BSI Standards PublicationBituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 30: Specimen preparation by impact compactor... NORME EUROPÉENNE English Version Bituminous mixtures
Trang 1BSI Standards Publication
Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt
Part 30: Specimen preparation by impact compactor
Trang 2This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 12697-30:2012.
It supersedes BS EN 12697-30:2004 which is withdrawn
The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee B/510/1, Asphalt products
A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary
This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract Users are responsible for its correctapplication
© The British Standards Institution 2012 Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2012
ISBN 978 0 580 75767 9ICS 93.080.20
Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.
This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 May 2012
Amendments issued since publication
Date Text affected
Trang 3NORME EUROPÉENNE
English Version
Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part
30: Specimen preparation by impact compactor
Mélanges bitumineux - Méthodes d'essai pour mélange
hydrocarboné à chaud - Partie 30: Confection d'éprouvettes
par compacteur à impact
Asphalt - Prüfverfahren für Heißasphalt - Teil 30: Probenvorbereitung, Marshall-Verdichtungsgerät
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 26 February 2012
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German) A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
C O M I T É E U R O P É E N D E N O R M A L I S A T I O N
E U R O P Ä I S C H E S K O M I T E E FÜ R N O R M U N G
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved
worldwide for CEN national Members
Ref No EN 12697-30:2012: E
Trang 4Contents
PageForeword 3
1 Scope .7
2 Normative references .7
3 Terms and definitions 7
4 Principle .7
5 Apparatus .7
5.1 Impact compactor with steel anvil 7
5.1.1 General .7
5.1.2 Conditions of installation 11
5.2 Impact compactor with wooden pedestal 12
5.2.1 General 12
5.3 Compaction mould 12
5.4 Ovens or hot plates 13
5.5 Steel block 13
5.6 Shields, baffle plates or sand baths 13
5.7 Plate 13
6 Shape and dimensions of the specimens 19
7 Specimen preparation 19
8 Procedure 19
9 Report 20
Annex A (informative) Device for the measurement of the specimens thickness during compaction 21
Annex B (informative) Checking procedure for impact compaction devices 22
B.1 Equipment 22
B.2 Procedure 22
B.3 Calculations and definition of impact dynamics: 22
B.4 Validation 23
B.5 Proposed process for validation of test equipment impact dynamics: 23
B.6 Checklist 24
Bibliography 25
Trang 5Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights This document supersedes EN 12697-30:2004+A1:2007
The following is a list of significant technical changes since the previous edition:
allowance made for some oversize aggregate in the scope;
informative annex for a checking procedure for impact compaction devices added;
the tolerance on the angle of the sliding mass in reduced;
the requirement for inspections to establish that the safety requirements have been complied with has been deleted;
densities defined in Mg/m3 rather than kg/m3;
the requirement on the moisture content of wooden block pedestal is moved to a note;
the notes on the verification of the wooden block pedestal and the foot assembly have been clarified;
definition of the steel compaction hammer tightened up;
separate figure provided of typical compactor with wooden block;
steel block made optional;
the time that samples can be stored at elevated temperature reduced;
the uniform upper limit on the temperature of 130 °C removed, leaving just the reference temperature in
EN 12697-35;
the limitations of heating of automatic compaction hammers is clarified in notes;
the timing of preparing multiple samples is specified;
requirements for filling the mould and reversing the specimen during compaction have been edited This European Standard is one of a series of standards as listed below:
EN 12697-1, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 1: Soluble binder content
EN 12697-2, Bituminous mixtures — Test method for hot mix asphalt — Part 2: Determination of particle size distribution
Trang 6EN 12697-3, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 3: Bitumen recovery: Rotary evaporator
EN 12697-4, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 4: Bitumen recovery: Fractionating column
EN 12697-5, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 5: Determination of the maximum density
EN 12697-6, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 6: Determination of bulk density
of bituminous specimens
EN 12697-7, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 7: Determination of bulk density
of bituminous specimens by gamma rays
EN 12697-8, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 8: Determination of void characteristics of bituminous specimens
EN 12697-10, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 10: Compactibility
EN 12697-11, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 11: Determination of the affinity between aggregate and bitumen
EN 12697-12, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 12: Determination of the water sensitivity of bituminous specimens
EN 12697-13, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 13: Temperature measurement
EN 12697-14, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 14: Water content
EN 12697-15, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 15: Determination of the segregation sensitivity
EN 12697-16, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 16: Abrasion by studded tyres
EN 12697-17, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 17: Particle loss of porous asphalt specimen
EN 12697-18, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 18: Binder drainage
EN 12697-19, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 19: Permeability of specimen
EN 12697-20, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 20: Indentation using cube or cylindrical specimens
EN 12697-21, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 21: Indentation using plate specimens
EN 12697-22, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 22: Wheel tracking
