design orientation for road luminaires, the front glass for floodlights, and the mounting surface for ceiling-mounted luminaires.
System of measuring planes
General
The luminous intensity distribution of a luminaire is typically measured across various planes Historically, three systems of measuring planes have been recognized by the CIE: A-, B-, and C-planes While this standard adopts the same terminology, it disregards the A-planes system The C-planes system is recommended as the standard for measurement.
The B-planes system may also be used, in particular for the photometry of luminaires such as floodlights
Any two of these planes with an angular difference of 180° will form a plane in the mathematical sense.
B-planes
The B-planes represent a collection of planes where the intersection line, known as the polar axis, passes through the photometric center and runs parallel to the luminaire's second axis.
B-planes are marked with angles Bx with -180° ≤ Bx ≤ +180° Within a plane directions are given by the angle β with – 90° ≤ β ≤ + 90° The system of B-planes is coupled rigidly to the light source and follows its tilt if the lumi- naire is tilted
The photometric centre of the luminaire lies in the centre of the co-ordinate system
The first axis of the luminaire lies in plane B0, is perpendicular to the polar axis through the photometric centre and points in the direction β = 0°
The second axis of the luminaire is coincident with the polar axis
Figure 2 — Luminaire orientation for B-planes
Conventions related to the choice of axes linked to the luminaire:
1) The first axis of the luminaire is the axis through the photometric centre and perpendicular to the plane which is representative for the main light emitting area
2) For floodlights the second axis of the luminaire generally is parallel to the spigot or tilting axis of the lumi- naires If orientation of the lamp requires a different orientation of the second axis, it shall be stated by the lamp manufacturer or the photometric laboratory
3) For luminaires other than floodlights containing linear single or double ended lamps, the axis of the lamp or the geometric axis of multiple lamps, is chosen as the third axis of the luminaire, perpendicular to the two first ones Thus the transverse plane to the lamps of the luminaire, which is generally the most extensive light emitting plane, lies in the B0 plane (for luminaires with a symmetry in this transverse plane in B0 /B180 plane)
4) For other luminaires with the lamp axis coincident with the first axis of the luminaire, for other luminaires with multiple lamps or for other luminaires where no lamp axes can be defined, the luminaire shall be orientated that: a) the maximum intensity Imax of the light distribution is within the B0 plane or if Imax is located at β = 0° or if there are more than one location of Imax; b) the B0 /B180 plane is the symmetry plane of the luminous intensity distribution with the highest degree of symmetry
The manufacturer or photometric laboratory must specify the choice of luminaire axes when applying conventions 1) or 2), or when different conventions are utilized This specification is essential for clearly identifying the luminaire alignment within the coordinate system, which is crucial for accurate photometric measurements and lighting calculations.
C-planes
The totality of C-planes refers to the collection of planes where the line of intersection, known as the polar axis, aligns vertically through the photometric center It's important to note that the polar axis may not align with the primary axis of the luminaire, especially if the luminaire is tilted during measurements.
C-planes are marked with angles Cx with 0° ≤ Cx < 360° Within a plane directions are given by the angle γ with 0° ≤ γ ≤ 180° The direction γ = 0° is oriented to the nadir
Figure 3 — Luminaire orientation for C-planes
The system of C-planes is oriented rigidly in space and does not follow a tilt of the luminaire
If the luminaire is tilted during measurement (the polar axis is not coincident with the first axis of the luminaire), the angle of tilt should be declared (see Figure 4)
Figure 4 — Definition of tilt angle
Conventions related to the choice of axes linked to the luminaire:
1) The first axis of the luminaire is the axis through the photometric centre and perpendicular to the plane which is representative of the main light emitting area
2) For luminaires containing linear single or double ended lamps, the axis of the lamp or the geometric axis of multiple lamps, is chosen as the third axis of the luminaire, perpendicular to the two first ones It means that the transverse plane to the lamps of the luminaire, which is generally the most extensive light emitting plane, lies in the C=0 plane (for luminaires with a symmetry in this transverse plane in C0 /C180 plane)
3) For luminaires with the lamp axis coincident with the first axis of the luminaire, for luminaires with multiple lamps or for luminaires where no lamp axes can be defined, the luminaire shall be orientated that: a) the maximum intensity Imax of the light distribution is within the C0 plane or if Imax is located at γ = 0° or if there are more than one location of Imax; b) the C0 /C180 plane is the symmetry plane of the luminous intensity distribution with the highest degree of symmetry
The manufacturer or photometric laboratory must specify the choice of luminaire axes when the latest convention 1) or 2) is applicable, or if different conventions are utilized This clarification is essential for accurately identifying the luminaire alignment within the coordinate system, which is crucial for both photometric measurements and lighting calculations.
For road lighting calculations, it is standard practice for the C0/C180 intensity planes to be aligned parallel to the road This alignment typically applies to most transversely mounted luminaires; however, it does not hold true for luminaires with linear lamps, where the lamp axis runs parallel to the road axis.
Relationships between the plane systems
The light intensity measured in a specific direction remains consistent regardless of how that direction is presented Typically, the angular values differ for any direction within the specified plane systems By utilizing the relationships outlined in Table 1, the angular values from one plane system can be converted to their corresponding values in another These relationships hold true only when the luminaire's tilt angle in the C-plane system is zero and when the second axis of the luminaire adheres to the orientation conventions of both coordinate systems.
Table 1 — Conversion equations for plane systems
Given Wanted For Planes For Angles
B, ò tanC=sinB/tanβ γ tan sin tan B = C × cos γ = cos B × cos β γ β sin sin sin = C ×
In certain countries, the B-planes system is also referred to as the A-planes system However, to prevent confusion with the coordinate systems initially established by the CIE, it is advisable to avoid using the term A-plane for this system.
General
The purpose of the tests is to evaluate the luminaire's characteristics using suitable equipment and procedures under standardized conditions These conditions are designed to be comparable across laboratories and closely reflect the typical service conditions for which the luminaire is intended.
Test conditions
Test room
To accurately measure a luminaire, it must be positioned in an environment where the photometer head exclusively captures light from the luminaire, either directly or through intended reflections Additionally, it is essential to minimize stray light in accordance with the specifications outlined in Annex A.
Test voltage
The test voltage at the supply terminals shall be the rated lamp voltage or the rated circuit voltage appropriate to the lamp control gear in use, if any
The voltage shall be controlled in accordance with Table 2.
Ambient temperature
The mean ambient temperature, Tm, shall equal (25 ± 1) °C throughout the test of the light source, except where larger tolereances are indicated in table 2
When the nominal luminous flux of a fluorescent lamp is specified at a temperature different from 25 °C, laboratories must apply a correction factor provided by the lamp manufacturer.
