3.1.2 laboratory body capable of testing a domestic wastewater treatment plant under controlled conditions 3.1.3 packaged domestic wastewater treatment plant prefabricated factory-bui
Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 16323:2014 and the following apply
3.1.1 end use condition in which a plant is normally installed
3.1.2 laboratory body capable of testing a domestic wastewater treatment plant under controlled conditions
3.1.3 packaged domestic wastewater treatment plant prefabricated factory-built wastewater treatment installation which accepts domestic wastewater and treats it to a declared quality
3.1.4 product family group of products in which, for the purpose of evaluation, the selected property(s) is/are similar for all products within the group
The definition of family encompasses products that share similar shapes, equipment, materials, and end-use conditions, ensuring a minimum level of hydraulic efficiency and structural performance across the entire range.
Note 2 to entry: The minimum level of performance (hydraulic efficiency and structural behaviour) are given by the test carried out on one model of the family
3.1.5 site assembled domestic wastewater treatment plant unit composed of prefabricated components assembled on one site by one manufacturer, which accepts domestic wastewater and treats it to a declared quality
3.1.6 extension shaft component(s) which, when placed on the top of the plant, allow access from or slightly above the ground surface
Note 1 to entry: It permits accessibility and maintenance work
Note 2 to entry: It may be either a vertical extension piece of the tank, or components, which are fitted only over certain points for example to allow maintenance or observation
3.1.7 nominal designation expressed as an integer giving the maximum number of population equivalent appropriate to the plant
Symbols and abbreviated terms
BOD7) Biochemical oxygen demand at 5 or 7 days
EPDM Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer
MFR Melt mass-flow rate
Design
General
Plants shall be structurally stable, durable, watertight and corrosion resistant
Raw wastewater shall not discharge to an open surface product
In the event of electrical, mechanical, or hydraulic malfunctions that may cause unit failure, an alarm must be installed to signal such issues The alarm's functionality will be confirmed as outlined in Table B.2.
Inlets, outlets, internal pipework and connections
The minimum internal diameter of inlet and outlet pipes for gravity flow is specified below:
— 100 mm for nominal hydraulic daily flow ≤ 4 m 3 /d;
— 150 mm for nominal hydraulic daily flow > 4 m 3 /d
The hydraulic design of the equipment, the internal pipework and connections shall ensure that no back-flows, blockage or surcharging occur during normal operation
Inlet and outlet pipes shall be compatible with pipe systems in accordance with European Standards.
Access
The design shall provide access to the inlet and outlet areas; this access may allow routine maintenance sampling, removal of sludge, cleaning and maintenance
Extension shafts and access covers shall be fit for purpose
An opening with a dimension (i.e width for rectangular section or diameter for circular section) of a minimum 400 mm shall be required For an open unit, access is not required
NOTE 1 For installation purposes of open units, there may be local regulations for maintenance access
NOTE 2 The requirements to provide facility for the access of a person into the plant may depend on applicable regulations, valid in the member state for the intended end use conditions For example, the minimum dimension of the opening for the access of a person in EN 476 is 600 mm
The access dimensions shall be declared Assessment of access dimension shall be carried out by a measurement with accuracy of 0,5 % of the dimension
The plant shall be designed to restrict unauthorized access by one of the following means: a) mass of the individual covers; b) securing feature; or c) locking accessory
Where a locking accessory or securing feature is used, it shall be designed so that the cover cannot be easily opened with objects readily accessible by children.
Sizing basis
Rules and units (per inhabitant, BOD, SS…) to be used for the determination of the population load are given by national regulations
When designing a wastewater treatment plant, it is essential to consider various criteria based on its intended use, including population load, daily loading capacity, minimum volume requirements, and specific criteria for domestic wastewater from sources like hotels and restaurants These additional design parameters must align with the national codes of practice and regulations applicable in the plant's country of operation.
The manufacturer shall declare the desludging frequency.
Overall dimensions
The overall dimensions of the plant (i.e height, width, length, diameters, etc.) shall be measured and declared together with a tolerance
Assessment of overall dimensions shall be done by measurement with accuracy of ± 0,5 % of the dimension.
Load bearing capacity
The small wastewater treatment plant shall resist the loads resulting from handling, installation and use including desludging and maintenance, for their design life
When tested according to 5.1, the load bearing capacity of the small wastewater treatment plant is declared as:
— maximum allowed height of backfill (in meters);
The plant can be installed in either wet or dry locations, denoted as WET, which specifies the maximum height of the water table from the base of the plant, or DRY.
Treatment efficiency
The plant shall demonstrate compliance with the wastewater treatment efficiency performances and the related operational data declared by the manufacturer, when tested according to Annex B
The manufacturer's declaration must detail the treatment efficiency ratios for COD, BOD, SS, nitrogen, and total phosphorus, based on the tested organic daily load as specified in section B.4 The calculation method for these ratios is outlined in section 5.2.
The treatment efficiency ratio (R) for a specified daily load must not exceed the average value obtained during testing as outlined in Annex B Additionally, alternative expressions of efficiency can be utilized for biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and suspended solids.
EXAMPLE Minimum and maximum concentrations of the effluent and the influent
The calculated ratios do not guarantee compliance with a country's regulatory effluent quality standards It is essential to perform a calculation to determine the final effluent qualities, which must then be compared to the applicable requirements in the specific location of use.
These ratios may not always be obtained when the plant is operating in practice
The article states that the frequency of desludging procedures conducted during the test, as outlined in Annex B, must be reported It is essential that the reported desludging frequency is equal to or greater than the frequency measured during the test.
Where required, i.e by national regulations, parameters described in B.2.4 shall be declared.
Watertightness
General
The plant shall meet at least one of the requirements given in 4.4.2 to 4.4.4 when tested according to the methods described in Annex A.
Water test
According to A.2 testing standards, water loss in plants is assessed after 30 minutes For concrete tanks, the acceptable limit is ≤ 0.1 l/m² of the internal wet surface of the external walls, while tanks made from plastics or other materials must not exhibit any leakage.
Vacuum test
When tested according to A.3, the plant shall be deemed watertight when the vacuum pressure selected for the test does not deviate by more than 10 % of the selected pressure.
Pneumatic pressure test
The plant is considered to be watertight when:
— tested in the conditions given in A.4.2 a), the pneumatic pressure selected for the test does not deviate by more than 0,5 kPa (0,005 bar) during the related test period; or
— tested in the conditions given in A.4.2 b), the variation of the initial pneumatic pressure (equal to 0,3 bar) is less than 3 kPa (0,03 bar) during 180 s.
