Bsi bs en 12312 9 2013

single platform loader loader which only has a single lifting platform 3.3 two platforms loader loader having a front platform and a main platform 3.4 multiple platforms loader eith

BSI Standards Publication

Aircraft ground support equipment — Specific requirements

Part 9: Container/Pallet loaders

National foreword

This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 12312-9:2013

It supersedes BS EN 12312-9:2005+A1:2009 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee ACE/57, Air cargo and ground support equipment

A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary

This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract Users are responsible for its correctapplication

© The British Standards Institution 2013 Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2013

ISBN 978 0 580 70184 9ICS 49.100

Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.

This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 January 2013

Amendments issued since publication

NORME EUROPÉENNE

English Version Aircraft ground support equipment - Specific requirements - Part

9: Container/Pallet loaders

Matériel au sol pour aéronefs - Exigences particulières -

Partie 9 : Chargeurs de conteneurs/palettes

Luftfahrt-Bodengeräte - Besondere Anforderungen - Teil 9:

Container-/Paletten-Hubfahrzeuge

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 24 November 2012

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German) A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,

Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION

C O M I T É E U R O P É E N D E N O R M A L I S A T I O N

E U R O P Ä I S C H E S K O M I T E E FÜ R N O R M U N G

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels

© 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref No EN 12312-9:2013: E

Contents Page

Foreword 3

Introduction 5

1 Scope 6

2 Normative references 6

3 Terms and definitions 7

4 List of hazards 8

5 Safety requirements and/or measures 8

5.1 General requirements 8

5.2 Overall dimensions 8

5.3 Platform design, guide-rails and stops 8

5.3.1 Platform types 8

5.3.2 Guide-rails and stops 9

5.3.3 Aircraft interface device 9

5.4 Operation and loading 10

5.5 Access 10

5.5.1 General 10

5.5.2 Access to the operator's position 10

5.5.3 Additional access 10

5.6 Transportability 11

5.7 Crushing, shearing 12

5.8 Warning devices 12

5.9 Controls, monitoring devices and displays 12

5.9.1 Controls 12

5.9.2 Emergency stops 12

5.10 Stability 12

5.11 Mobility 13

5.12 Operating speeds 13

5.12.1 Translational speed 13

5.12.2 Autolevelling speed 13

5.13 Operator's workplace 13

5.14 Safeguards against falling 13

5.15 Working lights 15

5.16 Options 15

6 Information for use 15

6.1 Marking 15

6.2 Additional marking 16

6.3 Warnings 16

6.4 Instructions 16

7 Verification of requirements 17

Annex A (normative) List of hazards in addition to those of EN 1915-1 18

Annex B (informative) Functional requirements for platforms equipped with conveying systems 21

Annex C (informative) Loading control 23

C.1 Machinery Directive requirements 23

C.2 Demonstration of absence of risk of overloading/overturning 23

Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC 24

Bibliography 25

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights This document supersedes EN 12312-9:2005+A1:2009

This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EC Directive 2006/42/EC on machinery

For relationship with EU Directives, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document

EN 12312, Aircraft ground support equipment ― Specific requirements, consists of the following parts:

 Part 1: Passenger stairs;

 Part 2: Catering vehicles;

 Part 3: Conveyor belt vehicles;

 Part 4: Passenger boarding bridges;

 Part 5: Aircraft fuelling equipment;

 Part 6: Deicers and deicing/antiicing equipment;

 Part 7: Air-craft movement equipment;

 Part 8: Maintenance stairs and platforms;

 Part 9: Container/Pallet loaders (the present document);

 Part 10: Container/Pallet transfer transporters;

 Part 11: Container/Pallet dollies and loose load trailers;

 Part 12: Potable water service equipment;

 Part 13: Lavatory service equipment;

 Part 14: Disabled/incapacitated passenger boarding vehicles;

 Part 15: Baggage and equipment tractors;

 Part 16: Air start equipment;

 Part 17: Air conditioning equipment;

 Part 18: Nitrogen or Oxygen units;

 Part 19: Aircraft jacks, axle jacks and hydraulic tail stanchions;