The ambient temperature shall be measured at a horizontal distance not exceeding 1,5 m to the surface of the light source with the lamps switched on
Photometric measurements not made in accordance with the mean ambient test temperature shall have correc- tion factors applied to the individual readings
Table 2 — Overview of selected requirements and operating conditions for light sources
Fluorescent Lamps High Pressure Mercury
Metal Halide Lamps Low Pressure
Stability of Sup- ply Voltage ± 0,1 % for DC ± 0,2 % for AC ± 0,2 %
Luminous Flux ± 1 % for DC ± 2 % for AC ± 2 % 1)
1 h or 1 % of life if less than
100 h, with 10 min off eight times per 24 h
100 h in the position used for test
!Stabilisa- tion" Time of light source 3)
Intensity measurements must be conducted at least once per minute for a duration of 15 minutes, ensuring that no two readings differ by more than 1% of the minimum value If maintaining this standard is not possible, the actual fluctuations must be reported Additionally, lamps should be allowed to cool in the measurement position for a duration that meets or exceeds the specified cooling time for the lamp type being used.
Annex F outlines the regulations for luminaires that utilize single capped tubular compact fluorescent lamps (TC-F, TC-L, and other TC lamps with external ballast), as well as 16 mm diameter linear double-capped fluorescent lamps (T16) and single-ended ring fluorescent lamps (T16-R).
Cooling Times of the Lamps ≥ 10 min ≥ 15 min ≥ 10 min
Operating Posi- tion of the Lamp
Vertical, base up, if not specified else by the lamp manufacturer
Tubular and ring shaped fluorescent lamps: horizon- tal, Compact fluorescent lamps: vertical, base up, if not specified else by the lamp manufacturer
Vertical, base up, if not specified else by the lamp manufacturer
As specified by the lamp manufacturer
Horizontal, if not otherwise specified by the lamp manu- facturer
Ambient Tem- perature (20 to 27) °C ± 3 °C 4) (25 ± 1) °C (20 to 27) °C ± 3 °C 4)
Remarks For luminous flux measure- ments of lamps special four pin sockets shall be applied to determine the electrical data
Double-ended metal halide lamps and high-pressure sodium lamps rated up to 400 W must be evaluated using a quartz tube for luminaire simulation It is essential to adjust the results to account for the loss of luminous flux within the luminaire simulator.
Stabilisation of the light source
Air movement around a tested light source can lower its operating temperature, leading to variations in luminous flux for certain lamp types This air movement may result from drafts, air conditioning, or the motion of the light source within the photometer, while the effects of self-heating from the light source itself should be disregarded.
Air movement in the vicinity of light sources sensitive to temperature variation shall not exceed 0,2 m/s
NOTE For lamps highly sensitive to temperature variations a smaller value may be necessary
Annex F regulations pertain to luminaires that utilize single capped tubular compact fluorescent lamps (TC-F, TC-L, and other TC lamps with external ballast), as well as 16 mm diameter linear double-capped fluorescent lamps (T16) and single-ended ring fluorescent lamps (T16-R).
5.2.5 !!!!Stabilisation""" of the light source "
Measurements should commence only after the light source has stabilized photometrically, as indicated in Table 2 At the conclusion of the measurement, and periodically throughout extended testing, it is essential to return to the initial position (e.g., 0° in elevation with a goniophotometer) to verify that the initial photometric reading remains within ± 1%.
For lamp types other than those listed in Table 2 test conditions should be selected to meet the repeatability re- quirements of ± 2 %.
Electrical power supply
Current handling capacity
The power supply must have sufficient current capacity to support the connected loads, and it is essential that the supply, along with any auxiliary transformers, maintains a very low impedance.
Stability of supply voltage
The voltage at the supply terminals of the luminaire and lamps shall be set and maintained at a constant value, within the tolerances given in Table 2.
AC frequency
The frequency of supply voltage shall be maintained constant within ± 0,5 % of the required frequency.
AC waveform
The total harmonic distortion of an AC supply voltage waveform should be minimized, ideally not exceeding 3% of the fundamental frequency However, this requirement may be relaxed in cases where only incandescent lamp luminaires are being measured.
DC ripple
If DC is applied, the voltage at the input terminals of the luminaire shall not contain more than 0,5 % of AC compo- nent
Electro-magnetic field
The electro-magnetic field caused by the electric power supply and by the luminaire or bare lamp supply circuit shall not affect the electrical or photometric measurement equipment.
Luminous intensity distribution measurements
Luminous intensities from a light source are measured in various directions using a goniophotometer For luminaires, these intensities are typically expressed in units of candela per 1,000 lumens, while for lamps, they are measured in candelas.
For very high or very low luminous intensities a multiplier may be used
NOTE Guidance for intensity distribution measurements is given in CIE Publication 70.
Luminous flux measurements
The luminous flux of a luminaire and its bare lamp is typically measured using luminous intensity integration methods with a goniophotometer For bare lamp measurements, an integrating photometer can be utilized when necessary.
NOTE Guidance for luminous flux measurements is given in CIE Publication 84
When measuring light output ratios using an integrator, it is crucial to ensure that variations in the luminous intensity distributions of the lamp and luminaire do not significantly affect accuracy This can be verified by comparing the results from the integrator with those obtained from a compliant goniophotometer, as specified in clause 6 The light output ratio values from both methods should not differ by more than ± 2%.
Luminance measurements
The following procedures shall be followed when measuring either the average luminance of a luminaire or the lu- minance of a stated luminous patch:
The average luminance of a luminaire in specific directions is determined by measuring luminous intensity with a goniophotometer This luminance is then calculated by dividing the luminous intensity by the projected luminous area.
The luminance of a specific luminous patch in a designated direction is typically assessed during a scan of the luminaire to identify the maximum luminance This scanning process can be repeated for various directions Measurements can be conducted using either a goniophotometer or a luminance meter The patch luminance can be directly measured with a luminance meter or obtained through a goniophotometer equipped with an appropriate mask.
Photometric factors
Photometric factors are of three types:
Measurement correction factors are essential for adjusting measurements based on varying conditions, such as ambient temperature and test position These factors are particularly important when laboratory measurements cannot be conducted as per clause 5.2 For lamps with nominal characteristics specified at temperatures other than 25 °C, the lamp manufacturer must provide the correction factor for the specific lamp and ballast combination.
2) service conversion factors: These apply when the service conditions differ from the test conditions according to clause 5.2 They are applied in the laboratory to allow for service conditions
The ballast lumen factor adjusts for the impact of using a luminaire with a ballast that has different characteristics than the reference ballast It is essential to include this factor alongside all photometric data.