Durability
General
Plants including all internal components shall be manufactured from materials that make them suitable for use in a wastewater environment
The material(s) used shall comply with 4.5.2 to 4.5.9 as appropriate.
Concrete
The compressive strength shall be greater or equal to class C 35/45 in accordance with EN 206
EN 13369, Table A.2 and A.2 shall apply for concrete cover of tanks made of steel reinforced concrete.
Steel
The grade of steel and type of coatings (where applicable) shall be in accordance with those specified in EN 858-1.
Unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC-U)
The characteristics of the PVC-U used for the plant shall be:
— PVC content: at least 80 % of mass determined according to EN 1905;
— K-value: 57 ≤ K-value ≤ 70, determined according to EN ISO 13229;
— Vicat softening temperature (VST): VST ≥ 79 °C, determined according to EN 727;
— density (D): 1 390 kg/m 3 ≤ D ≤ 1 500 kg/m 3 , determined according to EN ISO 1183;
— gelation: expressed as resistance to dichloromethane Determination according to EN 580, light attack at the chamfered wall up to 50 % at a temperature of 15 °C for 30 min;
— longitudinal reversion: ≤ 4,0 % Determination in accordance with method A of EN ISO 2505:2005.
Polyethylene (PE)
The characteristics of the PE-rotational moulding used for the plant shall be:
— MFR = (4,0 ± 3,0) g/10 min according to EN ISO 1133-1:2011 (under 2,16 kg and 190 °C);
— density ≥ 930 kg/m 3 according to EN ISO 1183;
— tensile properties, determined according to EN ISO 527-2, test piece type 1B, test temperature
(23 ± 2) °C and test speed 100 mm/min on test pieces taken from the tank:
— tensile stress at yield: ≥ 14 MPa;
— 2,0 g/10 min ≤ MFR ≤ 12,0 g/10 min according to EN ISO 1133-1:2011 (under 21,6 kg and 190 °C);
— density ≥ 940 kg/m 3 according to EN ISO 1183;
— tensile properties, determined according EN ISO 527-2, test piece type 1B, test temperature
(23 ± 2) °C and test speed 100 mm/min on test pieces taken from the tank:
— tensile stress at yield: ≥ 19 MPa;
The characteristics of the PE-extrusion used for the plant shall be:
— 0,15 g/10 min ≤ MFR ≤ 1,0 g/10 min according to EN ISO 1133-1:2011(under 5,00 kg and 190 °C);
— density ≥ 930 kg/m 3 according to EN ISO 1183;
— tensile properties, determined according to EN ISO 527-2, test piece type 1B, test temperature
(23 ± 2) °C and test speed 100 mm/min on test pieces taken from the tank:
— tensile stress at yield: ≥ 21 MPa;
Glass reinforced plastic (GRP)
The characteristics of the GRP used for the plant shall be:
— material shall be constructed using resins, reinforcement materials, processing agents and other materials in accordance with EN 976-1:1997, Clause 3;
— creep factor (α material) shall be ≥ 0,3 It is determined by using the following formula: α material , t f i
The initial flexural modulus (E_{f,i}) is measured at a temperature of (23 ± 5) °C following the guidelines of EN ISO 14125:1998, method A, and its corrigendum 1 In contrast, the long-term flexural modulus (E_{t}) is evaluated according to EN ISO 899-2 at the same temperature, utilizing the extrapolation procedure outlined in EN ISO 9967.
— ageing factor (β) shall be ≥ 0,3 It is determined by using the following formula: β = ,aged
E f,aged and E f,i are established through a specific procedure involving the preparation of laminate specimen samples from the plant The exposed edges of these samples are coated with the resin utilized in the plant's manufacturing process, followed by post-curing in air.
Specimen samples must be subjected to a temperature of (50 ± 2) °C for a minimum of 72 hours Additionally, half of the samples should be immersed in water for (1,000 ± 16) hours at (50 ± 1) °C or for (3,000 ± 16) hours at (40 ± 1) °C The flexural modulus (E_{f,aged}) will be measured using method A of EN ISO 14125:1998 at (23 ± 5) °C The remaining half of the samples should be stored at (23 ± 5) °C for the same duration, with the flexural modulus (E_{f,i}) also determined according to method A of EN ISO 14125:1998 at (23 ± 5) °C.
Polypropylene (PP)
The characteristics of the PP-injection moulding used for the plant shall be:
— MFR (230/2,16) = (5,0 ± 3,0 g)/10 min according to EN ISO 1133;
— density ≥ 905 kg/m 3 according to EN ISO 1183;
— yield stress ≥ 30 MPa according to EN ISO 527-2, test temperature (23 ± 2) °C
The characteristics of the PP-extrusion used for the plant shall be:
— MFR (230/2,16) = (0,5 ± 0,1) g/10 min according to EN ISO 1133;
— density ≥ 908 kg/m 3 according to EN ISO 1183;
— yield stress ≥ 30 MPa according to EN ISO 527-2, test temperature (23 ± 2) °C
The characteristics of Injection moulding with foam shall be:
— MFR (230/2,16) = (5,0 ± 3,0) g/10 min according to EN ISO 1133;
— density ≥ 720 kg/m 3 according to EN ISO 1183;
— yield stress ≥ 24 MPa according to EN ISO 527-2, flexural strength ≥ 30 MPa according to EN ISO 178, compressive strength ≥ 450 MPa according to EN ISO 179, test temperature
PDCPD
The characteristics of RIM (Reaction Injection Moulding) moulded PDCPD polydicyclopentadiene used for unit shall be:
— brookfield viscosity of both A and B components before injection: > 210 × 10 −3 Pa.s at (30 ± 1) °C according to EN ISO 2555;
— density: higher than 1 000 kg/m 3 at (23 ± 2) °C;
— tensile properties, determined according to EN ISO 527-2 (traction speed = 50 mm/min):
— stress at yield: higher than 40 MPa;
— elongation at yield: higher than 3 %.
Flexible sheets
The characteristics of flexible sheets used for the small wastewater treatment plant shall be according to Table 1
Table 1 — Characteristics of flexible sheets
(g/m 2 ) Tensile test (kN/m) at elongation
Reaction to fire
General
When a small wastewater treatment plant is subject to national fire safety regulations, its fire reaction performance must be assessed as a component of the plant This performance is classified according to EN 13501-1 into two categories: a) Class A1, which does not require testing if it meets the criteria outlined in section 4.6.2, or b) a class determined by testing the materials used in the plant, as specified in section 4.6.3 of the same standard.
