3.1 air inlet device connected to outside air to allow the inlet of air from outside the building 3.2 attended control room room with people, who have the duty to control the smoke e
General
Fire resistance
The smoke control damper shall demonstrate the following and shall be classified in accordance with
The EN 13501-4 standard outlines several critical testing requirements for fire safety materials It specifies that integrity must be assessed according to test method 5.2, with the corresponding integrity classification (E) declared Insulation performance is also evaluated using the same method, leading to an insulation classification (I) Additionally, leakage is tested under the same protocol, resulting in a leakage classification (S) Mechanical stability and maintenance of cross-section are integral to the integrity classification (E) and are tested as per method 5.2 Finally, materials must undergo testing for high operational temperatures, with the classification (HOT400/30) declared.
General application
Where the manufacturer intends to provide information regarding aerodynamic characteristics, this shall be done according to EN 1751 – see 5.5.
Construction and components: characteristics
Construction and operation
Smoke control dampers must have two safety positions: fully open and fully closed In a single fire compartment, the default safety position is typically open, unless specific smoke reservoirs are identified along the duct For multi-compartment fire-resisting smoke control dampers, the safety position can be either open or closed, depending on the smoke and heat source and the extraction path.
The goal is to ensure a consistent extraction path in the ductwork by keeping dampers open, while also preserving fire compartmentation by keeping dampers closed Depending on the location of the fire source, each smoke control damper must effectively fulfill both roles.
Where a smoke control damper is required to maintain fire compartmentation, it shall be fire resisting (i.e a multi compartment fire resisting smoke control damper).
Smoke control dampers that are designed to function automatically on smoke detection shall travel to, or remain in, the correct position to exhaust smoke from the fire compartment
Smoke control dampers that are initiated manually by switches, or actuated automatically at higher temperatures, shall be capable of operating at the appropriate higher temperatures
Smoke control dampers must be constructed without any mechanisms that can alter their position once they have reached the safety position They should only change position in response to direct commands from a triggering device.
NOTE It is assumed that, as specified, power should be maintained throughout a building where a smoke control damper referred to in this standard is installed
Consequently, smoke control damper assemblies shall have no thermal devices to cause uncontrolled operation and no automatic return mechanisms that can, for instance, operate on loss of power
The smoke control damper construction shall contain a method for the remote signalling of both, open and closed positions
The smoke control damper shall move from one end position to the other within 60 s of the receipt of a signal
Actuators must be designed and built to ensure adequate strength and rigidity for their intended operations, preventing any loosening, displacement of components, or significant defects during testing as specified in EN 1366-10.
Actuator design must ensure that no mechanism can alter the damper's position after it has reached the safety position, meaning it should only change when directly instructed by a triggering device.
NOTE It is assumed that, as specified, power shall be maintained throughout a building where a smoke control damper referred to in this standard is installed.
Consequently actuators shall have no thermal devices to cause uncontrolled operation and no automatic return mechanisms that can, for instance, operate on loss of power
The actuator shall be designed to operate the damper within the time period described in 4.2.1.4
Any interface control unit responsible for managing actuator movement must be tested and function under the same time and temperature criteria as the actuator it controls Additionally, the interfacing unit should be designed for compatibility with control panels as specified in prEN 12101-9 and power supplies.
Units in heating and ventilating systems, as well as smoke and heat ventilation systems, can be either open or closed They operate solely based on external inputs for their opening and closing functions.
Smoke control dampers must operate effectively by moving to and maintaining either their closed or open position within a specified time frame upon activation They should have well-defined leakage characteristics and, in multi-compartment systems, be fire-resistant to ensure compartmentation when closed Additionally, these dampers must retain their free area when fully open, even at elevated or standard fire temperatures.
The response delay of smoke control dampers is designed to initiate closure or opening within a timeframe of 30 seconds to 25 minutes, as specified by the test method in section 5.2 Subsequently, the unit is required to fully open or close within 60 seconds, following the same test method guidelines.
Protection against corrosion
To showcase the improved salt spray corrosion resistance of a smoke control damper, manufacturers must conduct the test outlined in Annex B and report the results as pass or fail Alternatively, they can demonstrate this performance by utilizing recognized corrosion-resistant products, components, and treatments, which must also be disclosed.
NOTE Except for products used in a corrosive/contaminated environment, there are no corrosion resistance requirements on products for other uses.