The ballast must meet the electrical performance standards outlined in the relevant IEC Publications Its setting, which refers to the lamp power delivered under specified reference conditions, should remain within ± 5% of the corresponding reference ballast and accurately reflect the production ballast in both setting and power loss If the ballast setting exceeds these limits, a ballast lumen factor will be applied.
A reference ballast shall comply with its relevant IEC requirements
NOTE Ballast lumen factors are not relevant to luminaires employing self ballasted lamps.
Luminaires for test
The lamps must be measured and adhere to the applicable IEC standards In the absence of relevant publications, they should align as closely as possible with the manufacturer's nominal specifications.
When testing luminaires and bare lamps, it is essential to use the built-in ballasts of the luminaire If a luminaire lacks a built-in ballast, the ballast type must be mutually agreed upon with the manufacturer, and the same ballast should be utilized for both the luminaire and bare lamp testing.
The luminaire's specification shall be clearly and fully identified
When installing the luminaire, it is essential to follow the manufacturer's guidelines For surface-mounted luminaires, consider the increased heat retention and longer warm-up time compared to recessed or pendant-mounted options, and ensure the luminaire is securely attached to a mounting board.
The board must be approximately 15 mm thick and constructed from wood, wood fiber, or insulating material if necessary It should match the outline of the luminaire's plan view, with minor outline corrugations being acceptable The lower surface must be smooth and coated with a matte neutral grey non-metallic paint that has a reflectance of 50% ± 10% For boards intended for use in a photometric integrator, the upper surface and sides should be finished in matte white.
The position of the photometric centre of a luminaire shall be determined in accordance with the following and in accordance with Figure 5:
Luminaires featuring largely opaque sides should have a lamp compartment that is predominantly white or luminous at the center of the main opening, or at the lamp photometric center if positioned outside the opening plane Conversely, if the lamp compartment is mainly black or non-luminous and lacks a diffusing or prismatic member across the opening, this guideline still applies.
Luminaires featuring diffusing or prismatic sides are designed with a solid figure defined by luminous surfaces The lamp's photometric center is located at the center of this solid figure, even if it lies outside the boundaries of the figure.
3) Luminaires with transparent sides or without side members: At the lamp photometric centre
Luminaires other than those above shall have the definition of their photometric centre given in the publication of their data
Figure 5 — Photometric centre of a luminaire
Photometric centre opaque, substantially black opaque, diffuse or specular reflectant translucent, clear compartment
Photometric centre of light sources
6) Luminaire with shield, substantially black
8) Direct-indirect luminaire a) Luminant area 1 with photometric centre 1 b) Luminant area 2 with photometric centre 2
9) Luminaire with diffusing/prismatic sides
10) Indirect luminaire with secondary reflector
11) Outdoor luminaire with clear cover
12) Outdoor luminaire with diffusing/prismatic cover
General aspects
Goniophotometers
The light source is rotated around a vertical as well as a horizontal axis The photometer head is fixed
Measurements are possible only for light sources, which can be used in any orientation and whose relative lumi- nous intensity distribution does not change with burning position
Measurements of light sources with position-dependent luminous flux require corrections when the operating orientation deviates from the standard burning position An auxiliary photometer can be used to determine these corrections, provided that its photometer head maintains a consistent direction and distance from the light source during movement This ensures that any changes in luminous flux due to variations in burning position lead to a proportional photo current.
NOTE 1 The ratio of the reference value and the photometer reading of the auxiliary photometer taken at the same time as a measured value may be used as a correction factor for the measured value The reference value is the photometer reading of the auxiliary photometer, taken after the light source has been stabilized in its standards burning position
NOTE 2 The partial luminous flux, which is used for correction, can be led to the auxiliary photometer through the end of a fibre optic, if the other end is completely reflecting and - without the usual protective coat - wound stably around the lamp The goniophotometers of type 1 can be distinguished as follows:
1) Type 1.1: a) fixed horizontal axis, movable vertical axis; b) measurement B-planes
2) Type 1.2: a) fixed vertical axis, movable horizontal axis; b) measurement in B-planes
3) Type 1.3: a) fixed vertical axis, movable horizontal axis; b) measurement in C-planes
The light source is rotated around a vertical axis and the photometer head is moved
The goniophotometers of type 2 can be distinguished as follows:
1) Type 2.1: a) fixed vertical axis, movable horizontal axis; b) measurement in C-planes
Light source and photometer head are situated on different ends of rotation axis
3) Type 2.3: moving of the photometer head on a straight line, (e.g horizontal and/or vertical)
The light source is rotated around a vertical axis, a mirror arrangement around a horizontal axis The photometer head is fixed
Mirrors used in photometry must be plane and should not obstruct the view of the light source from the photometer head They should exhibit a spectrally constant reflectance, or their spectral reflectance must be accounted for in the V(λ) correction of the photometer It is also important to consider the polarization of radiation caused by reflection from the mirrors and the specific conditions of the reflection.
The goniophotometers of type 3 can be distinguished as follows:
1) Type 3.1: a) centre of mirror in rotation centre; b) light source is rotated around the mirror on a fixed radius
2) Type 3.2: a) light source in rotation centre; b) the mirror is rotated around the light source on a fixed radius
3) Type 3.3: light source and mirror are led on two oppositely orientated fixed radii around the rotation centre
The light source is fixed and can be kept in any burning position
The photometer head is moved on a virtual sphere, in whose centre point the centre of the light source is located
The measurement of the light intensity distribution is usually performed by continuous movement in spherical zones (parallel to the equator) or in spherical segments (from pole to pole)
NOTE 1 In order to increase the measurement distance mirrors may be used, if the restrictions from 6.1.1.3 are considered
NOTE 2 In order to shorten the time of measurement the number of photometer heads can be increased, so that the meas- urements can be done simultaneously on several paths.
Integrating photometers
When using an illuminance meter in conjunction with an integrating photometer, it is essential that the meter's characteristics meet the specifications outlined in Table 3, excluding calibration uncertainty Additionally, the characteristics, symbols, and definitions must adhere to the standards set forth in Annex B.
6.1.2.2 Influence of objects in the sphere
In an integrating sphere, the size of all objects, including the screen, lamp holder, and sockets, significantly impacts measurement accuracy; therefore, these components should be minimized Additionally, the presence of the lamp itself also affects the measurement results.
To ensure accurate measurements, it is essential to record and correct the influences of different objects using an auxiliary lamp This lamp should be positioned near the sphere's surface, directly opposite the photometer head.