 Part 20: Electrical ground power units

The main changes compared to the previous edition are:

a) Amendment A1:2009 was incorporated;

b) the Introduction was updated;

c) the Scope was updated;

d) Clause 2, Normative references, was updated;

e) three terms and definitions were added, one was deleted;

f) List of hazards was moved to Annex A, thus making it necessary to re-number the following Annex; g) 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 and 5.4 were changed;

h) 5.5, Access, was inserted, thus making it necessary to re-number the following subclauses;

i) 5.7 to 5.10, 5.13 and 5.15 were changed;

j) 5.14, Safeguards against falling, was inserted, thus making it necessary to re-number the following subclauses;

k) Clause 6 and 7 were changed;

l) Annex B, Examples of different loaders, was deleted;

m) Annex C was changed;

n) Annex D, Typical data for loading equipment, was deleted;

o) Annex ZA referring to the Machinery directive 98/37/EC was replaced by Annex ZA referring to the new Machinery directive 2006/42/EC;

p) the Bibliography was updated

According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom

Introduction

This European Standard specifies health and safety requirements for container/pallet loaders intended for loading/unloading of unit loads with the exception of bulk material for all aircraft types commonly in service in civil air transport

The minimum essential criteria are considered to be of primary importance in providing safe, serviceable, economical and practical container/pallet loaders Deviations from the recommended criteria should occur only after careful consideration, extensive testing, risk assessment and thorough service evaluation have shown alternative methods or conditions to be satisfactory Such deviations are outside the scope of this standard and a manufacturer should be able to demonstrate an equivalent level of protection

This document is a Type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100

The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered are indicated in the scope of this document

When provisions of this Type C standard are different from those which are stated in Type A or B standards, the provisions of this Type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this Type C standard Deviations from requirements do not fall within the presumption of conformity given by the standard

For information, a summary of equipment functional design requirements covered by International Standards, e.g ISO 6967 and ISO 6968, and IATA Airport Handling Manual, is given in Annex B

This document applies to:

a) Container/Pallet loader (self-propelled) single platform;

b) Container/Pallet loader (self-propelled) two or more platforms;

c) Container/Pallet loader/transporter (self-propelled);

d) Container/Pallet loader/transfer platform (towed)

This document does not establish requirements for noise and vibration

NOTE 1 EN 1915-3 and EN 1915-4 provide the general GSE noise and vibration requirements

This standard does not deal with hazards in respect to a standard automotive chassis and from other vehicles

EN 1837, Safety of machinery — Integral lighting of machines

EN 1915-1:2013, Aircraft ground support equipment — General requirements — Part 1: Basic safety

requirements

EN 1915-2, Aircraft ground support equipment — General requirements — Part 2: Stability and strength

requirements, calculations and test methods

EN 1915-3, Aircraft ground support equipment — General requirements — Part 3: Vibration measurement

methods and reduction

EN 1915-4, Aircraft ground support equipment — General requirements — Part 4: Noise measurement

methods and reduction

EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk

reduction (ISO 12100:2010)

EN ISO 13849-1:2008, Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 1: General

principles for design (ISO 13849-1:2006)

EN ISO 13850:2008, Safety of machinery — Emergency stop — Principles for design (ISO 13850:2006)

EN ISO 13857, Safety of machinery — Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by upper and

lower limbs (ISO 13857)

EN ISO 14122-1:2001, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 1: Choice of

fixed means of access between two levels (ISO 14122-1:2001)

ISO 2328, Fork-lift trucks — Hook-on type fork arms and fork arm carriages — Mounting dimensions

ISO 3864 (all parts), Graphical symbols — Safety colours and safety signs

DIN 51130:2004, Testing of floor coverings — Determination of the anti-slip property — Workrooms and fields

of activities with slip danger, walking method — Ramp test

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100:2010 and

EN 1915-1:2013 and the following apply

single platform loader

loader which only has a single lifting platform

3.3

two platforms loader

loader having a front platform and a main platform

3.4

multiple platforms loader

either two platforms, or three platforms loader

3.12

lower deck container

aircraft container shaped to fit the lower deck of high capacity aircraft

Note 1 to entry: These units come in half and full sizes, related to the width of a particular position in a specific aircraft type