Fire resistance performance criteria: Single compartment smoke control dampers
Integrity, leakage, HOT400/30
The integrity assessment (E) of a single compartment smoke control damper, a key fire resistance performance characteristic, is determined by evaluating leakage through the damper at ambient conditions and after being closed for 5 minutes (for automatic operation) or 30 minutes (for manual intervention) following the initiation of the elevated temperature test Additionally, it is essential to assess the damper's capability to maintain its opening during the elevated temperature test.
600°C), c) the suitability for use of the damper at an under pressure, measured at ambient
EN 1366-10 outlines the smoke leakage performance requirements necessary for achieving the (S) classification of dampers This classification is applicable when the damper is designed for applications where smoke leakage performance is critical The performance must be evaluated for both the largest and smallest damper sizes at ambient conditions, as well as the largest size measured continuously after 5 minutes for automatic operation or 30 minutes for systems requiring manual intervention following the initiation of the fire test.
The HOT 400/30 performance requirement, which mandates operation at 400 °C for 30 minutes, is outlined in EN 1366-10 This standard must be adhered to when the damper is designed for applications that necessitate such performance.
Durability
The test outlined in section 5.2.4 confirms the reliability of response delay, showing that the single compartment smoke control damper closes within the specified timeframe.
The number of cycles indicates the intended application of the single compartment smoke control damper, whether in smoke control-only systems, combined smoke control and environmental systems, or for modulating use in such combined systems.
A cycle refers to the movement of a damper from the open position to the closed position and back to open, or for modulating dampers, from the upper position to the lower position and back to the upper position The single compartment smoke control damper successfully passes the open and closing cycle test when it meets specific performance criteria.
the cycles required are fully completed with the average time of each cycle less than 120 s;
the average time of the last cycle is less than 120 s
For smoke exhaust systems, it is essential that the control system regulates modulating actuators to position the smoke control damper exclusively in either the fully open or fully closed state, thereby overriding the modulating signal.
Fire resistance classification and designation
Having achieved the performance criteria in 4.3.1, the single compartment smoke control damper shall be classified and designated in accordance with EN 13501-4
Each single compartment smoke control damper must be declared with the following specifications: a) an integrity class of "E600" in accordance with EN 13501-4; b) the designation HOT 400/30, which confirms compliance with high operational temperature requirements; c) indications of suitability for vertical and/or horizontal installation, along with mounting options in a duct or wall, represented as v ed, v ew, or v edw and/or h od, h ow, or h odw.
The symbols "ve" or "ho" do not indicate the operational direction or the orientation of the damper blade The addition of "S" signifies compliance with an additional leakage restriction The numbers "500", "1000", or "1500" denote the suitability for use at specific underpressures The symbols "AA" or "MA" indicate whether activation is automatic or requires manual intervention The notations "(i ặ o)", "(o ặ i)", or "(i ↔ o)" specify if the element has been tested for inside, outside, or both requirements The suffixes "C300", "C10000", and "Cmod" indicate suitability for smoke control only systems, combined smoke control and environmental systems, or modulating use in such systems Lastly, the suffix "single" denotes suitability for specific applications.
Other performance criteria
Where the manufacturer intends to provide information regarding aerodynamic performance, it shall do so in accordance with EN 1751 – see 5.5.
Fire resistance performance criteria: Multi compartment fire resisting smoke control
Integrity, insulation, leakage, HOT 400/30
The integrity assessment of multi-compartment smoke control dampers, a key fire resistance performance characteristic, is based on several criteria: a) measuring leakage through the damper at ambient conditions and after 5 minutes (for automatic operation) or 30 minutes (for manual intervention) post-fire test initiation, b) evaluating the damper's ability to maintain its opening during the fire test, c) identifying cracks or openings beyond specified dimensions and observing ignition of a cotton pad with sustained flaming on the non-exposed side at the damper's junction with walls, floors, or ducts, and d) determining the damper's suitability for use under negative pressure conditions at ambient measurements.
When insulation characteristics are proven for multi compartment fire resisting control dampers, this shall be classified and declared, together with integrity.
EN 1366-10 outlines the smoke leakage performance requirements necessary for achieving the (S) classification of dampers This classification is applicable when the damper is designed for applications where smoke leakage performance is critical The performance must be evaluated for both the largest and smallest sizes of the damper at ambient conditions, as well as the largest size measured continuously after 5 minutes for automatic operation or 30 minutes for systems requiring manual intervention following the initiation of the fire test.