The sphere paint must exhibit diffuse, spectral aselective, and homogeneous reflectance across its surface It should not possess luminescent or fluorescent properties, with a reflectance value ranging from 0.75 to 0.85.
6.1.2.4 Arrangement of lamp and screen
The lamp shall be positioned close to the centre of the sphere The screen is positioned in a way that the direct illumination of the photometer head is prevented
NOTE The distance of the screen to the photometer head should be about 1/6 of the sphere diameter
To accurately compare the luminous flux of the lamp being measured with that of a standard lamp of similar dimensions, it is essential to maintain the same arrangement of the screen and photometer head Any discrepancies in the measured values caused by the lamp's absorption can be rectified through supplementary measurements using auxiliary lamp equipment.
The luminous flux of the lamp can be calculated according to formula (1)
= Φ (1) where Φ is the luminous flux of the lamp to be measured; ΦN is the luminous flux of the standard lamp;
Y is the reading of the lamp to be measured;
Y N is the reading of the standard lamp;
Y H is the reading of the auxiliary lamp with built in lamp to be measured (not in operation);
Y HN is the reading of the auxiliary lamp with built in standard lamp (not in operation)
The influence of temperature changes within the sphere to the lamps and photometer head shall be taken into ac- count
NOTE 1 It is not possible to correct measurement deviations due to different intensity distributions of the lamp to be meas- ured and the standard lamp by the use of the auxiliary lamp
NOTE 2 It is an advantage to select the order of measurement in such a way that the auxiliary lamp has to be operated only once In case of same type and dimensions of the lamp to be measured and the standard lamp the measurements with the aux- iliary lamp are not necessary
NOTE 3 The described measurement procedure can be simplified (no auxiliary lamp measurement necessary) if the meas- urement errors are small, known or can be neglected
NOTE 4 Guidance of construction and use of an integrating sphere are given in CIE 84.
Illuminance meters
Illuminance meters used in conjunction with goniophotometers or integrators in the laboratory shall meet the re- quirements as specified in Table 3 13
Values in Table 3 shall be provided by the manufacturer If significant variation is observed at recalibration, spectral responsivity and linearity shall be checked
Table 3 — Characteristics for illuminance meters
Calculation of the total characteristic f total = u cal + f 1 ’ + u + r+ f 2 + f 3 + f 4 + f 5 + f 6 + f 7 + f 11
1 ) The characteristics in the shaded fields are used for the calculation of the total characteristic
2 ) u cal the expanded measurement uncertainty for the calibration of the photometer combined from the transfer uncertainty and the uncertainty of the standard for a confidence level of about 95 % (k = 2)
Measurements with perpendicular light incidence do not achieve the maximum value In such cases, the value of \$f_2 = 0\$ is utilized for calculating the total characteristic, resulting in a maximum total characteristic value reduced to 3%.
4 ) With temperature T = 25 °C and temperature difference ∆T = 2 °C
For measurement on pulsed light sources with small duty cycles a sufficient overload protection of the pho- tometer is required
Luminance meters
Luminance meters used in conjunction with integrators or goniophotometers in the laboratory shall meet the re- quirements specified in Table 4
Values in Table 4 shall be provided by the manufacturer If significant variation is observed at recalibration, spectral responsivity and linearity shall be checked.
Table 4 — Characteristics for luminance meters
Calculation of the total characteristic f total = u cal l + f1' + u + r + f 2 (g) + f 2 (u) + f 3 + f 4 + f 5 + f 6 + f 7+ f 8 + f 11 + f 12
1 ) The characteristics in the shaded fields are used for the calculation of the total error characteristic
2 ) u cal the expanded measurement uncertainty for the calibration of the photometer combined from the transfer uncertainty and the uncertainty of the standard for a confidence level of about 95 % (k = 2)
3 ) With temperature T = 25 °C and temperature difference ∆T = 2 °C
For measurement on pulsed light sources with small duty cycles a sufficient overload protection of the photometer is re-
Measurement uncertainties
All goniophotometers require certain characteristics to provide low measurement uncertainties as follows:
1) the resolution of the angular measurement shall be 0,1° or less;
2) the angular deviation for the correlation of the luminaire axes to the rotation axes shall be 0,5° or less in all measurement positions;
For accurate luminous intensity measurements based on the inverse square law, the measurement distance must be at least five times the maximum dimension of the luminaire's light-emitting area However, if the luminaire has a distribution that deviates significantly from a cosine pattern, this ratio may lead to errors greater than 1% In such cases, a measurement distance ratio exceeding 10:1 is recommended.
The minimum measuring distance for a floodlight depends on the reflector's focal length (f), the radius (a) of the reflector aperture, and the diameter (s) of the smallest light source element, such as the arc stream or filament.
The point at this minimum distance is called the "beam cross over" point and is the location where the optic is seen to be completely flashed
Only at distances greater than this does the inverse-square law apply
The distance Dmin to the "beam cross-over" point can be calculated by the formula (2)
Figure 6 — Determination of minimum measurement distance for floodlights
1) goniophotometers type 1 require that the influence of temperature through position changing or luminaire movement shall be compensated by an auxiliary detector or other means;
2) goniophotometers type 2 require where neccessary and practicable, compensation of the angle of incidence different from the normal incidence angle shall be made, see B.4.1;
Goniophotometers Type 3 must have their mirrors tested for variations in reflectance and flatness, as outlined in annex C Additionally, the spectral influence of the mirrors should not compromise the accuracy specified for the photometer.
To ensure transparency, all photometric test records and measuring equipment must include test report numbers alongside the declared data, which will be accessible upon request.
All data shall be presented clearly and unambiguously
The ballast and lamp type and references shall be given with all declared data
8 Electronic transfer of luminaire data
General
The CEN file format outlined in Annex D is divided into two main sections The first section includes general information about the luminaire and a detailed list of specific code names related to its physical properties.
The second section can be appended to the file containing the first section, or it can be provided as a separate file
The article is structured into three distinct sections: the first part provides general information, the second part presents specific code names related to measurement, and the third part contains data on luminous intensity distribution.
NOTE This European Standard describes a luminaire file format which is a slightly changed version of the international file for- mat described in CIE 102:1993
The file consists of two distinct types of lines: structured lines, which start with a specific code name, and unstructured lines, including label and data lines Structured lines are categorized into key lines, which must be included, and information lines, which are optional.
Certain key lines are used to separate different parts of the file
After CENF=, CENA= and PHOT=INCLUDE there may be a group of label lines which are not structured and can carry any information
Label lines can include descriptive information about the luminaire, the lamp(s) utilized, and additional notes Each line is restricted to a maximum of 78 characters, and completely blank lines are allowed The program identifies the conclusion of the label lines upon encountering the next key line, with a maximum of sixty label lines permitted in each section.