EN 12697-23, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 23: Determination of the indirect tensile strength of bituminous specimens
EN 12697-24, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 24: Resistance to fatigue
EN 12697-25, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 25: Cyclic compression test
Trang 7EN 12697-26, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 26: Stiffness
EN 12697-27, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 27: Sampling
EN 12697-28, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 28: Preparation of samples for determining binder content, water content and grading
EN 12697-29, Bituminous mixtures — Test method for hot mix asphalt — Part 29: Determination of the dimensions of a bituminous specimen
EN 12697-30, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 30: Specimen preparation by impact compactor
EN 12697-31, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 31: Specimen preparation by gyratory compactor
EN 12697-32, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 32: Laboratory compaction of bituminous mixtures by vibratory compactor
EN 12697-33, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 33: Specimen prepared by roller compactor
EN 12697-34, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 34: Marshall test
EN 12697-35, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 35: Laboratory mixing
EN 12697-36, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 36: Determination of the thickness of a bituminous pavement
EN 12697-37, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 37: Hot sand test for the adhesivity of binder on precoated chippings for HRA
EN 12697-38, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 38: Common equipment and calibration
EN 12697-39, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 39: Binder content by ignition
EN 12697-40, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 40: In situ drainability
EN 12697-41, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 41: Resistance to de-icing fluids
EN 12697-42, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 42: Amount of coarse foreign matters in reclaimed asphalt
EN 12697-43, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 43: Resistance to fuel
EN 12697-44, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 44: Crack propagation by semi-circular bending test
prEN 12697-45, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 45: Saturation ageing tensile stiffness (SATS) conditioning test
prEN 12697-46, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 46: Low temperature cracking and properties by uniaxial tension tests
EN 12697-47, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 47: Determination of the ash content of natural asphalt
Trang 8prEN 12697-481), Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 48: Inter-layer bond strength
prEN 12697-491), Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 49: Determination of friction after polishing
prEN 12697-501), Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 50: Scuffing resistance of surface course asphalt
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom
1) In preparation
Trang 91 Scope
This European Standard specifies methods of moulding specimens from bituminous mixtures by impact compaction Such specimens are primarily used to determine bulk density and other technological characteristics e.g Marshall stability and flow according to EN 12697-34
This European Standard applies to bituminous mixtures (both those made up in a laboratory and those resulting from work site sampling), with not more than 15 % by mass retained on the 22,4 mm sieve and none
on the 31,5 mm sieve
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application For dated references, only the edition cited applies For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies
EN 12591, Bitumen and bituminous binders — Specifications for paving grade bitumens
EN 12697-10, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 10: Compactibility
EN 12697-27, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 27: Sampling
EN 12697-35:2004+A1, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 35: Laboratory mixing
EN 13924, Bitumen and bituminous binders — Specifications for hard paving grade bitumens
EN 14023, Bitumen and bituminous binders — Specification framework for polymer modified bitumens
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply
3.1
set number
number of blows per side that is set for the test method for which the sample is intended to be used
Note 1 to entry: The number of blows is commonly 50 but can be 35 or 75
4 Principle
To prepare the specimens, tempered asphalt mix, either freshly mixed according to EN 12697-35:2004+A1 or sampled on site or plant according to EN 12697-27 has to be transferred into a specified steel compaction mould The mixture is then compacted into one of the specified impact compactors by the sliding mass falling from a specified height with a specified number of blows within a specified time onto the foot of the hammer, located on top of the asphalt specimen The specimen is then allowed to cool down to room temperature
Trang 105.1.1.2 Steel base plate, 15 mm thick and about 600 mm × 610 mm, set horizontally on a firm base
5.1.1.3 Three feet of equal rigidity in the direction of both compression and shear, fitted with rubber buffers corresponding to the mass of the compaction pedestal
5.1.1.4 Compaction pedestal (see Figure 2) made of cast iron having a mass of at least 100 kg
5.1.1.5 Clamping device to hold the compaction mould
NOTE Equipment with eccentric cam (see Figure 1) has been used successfully
5.1.1.6 Compaction hammer, consisting of a cylindrical guide rod, a sliding mass (see Figure 3), weighing (4 550 ± 20) g, and a foot (see Figure 4), weighing (3 960 ± 20) g
5.1.1.7 Chain-driven lifting gear, for the sliding mass, designed so that the length of the free fall is (460 ± 3) mm
5.1.1.8 Device for counting and recording the number of blows
NOTE The number of blows should be counted and added
5.1.1.9 Linear variable differential transformer (optional), as described in Annex A, for measuring the specimen thickness during compaction for measuring compactibility in accordance with EN 12697-10
Trang 11Key