The HOT 400/30 performance requirement, which mandates operation at 400 °C for 30 minutes, is outlined in EN 1366-10 This standard must be adhered to when the damper is designed for applications that necessitate such performance.
Durability
The test outlined in section 5.2.4 confirms the reliability of response delay, showing that the multi-compartment smoke control damper closes within the specified timeframe.
The operational reliability of the multi-compartment smoke control damper throughout its lifespan will be assessed through the open and closing cycle tests outlined in section 5.4.
The number of cycles required indicates the intended application of the multi-compartment smoke control damper, whether in smoke control-only systems, in systems that combine smoke control with environmental functions, or in modulating applications within combined smoke control and environmental systems.
A cycle refers to the movement of a damper from the open position to the closed position and back to open, or for modulating dampers, from the upper position to the lower position and back to the upper position The multi-compartment smoke control damper successfully passes the open and closing cycle test when it meets these criteria.
the cycles required are fully completed with the average time of each cycle less than 120 s;
the average time of the last cycle is less than 120 s
For smoke exhaust systems, it is essential that the control system regulates modulating actuators to position the smoke control damper exclusively in either the fully open or fully closed state, overriding the modulating signal.
Fire resistance classification and designation
Having achieved the performance criteria in 4.4.1, the multi compartment smoke control damper shall be classified and designated in accordance with EN 13501-4
Each multi-compartment smoke control damper must be declared with the following specifications: a) an integrity class of "E" and an integrity and insulation class of "EI" as per EN 13501-4; b) the designation HOT 400/30, which confirms compliance with high operational temperature requirements; c) indications for suitability in vertical and/or horizontal installations, along with mounting options in a duct, wall, or both, represented as ved, vew, or vedw and/or hod, how, or hodw.
The symbols "ve" or "ho" do not indicate the operational direction or the orientation of the damper blade The addition of "S" signifies compliance with an additional leakage restriction Numbers like "500", "1000", or "1500" denote the suitability for use at specific underpressures The symbols "AA" or "MA" indicate whether the activation is automatic or requires manual intervention The notations "(i ặ o)", "(o ặ i)", or "(i ↔ o)" specify if the element has been tested for inside, outside, or both requirements Furthermore, "C300", "C 10000", or "C mod" indicate suitability for smoke control systems, combined smoke control and environmental systems, or modulating use in such systems Lastly, the suffix "multi" denotes general suitability.
EXAMPLE EI 60 (vedw-i→o) S 500 C10000 AA multi
Meeting the multi-compartment smoke control damper requirements outlined in this clause will also fulfill the corresponding requirements for single compartment smoke control dampers as specified in section 4.3.1.
Other performance criteria
Where the manufacturer intends to provide information regarding aerodynamic performance, it shall do so in accordance with EN 1751 – see 5.5
Ambient Leakage Tests
The test method shall be in accordance with EN 1366-2 and EN 1751.
Fire resistance tests
General
Smoke control dampers must undergo a furnace-based fire resistance test to assess their effectiveness in preventing the spread of fire and smoke between fire compartments via ductwork that may pass through fire-rated walls and floors.
The smoke control damper in the furnace is evaluated for its capability to open and remain open, facilitating smoke extraction In contrast, the smoke control damper in the non-exposed position is assessed for its ability to remain closed while maintaining a known maximum leakage, which aids in sensible fan selection and prevents smoke from leaking back.
Single compartment smoke control dampers undergo elevated temperature testing that aligns with the standard time-temperature heating curve, reaching a maximum temperature of 600 °C In contrast, multi-compartment smoke control dampers are tested according to the standard time-temperature test curve during fire testing.
Two smoke control dampers are installed on a single compartment smoke control duct, following the guidelines outlined in EN 1366-10 for both horizontal and vertical ductwork One damper is positioned inside the furnace, while the other is located outside, reflecting standard industry practices as specified in EN 1366-10.
NOTE Test results are only valid for the tested method of mounting, together with any direct or extended field of application that may be applicable
Testing will begin with the smoke control damper inside the furnace in the closed position and the outside damper open, unless the latter is designed to remain closed during a smoke event This procedure is essential to evaluate the functionality of both dampers within and outside the fire compartment During the test, the internal damper must open while the external damper must close, with the timing of these actions dictated by the need for automatic activation or manual intervention.