NOTE In most cases Class E is considered to be sufficient as a minimum regulatory requirement for the reaction to fire performance of units used in buried (i.e underground) applications
In cases where a unit is not governed by national fire reaction regulations, it may be classified as either a specific class based on criteria a) or b), or labeled as "No Performance Determined" (NPD).
Plants classified as Class A1 without the need for testing
The reaction to fire performance of a plant shall be declared as Class A1 1) without the need for testing, provided that:
1) See Decision of the Commission 96/603/EC of 1996-10-04 (see OJEU L 267 of 1996-10-19), as twice amended by 2000/605/EC of 2000-09-26 ( see OJEU L 258 of 2000-10-12 ) and by 2003/424/EC of 2003-06-06 ( see OJEU L 144 of 2003- 06-12) a) each of the constituent materials that the tank of the plant is made of, contains not more than 1 % of homogeneously distributed organic material, by mass or volume (whichever is the most onerous), and
Precast reinforced concrete and steel used in small wastewater treatment plants typically contain organic materials at levels below 1% Due to their low combustibility, both materials can be classified as Class A1 for fire performance without the need for testing Additionally, any external coatings applied to the tank's surface are made from inorganic materials, which are also classified as Class A1.
Plants classified according to the test results
To assess the fire performance of a plant, all constituent materials, including any surface coatings, must be classified according to EN 13501-1 Only the lowest classification among these materials will be declared The classification for each material is determined through specific test methods outlined in the standards referenced in EN 13501-1.
The constituent materials of a plant play a crucial role in its fire performance As defined in EN 13501-1, these materials can significantly influence how the unit reacts to fire.
— homogeneous unit: its material; or
A non-homogeneous unit is defined by its substantial component, which refers to a material that forms a significant part of the unit Specifically, a layer qualifies as a substantial component if it has a mass per unit area of at least 1.0 kg/m² or a thickness of 1.0 mm or greater.
The tank's relevance is determined by its construction materials, which may include unplasticized polyvinylchloride (PVC-U), polyethylene (PE), glass reinforced polyester (GRP-UP), polypropylene (PP), and polydicyclopentadiene (PDCPD) Additionally, the container can be made from flexible sheets such as HDPE, PP, PVC, or EPDM, with or without surface coatings.
Test specimens used for the test methods, applicable for this classification, shall be prepared according to EN 13501-1 and to the relevant standards referred therein.
Power consumption
The power consumption of the plant shall be declared by the manufacturer
It shall be measured during the test described in Annex B and shall be expressed as the consumption for the normal operating conditions (nominal sequences of the test) in kWh/d
The declared power consumption must be equal to or greater than the measured value obtained during testing Power consumption assessment requires measurements with an accuracy of ± 5% of the result.
Dangerous substances
National regulations on dangerous substances may require verification and declaration on release, and sometimes content, when construction products covered by this standard are placed on those markets
In the absence of European harmonized test methods, verification and declaration on release/content should be done taking into account national provisions in the place of use
An informative database on European and national regulations regarding dangerous substances is accessible on the Construction website at EUROPA.
5 Testing, assessment and sampling methods
Load bearing capacity
Generals
The load bearing capacity of the small wastewater treatment plant (i.e of the tank of this plant) shall be established:
— either by calculation with the knowledge of basic data for material and loads (see 5.1.2);
— or by test directly on the tank of the plant (see 5.1.3)
In small wastewater treatment plants with watertight extension shafts or those installed in wet locations, it is essential to consider the maximum installed depth and the declared height of the water table Appropriate tests or calculations must be conducted to verify the load-bearing capacity of the plant.
For a plant made of flexible sheets, the pit test (see C.5) only shall be used
For a plant made of PDCPD, the direct test (see 5.1.3) only shall be used.
Load bearing capacity determined by calculation
The calculation shall be made based on an empty tank buried underground
One of the following two methods may apply:
— Method 1: Indirect method usable for all materials by declaring the following parameters:
— Geometrical data of the plant: e.g wall thickness, distance of ribs, shape;
— Properties of the materials and components: All parameters given in chapter durability (see 4.5 and Annex D)
The manufacturer must deliver calculation results based on the applicable method for the installation site, detailing the backfill height and the feasibility of installing the plant in either wet or dry conditions, along with the water table height measured from the plant's base.
— Method 2: Directly declaring the performance using the applicable Eurocode:
— Eurocode 2 (EN 1992-1-1) for concrete (where applicable);
— Eurocode 3 (EN 1993-1-1) for steel (where applicable)
The manufacturer must deliver calculation results in accordance with the relevant Eurocode, detailing the height of backfill and the feasibility of installing the plant on either wet or dry sites, along with the water table height measured from the plant's base.
Calculation of backfill loads shall take account of the effect of ground conditions, backfill materials and tank shape factors A vertical and a horizontal component shall be calculated as follows:
— vertical component: H × 18 (expressed in kN/m 2 ), where 18 (kN/m 3 ) is the specific weight of the soil and H is the height (in meter) of backfill;
— horizontal component: K × D × 18 (expressed in kN/m 2 ), where D (in meter) is the distance from the ground level to the point where the load applies:
— Following K coefficient applies depending on the backfill type:
A vertical and a horizontal component shall be calculated as follows:
The vertical component is calculated as \$H_W \times 10\$, measured in kN/m², where \$10\text{ kN/m}^3\$ represents the force due to the specific weight of water, and \$H_W\$ indicates the declared water table level in meters from the base of the plant.
— horizontal component: D × 10 (expressed in kN/m 2 ) where D is the distance (in meter) from the ground level to the point where the load applies
In areas with a high groundwater table, where the groundwater level exceeds the bottom of the tank, the manufacturer's instructions must specify the stability conditions concerning water pressure In such situations, the soil's specific load of 10 kN/m³ should be included in the total water load calculations.
When calculating pedestrian loads, a value of 2.5 kN/m² should be used only when the height of the backfill (H) is 1 meter or less For backfill heights exceeding 1 meter, pedestrian loads can be disregarded in calculations, as they are considered negligible compared to other loads.
Load bearing capacity determined by testing
The load bearing capacity of the small wastewater treatment plant shall be established by testing according to Annex C
The test results shall ensure that the load bearing capacity under the declared height of backfill is ensured
The unit must be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's specifications, considering the maximum declared height of backfill and the option to set up the plant in either wet or dry conditions.