1 basic apparatus with power-driven lifting gear for the sliding mass and impact counter (shown without shielding)
2 compaction hammer with guide rod for the sliding mass
3 eccentric cam for clamping device
4 mould base with compaction mould attached
5 compaction pedestal
6 feet
7 steel base plate
8 shielding
Figure 1 — Diagrammatic sketch of the impact compactor
NOTE See Annex A for optional linear variable differential transformer to measure the specimen thickness during compaction
Trang 13Dimensions in millimetres Dimensions in millimetres
Key
a counter balance
Key
a sphere The tolerance on the diameter of the foot of the compaction hammer shall be ± 0,5 mm
Figure 3 — Sliding mass of compaction hammer Figure 4 — Foot of compaction hammer 5.1.2 Conditions of installation
5.1.2.1 The impact compactor shall be set up in such a way that the base plate is horizontal It shall be possible to insert the compaction hammer vertically and centrally into the compaction mould in order to ensure
a virtually friction-free fall of the sliding mass along the guide rod The compactor shall be set up in such a way
so that the sliding mass is vertically + 2°
The following safety and inspection requirements shall be applied:
5.1.2.2 During insertion and reversion of the mould cylinder in the compacting machine, the compaction hammer shall be secured in its upper rest position against accidental release The compaction hammer shall
be kept suspended at the top of the guide rod by means of a hoist
NOTE This can be carried out by connecting the hoisting rope either to the clamping device on the eccentric cam or
to a lever arrangement that is itself safeguarded against accidental release Therefore, the compaction mould can only be inserted and removed when the hammer is suspended and securely fastened
5.1.2.3 Measures shall be taken to prevent access to the danger zone when the lifting gear is in operation
NOTE This can be achieved, for example, by the provision of a moveable shield fitted with an automatic locking device or by arranging for the sound-proof cubicle to be locked automatically when the apparatus is running
Trang 145.1.2.4 Requirements as to noise emission shall be met when operating an impact compactor, e.g by erecting a soundproof cubicle
5.2 Impact compactor with wooden pedestal
5.2.1 General
The impact compactor with wooden pedestal (see Figure 5), a machine-driven apparatus, shall comprise the components listed in 5.2.2 to 5.2.3
NOTE In Annex B, a guideline for possible checking based on self-composed equipment is described
5.2.2 Compaction pedestal (see Figure 5) shall consist of the components given in 5.2.2.1 to 5.2.2.3
5.2.2.1 Vibrated concrete base, of minimum density 2,200 Mg/m3 and minimum dimensions of
450 mm × 450 mm × 200 mm with shoulder to receive a laminated hardwood block
5.2.2.2 Laminated hardwood block (200 ± 4) mm in cross section and (450 ± 4) mm in height, made from dry straight-grained, seasoned timber (such as Sapele) free from shakes, splits and knots with a density of 0,67 Mg/m3 to 0,78 Mg/m3 The block shall be built up of between 6 and 10 approximately equal laminations
of quarter sawn board bonded with waterproof resin glue The ends shall be smooth and normal to the vertical axis and the block shall be treated with a water-resistant impregnate and varnished to minimise changes of moisture content
NOTE 1 The dry mass of timber is based on an average moisture content of 15 %
NOTE 2 The suitability of a block in terms of its density can be confirmed by comparative density measurements of compacted specimens compared to those compacted with an apparatus fitted with a block that is known to comply The average of three specimen compacted with each block should not differ by more than 0,02 Mg/m³
5.2.2.3 Mild steel plate, (300 ± 5) mm × (300 ± 5) mm × (25 ± 1) mm fitted with a positive location to receive the hardwood block and with a mould assembly holder to secure the mould assembly centrally on the pedestal during compaction and a guide to ensure that the hammer is maintained in a truly vertical position throughout compaction The mild steel plate with assembly holder and guide shall be secured to the base with four rods each tensioned to the equivalent of a torque of (10 ± 1) Nm on a M10 thread
5.2.3 Steel compaction hammer, of total mass (7 850 ± 50) g including a sliding weight of (4 535 ± 15) g, and a foot assembly (see Figure 6)
5.2.4 The foot assembly shall comprise a spring housing and a helical compression spring of hardened and
tempered steel with a load rate of 10 N/mm to 18 N/mm and designed to exert a pre-load of 80 N to 150 N when confined within the foot assembly leaving a minimum movement of 20 mm The foot of the hammer shall
be machined flat and smooth and be securely fixed to the foot assembly
NOTE The suitability of a foot assembly can be confirmed by comparative density measurements of specimens compared to those compacted with an apparatus fitted with a foot assembly that is known to comply
5.2.5 The operating mechanism shall not be supported by the laminated hardwood block of the compaction
pedestal The free fall height shall be measured when the machine is in operation and be capable of being maintained with the specified tolerances throughout the compaction procedure
5.3 Compaction mould
Compaction mould with an internal diameter of (101,6 ± 0,1) mm and consisting of an extension collar, a mould cylinder and a mould base The mould base shall be made of a steel material stiff enough to be used without any deformation and hardened surfaces
Trang 15NOTE Typical mould, extension collar, mould cylinder and mould base are shown in Figures 7, 8, 9 and 10, respectively for use with the impact compactor described in 5.1, and in Figure 11 for use with the impact compactor described in 5.2
5.4 Ovens or hot plates
Ovens or hot plates for heating aggregates, bituminous material, specimen moulds, compaction hammers, and other equipment to obtain the required mixing and moulding temperatures
NOTE Heating units are thermostatically controlled so as to maintain the required temperature within 5 °C
5.6 Shields, baffle plates or sand baths
Suitable shields, baffle plates or sand baths for use on the surface of the hot plates to minimise localised overheating
5.7 Plate
Plate fitted with cylindrical disc (optional) as shown in Figure 12