30190097 pdf BS EN 12649 2008 ICS 91 220 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW BRITISH STANDARD Concrete compactors and smoothing machines — Safety +A1 2011 National f[.]
General requirements for all machines
Hazards generated by noise
5.1.1.1 Noise reduction at source at the design stage
Main noise sources are the main drive and through its vibrating parts
When designing the machinery, the available information and technical measures to control noise at the source shall be taken into account, see for example !EN ISO 11688-1:2009"
NOTE EN ISO 11688-2:2000 [1] gives useful information on noise generation mechanism in machinery
5.1.1.2 Noise reduction by protective devices
Noise can be reduced for example by the following means: the use of machinery components with low-noise emis- sion encapsulation
Information on residual risk, after technical measures to control noise emission have been implemented, shall be given by the manufacturer, see Clause 7
Operation conditions that are typical of nominal operation of concrete compactors and smoothing machines defined in the scope of this standard and providing the highest level shall be chosen
5.1.1.5 Determination of the A-weighted emission sound pressure level at the control station
A-weighted sound pressure levels shall be measured according to !EN ISO 11201:2010" at the control sta- tion(s) at or on the machines
Measurement points should be set at a height of 1.55 m, with a tolerance of ±0.075 m If a seat is present at the control station, the measurement point is adjusted to 0.80 m, with a tolerance of ±0.05 m above the seat.
Positions of the measurement points (control station(s)) and detailed information on the operating conditions during the noise measurement shall be recorded and reported
For sound pressure levels exceeding 70 dB(A), the operating manual must include the specific sound pressure level Conversely, if the sound pressure level is below 70 dB(A), this should also be noted in the manual Additionally, comprehensive details regarding the operating conditions during noise measurement must be documented and reported.
5.1.1.6 Determination of the A-weighted sound power level
The manufacturer shall give information on noise emission In the absence of a noise-test code, the following ap- plies:
sound power level shall be determined according to !EN ISO 3744:2010" (if the emission sound pressure exceeds 80 dB(A));
operating conditions of the machinery during noise emission measurement shall be detailed with the noise emission values.
Hazards generated by vibration
Degeneration of the hand-arm-nervous system caused by hand-arm vibration and degenerative alteration of the vertebral column caused by whole-body vibration
Machinery must be designed and built to minimize vibration-related risks, considering advancements in technology and methods for vibration reduction, as outlined in CR 1030-1:1995.
Measurements of hand-arm (e.g for pedestrian-controlled or portable smoothing machines) and whole-body (ride- on machines only) vibration shall be made according to EN 1032:2003 and EN ISO 20643:2005.
High-pressure fluid injection hazard from hydraulic or pneumatic systems
The systems and their components of the equipment shall fulfil the requirements of EN 982:1996 and
EMC
The electrical equipment of machinery and plants shall comply with EN 13309:2000.
Fire protection
On operator’s places where flammable materials be used, the burning rate shall not exceed 200 mm/min tested in accordance with ISO 3795:1989.
Electronically controlled systems
The electronically controlled systems shall comply with EN ISO 13849-1:2006.
Safety requirements
Safety requirements for internal vibrators
Table 2 — Safety requirements for internal vibrators Number Hazard Group Hazard
4.2.1 Rotating parts (for example coupling to flexible shaft or rotating mass) shall be protected with fixed guards
other rotating parts Enclosing guards shall be designed in accor- dance with EN 953:1997 considering the safety distances of
5.2.1.2 Electrical hazard Electrical contact of per- sons with lifeparts
direct contact 4.3 Protection from direct contact shall be ensured in accordance with EN 60204-1:2006, 6.2
indirect contact Protection from indirect contact shall be en- sured in accordance with EN 60204-1:2006, 6.3
Table 2 (continued) Number Hazard Group Hazard
External influences on elec- trical equipment
Adequate electric protection (safety in case of a fault) shall be ensured by using:
damage to electrical equipment measures according to EN 60204-1:2006, 6.3.2, to prevent the occurrence of a hazard- ous touch voltage, or
using sources for PELV in accordance with EN 60204-1:2006, 6.4
The source for PELV may be one of the fol- lowing:
a source of current providing a degree of safety equivalent to that of the safety- isolating transformer (e.g a motor gen- erator with winding providing equivalent isolation);
an electro-chemical source (e.g a bat- tery) or another source independent of a higher voltage circuit (e.g a diesel-driven generator);
An electronic power supply, such as a component for a communication combinational circuit, must adhere to relevant standards that outline necessary precautions These measures ensure that, even in the event of an internal fault, the voltage at the output terminals remains within the limits specified in section 6.4.1.