— C.2.1 and C.2.2 (crushing resistance test), the height of backfill shall be the minimum of H 1 or H 2 calculated according to Table 2
— C.4 (vacuum test), the height of backfill shall be the minimum of H 1 or H 2 calculated according to Table 3
Table 2 — Formulae for height of backfill calculation after crushing resistance test
F is the crushing load (kN);
S 1 is the horizontal surface of the plant (m 2 );
H W is the height of the groundwater table measured from the bottom of the plant (m);
H 1 is the height of backfill (m)
F is the crushing load (kN);
S 2 is the lateral surface of the plant (m 2 );
H W is the height of the groundwater table measured from the bottom of the plant (m);
H p is the height from the bottom to the top of the plant (m) (extension shaft excluded);
H 2 is the height of backfill (m)
Table 3 — Formulae for height of backfill calculation after vacuum test
P is the underpressure (kPa); f is the coefficient (see C.5);
S 1 is the horizontal surface of the plant (m 2 );
H W is the height of the groundwater table measured from the bottom of the plant (m);
H 1 is the height of backfill (m)
P is the underpressure (kPa); f is the coefficient (see C.5);
S 2 is the lateral surface of the plant (m 2 );
H W is the height of the groundwater table measured from the bottom of the plant (m);
H p is the total height of the plant (m);
H 2 is the height of backfill (m).
Treatment efficiency
The treatment plant shall be tested according to Annex B
Each efficiency ratio is calculated using the following formula: i o i
R is the efficiency ratio for a given parameter (COD, BOD, SS…);
P i is the value of the given parameter at the inlet;
P o is the value of the same given parameter at the outlet.
Watertightness
For the declaration of watertightness, the treatment plant shall be tested according to the methods described in Annex A
6 Assessment and verification of constancy of performance – AVCP
The compliance of the small wastewater treatment plant with the requirements of this standard and with the performances declared by the manufacturer in the DoP shall be demonstrated by:
— determination of the product type;
— factory production control by the manufacturer, including product assessment
The manufacturer shall always retain the overall control and shall have the necessary means to take responsibility for the conformity of the product with its declared performance(s).
Type testing
General
All performance characteristics outlined in this standard must be assessed when the manufacturer chooses to declare them, unless the standard allows for declaration without testing, such as through the use of existing data, CWFT, or conventionally accepted performance metrics.
Previous assessments conducted in line with this standard may be considered if they utilized the same or a more stringent testing method, followed the same AVCP system, and pertained to the same product or products with similar design, construction, and functionality, ensuring that the results are relevant to the product in question.
NOTE 1 Same AVCP system means testing by an independent third party, and for reaction to fire under the responsibility of a notified product certification body (only for products covered by system 1+ and 1)
For assessment purposes, products from the same manufacturer can be categorized into families It is assumed that the results for specific characteristics of one product in a family are indicative of those same characteristics across all products within that family.
NOTE 2 Products may be grouped in different families for different characteristics
Reference to the assessment method standards should be made to allow the selection of a suitable representative sample
In addition, the determination of the product type shall be performed for all characteristics included in the standard for which the manufacturer declares the performance:
— at the beginning of the production of a new or modified small wastewater treatment plant (unless a member of the same product family); or
— at the beginning of a new or modified method of production (where this may affect the declared properties);
Changes in the design of small wastewater treatment plants, raw materials, component suppliers, or production methods must be documented and repeated for the relevant characteristics, especially if these changes significantly impact one or more of the characteristics defined within a product family.
When components are utilized with predefined characteristics established by the manufacturer through assessments of other product standards, there is no need for re-evaluation of these characteristics It is essential to document the specifications of these components.
Products with regulatory markings that comply with relevant harmonized European specifications are assumed to meet the performance claims stated in the Declaration of Performance (DoP) However, this assumption does not absolve small wastewater treatment plant manufacturers from their responsibility to ensure that the entire plant is properly manufactured and that all component products meet the declared performance values.
Test samples, testing and compliance criteria
The number of samples of small wastewater treatment plant to be tested/assessed shall be in accordance with Table 4
Table 4 — Number of samples to be tested and compliance criteria
Characteristic Requireme nt Assessment method Number of tests/ samples Compliance criteria
Overall dimensions 4.1.5 According to 4.1.5 Each unit in the product family Characteristic overall dimensions
Inlets, outlets, internal pipework, and connections are essential components of each unit in the product family, as outlined in section 4.1.2 Access to these units is also defined by their characteristic dimensions, detailed in section 4.1.3 Furthermore, treatment efficiency is addressed in section 4.3 and Annex B, highlighting the performance of one unit within the product family.
Declared values: efficiency ratios for required parameters and desludging frequency during the test
Watertightness 4.4 According to 4.4 and Annex A Each unit in the product family “Pass” or “Fail”
Load bearing capacity, calculated 4.2 and 5.1.2 According to 5.1.2 and Annex D One unit of the product family b
Declared values: max height of backfill (in m) and Wet with the indication of the maximum height of the water table measured from the base of the plant or Dry
Load bearing capacity, tested 4.2 and 5.1.3 According to 5.1.3 and Annex C One unit of the product family b
The declared values for backfill include the maximum height (in meters) and the water table level, specified as either Wet, indicating the maximum height from the base of the plant, or Dry Additionally, the power consumption for one unit of the product family is stated as 4.7 kWh/d under nominal operating conditions.
Durability c for units made of:
4.5.2 to 4.5.6 Each material(s) “Pass” or “Fail” according to material used and test method applied
4.6.2 - Each material(s) Declared class A1 (CWT) 4.6.1 and
4.6.3 According to 4.6.3 Declared class: the lowest class according to EN 13501–
The selection of materials for testing dangerous substances must adhere to specific scaling rules For treatment efficiency, the smallest unit is typically deemed the worst case, while for load-bearing capacity, the largest unit is generally considered These assumptions, however, require verification according to the established scaling rules Additionally, testing methods for the materials and their components, such as corrosion protective coatings, should reflect the state of the art Notably, materials with proven adequate durability do not require further durability testing.
Test reports
Test reports documenting the determination of the product type must be retained by the manufacturer for at least 10 years following the last production date of the associated small wastewater treatment plant.