Data lines in user-defined sections are unstructured and can contain up to 78 characters Structured lines are prefixed with specific codes that consist of five upper-case alphanumeric characters, ending with an "=" sign.
Stray light is any light which reaches the photometer head other than directly from the source to be measured, due to reflections or to other light sources
To ensure accurate measurements, the photometer head must be shielded to focus solely on the luminaire and, if applicable, the underside of the mounting board When utilizing a mirror, it is essential that the photometer head is also screened to capture only the luminaire's image, avoiding direct light from any part of the luminaire.
All surfaces, other than the luminaire (or the mirror), that are seen by the photometer head should be finished matt black, including the bevelled edges of mirrors
It should be noted that many 'matt' black paints have a luminance factor near the normal to the surface as high as
4 % and higher at glancing angles of incidence
To minimize stray light interference on the photometer head, screens must be positioned to ensure that light from the luminaire reaches the photometer only after two or more reflections If this arrangement is not feasible, surfaces should be covered with materials like black velvet or black carpet Additionally, any surfaces parallel to the photometer head or luminaire axis should be designed with grooves, angles, or chamfered edges to reduce reflections that could affect measurements.
For optimal photometric measurements, the background visible to the photometer head should be matt black, including the floor and ceiling While the rest of the room can be lighter in color, it is essential to take precautions to prevent stray light interference.
Possible paths of stray light which should not be overlooked are:
1) luminaire - blackened surface (e g floor, screen) - mirror - photometer head;
2) luminaire - blackened surface (e g floor, screen) - luminaire - mirror - photometer head;
3) luminaire - mirror - luminaire - mirror - photometer head
Stray light that cannot be eliminated should be subtracted from the readings taking into account the variation of stray light with luminaire position
Measuring the amount of resultant stray light can be challenging, as any screen positioned between the luminaire and the photometer head may obstruct the stray light path, affecting the accuracy of the measurement.
B.1 Deviation of relative spectral responsivity from the V ( λλλλ ) function
The alignment of the relative spectral responsivity \$s(\lambda)_{rel}\$ with the spectral luminous efficiency \$V(\lambda)\$ of the human eye for photopic vision is quantified by the characteristic \$f'_{1}\$.
∗ s rel l is the normalized relative spectral responsivity;
S A is the spectral distribution of the illuminant used in the calibration;
( ) λ s rel is the relative spectral responsivity with arbitrary reference;
V is the spectral luminous efficiency of the human eye for photopic vision
The UV response u of a photometer head is the ratio of the signal Y(UV), when the head is irradiated by a defined
UV source combined with a specified UV filter, to the signal Y when it is irradiated by the same source without the filter:
Y u= Y − (B.3) where according to equation (B.4) u 0 is:
( )λ τ is the spectral transmission of the filter for determination of UV response;
S UV is the spectral distribution of the lamp for determination of UV response
The UV response will be assessed by exposing the photometer head to a lamp with a specific spectral distribution, as illustrated in Figure B.1 A UV filter, characterized by the spectral transmission depicted in Figure B.2, will be employed, ensuring that neither the filter nor any additional optics (not included in the luminance meter) exhibit fluorescence Additionally, the photometer head should generate a signal that is at least 1,000 times greater than the smallest resolvable signal when irradiated without the filter.
Figure B.1 — Spectral distribution of a lamp for determination of the UV response u
Characterization
The UV response u shall be stated on the data sheet
Definition
The IR response \( r \) of a photometer head is defined as the ratio of the signal \( Y(\text{IR}) \) produced when the head is illuminated by a tungsten-halogen lamp configured for illuminant A and used with a specific IR filter, to the signal \( Y \) generated under the same conditions but without the IR filter.
Y r= Y − (B.5) where according to equation (B.6) r 0 is:
( ) λ τ is the spectral transmittance of the filter for determination of IR response;
S IR is the spectral distribution of the lamp for determination of IR response.
Measurement
The infrared (IR) response is assessed by illuminating the photometer head with a tungsten-halogen lamp configured for illuminant A, along with an IR filter that has a specific spectral transmission, as illustrated in Figure B.3 When the photometer head is irradiated without the filter, it generates a signal that is at least 1,000 times greater than the smallest resolvable signal.
Figure B.3 — Spectral transmittance ττττ ( λλλλ) of IR filter for the determination of the IR response r
Characterization
The IR response r shall be stated on the data sheet
Directional response for the measurement of illuminance
The angle of incidence significantly influences the light effect on the acceptance area of the photometer head The directional response function, which evaluates incident light based on the angle of incidence, is shaped by the design and optical construction of the photometer head.
Equipping the photometer head with directionally selective optical elements, such as various shaped diffusing adaptors and special optical components, enables the realization of specialized evaluation functions These functions include cosine adaptors for measuring illuminance, E o adaptors for spherical illuminance measurement, and E z adaptors for semi-cylindrical illuminance measurement.
To measure directional response, position a small light source at least 20 times the largest dimension of either the light source or the photometer head's acceptance area.
To ensure accurate measurements, it is essential to take special precautions to eliminate stray light from the photometer head's acceptance area The photometer head can be rotated around horizontal or vertical axes, which alters the angle of incidence relative to the center of the acceptance area The center of rotation must align with the acceptance area's center or a designated point specified by the manufacturer Additionally, signal measurements should be conducted at various angles of incidence in at least two mutually perpendicular planes.
For photometer heads exhibiting a nonlinear relationship between input quantity and signal output, measurements must be taken at a consistent signal level, or adjustments should be made based on the photometer head's input-output characteristics In the former scenario, illuminance should be altered in a specified manner, such as by varying the distance.
For a photometer head in an illuminance meter, the deviation in the directional response to the incident radiation is characterized by f 2 (ε,Φ ):
Y is the signal output as a function of the angle of incidence; ε is measured with respect to the normal to the measuring plane or optical axis; ϕ is the Azimuth angle
For characterizing the directional response error by a single factor the characteristic f 2 is used:
NOTE This equation implies cylindrical symmetry
For a photometer head in a spherical illuminance meter, the deviation in directional response is characterized by:
For characterizing the directional evaluation by a single factor the characteristic f 2,0 is used:
For a photometer head to be used for the measurement of the cylindrical illuminance, the deviation in directional response is characterized by:
NOTE It is advisable to give the function defined in equation separately for the horizontal ε=π/2 and verti- cal ϕ=0 planes
For characterizing the directional response deviation by a single value, the characteristic f 2,z is used:
NOTE It is advisable to give the function for the directional response separately for the horizontal ε=π/2 and the vertical
For characterizing the directional response deviations by a single value the characteristic f 2,sz is used:
It is recommended that the two components in equation (B.18) are given separately.