Electronic devices are designed to ensure that the voltage at the outgoing terminals does not exceed an effective value of 50 V alternating voltage, even in the event of an internal fault However, higher voltages are permissible if it can be guaranteed that the effective value of 50 V is reduced within 0.4 seconds for 230 V and within 0.2 seconds for 400 V operating voltage, in accordance with the standards set by HD 60364-4-41:2007.
To ensure safety, the vibrator must be inoperable after the removal of electronic equipment or in the event of system failures Additionally, if any operational errors occur, the vibrator will immediately cease functioning, and a restart will not be permitted.
Table 2 (continued) Number Hazard Group Hazard
The vibrator must be equipped with at least one start/stop device, which can be integrated with the frequency voltage converter or located at the operator's position There should be a minimum of 10 meters of electric cable between the vibrator tool and the electric protection device, although this requirement does not apply to vibrators powered by a flex shaft.
Moreover, the requirements below shall be ensured:
the position of the electrical equipment in the machinery shall guarantee protection from mechanical damage to electrical equipment;
flexible leads of HO7RN-F or AO7RN-F according to HD 22.4 S4:2004 or at least equivalent specification shall be used;
plug devices shall be qualified for more difficult (rough) conditions according to
dust/wetness requirements to IP-type of electric pro- tection in accordance with
waterproof type IP X7 for the im- mersion needle and flexible parts, boxes for switching on and off, in- sertion of leads;
throw water protection IP X4 for separate portable parts;
5.2.1.3 Thermal hazards Burns by possible contact with hot parts
4.4 Parts which are hot in operation shall be de- signed, constructed, positioned or provided with thermal guards to minimize the risk of contact with hot parts and/or surfaces,
EN ISO 13732-1:2006 shall be considered for contact with hot surfaces
5.2.1.4 Hazard gener- ated by noise
5.2.1.5 Hazard gener- ated by whole- body and hand- arm vibration
Hazard generated by ec- centric vibration of the rotat- ing mass
5.2.1.6 Hazards caused by missing and/ or incorrectly posi- tioned safety related meas- ures/ means
holds, lifting and tie- down devices and tow- ing eyes
The machine shall be transported safely Fixing and lifting devices shall be provided which meet the requirements as defined in 5.2.4.7.
Safety requirements for external vibrators
Table 3 — Safety requirements for external vibrators
Number Hazard Group Hazard Reference to
5.2.2.1 Mechanical hazards Drawing-in hazard
4.2.1 Rotating parts shall be protected with enclos- ing guards Enclosing guards shall be de- signed in accordance with EN 953:1997 con- sidering the safety distances of
4.2.2 The fixing of the vibrator on the frame form shall be dimensioned in accordance with the dynamic load caused by the maximum cen- trifugal power and frequency of the vibrator which is possible
Electrical contact of persons with lifeparts
Protection from direct contact shall be en- sured in accordance with EN 60204-1:2006, 6.2
indirect contact Protection from indirect contact shall be en- sured in accordance with EN 60204-1:2006, 6.3
External influences on electri- cal equipment
Moreover, the requirements below shall be ensured:
the position of the electrical equipment in the machinery shall guarantee protection from mechanical damage to electrical equipment;
flexible leads of H 07 RN-F or A 07 RN-F according to HD 22.4 S4:2004 or at least equivalent specification shall be used;
plug devices shall be qualified for more difficult (rough) conditions according to
dust/wetness requirements to IP-Type of electric pro- tection in accordance with
water jet protection IP X5 for vi- brating boxes, boxes for switching on and off, insertion of leads;
5.2.2.3 Hazard gener- ated by noise
5.2.2.4 Hazards caused by missing and/ or incorrectly posi- tioned safety related meas- ures/ means
holds, lifting and tie- down devices and towing eyes
The machine shall be transported safely Fix- ing and lifting devices shall be provided which meet the requirements as defined in 5.2.4.7.