Shared other party results
A manufacturer can leverage product type determination results obtained from another source, such as another manufacturer or a product developer, to support their own performance declaration for a product that shares the same design, dimensions, raw materials, constituents, and manufacturing methods, as long as certain conditions are met.
— the results are known to be valid for products with the same essential characteristics relevant for the product performance;
To ensure the product meets specific essential characteristics, the party responsible for determining the product type must provide the manufacturer with the test results and report This includes information about production facilities and the production control process, which are crucial for the Factory Production Control (FPC).
— the manufacturer using other party results accepts to remain responsible for the product having the declared performances and he also:
The product must maintain identical performance characteristics to the one evaluated for product type determination, ensuring no significant differences in production facilities or the production control process compared to the original product.
A copy of the product type determination report must be maintained, which includes essential information for verifying that the product is manufactured in accordance with the same design, using identical raw materials, components, and manufacturing methods.
Cascading determination of the product type results
Certain construction products are provided by companies known as "system houses," which supply some or all components to an assembler The assembler then manufactures the finished product in their factory based on an agreement.
Provided that the activities for which such a system house is legally established include manufacturing/assembling of products as the assembled one, the system house may take the
2) The formulation of such an agreement can be done by licence, contract, or any other type of written consent
3) This can be, for instance, a contract, license or whatever kind of written agreement, which should also contain clear responsibility for the determination of the product type regarding one or several essential characteristics of an end product which is subsequently manufactured and/or assembled by other firms in their own factory
The system house must provide an "assembled product" made from its own or externally sourced components for product type determination, and subsequently share the product type report with the assemblers, who are the actual manufacturers responsible for the product in the market.
In addressing this situation, the cascading determination of product type should be included in the technical specifications, particularly for characteristics that involve the intervention of a notified product certification body or a notified test laboratory.
The product type report obtained by the system house from a notified body can be utilized for regulatory marking by assemblers without needing to re-engage a notified body for the determination of essential characteristics that have already been tested, as long as certain conditions are met.
The assembler produces a product using the same combination of components and assembly methods as specified in the product type report obtained by the system house If the report is based on a component combination that does not accurately represent the final market-ready product, or if the assembly deviates from the system house's instructions, the assembler must submit the finished product for a new product type determination.
— the system house has notified to the manufacturer the instructions for manufacturing/assembling the product and installation guidance;
The manufacturer is responsible for ensuring the product is assembled correctly, following the provided manufacturing and assembly instructions, as well as the installation guidance communicated by the system house.
The manufacturing and assembly instructions, along with installation guidance provided by the system house, are essential components of the assembler's Factory Production Control system and play a crucial role in the formulation of the product type report.
The assembler must maintain documented evidence that the combination of components and manufacturing methods used align with the product type report obtained by the system house It is essential for the assembler to keep a copy of this report for reference.
The assembler is responsible for ensuring that the product meets the declared performance standards, encompassing both its design and manufacture This responsibility persists even if the assembler refers to the system house's liability as outlined in their agreement, particularly when the regulatory marking is affixed to the product.
Factory production control
General
The manufacturer shall establish, document and maintain an FPC system to ensure that the products placed on the market comply with the declared performance of the essential characteristics
The FPC system will include procedures, routine inspections, and assessments to effectively manage and control raw materials, components, equipment, the production process, and the final product.
All the elements, requirements and provisions adopted by the manufacturer shall be documented in a systematic manner in the form of written policies and procedures
This factory production control system documentation aims to establish a shared understanding of performance evaluation, ensuring that the required product standards are met It facilitates the effective operation of the production control system, allowing for the verification of product performance Consequently, factory production control integrates operational techniques and measures necessary for maintaining and ensuring compliance with the declared essential characteristics of the product.
Where the manufacturer has used shared or cascading product type results, the FPC shall also include the appropriate documentation as outlined in 6.2.4 and 6.2.5.
Requirements
The manufacturer must ensure the effective implementation of the FPC system according to the product standard It is essential to document the tasks and responsibilities within the production control organization and maintain this documentation regularly.
The roles and responsibilities of personnel involved in managing, executing, or verifying work that impacts product consistency must be clearly defined This is especially crucial for those tasked with initiating preventive measures against product inconsistencies, addressing issues when they arise, and identifying and documenting problems related to product consistency.
Personnel involved in tasks that impact product performance must possess the necessary competence, which is determined by their education, training, skills, and experience It is essential to maintain records of these qualifications.
In each factory the manufacturer may delegate the action to a person having the necessary authority to:
— identify procedures to demonstrate constancy of performance of the product at appropriate stages;
— identify and record any instance of non-constancy;
— identify procedures to correct instances of non-constancy
The manufacturer must create and maintain up-to-date documentation for factory production control (FPC) that aligns with the product and manufacturing process The FPC system should instill confidence in the product's consistent performance by preparing documented procedures and instructions that meet technical specifications, effectively implementing these procedures, recording operations and their outcomes, and utilizing the results to address deviations, rectify non-conformities, and, if needed, revise the FPC to eliminate root causes.
In subcontracting scenarios, the manufacturer must maintain overall control of the product and ensure access to all necessary information to meet responsibilities outlined in this European Standard.
When a manufacturer outsources any aspect of a product's design, manufacturing, assembly, packaging, processing, or labeling to a subcontractor, the subcontractor's Factory Production Control (FPC) may be considered relevant for the specific product.
The manufacturer who subcontracts all of his activities may in no circumstances pass the above responsibilities on to a subcontractor
Manufacturers with a Factory Production Control (FPC) system that meets the EN ISO 9001 standard and adheres to the current European standard are deemed to fulfill the FPC requirements outlined in Regulation (EU) No 305/2011.
All weighing, measuring and testing equipment shall be calibrated and regularly inspected according to documented procedures, frequencies and criteria
Regular inspection and maintenance of all manufacturing equipment are essential to prevent inconsistencies in the production process due to use, wear, or failure These inspections and maintenance activities must follow the manufacturer's written procedures, with records retained for the duration specified in the manufacturer's FPC procedures.
All incoming raw materials and components must have documented specifications, along with an inspection scheme to ensure compliance When using supplied kit components, their performance consistency must align with the relevant harmonized technical specifications.
Each individual small wastewater treatment plant must be identifiable and traceable to its production origin Manufacturers are required to implement written procedures that ensure regular inspections of the processes involved in affixing traceability codes and markings.