Directional response for the measurement of luminance
Luminance meters are designed to measure the luminance of a specific surface within a uniform measurement field, ensuring that luminous areas outside this field do not affect the results The directional response function characterizes how the evaluation of light is influenced by surrounding luminance and the angle of incidence on the photometer head This function is shaped by the principles of geometrical optics, the design of the photometer head, and stray light within the optical system Additionally, specialized directional response functions can be created by equipping the photometer head with unique lenses or accessories, such as interchangeable objectives, which can be particularly useful for measuring equivalent veiling luminance.
To accurately measure the directional response function, position a light source at a considerable distance from the acceptance area, ensuring its luminous area does not exceed 5% of the measurement field angle Focus luminance meters on the light source, conducting measurements at a distance of 10 m for non-focusing meters or as specified by the manufacturer Rotate the luminance meter around the center of the entrance pupil, or alternatively, move the light perpendicularly to the optical axis while keeping the photometer head stationary Obtain the output signal measurements at least in four equally spaced directions, and ensure that stray light does not interfere with the acceptance area.
The directional response of luminance meters is characterized by the directional response function f 2 ( )ε,ϕ :
Y is the output signal at angle of incidence ε,ϕ (Figure B.4);
Y is the output signal for light incident in the direction of the optical axis of the photometer head
2 Entrance pupil ε = Angle of incidence, measured from the optical axis ϕ = Azimuth angle
Figure B.4 — Coordinates for the definition of the function f 2 (εεεε,ϕϕϕϕ)
For an abbreviated characterization of the directional response function f 2(ε,ϕ) the following shall be given:
In addition, the following shall be specified:
5) characteristics f 2 (ε 1/100 ,ϕ) for characterizing the spatial symmetry where
Y min is the smallest output signal for an angle of incidence within 90 % of the measurement field using the measurement arrangement given in B.4.2.2;
Y maxis the largest output signal for an angle of incidence within 90 % of the measurement field using the measurement arrangement given in B.4.2.2
The characteristics f 2 (ε9 / 10 ) and f 2 (ε1 / 100 ) are defined as:
/ ε9 is the average angle within which the output is equal to or greater than 0,9 times the value of the inci- dent light in the direction of the optical axis;
/ ε1 is the average ten-percent measurement angle;
/ ε1 is the average one-percent measurement angle
These values are the average of at least four equally separated plane measurements
The directional symmetry of the measurement is characterized by the characteristic f 2 , s :
Y max is the maximum output signal at ε 1 / 10 ;
Y min is the minimum output signal at ε 1 / 10 ; ϕ1 is the angle for output Y max ; ϕ2 is the angle for output Y min ;
/ ε1 is the average value of the ten-percent measurement angle
The corresponding values should also be given for the hundredth angle
B4.2.4 Measurement of the effect of the surrounding field
To measure the impact of surrounding luminance, also known as veiling glare, a specific illumination setup is required This involves using a uniform luminous surface that is at least ten times larger than the measurement field, positioned in the direction of the entrance pupil Additionally, the luminance of this surrounding surface must be adjusted to be at least ten times greater than the maximum signal detected on the most sensitive output range.
A gloss trap, characterized by a "black" surface with minimal luminance, will be used as an alternative to the luminous surface It must extend beyond the measurement field in the image plane by 10% (refer to Figure B.5) Measurements will be conducted both with and without the gloss trap.
The characterization of the effect of the surrounding luminance is given by the function f 2(u): surround Total surround u
Y is the output signal for measurement with the gloss trap (black field);
Y is the output signal for measurement with both bright surround and measurement field
Figure B.5 — Diagram showing the size of the gloss trap in determining f 2 ( u )
The characterization of the directional response function for the measurement of the equivalent veiling lumi- nance L s (luminance meters with supplementary optics) is given by the spatial response function f 2(ε,Φ):
Description
The output signal of a photometer is influenced by the polarization conditions of the measured light Specifically, the output signal Y varies when the linearly polarized quasiparallel incident light is rotated around the direction of incidence.
Measurement
To measure polarization dependence, unpolarized light from a point source is directed towards a polarizer, such as two sheet polarizers aligned with parallel axes This polarizer can be rotated around the direction of incidence, allowing for adjustments in the plane of polarization.
To verify the complete polarization of transmitted light by the first polarizer, a second polarizer, known as an analyzer, is employed Once the incident radiation is confirmed to be fully polarized, the analyzer is removed Subsequently, the maximum (Y max) and minimum (Y min) output signals of the photometer are recorded while the first polarizer is rotated.
Characterization
To characterize the sensitivity of the photometer to polarized light the function f 8 ( )ε,ϕ is given by:
To define the polarization dependence of a photometer head with a single value, the characteristics f 8 will be assessed under specific geometrical conditions: a) For illuminance, the angle of incidence is set at ε = 30° and ϕ = 0°; b) For spherical illuminance, the angle of incidence is ϕ = 0°; c) For cylindrical and semi-cylindrical illuminance, the angles are ε = 60° and ϕ = 30°; d) For luminance, the angle of incidence is ε = 0°.
B.6 Effect of non-uniform illumination of the acceptance area of a photometer head
Description
The design of certain photometer heads can cause a notable variation in responsivity, including relative spectral responsivity, based on the position of incident light within the acceptance area However, this variation is eliminated when the aperture receives uniform illumination.
Measurement
To conduct this measurement, a light source is set up according to sections B.4.1.2 and B.4.2.2 A circular aperture, measuring 1/10 the size of the acceptance area, is positioned in front of the photometer head's acceptance area It is essential to ensure that stray light does not reach the photometer head.
The circular aperture is strategically positioned in five locations relative to the entrance aperture In Position 1, the center of the circular aperture aligns directly over the middle of the entrance Positions 2 through 5 place the center of the circular aperture at a point two-thirds along the radius from the entrance's center, with these four positions spaced at 90° intervals around the entrance aperture.
Characterization
To characterize the non-uniform illumination of the acceptance area, the characteristic f 9 is given by:
Y i is the output signal from the initial illumination value X, at each of the four points 2 to 5 in the plane of the entrance aperture of the photometer head;
Y 1 is the output signal from the same initial illumination value X, at the centre of the entrance aperture
B.7 Influence of a change in focusing distance
Description
Luminance meters, with a focusing photometer head focused on a constant luminance in the measurement field, can change their output signal with a change of object distance.