5 Safety requirements and/or measures

5.1 General requirements

5.1.1 Container/Pallet loaders shall conform to the requirements of this standard and relevant requirements

of EN 1915-1, EN 1915-2, EN 1915-3 and EN 1915-4 unless otherwise specified in this standard The specific requirements of this standard take precedence over those of the EN 1915 series

5.1.2 Strength calculations shall be carried out in accordance with EN 1915-2

5.2 Overall dimensions

The overall dimensions of the loader shall be kept to a minimum, consistent with its function and in accordance with the requirements of 5.4 The overall height of the entire loader shall not exceed 4,0 m, when being driven with the platform(s) in the lowest position

5.3 Platform design, guide-rails and stops

5.3.1 Platform types

Depending on the type, loaders may have one, two or more platforms

Single platform loaders shall provide a platform which is capable of up and down movement between the specified heights as appropriate to the type(s) of container/pallets to be handled

Two platform loaders shall provide:

a) a front platform which is positioned adjacent to the aircraft door and which remains at this position during the loading/unloading operation, or, for main deck operation, may be lowered to a lower deck position to interface with the main platform; and

b) a main platform, for up and down movement between the specified heights as appropriate to the type(s)

of containers/pallets to be handled

Three platforms loaders shall, in addition, provide an intermediate platform capable of up and down movement between levels served by the front and main platforms

5.3.2 Guide-rails and stops

5.3.2.1 Guide-rails shall be provided along the whole length of both sides of the platform to guide containers/pallets onto the aircraft and to prevent them from falling off On single platforms and the front platform of two platform loaders they shall be adjustable laterally to align with the corresponding in-aircraft guides On container-only loaders, guide-rails may be fixed Powered guide-rails shall consist of either one or more sections and for each section be able to operate independently All powered guide-rails shall be in the

“up” position when the main platform raises more than 150 mm from the rest position For the transfer of loads, it shall be possible for the operator to control the retraction/removal of the guide-rails on the main platform, at any height of the main platform between 1 524 mm (60 in) and the fully lowered position This function shall be operated in accordance with 5.9.1.4

5.3.2.2 Stops shall be provided as follows:

a) on the front platform of a multiple platforms loader, automatic stops shall be fitted at the end adjacent to the main platform; these stops shall rise when the main platform moves down and retract when the main platform reaches the front platform level;

b) for loaders designed for main deck operation, and where the front platform is lowered to the lower deck position for interface with the main platform, stops shall be provided at the forward end of the front platform;

c) automatic stops shall be provided at the rear end of the main platform of a multiple platforms loader An automatic stop shall be provided at the forward end in order to prevent overhanging pallet loads or container contours to interfere with the front platform;

d) on a single platform or an intermediate platform of a three platforms loader, retractable stops shall be provided at both ends;

e) where the stops on the rear end of a main platform are capable of being manually controlled, it shall only

be possible to retract the stops when the main platform is stopped at any height between the fully lowered position and 1 524 mm (60 in) above the ground;

f) where stops are provided at the forward end of the main platform or at the separation between two powered sections of the main platform, the forward end stop shall automatically retract as the main platform lines up with the front or intermediate platform; the stop between the sections shall be controlled independently by the operator

5.3.2.3 All stops and guide-rails shall have a minimum height of 50 mm (2 in) above the conveying surface

For the majority of containers and pallets, a maximum height of 100 mm (4 in) is required to avoid damage to overhanging loads or the sloping undersides of some containers For certain lower deck containers, the maximum height becomes 50 mm (2 in) The maximum height should take into account the types of containers to be handled

5.3.3 Aircraft interface device

The leading edge of the platform shall be fitted along its whole length with a full width bumper designed to protect the aircraft that:

a) is of a non-marking semi-soft material;

c) is designed to minimise any force exerted onto the aircraft

5.4 Operation and loading

5.4.1 To ensure alignment, it shall be possible to adjust the container/pallet in lateral and longitudinal

direction on the platforms The length and width of platforms shall be sufficient to handle the appropriate container/pallet sizes