The manufacturer shall plan and carry out production under controlled conditions
The manufacturer shall establish procedures to ensure that the stated values of the characteristics he declares are maintained The characteristics, and the means of control, are:
Table 5 — Minimum frequency of FPC testing for the small wastewater treatment plant
Name of characteristic Test method or verification Minimum frequency of test
Overall dimensions According to 4.1.2 1/100 units or minimum
1/week Inlets, outlets and connections According to 4.1.3 1/100 units or minimum
Access According to 4.1.4 1/100 units or minimum
1/week Treatment efficiency Check list of raw material and components Every delivery of raw material and components
Watertightness According to Annex A 1/200 units or minimum
To ensure optimal load-bearing capacity and power consumption, it is essential to conduct a thorough checklist for raw materials and components with every delivery.
When assessing the durability of raw materials and components, it is essential to conduct a thorough checklist for every delivery Additionally, a reaction to fire checklist must be implemented to ensure safety standards are met It is also crucial to evaluate the release of dangerous substances in all raw materials and components Please note that the terms "week" and "month" refer to the production week and production month, respectively.
The manufacturer must establish documented procedures for handling non-compliant products, ensuring that all incidents are recorded as they happen These records should be maintained for the duration specified in the manufacturer's written guidelines.
If a product does not meet the acceptance criteria, the regulations for non-compliant products will be enforced Immediate corrective actions will be implemented, and any non-compliant products or batches will be isolated and clearly identified.
Once the fault has been corrected, the test or verification in question shall be repeated
All control and test results must be accurately documented, including the product description, manufacturing date, adopted test method, test results, and acceptance criteria, all signed by the responsible individual.
Product specific requirements
The FPC system shall address this European Standard and ensure that the products placed on the market comply with the declaration of performance
The FPC system will incorporate a product-specific FPC that outlines the necessary procedures to ensure product compliance at various stages This includes controls and tests to be conducted before and during manufacturing, as specified in the FPC test plan, as well as verifications and tests on finished products, also following the frequency established in the FPC test plan.
When a manufacturer relies solely on finished products, the processes outlined in section b) will ensure that the product achieves a compliance level equivalent to that of a product subjected to Factory Production Control (FPC) during its manufacturing.
When a manufacturer conducts certain production processes in-house, it can lead to a reduction in operations categorized under b), which may be partially substituted with those under a) Typically, the greater the extent of production handled by the manufacturer, the more operations under b) can be replaced by those under a).
In any case the operation shall lead to an equivalent level of compliance of the product as if FPC had been carried out during the production
NOTE Depending on the specific case, it can be necessary to carry out the operations referred to under a) and b), only the operations under a) or only those under b)
The operations mentioned in section a) pertain to the intermediate states of products during manufacturing, including adjustments to machines and measuring equipment The selection of controls and tests, along with their frequency, should be determined by factors such as the product type and composition, the complexity of the manufacturing process, and the sensitivity of product features to variations in manufacturing parameters.
The manufacturer must create and keep records that demonstrate the sampling and testing of production These records should clearly indicate if the production meets the specified acceptance criteria and must be retained for a minimum of three years.
Initial inspection of factory and of FPC
For fire reaction assessments under systems 1+, 1, and 2+, an initial inspection of the factory and the Factory Production Control (FPC) must be conducted once the production process is finalized and operational It is essential to evaluate the factory and FPC documentation to ensure compliance with the requirements outlined in sections 6.3.2 and 6.3.3.
During the inspection, it is essential to confirm that all necessary resources for achieving the product characteristics outlined in the European standard are properly implemented Additionally, it must be ensured that the FPC procedures align with the FPC documentation and are effectively followed Lastly, the product must be verified to comply with the type samples, ensuring that its performance meets the Declaration of Performance (DoP) requirements.
All sites conducting final assembly or testing of the product must be evaluated to ensure compliance with specified conditions If the FPC system encompasses multiple products, production lines, or processes, and the general requirements are confirmed for one, there is no need to reassess these requirements for others within the same system.
All assessments and their results shall be documented in the initial inspection report.
Continuous surveillance of FPC
For fire reaction systems 1+, 1, and 2+, the Fire Protection Certificate (FPC) must undergo surveillance every five years This surveillance involves reviewing the FPC test plans and production processes for each product to identify any changes since the last assessment The importance of these changes will also be evaluated.
Checks shall be made to ensure that the test plans are still correctly implemented and that the production equipment is still correctly maintained and calibrated at appropriate time intervals
Records of tests and measurements conducted during production and on finished products must be reviewed to confirm that the obtained values align with those of the samples used for product type determination, ensuring appropriate actions are taken for any non-compliant products.
Procedure for modifications
Any changes to the product, production process, or FPC system that may impact the declared product characteristics must lead to a reassessment of all affected performance characteristics This reassessment should follow the product type determination process outlined in section 6.2.1.
Where relevant, a re-assessment of the factory and of the FPC system shall be performed for those aspects, which may be affected by the modification
All assessments and their results shall be documented in a report.
One-off products, pre-production products (e.g prototypes) and products produced
The small wastewater treatment plant, designed as a prototype, will undergo evaluation prior to full-scale production, with products limited to a maximum of one unit per year.
For type assessment, the provisions of 6.2.1, 3rd paragraph apply, together with the following additional provisions:
— in case of prototypes, the test samples shall be representative of the intended future production and shall be selected by the manufacturer;
— on request of the manufacturer, the results of the assessment of prototype samples may be included in a certificate or in test reports issued by the involved third party
The FPC system for one-off products and those produced in minimal quantities must guarantee adequate raw materials and components for production Relevant provisions regarding these materials will be enforced as necessary Additionally, manufacturers are required to keep records that ensure product traceability.
For prototypes intended for series production, it is essential to conduct an initial inspection of the factory and the FPC prior to the commencement of production and the implementation of the FPC This assessment will evaluate key factors to ensure readiness for mass manufacturing.
During the initial assessment of the factory and Factory Production Control (FPC), it is essential to verify that all necessary resources for achieving the product characteristics outlined in the European standard are available Additionally, it must be confirmed that the FPC procedures, as per the FPC documentation, are effectively implemented and adhered to in practice Furthermore, procedures should be established to demonstrate that the factory's production processes can consistently produce a product that meets the requirements of the European standard, ensuring that the final product is identical to the samples used for verifying compliance with this standard.