Measurement
To assess the impact of varying the focusing distance, a luminance standard with a surface area larger than both the measurement field and the photometer head's acceptance area is employed This standard is placed approximately 10 cm in front of the entrance aperture, with its luminance adjusted to produce an output signal around 90% of the full-scale reading on an arbitrary range The output signals are recorded by adjusting the photometer head to the maximum and minimum focusing distances recommended by the manufacturer.
Characterization
The effect of a change in the focusing distance is characterized by the characteristic f 12 :
Y 1 is the output signal, focused at the shortest distance;
Y 2 is the output signal, focused at the longest distance
Definition
NOTE 2 The linearity range of a detector can be affected by the use of unsuitable electronic circuitry.
Measurement
The most accurate method for measuring the linearity of radiometers uses the principle of additivity of radiant fluxes by the technique of multiple sources or apertures.
Characterization
The characterization of the linearity deviation of photometers is given by the function:
Y is the output signal due to illumination of the photometer head with an input quantity X;
X max is the input value corresponding to the maximum output signal Y max (largest value of the measure- ment range);
Y max is the output signal due to illumination of the photometer head with the input X max
The characteristic f 3 is used to characterize by a single value the linearity deviation in each range It corresponds to the largest value of the function f 3 ( ) Y within the measurement range:
The characteristic f 3 shall be given for each measurement range
B.9 Characterization parameter of the display unit
The measurement accuracy of analog-display photometers is determined by the class of analog apparatus (classi- fication by IEC publication 51)
NOTE The classification gives the maximum output error with respect to the full-scale reading
The resultant characteristic f 4 of a photometer is given by the class of the apparatus:
4 = k × f (B.31) where k is the factor due to changing output range (e.g k = 10 when the switching of the measurement range is in the ratio of 1:10) max
Y B is the full scale reading of the less sensitive range B; max
Y B is the full scale reading of the more sensitive range A
The accuracy of digital-display photometers is determined by the deviations in the display unit and the conversion deviations (in general ± 1 digit) The characteristic is given by: max display
D f k f = + × (B.33) where display f is the relative deviation, related to the display unit; k is the factor for range changing;
P max is the maximum display capability of the digital instrument (e.g., for a 3 ẵ digit display P max = ^ 1,999);
D is the possible deviation of the least significant digit (e.g., ± 1 digit)
The characterization of the output apparatus class determines the resulting characteristic f 4 from equation (B.33), ensuring that it encompasses the maximum deviation at the boundary of the range change.
Definition
Fatigue is the reversible temporal change in the responsivity, under constant operating conditions, caused by inci- dent illumination
During photometer operation, reversible changes known as fatigue can affect both responsivity and spectral responsivity, with greater fatigue observed at higher illumination levels on the light-sensitive detector Additionally, fatigue is intertwined with temperature effects resulting from the irradiation of the photometer head, and these temperature changes cannot be entirely mitigated by thermostatic control.
Measurement
Fatigue should be assessed under stable illumination conditions that closely resemble those used in actual measurements It is essential to maintain constant operating conditions, such as ambient temperature and supply voltage The output signal must be recorded based on the duration of illumination Additionally, the photometer head must be kept in the dark for a minimum of 24 hours prior to the constant illumination phase.
Characterization
The characterization of fatigue is given by the function f 5(t):
Y t t Y f (B.34) where t is the elapsed time since the beginning of the illumination of the photometer head with the constant illumi- nance;
To characterize fatigue by only one numerical value, characteristic f 5 is used:
Description
Temperature dependence refers to how ambient temperature influences both the absolute responsivity and the relative spectral responsivity of a photometer Operating the photometer at a temperature different from the calibration conditions can lead to measurement errors.
Measurement
In order to measure temperature dependence, the entire photometer shall be exposed to the desired temperature The instrument shall attain thermal equilibrium before the measurement has begun
NOTE 1 In general, it can be assumed that the photometer will attain thermal equilibrium at the desired temperature in about one hour
To ensure accurate measurements, the photometer head should only be illuminated during the measurement process, especially in the presence of a fatigue effect Measurements must be conducted at ambient temperatures of 15 °C, 25 °C, and 40 °C, while field photometers should also be tested at temperatures of 5 °C or 0 °C It is essential to perform measurements at an illumination level that is close to the maximum value of the chosen measurement range.
Characterization
The characterization of temperature dependence is given by the function f 6 ( ) T :
Y is the output signal at temperature T;
Y is the 25 °C Reference ambient temperature
For characterization of temperature dependence the characteristic f 6 is given by:
For photometers used for interior measurement the following values shall be used:
For photometers used for field measurements the following values shall be used:
Description
When measuring modulated light, the photometer's meter reading may differ from the arithmetic mean value due to several factors These include the frequency of the modulated light falling below the lower frequency limit, exceeding the peak overload capability, or not completing the settling time.
Lower and upper frequency limits
The lower frequency limit (\$f_l\$) and upper frequency limit (\$f_u\$) of sinusoidally modulated light, with a modulation degree of 1, are defined as the frequencies at which the meter reading varies by no more than 5% compared to the reading for unmodulated light with the same arithmetic mean.
Figure B.6 — Sinusoidally modulated light of modulation degree 1 B.12.2.2 Measurement
The upper and lower frequency limits can be measured using Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) whose luminous intensity is modulated sinusoidally with an appropriate power supply This method does not require uniform illumination across the measurement area.
Suitable means shall be employed to ensure that the arithmetic mean output of the light source used for the meas- urement remains constant when the modulation frequency is varied
Modulated light generation using a rotating-sector disk with a DC-powered lamp is effective only for frequencies up to 104 Hz While this method can achieve higher illuminances, a 50% duty-cycle sector disk requires that the signal level for measuring modulated radiation remains below half of the full scale of the measuring range It is essential to specify the measuring range used.
The characterization of the frequency effects is given by the function f 7(ν):
Y is the output signal for illumination with unmodulated light;
Definition
The deviation arising from a change in the measurement range is the systematic deviation arising when switching a photometer from one range to an adjacent range.
Measurement
To measure the deviation caused by a range change, the illumination on the photometer head is set to achieve a reading of 90% of the full scale on the lower range A Subsequently, the illumination is increased by a factor \( k \), which corresponds to the factor for the range change.
When changing the illumination, the range is changed from A to the next higher range B
NOTE 1 For photometers with digital displays a range change is usually made in the ratio 1:10 Then k = 10
NOTE 2 For photometers with a linear input-output relationship (linearity of the photometer) the signal can be simulated by an accurate current source while the photometer head is switched off.