Safety requirements for vibrating beams
Table 4 — Safety requirements for vibrating beams
Number Hazard Group Hazard Reference to
5.2.3.1 Mechanical hazards Drawing-in hazard
4.2.1 Rotating parts of the engine and other rotating parts shall be protected with fixed guards En- closing guards shall be designed in accordance with EN 953:1997 considering the safety dis- tances of
collapse of machinery parts during transpor- tation and intended use
4.2.2 The fixing shall ensure safe operation during intended use and transportation with lifting de- vices
unintentional starting of the vibrating beam drive
Automatic or unexpected restarting of the vibrat- ing beam upon restoration of the voltage or upon switching on the incoming supply shall be pre- vented according to EN 60204-1:2006, 7.5
Electrical contact of per- sons with lifeparts
direct contact Protection from direct contact shall be ensured in accordance with EN 60204-1:2006, 6.2
indirect contact Protection from indirect contact shall be ensured in accordance with EN 60204-1:2006, 6.3
External influences on electrical equipment
Moreover, the requirements below shall be en- sured:
the position of the electrical equipment in the machinery shall guarantee protection from mechanical damage to electrical equipment;
flexible leads of H 07 RN-F or A 07 RN-F according to HD 22.4 S4:2004 or at least equivalent specification shall be used;
requirements to IP-type of electrical protec- tion according to EN 60529:1991:
water jet protection IP X5 for vibrating box, boxes for switching on and off, in- sertion of leads;
5.2.3.3 Thermal hazards Burns by possible contact with hot parts, combustion engine
4.4 Parts which are hot in operation shall be de- signed, constructed, positioned or provided with thermal guards to minimize the risk of contact with hot parts and/or surfaces, EN ISO 13732- 1:2006 shall be considered for contact with hot surfaces
5.2.3.4 Hazards gen- erated by noise
Table 4 (continued) Number Hazard Group Hazard
5.2.3.5 Hazards gen- erated by hand- arm vibration
Hazards generated by ec- centric vibration of the ro- tating mass
! 5.2.3.6 Hazards gen- erated by burnt fuel and oil
Hazard from inhalation of harmful exhausted gases from combustion engines
4.8 To minimize the risk of inhalation, exhaust gases of internal combustion engines shall be directed away from the operator
Vibrating beams which are intended to be used not only outdoors shall be electrically pow- ered."
5.2.3.7 Hazards caused by missing and/ or incorrectly posi- tioned safety related meas- ures/ means
holds, lifting and tie- down devices and tow- ing eyes
The machine shall be transported safely Fixing and lifting devices shall be provided which meet the requirements as defined in 5.2.4.7.
Safety requirements for smoothing machines
Table 5 — Safety requirements for smoothing machines Number Hazard Group Hazard
Safety requirements/protective meas- ures
4.2.1 A circular protection device around the plate and the blades shall be installed
This device shall be designed to enable the operator to see that the tool is working.
NOTE This condition is indispensable to enable work to be undertaken
Fixed guards or covering shall be de- signed in accordance with EN 953:1997 considering the safety distances of
If the protection device or parts of it is constructed of bars (or tubes), there shall be a gap not exceeding 90 mm between them (see Figure B.1)
The outer bars or tubes of the blade guard must endure a horizontal force at any point equal to twice the machine's weight, or at least 80 kg if the machine weighs less than 40 kg, without experiencing permanent deformation.