Once series production is fully established, the provisions of 6.3 shall apply
7 Classification and designation (Nominal designation)
For the application of this standard, a population equivalent relates to design value of 60 gBOD5/d and 150 l/d of wastewater
The nominal designation of the plant is expressed as an integer based on the hydraulic flow giving the maximum number of population equivalent appropriate to the plant
Marking
Manufacturers must supply essential information for each product, including the manufacturer's and product's identification, the European Standard number EN 12566-3, the nominal designation, conditions of use, date of manufacture, laboratory name, test report number (if applicable), and electrical supply requirements (if necessary).
Where regulatory marking provisions require information on some or all items listed in this clause, the provisions of this clause concerning those common items are deemed to be met.
Installation instructions
The manufacturer will provide installation instructions in the local language for each plant, detailing comprehensive installation data and operating conditions, including pipe and electrical connections, as well as commissioning and start-up procedures These instructions will address all installation conditions, considering limitations due to ambient temperature, and will specify the maximum backfill height, the bottom depth of the plant (Hp), and the maximum acceptable pedestrian load, along with any necessary guidelines to prevent floatation.
This European Standard specifies that the products are not designed to withstand vehicle loads If these products are to be utilized in locations where vehicle loads may occur, it is essential to implement measures that prevent direct transfer of the vehicle load to the plant.
The installation instructions shall contain details of sitting, requiring that the plant when installed has ready access for maintenance, particularly desludging equipment
The manufacturer shall describe any ventilation requirements where applicable.
Operation and maintenance instructions
The manufacturer must supply clear and detailed operation and maintenance instructions for each plant, written in the official language of the country where the plant will be installed.
The manufacturer shall write clear instructions of safety so the operator shall pay attention that nobody falls in the plant during the maintenance
Selection of test
One of the watertightness tests in Table A.1 shall be carried out on a complete plant whether factory manufactured or assembled from prefabricated components
For ITT, the water test is the reference test
Concrete GRP, PE, PP, PVC-U, PDCPD, Steel and EPDM
Water test
Sample
The test is carried out on the plant.
Procedure
The plant shall be placed and secured in place so as to enable inspection of the base of the plant
The plant, whether equipped with an extension shaft or not, must be filled with clean water to the specified water tightness height, which should be at least equal to the top of the plant, following the sealing of all connections.
To ensure optimal conditions for use and account for material saturation, concrete plants must be filled with water for a minimum of 24 hours Following this saturation period, it may be necessary to refill the plant before testing begins The volume of water needed for refilling after a 30-minute test period should then be measured.
For plants made from other material, no saturation period is necessary before the test starts After 30 min, plants shall be inspected for leaks and the observation shall be recorded
Expression of results
At the conclusion of the testing phase for concrete plants, the volume of clean water needed to elevate the water level to the top of the plant will be quantified in liters This additional water requirement will be reported in liters per square meter of the internal wet surface area of the external walls.
For plants made of other material, any water leakage shall be recorded.
Air permeability vacuum test
Sample
The test shall be carried out on an empty plant (with or without extension shaft).
Procedure
The plant shall be placed on a level surface and laterally supported One of the three pressures given in Table A.2 shall be selected for the test
The selected vacuum pressure shall be gradually imposed on the plant and held for 3 min to allow the plant to absorb the deformation
After this, the variation of the pressure in the plant shall be measured during the related test period defined in Table A.2
Pneumatic pressure test
Sample
The test shall be carried out on an empty plant (with or without extension shaft).
Procedure
The test will be conducted using one of two methods: a) the plant is positioned on a level surface with lateral support, and a selected pneumatic pressure from Table A.3 is gradually applied and maintained for 3 minutes to allow for deformation absorption, followed by measuring the pressure variation during the specified test period; b) the plant is similarly placed and supported, subjected to an initial pneumatic pressure of 30 kPa (0.3 bar) for a minimum of 3 minutes, after which the pressure variation is recorded.
Expression of results
The value of the variation of the pressure shall be expressed in kPa
Responsibility and testing location
The plant shall be tested by a laboratory
The test shall be performed either in the test house of the laboratory or on a user site under the control of the laboratory
The manufacturer chooses the test location, subject to the laboratory's agreement The laboratory is responsible for ensuring that the test conditions at the site meet specific requirements.
Plant selection and preliminary evaluation
General
Before testing commences, the manufacturer must supply the laboratory with comprehensive plant and process design specifications, which include detailed drawings and supporting calculations Additionally, complete information regarding the installation, operation, and maintenance requirements of the plant is essential.
The manufacturer shall provide the laboratory with information detailing the mechanical, electrical and structural safety of the plant installation to be tested.
Installation and commissioning
The plant shall be installed in a way that is representative of the normal conditions of use
Monitoring and recording test conditions, such as environmental and wastewater temperatures, must align with the manufacturer's manual and be agreed upon by the laboratory The installation and commissioning of the plant should strictly follow the manufacturer's instructions, with all components installed and commissioned by the manufacturer before testing begins.
Operation and maintenance procedures during testing
The plant must be operated and maintained strictly according to the manufacturer's instructions, with routine maintenance and sludge removal occurring only as specified All maintenance activities should be documented by the laboratory During the testing phase, unauthorized access to the test site is prohibited, and any authorized access must be supervised by the laboratory.
Data to be monitored
All plants undergoing testing must monitor key parameters for both influent and effluent, including total chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) After a specified period, the BOD of the influent can be derived from the COD value Additionally, it is essential to track suspended solids (SS), liquid phase temperature, total power consumption of the product (if applicable), and daily hydraulic flow.
The following parameters may also be measured if required: f) pH; g) conductivity; h) nitrogen parameters; i) total phosphorus; j) hourly hydraulic flow; k) dissolved oxygen concentration; l) sludge production; m) ambient air temperature.
Test procedure
Time for establishment
The manufacturer shall indicate to the laboratory the X-value defined in Table B.2.
Influent characteristics
Domestic wastewater can be utilized, but grinding equipment must not be employed on the raw wastewater supply Coarse screening and grit removal are permissible before use, provided the influent meets specific quality criteria: a) BOD5 or BOD7 (ATU) levels between 150 mg O2/l and 500 mg O2/l, or COD levels from 300 mg O2/l to 1,000 mg O2/l; b) suspended solids (SS) ranging from 200 mg/l to 700 mg/l; c) potassium nitrate (KN) levels between 25 mg/l and 100 mg/l, or ammonium nitrogen (NH4 - N) levels from 22 mg/l to 80 mg/l; d) total phosphorus concentrations between 5 mg/l and 20 mg/l.
4) TOC is an acceptable alternative method for COD
5) BOD may be expressed in BOD 5 or BOD 7.