Temperature and integrity measurements shall be carried out in various parts of the test construction during the test
When the dampers shift position, hot gases from the furnace are drawn through the open smoke control damper inside, while the closed damper outside remains unaffected A perforated plate, as outlined in EN 1366-10, enables the external smoke control damper to endure a pressure differential of 500Pa The leakage of the external smoke control damper is monitored when closed, and the leakage rate for dampers with an S classification must be assessed at both ambient temperature and during fire testing.
EN 1366-10 outlines the testing requirements for dampers in compartment barriers, ensuring they maintain fire resistance when closed and allow for the passage of smoke and hot gases when opened.
For applications requiring smoke control dampers, it is essential to conduct a furnace-based fire test on a sample of the damper and its actuator to ensure they maintain proper closure during a fire event.
Smoke control dampers are installed in accordance with the test standard EN 1366-2, as referenced by EN 1366-10, and can be attached directly or remotely through fire-resistant ducting These dampers may be positioned within the wall or floor construction, affixed to the surface, or mounted at a distance using ducting that meets fire safety requirements.
NOTE Test results are only valid for the tested method of mounting, together with any direct or extended field of application that may be applicable
Testing will commence with the smoke control damper fully open To comply with the two-minute requirement, the damper will be driven closed at the beginning of the test.
Temperature and integrity measurements will be conducted at different locations within the test construction throughout the testing process The impermeability of the smoke control damper system will be assessed through direct flow measurements, ensuring a consistent pressure differential is maintained across the closed smoke control damper.
300 Pa The leakage rate of dampers requiring an S classification shall be measured at ambient temperature
Testing smoke control dampers may be required both inside and outside the supporting construction, especially when they are not mounted directly at the center This ensures that the installation method is universally acceptable.
A smoke control damper sample must undergo a furnace-based fire test to verify its operation and maintenance of opening It is connected to a supporting structure, either directly or through ducting, following the guidelines outlined in the EN 1366-10 test standard These dampers can be installed within the wall or floor construction, affixed to the surface, or positioned remotely using fire-resistant ducting.
Tests shall be performed starting with the smoke control damper in the open position It will be cycled and observed (EN 1366-10).
Smoke control damper: integrity and insulation
According to EN 1366-10, the largest manufactured size must undergo a selected cycling test followed by a fire resistance test Units are to be fire tested in the intended installation plane, ensuring that the fire test results are applicable to the specific field of application.
NOTE For information purposes only, the unit may be ambient leakage tested prior to the fire test.
Leakage rated smoke control damper
According to EN 1366-10, the largest manufactured size must undergo a cycling test, an ambient leakage test, and a fire resistance test It is essential that units are fire tested in the plane of their intended installation, taking into account the specific field of application for the fire test results.
In addition, the smallest size to be manufactured shall be subjected to an ambient leakage test (see EN 1751) to provide the information necessary to gain this classification.
Response delay of a smoke control damper
The response delay is proven, provided that the smoke control dampers achieve the opening and closing requirements defined in EN 1366-10:2010, 6.2
A second smoke control damper sample shall be subjected to a standby temperature test to prove the longevity of any electrical items This shall be as described in EN 1366-10.
Salt Spray Exposure Test
The equipment and test method referenced in Annex A and EN 60068-2-52 shall be used.
Cycling Tests
Damper durability cycling
The equipment and test method referenced in EN 1366-10.
Damper Aerodynamic Performance
The following performance and rating test methods for dampers and valves specified in EN 1751 and
EN ISO 5135 shall be used: a) Damper blade leakage
Leakage past a closed damper or valve may be classified using the data published in EN 1751 Classes then increase 1 to 4 with class 4 being the most leak tight b) Damper casing leakage
Duct damper casings must be built to comply with the minimum leakage limits of the associated ductwork system To ensure efficiency, dampers should adhere to casing leakage classes as outlined in EN 1751 Specifically, dampers with a casing leakage classification of C will satisfy the leakage classifications C and D for ductwork.
According to EN 1751, damper casings do not have a Class D classification; however, given their limited surface area within the entire ductwork system, Class C is considered sufficient.
To confirm ductwork leakage, the reference casing area is determined by multiplying the damper's perimeter size by an equivalent length of one meter.