Table 5 (continued) Number Hazard Group Hazard
Safety requirements/protective meas- ures
The height from the ground of the lowest bar with blades in the flat position when the machine is operating shall not exceed
60 mm (see Figure B.1), see also 7.1
For pedestrian-operated smoothing machines, the horizontal distance from the controls at the pole to the outermost part of the protection device must be at least 900 mm Additionally, the adjustment of the smoothing blades should only be possible from the operator's position during operation, utilizing two-hand controls.
EN 574:1996 for pedestrian-operated ma- chines or when the operator is sitting on the seat for ride-on-operated machines
rotation of the pole after release by the operator
4.2.1 If the operator releases the pole uninten- tionally during operation of pedestrian- operated smoothing machines, the pole will immediately move turning around The pole shall stop automatically after release of the pole by the operator This shall be ensured by a hold-to-run control device The pole shall not turn more than 270° after unintentional release
Electrically powered machines may turn more than 270° This can be accepted if the remaining turning energy does not exceed 25 Joule at the outside of the pole- holding device
The pole shall not turn during engine start.
unintentional loosening of the pole-fixing to the machine
The design of the pole and its fixing for pedestrian-operated smoothing machines must accommodate the maximum static and dynamic loads during intended use Additionally, it is important to consider the slip, trip, and fall hazards associated with the rotating blades.
ride-on-operated smoothing machine gets out of control of the driver
Controls of ride-on machines shall have a neutral position All operating functions shall be automatically stopped with the control in neutral position
After releasing the operator's seat, the engine shall be automatically stopped, e.g by interruption of ignition
unintentional starting of smoothing tools at pe- destrian-operated smoothing machines
In the event of an electrical energy supply loss, the smoothing tool can only be restarted after executing a reset control function, which must comply with the standards outlined in EN ISO 13849-1:2006.
ride-on-operated smoothing machine moving in wrong direc- tions
The movement of controls to activate the movement of the machine shall corre- spond to the implemented movement of the machine
Table 5 (continued) Number Hazard Group Hazard
Safety requirements/protective meas- ures
unintentional start of smoothing tools of ride-on-operated smoothing machines
The pedal shall be so designed and ar- ranged that an unintentional activation is not possible
5.2.4.2 Electrical hazards Electrical contact of persons with lifeparts
4.3 Protection from direct contact shall be ensured in accordance with EN 60204- 1:2006, 6.2
indirect contact Protection from indirect contact shall be ensured in accordance with EN 60204- 1:2006, 6.3
External influences on elec- trical equipment
Moreover, the requirements below shall be ensured:
the position of the electrical equip- ment in the machinery shall guaran- tee protection from mechanical dam- age to electrical equipment;
flexible leads of H 07 RN-F or A 07 RN-F according to HD 22.4 S4:2004 or at least equivalent specification shall be used;
plug devices shall be qualified for more difficult (rough) conditions ac- cording to EN 60309-1:1999;
requirements to IP-type of electric protection in accordance with
5.2.4.3 Thermal hazards Burns by possible contact with hot parts
4.4 Parts which are hot in operation shall be designed, constructed, positioned or pro- vided with thermal guards to minimize the risk of contact with hot parts and/or sur- faces, EN ISO 13732-1:2006 shall be con- sidered for contact with hot surfaces
5.2.4.4 Hazards gen- erated by noise
5.2.4.5 Hazards by whole-body and hand-arm vibra- tion
Hazards generated by vi- bration
from the engine(s) and smoothing blades
! 5.2.4.6 Hazards gen- erated by mate- rial and sub- stances proc- essed or used by machinery
Hazards from inhalation of harmful exhausted gases
4.8 To minimize the risk of inhalation, exhaust gases of internal combustion engines shall be directed away from the operator
Smoothing machines equipped with internal combustion engines designed for both indoor and outdoor use must feature low-emission drives, such as liquid-gas systems or comparable engines that effectively reduce harmful gas emissions Additionally, these machines should incorporate technologies like particulate filters or catalysts to further minimize harmful gas output.