Daily flow pattern for testing
The daily flow used for testing purposes shall be measured by the laboratory The daily flow pattern shall comply with Table B.1 with a tolerance of ± 5 %
Period Percentage of daily volume h %
Where influent is introduced, it shall be done regularly throughout the entire period.
Test procedure
Routine monitoring shall take place throughout the period of the test procedure The test schedules listed in Table B.2 shall apply
Measurements shall be regularly made during each sequence avoiding the day when stress takes place The full test shall be carried out during a period of (38 + X) weeks
After desludging, a period of 1 d shall be allowed for recovery before the programme of tests and sampling is continued
Sequence Characteristic Time elapsed weeks
4 Sequence name: NOMINAL – POWER BREAKDOWN b
5 Sequence name: LOW OCCUPATION STRESS
Hydraulic daily flow: nominal and overload (see Table B.3)
8 Sequence name: NOMINAL – POWER BREAKDOWN b
The manufacturer specifies that the time required to achieve normal operating performance is denoted as X Two weeks into the sequence, a 24-hour power breakdown is scheduled Additionally, an overload test lasting 48 hours is conducted at the start of the sequence.
The laboratory shall adjust the hydraulic daily flow in order to establish the extra load during 48 h, as shown in Table B.3, at the start of the 2 weeks overloading phase
Peak flow discharge will be conducted weekly during the NOMINAL sequences as specified in Table B.4 It is important to note that this discharge will not occur on days designated for power breakdown.
A peak flow discharge involves releasing a volume of 200 liters of test influent, in addition to the daily flow, over a duration of 3 minutes at the start of the period, with a flow rate equal to the specified parameters.
Table B.4 — Number of peak flow discharge
Number of peak flow discharge
A power breakdown test will simulate a loss of electric power or mechanical failure for 24 hours on the plant equipment, while ensuring that the influent input is maintained according to the daily flow pattern.
This test shall not be done during the day used for peak flow
When there is optional electrical discharge equipment, the test shall be done with this equipment.
Influent and effluent samplings
The laboratory shall collect and analyse influent samples to determine compliance with the influent characteristics (see B.3.2) Effluent sample shall be analysed to determine efficiency ratio
Inlet and outlet samples shall be flow-based composites over 24 h taken according to Table B.1 Samples shall be taken regularly.
Sample analysis
The determinants outlined in B.2.4 must be evaluated following the applicable ISO, EN ISO, or EN standards, and the report should include references to the testing analysis (refer to Annex E).
Concentrations shall be determined for each load and each parameter
The average of the 20 efficiency ratios from the NOMINAL sequences, both with and without power breakdown, will be calculated for each parameter Additionally, the organic daily load tested will be determined as the mean of the 20 organic daily loads recorded during the NOMINAL sequences.
The individual values for UNDERLOADING sequences (4 efficiency ratios), OVERLOADING sequence
(2 efficiency ratios) shall be stated in the report.
Test report
The report must include essential information such as the tested plant's details, including its nominal organic daily load and hydraulic daily flow It should confirm the plant's conformity with pre-testing information and present data from the testing phase, particularly the mean efficiency ratios for nominal loading and individual ratios for non-nominal loading Additionally, it must document all maintenance and repairs conducted during the test, including desludging frequency and volume removed, as well as the electrical energy consumed Any physical or environmental issues encountered during testing should be noted, along with deviations from the manufacturer's maintenance instructions and any physical deterioration observed, such as clogging behavior Finally, the report should address any deviations from the test procedure and the scaling rules used by the manufacturer to evaluate treatment efficiency and structural behavior across the product range.
Test methods for structural behaviour
General
This annex gives the way to test the structural behaviour of plants which are installed buried in the ground
To determine the structural behaviour of a plant, one or more methods described below and mentioned in Table C.1 shall be used
For ITT, the test described in C.5 is the reference test
Table C.1 — Test methods for the determination of the structural behaviour
Conditio n Concrete GRP PE, PP and
Crushing test for concrete plant
Crushing test methods
Table C.2 indicates the crushing test method to be performed according to the shape of the plant being tested
Rectangular or trapezoidal shape Vertical cylinder shape Horizontal cylinder shape
NOTE Letters A, B and C correspond to the test method.
Crushing test procedures
The test shall be carried out on an empty plant equipped with its cover(s) without any extension and/or maintenance shaft
The plant must be installed on a leveled sand bed with a granulometry of 0 to 5 mm, a water content of approximately 7%, and a thickness of (6 ± 1) cm.
To ensure proper support, a sand bed will be placed on the upper section to account for the thickness of the cover(s) and the inner geometry of the plant A loading plate will be utilized to evenly distribute stress across the upper part of the plant, as illustrated in Figure C.1 The stress must be applied uniformly, with a maximum loading duration of at least 5 minutes, and a tolerance of ± 3% on the load The application of stress will continue until failure occurs.
Figure C.1 — Scheme of the principle of type A test
The load F corresponding to failure shall be noted and expressed in kN and converted to height of backfill and groundwater level in accordance with 5.1.3
The test shall be carried out on an empty plant without its cover(s) and any extension and/or maintenance shaft
The plant shall be placed so that the upper surface (which would support the cover(s)) is in a vertical position
The plant shall be placed on a sand bed as defined in C.2.2.1.2
The load must be evenly distributed across the plant using either a loading plate or a sand bed that meets the specifications outlined in C.2.2.1.2 It is essential to level the sand bed to accommodate the geometry of the plant's sides, as illustrated in Figure C.2.
The load must be applied uniformly, with a minimum loading duration of 5 minutes A tolerance of ± 3% is permitted on the load, which should be increased until failure occurs.
Figure C.2 — Scheme of the principle of the type B test
The load F corresponding to failure shall be noted and expressed in kN
The test shall be carried out on an empty plant without its cover(s) and any extension and/or maintenance shaft
The plant must be fully supported on a "V" shaped structure that forms a 150° angle, and it should be covered with a rubber strip measuring 50 mm in width and 10 mm to 20 mm in thickness, with an average hardness of at least 45 IRHD (refer to Figure C.3 for the principle scheme).
The load must be applied uniformly, with a maximum loading duration of at least 5 minutes A tolerance of ± 3% is permitted on the load, which should be increased until failure occurs.
1 rubber strip (10 mm to 20 mm thick)
Figure C.3 — Scheme of the principle of the type C test
The load F corresponding to failure shall be noted and expressed in kN.