800 mm × 400 mm duct damper shall have a surface area for casing leakage performance calculated as ((2 × 0,8) m + (2 × 0,4) m ) × 1 m = 2,4m 2 ) c) Damper flow rate/pressure resistance characteristics
Damper flow rate/pressure resistance characteristics shall be measured according to the method prescribed, and presented in the manner described, in EN 1751 d) Operational torque testing
Operational torque shall be measured according to the method prescribed, and presented in the manner described, in EN 1751 e) Thermal transmittance testing
Thermal transfer shall be measured according to the method prescribed, and presented in the manner described in EN 1751 f) Regenerated sound power levels
Regenerated sound power levels shall be measured according to the method prescribed, and presented in the manner described in EN ISO 5135
General
The compliance of a smoke control damper with the requirements of this European Standard shall be demonstrated by:
factory production control by the manufacturer, including product assessment
For smoke control dampers produced as one-offs, pre-production smoke control dampers (e.g prototypes) and smoke control dampers produced in very low quantities, 6.4 shall apply.
Initial type testing
General
Initial type testing (ITT) shall be performed to demonstrate compliance of smoke control dampers with this European Standard
All key characteristics for which the manufacturer claims performance must undergo initial type testing as specified in Clause 5 While individual smoke control dampers do not require retesting for repeatability, multiple dampers must be tested to address various applications.
The general testing procedures aim to verify that the smoke control damper meets its design and performance specifications while in its operational position This includes assessing its effectiveness as a barrier or opening for a specified duration Therefore, the entire product, including motors and fixings, must undergo testing prior to installation.
Modifications
Any modifications to the smoke control damper or its production method that could impact the specified performance characteristics require initial type testing This testing must cover all characteristics outlined in Clause 4 that may be altered by the modification, excluding the tests mentioned in 6.2.3.
Previous tests and product families
Tests previously performed in accordance with the provisions of this standard may be taken into account for the ITT purpose providing that the tests:
were equivalent or more rigorous;
were carried out by a third party in the frame of a national/voluntary certification scheme;
were carried out on the same product or products of similar design, construction and functionality, such that the results are applicable to the product in question
Products can be categorized into families, where the characteristics of one product serve as a representative indicator for all other products within that family.
NOTE 1 Products may be in different families for different characteristics
NOTE 2 Reference to the test methods standards should be made to allow the selection of a suitable representative
In addition, Type Tests or Initial Type Testing shall be performed for all characteristics included in the standard for which the manufacturer declares performances:
at the beginning of the production of a new or modified smoke control damper design, the raw material or supplier of the components;
at the beginning of a new or modified method of production (where this may affect the stated properties); or
Changes in the smoke control damper design, raw materials, component suppliers, or production processes must prompt a reevaluation of the relevant characteristics This is essential whenever significant alterations occur that could impact one or more of these characteristics.
When using kit components with predetermined characteristics established by the manufacturer based on compliance with technical specifications, there is no need for reassessment of these characteristics It is essential to document the specifications of these components along with the inspection scheme to ensure their compliance.
CE marked products that comply with relevant harmonised European standards are assumed to perform as indicated by the CE marking However, it remains the responsibility of the smoke control damper designer to ensure that the entire smoke control damper is properly designed and that its components possess the required performance values to fulfill the design specifications.
Test samples
Test samples of smoke control dampers shall be representative of the current production
If the technical documentation of the test samples is inadequate for future compliance checks, a designated reference test sample must be kept accessible for this purpose.
Test report
All initial type testing and its results shall be documented in a test report.
Factory product control (FPC)
General
The manufacturer must create, document, and uphold a Factory Production Control (FPC) system to ensure that the smoke control damper consistently meets the ITT sample standards This compliance with the European Standard is validated through the performance characteristics stated for the smoke control damper.
When a manufacturer utilizes subcontracting for design, manufacturing, assembly, packing, processing, and labeling, the original manufacturer's Factory Production Control (FPC) can still be considered However, the manufacturer must maintain overall control of the products and ensure access to all necessary information to meet their responsibilities under the European Standard It is crucial to note that a manufacturer who outsources all activities cannot transfer their responsibilities to a subcontractor.
Manufacturers must systematically document all elements, requirements, and provisions through written policies and procedures This documentation of the production control system is essential for ensuring a shared understanding of conformity evaluation, facilitating the achievement of the necessary smoke control damper characteristics, and enabling effective monitoring of the production control system's operation.