Characterization
For characterizing the deviation arising from changing range the characteristic f 11 is used:
Y(A) is the reading on range A, for an input quantity X(A) which corresponds to 90 % of full scale (the maximum reading in the case of digital meters);
Y(B) represents the reading on the higher range B for an input quantity X(B), which is a factor k greater than the input quantity X(A) This results in a reading of 90% of the full scale on the smaller range A, with k being the factor defined in B.9.
The characteristic f 11 is determined for each range change The deviations caused by range change shall be listed
Testing of mirrors for variation in reflectance and flatness
The light source used in the goniophotometer must maintain a nearly constant intensity within the cone angle defined by the largest luminaire it is designed to test An appropriate choice for this source includes an opal filament lamp or a spherical luminaire Additionally, the test source should have a projected area ranging from 1,500 mm² to 5,000 mm² along the optical path directed towards the photocell.
The test source must be securely mounted on a bar that matches the length of the longest luminaire intended for the goniophotometer, ensuring complete coverage of the usable portion of the mirror.
The goniophotometer is set at 0° elevation The test source is fixed in the vertical axis of rotation and an intensity reading is taken
The test source is repositioned on the test bar at a distance of 0.1 times the length of the largest luminaire for which the goniophotometer is designed, and it is directed towards the photocell Intensity readings, adjusted for the increased distance from the photocell to the test source, are recorded at every 30° in azimuth.
The above procedure is repeated with the test source at distances from the centre position equal to 0,2; 0,3; 0,4; and 0,5 times the length of the luminaire
The standard deviation of the readings expressed as a percentage of the mean shall not be greater than 1,5 % and each reading shall not differ by more than 5 % from the mean
The complete file format specification is outlined below, highlighting that every line marked with a double asterisk "**" is essential and must be included in the file, regardless of whether it contains data Additionally, lines marked with a single asterisk "*" also hold significance.
Descriptions within "" represent actual stored data.** **All data follows the ISO Alphabet 5 format.** **Each line is restricted to a maximum length of 78 characters, ending with a line marker.
NOTE The "*" and "**" referred to above are not a part of the file (see examples in Annex E)
** CENF= CEN File Format, Version 1.0 (EN 13032-1:2004)
* TXTS=
* TXTF=
* LUMD=
* LUL1=
* LUL2=
* LUL3=
* NLPS=
* TOLU=
* INPW=
* INFH=
* TLNM=
* NLAV=
* LA01=
* LA02=
* LAnn=
* USR0=
* ENDU* USR1=
* USR9=
* ENDU** PHOT= INCLUDE or
(if PHOT= the file ends at this point.)
(if PHOT= INCLUDE the file continues as follows.)
* MTLF=
* ULOR=
* DLOR=
* LUBA=
** NCON=
** NPLA=
**
*
*
(if PHOT= the separate file containing the photometric data is as follows:)
** CENA= CEN-A File Format, Version 1.0 (EN 13032-1:2004)
(the file continues exactly as shown in the case of CENF=)
Each of the lines given in the overview will now be described in more detail All lines are structured information lines except where otherwise noted
CENF= 1.0 CEN File Format (EN 13032-1 2004)
The initial line of a CEN file format must include a structured statement that specifies it as a CEN file and provides a version number, which is a positive real number This line is followed by the complete name of the format and a reference to the CEN publication that details the format.
The IDNM, or Identification Number, is crucial as it indicates to the application program that the transmission of label lines is complete and that the subsequent information is structured Additionally, it serves to offer an optional luminaire identification number, which can consist of any sequence of alphanumeric characters.
LUMN= or LUMinaire Name The name of the luminaire may be any sequence of printable characters
The term MFTR, short for ManuFacTuRer, is utilized to denote the name of the luminaire manufacturer, sales representative, or a similar entity This designation can consist of any combination of printable characters.
DATE= or DATE of issue
This section provides a brief description of the luminaire, which may be included in the label lines of the CEN file's first section The description is restricted to a maximum of 10 lines.
The TXTS comfort luminaire features opal diffusers and directional signs, ensuring optimal orientation in various settings such as hotels, department stores, office buildings, convention centers, galleries, and airports Constructed from impact-resistant polycarbonate, both the body and diffuser of the luminaire offer durability and functionality.
TXTF= or TeXT Full = TeXT for a Full description of the luminaire
This set of lines can be used to give a full description of the luminaire This information shall not be more than
LUMD= LUMinaire Diameter This is a structured line which gives information about the geometrical diameter (in meters) of a spherical or cylindrical luminaire (see Figure D.1)
LUL1, LUL2, and LUL3 refer to the luminaire lengths along the first, second, and third axes, respectively These measurements provide the geometrical length in meters of the luminaire along each axis, as illustrated in Figures 2, 3, 4, and D.1 Any input number must be a real number.
LAMP= or LAMP name The name of the lamp(s) may be any sequence of printable characters The use of ILCOS code acc to IEC ## is recommended
NLPS= or Number of LamPS The number of lamps shall be an integer Lamps need not be of equal type or physical dimensions
TOLU= or TOtal LUmens This value, a real number, shall be the sum of the nominal luminous flux of all lamps
LLGE, or Lamp Luminaire GEometry, is crucial for programs that adjust for variations in luminous flux based on position, such as with metal halide fixtures that may be tilted or aimed Any provided information should adhere to the specified code.
LLGE= 1 is used when, if the luminaire is mounted normally or aimed straight down, the lamp is either vertical cap up or vertical cap down
When LLGE= 2 is applied, the luminaire is typically mounted straight down, keeping the lamp in a horizontal position However, tilting the luminaire causes the lamp to shift towards a base-up or base-down orientation due to the angle of the tilt.
LLGE= 3 is used when, if the luminaire is mounted normally or aimed straight down, the lamp is horizontal and remains horizontal when the luminaire is tilted
LLGE= 4 is used when the lamp is sealed into the luminaire and not replaceable
BLID= or BaLlast IDentification The ballast identification string may be any sequence of printable characters
The Conversion Factor (CONF) accounts for variations in luminaire length and different types of control gear, such as high frequency This factor is applied to the basic photometric data file for the specific product variant.
BAFA= or BAllast lumen FActor The ballast lumen factor is a real number
INPW= or INput Power in Watt A real number representing the input power of the total luminaire including losses in the ballast and other com- ponents
INVO= or INput VOltage in Volt A real number representing the input voltage for which the luminaire is designed or rated
INVA= or INput Volt Amps A real number representing the volt ampere requirement of the luminaire and all its accessories
INFH= or INput Frequency in Hertz A real number representing the input frequency for which the luminaire is designed or rated