5.4.2 Platform elevating mechanisms shall be designed to hold platforms, at the full capacity specified for

the platform, with a decrease in height of no greater than 2 mm/m of maximum height after setting

5.4.3 On multiple platform loaders, it shall not be possible for the operator to alter the relative heights of the

platforms by more than 100 mm (4 in) when containers/pallets are bridging the platforms

5.4.4 Platform(s) and operator’s accommodation shall be designed not to interfere with aircraft doors when

opening, closing and when the doors are fixed open Positive mechanical stops shall be provided to ensure that under no circumstances a platform reaches a level higher than that of the next one closer to the aircraft

5.4.5 By exception from EN 1915-1:2013, 5.13.1, all platform areas that may be used as standing areas or walkways shall have a durably slip-resistant floor surface, with a minimum R13 slip-resistance classification Slip-resistance classification shall be measured in accordance with DIN 51130:2004, Table 3

5.5 Access

5.5.1 General

On a multiple platforms loader, the operator's position on the front platform shall be accessible from the ground Provisions shall be made for eliminating or reducing the risk of falling of persons accessing or exiting the platform Such provisions shall include in the following order either of:

a) a lifting platform;

b) stairs;

Stairs usually prevent side transfer of containers or pallets on one side: this may be acceptable in certain operating conditions, or obviated by container/pallet turning capability on the main platform

c) as minimum means where stairs are not feasible, a ladder or stepladder

Selection of the means of access shall be carried out in accordance with EN ISO 14122-1:2001, 5.3

The means of access should meet locally applicable regulations for emergency egress from the front platform Where the loader is not fully capable of it, additional means may have to be considered See EN 1915-1:2013, Introduction, f) - negotiation

Stairs, ladders, and stepladders shall meet all the applicable requirements of EN 1915-1:2013, Annex D

5.5.2 Access to the operator's position

The operator's position shall be accessible from ground level in the fully lowered position

Access shall be provided at least by a fixed ladder, if the platform cannot be lowered to 0,5 m or less The ladder shall be located in the direct view of the operator while lifting or lowering the platform

5.5.3 Additional access

Additional access to the front platform in the elevated position shall be provided as follows

Access shall be provided by a separate personnel lifting platform, or by a dedicated area on, or an extension

of, the main or intermediate platform, or a stair in accordance with EN 1915-1:2013, D.3

Separate personnel lifting platforms or dedicated areas on the main/intermediate platform or an extension of it shall comply with the following requirements:

a) an emergency lowering device shall be provided in accordance with EN 1915-1:2013, 5.20.3;

b) a separate personnel lifting platform shall be completely enclosed by guard rails in accordance with

EN 1915-1:2013, 5.13.2, including self-closing gates at the access point(s) It shall not be possible to:1) lift or lower the platform if the gate(s) is (are) not latched in the closed position;

2) open the gate if the platform is in an intermediate position

The corresponding interlock and safety related control system function shall achieve performance level

"c" according to EN ISO 13849-1

A dedicated area for lifting staff on the main/intermediate platform or an extension of it shall be enclosed

by guard rails on at least three sides (min 1 m guard rail on the outside edge and 0,8 m guard rail on the adjoining sides perpendicular to it)

In either case, the enclosed area shall be commensurate with the number of persons allowed;

c) any crushing or shearing points shall be prevented in accordance with EN 1915-1:2013, 5.15, and 5.7 of this standard;

d) the lifting systems shall meet the requirements of EN 1915-1:2013, 5.20, 5.21 and 5.22;

e) platform vertical speed shall not exceed the limits of EN 1915-1:2013, 5.23.2;

f) platform's movement shall be controlled from either of:

1) a control panel located on the personnel lifting platform or dedicated area itself; or

2) the loader operator's control panel In this case, the personnel lifting platform or dedicated area shall remain in the direct field of view of the operator while lifting or lowering the platforms;

3) if more than one panel intended to control the lifting or lowering movement are provided, an interlock system in accordance with EN 1915-1:2013, 5.4.3, shall be installed The corresponding safety function shall achieve performance level "c" according to EN ISO 13849-1;