Table 5 (continued) Number Hazard Group Hazard
Safety requirements/protective meas- ures
5.2.4.7 Hazards caused by missing and/ or incorrectly posi- tioned safety related meas- ures/ means
holds, lifting and tie- down devices and tow- ing eyes
The machine can be transported using holds, lifting and tie-down devices, as well as towing eyes Any installed holds or fixing devices must comply with specific requirements to ensure safe transport.
The design of the rigging devices must ensure that there is no permanent deformation or collapse when subjected to a static load that is double the machine's mass Additionally, these devices should facilitate the stable lifting, holding, and lowering of the smoothing machine To enhance safety and usability, the devices must be clearly marked on the machine with appropriate symbols, as specified in ISO 6405-1:2004, Symbol 7.25.
collapse of machinery parts during trans- portation and intended use
4.2.2 The safe attachment of machinery parts shall be ensured
Machine parts (e.g smoothing discs) shall be secured that unintentional loosening during operation or machine lifting by crane, is avoided
backswing of the hand- starting device at com- bustion engines
Starting devices of hand-started machines shall be equipped with safety starting de- vice as defined in EN 500-1:2006, An- nex B
side-slip of the rope during pull-starting
The pull-rope of pull-rope-starting devices shall be securely attached to the starting device
uncontrolled move- ment of the machinery
During and after engine start with hand- starting devices, there shall be no auto- matic movement of the machine and its equipment
Electrically powered smoothing machines shall be prevented from unintentional starting of the motor when connected to the electrical power supply Independent switches shall be provided for that pur- pose
Electrically powered machines utilizing three-phase current must be equipped with a mechanism that either prevents the smoothing blades from starting in the incorrect direction or allows for the control of the rotation direction prior to activation.
6 Verification of safety requirements and/or protective measures
To ensure compliance with the standard, it is essential to confirm that the design and manufacturing of concrete compactors and smoothing machines meet the specified requirements This can be achieved through measurement, testing as prescribed by the standard, or by assessing the manufacturer's documentation, which includes evidence that purchased components adhere to the required standards.
Verification of the requirements outlined in Clause 5 can be conducted through inspection, calculation, or testing These methods should be applied to the machine when it is fully commissioned, although some checks may require partial dismantling Importantly, this partial dismantling will not affect the validity of the verification results.
All safety measures of Clause 5 contain self-evident criteria of acceptance
Warning signs
When the machines or its accessories present residual hazards, safety signs shall be affixed to the machine
A permanent warning sign must be affixed to the mobile machine, clearly indicating the correct connection to the electrical power supply Additionally, the user instructions should emphasize: "Do not connect to a household socket! Use only with an RCD protected supply."
use of PPE (e.g ear protection);
for smoothing machines with internal combustion engine which are not intended to be used indoors: a warning sign that the machines shall only be used outdoors."
Operation manual
General
Every machine must include an operation manual that complies with EN ISO 12100-2:2003, section 6.5, and is written in the language(s) of the country where the machine will be initially used.
They shall specify when the need arises for the use of personal protection equipment
The written instructions shall give the following information on noise emission (noise declaration):
A-weighted emission sound pressure level at workstations;
peak C-weighted emission sound pressure level at workstations where this exceeds 63 Pa (130 dB in relation to 20 àPa);
A-weighted sound power level emitted by the machine where the A-weighted emission sound pressure level at any workstation exceeds 80 dB(A);
operating conditions of the machinery during noise emission measurement;
workstation position(s) where the emission sound pressure level(s) have been determined
For both the A-weighted sound power level and the A-weighted emission sound pressure level at workstations, the declaration format must include a dual number, presenting the measured value alongside the defined K value.