4) in either case, the platform shall be fitted with an emergency stop meeting the requirements of

EN ISO 13850 and in accordance with EN 1915-1:2013, 5.4.1;

g) a safe access path (see EN 1915-1:2013, 5.13.1), protected by guard rails in accordance with

EN 1915-1:2013, 5.13.2, shall be provided between the personnel lifting platform or the dedicated area on the main/intermediate platform in its elevated position and the elevated front platform;

h) the platform shall be visibly and legibly marked with the maximum allowable load and number of persons

5.6 Transportability

5.6.1 Lifting points shall be provided to ensure that lifting of loaders can be achieved

5.6.2 Where fork-lift pockets are used, they shall be compatible with the dimensions of fork arms given in

ISO 2328

5.7 Crushing, shearing

Access to crushing and shearing points shall be prevented by either guards or safety distances in accordance with EN ISO 13857

Specific areas for such risk assessment include, but are not limited to:

a) risk of crushing or shearing due to relative movement of platforms;

b) risk of crushing or shearing as part of access to the front platform is in an elevated position;

c) risk of crushing or shearing due to movement of an automatic barrier aft of the forward platform

5.9.1.3 All controls shall be designed to be capable of being operated by gloved hands

Where a remote control is used to allow control of the front (bridge) platform loading/unloading processes, either from the platform in an elevated position or from the aircraft door area, the remote control shall be installed in such a way that activation of the controls on the aircraft and the controls for the loader is possible

5.9.1.4 Operating controls shall be of the "hold to run" type (see EN 1915-1)

Safety related parts of the control system shall be designed in accordance with EN ISO 13849-1, and shall achieve the appropriate performance level determined according to EN ISO 13849-1:2008, Annex A Minimum performance level values stated in the present Standard shall be complied with

5.10.1 Stability calculations shall be carried out in accordance with EN 1915-2

5.10.2 Where stability is not provided by the intrinsic design, stabilisers shall be installed in order to provide

the stability required both for loading/unloading operations It shall not be possible to raise the main platform from the rest position if the stabilisers are not extended nor, conversely, to retract the stabilisers if the main platform is higher than the rest position

5.10.3 It shall not be possible to drive the loader with the stabilisers extended

5.10.4 In the event of main power failure it shall be possible to release the stabilisers, by auxiliary means

independent from the primary power

5.11 Mobility

5.11.1 Powered steering shall be provided

5.11.2 The unladen loader shall be capable of starting from rest up an incline of at least 3° under its own

power

5.11.3 For the final positioning and reversing at the aircraft, a slow non-jerking speed control shall be

provided

5.11.4 The minimum ground clearance provided shall enable the loader to negotiate two ramps that intersect

at 3° (5 %) either in bridging or cresting

The measurement for the ground clearance requirement may be stipulated between manufacturer and user (see EN 1915-1:2013, Introduction, f) - negotiation)

5.13.1 The operator’s workplace shall be at platform level and, in the case of multiple platforms loaders, be

on or adjacent to the front platform It shall move up and down with the platform on which it is located

5.13.2 The operator’s workplace shall be positioned clear of the movement envelope of the load, as

restricted by the guide-rails (see 5.3.2.1)

5.13.3 The shape and arrangement of the operator’s workplace shall not restrict the field of view necessary

for operation of the loader; i.e the aircraft being loaded and the perimeter of the platform In addition, it shall provide visibility of the means of access, including e.g any access ladder or dedicated area for staff lifting on the main/intermediate platform (see 5.5.3, f))

5.13.4 The minimum free space for standing operators shall be 0,5 m wide by 0,5 m deep A rest-pad shall

be fitted for a standing driver

5.13.5 Where seats are provided, they shall be secured, weather resistant and water repellent A driver

restraint system, e.g lap belt, is required if the maximum driving speed is over 15 km/h

In addition, means should be provided to keep the driver from sliding off the seat during driving, even at speeds lower than 15 km/h Such means can consist in either a driver restraint system or a hip-guard

5.14 Safeguards against falling

5.14.1 The operator’s workplace, including space forward of it that is used to walk in and out of the aircraft