NOTE 1 No technical data on noise emission are presently available to estimate the standard deviation of reproducibility for concrete compactors and smoothing machines Therefore, the values of the standard deviation of reproducibility for A-weighted levels stated in !EN ISO 3744:2010" namely 1,5 dB and !EN ISO 11201:2010" namely 2,5 dB may be regarded as interim upper boundaries and used for the determination of the uncertainty K when preparing the noise declaration Investiga- tions requiring a joint effort of manufacturers are necessary to determine a possibly lower value of the standard deviation of re- producibility, which will result in a lower value of the uncertainty K Results of such investigations will be reflected in a future version of this standard
NOTE 2 Information on noise emission should also be provided in the sales literature
NOTE 3 A specific noise test code is not yet available
The written instructions shall give as far as applicable information on vibration as specified in 5.1.2 and in
EN ISO 12100-2:2003, 4.8.4, regarding hand-arm and whole-body vibration
The operation manual shall contain information about the machine, its transport, commissioning, intended use and foreseeable misuse and about maintenance and decommissioning
Information about the necessary power source for safe operation
In environments with specific risks, such as operating machines in potentially explosive atmospheres or working at heights, it is essential for the operation manual to alert the machine operator to these dangers Operators must adhere to necessary safety precautions to ensure their safety and mitigate risks.
The operation manual shall give instructions for changing smoothing discs and blades and the need to attach them correctly
Attention shall be drawn to the IP-type of electrical protection required during cleaning of the machine
In general, there shall be the following instructions:
operator’s manual with machine description, information about operator's controls, instruction of operator's po- sition, etc.;
The operation manual must include a comprehensive list of safety-related spare parts, clearly identified and providing information on where to find each part for replacement.
Smoothing machines equipped with internal combustion engines that lack low-emission drives or gas-reducing systems must be designated for outdoor use only, as specified by the manufacturer.
When operating smoothing machines powered by internal combustion engines, manufacturers must highlight the presence of residual risks associated with harmful exhaust gases It is essential to implement appropriate measures, such as monitoring pollutant concentration and ensuring proper ventilation and de-aeration, to mitigate these risks.
The manufacturer must communicate the hazards associated with winch usage, particularly the risk of backstroke Additionally, it is essential to ensure that no individuals are present or enter the danger zone during operation.
Before assembling or disassembling the smoothing blades of a machine powered by an internal combustion engine, ensure the ignition cable is disconnected from the spark plug Additionally, if the machine starts electrically, it is essential to disconnect the battery.
If the assembly/disassembly of the smoothing blades of an electrically powered machine is required, it shall be dis- connected from the power supply
The manufacturer shall give information about personal protection equipment, e.g safety shoes, ear protection.
Instruction and information for use and maintenance
The operator's manual shall contain the following, if applicable:
description of information and operator's controls;
instruction of operator's position, etc.;
instructions for use and maintenance of the machine.
Marking
Each machine shall bear the following minimum marking in a legible and indelible condition:
business name and full address of the manufacturer and, where applicable, his authorised representative;
month and year in which the manufacturing process is completed;
designation of series or type, if any;
serial or identification number, if any;
mass in kg of the most usual configuration
In addition, for electrically powered machines:
In addition, for vibrators the information below:
Engine-powered machines shall comprise a marking indicating that it does not have to be used in the confined zone without being connected to a device for gas evacuation
Machines and their associated products intended for sale in the European Economic Area (EEA) must comply with CE marking requirements as outlined in relevant European directives, such as those for Machinery, Low Voltage, Explosive Atmospheres, and Gas Appliances.
2) The rules for marking of machines can also apply to interchangeable equipment in the sense of Article 1(2) of the Machinery
Illustration of concrete compactors and smoothing machines
2 drive shaft for the eccentric mass
Figure B.2 — Horizontal distance from the pole to the most external bar
Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC
This European Standard was developed under a mandate from the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association to ensure compliance with the Essential Requirements of the New Approach Directive Machinery 2006/42/EC regarding machinery.
Once the standard is published in the Official Journal of the European Union and adopted as a national standard by at least one Member State, adhering to its normative clauses provides a presumption of conformity with the relevant Essential Requirements of the Directive and associated EFTA regulations, within the standard's scope.
WARNING — Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the scope of this standard
[1] EN ISO 11688-2:2000, Acoustics — Recommended practice for the design of low-noise machinery and equip- ment — Part 2: Introduction to the physics of low-noise design (ISO/TR 11688-2:1998)