Factory production control integrates operational techniques and measures to ensure product conformity with European Standards This process involves conducting controls and tests on measuring equipment, raw materials, manufacturing processes, machines, and finished products, including assessing material properties The results obtained from these evaluations are utilized to maintain and enhance product quality.
General requirements
Manufacturers with a Factory Production Control (FPC) system that meets EN ISO 9001 standards are acknowledged as fulfilling the FPC requirements outlined in Council Directive 89/106/EEC.
Manufacturers operating multiple production lines or units within the same factory or across different factories must maintain control records for each individual line or unit, as mandated by the technical specification During FPC inspections, while it is essential to evaluate product-specific aspects, the Notified Body is not required to systematically reassess every element.
“general” FPC provisions which apply to all lines/units.
FPC specific requirements
address this European Standard, and
To ensure that products meet their stated performance characteristics, it is essential to establish documented procedures for factory production control (FPC) operations, effectively implement these procedures, and record the operations and their outcomes This process includes addressing any deviations by correcting them, managing instances of non-conformity, and revising the FPC as needed Key production control operations involve specifying and verifying raw materials, conducting controls and tests during manufacturing as outlined in the test plan, and performing verifications and tests on finished products according to established frequencies.
Depending on the specific case, it may be necessary to carry out i) the operations referred to under b) and c), ii) only the operations under b) or iii) only those under c)
The operations focus on the intermediate states of the product, as well as the manufacturing machines, their adjustments, and related equipment The selection of controls and tests, along with their frequency, is determined by the product type, composition, manufacturing process, and its complexity.
Manufacturers must ensure that packaging and appropriate handling and storage conditions protect products from damage and maintain conformity with technical specifications, especially when finished products are released to the market without prior control.
The appropriate calibrations shall be carried out on defined measuring and test instruments
The manufacturer must possess or have access to the necessary facilities, equipment, and personnel to perform required verifications and tests This requirement can also be fulfilled by the manufacturer or their agent through subcontracting agreements with qualified organizations or individuals who have the appropriate skills and equipment.
The manufacturer is responsible for calibrating, verifying, and maintaining control, measuring, or test equipment in optimal working condition, regardless of ownership, to ensure that the product meets its technical specifications.
The equipment shall be used in conformity with the specification or the test reference system to which the specification refers
If necessary, monitoring shall be carried out of the conformity of intermediate states of the product and at the main stages of its production
This conformity monitoring ensures that products are carefully evaluated during the manufacturing process, allowing only those that have successfully passed the scheduled intermediate controls and tests to be dispatched.
Tests shall be in accordance with the test plan in Annex C
Manufacturers must create and uphold records that demonstrate the testing of their products, clearly indicating whether they meet the established acceptance criteria In cases where a product does not meet these criteria, the procedures for handling non-conforming products should be implemented.
6.3.3.2.5 Treatment of products which do not conform
If test results indicate that the product fails to meet the specified requirements, such as when the statistical variation exceeds the limits set by the technical specifications, immediate corrective action must be implemented.
Products or batches not conforming shall be isolated and properly identified Once the fault has been corrected, the test or verification in question shall be repeated
If products have been delivered before the results are available, a procedure and record should be maintained for notifying customers
6.3.3.2.6 Recording of verifications and tests (manufacturer’s register)
Factory production control results must be accurately documented in the manufacturer's register This register should include the product description, manufacturing date, adopted test method, test results, and acceptance criteria, all signed by the responsible individual who conducted the verification.
Any control results that do not comply with the technical specifications must be documented in the register, detailing the corrective measures implemented to address the issue, such as conducting additional tests, modifying the manufacturing process, or discarding or rectifying the product.
Manufacturers or their agents must maintain comprehensive records of individual products or batches, detailing their manufacturing characteristics and the initial sales information Each product or batch must be fully identifiable and traceable, although complete traceability may not be feasible for bulk products Therefore, the relevant technical specifications should realistically reflect the need for traceability while striving for the highest level of completeness possible.
Initial inspection of factory and FPC
6.3.4.1 Initial inspection of factory and FPC shall be carried out when the production is already running and the FPC is already in practice
6.3.4.2 The following shall be assessed:
During the initial assessment of the factory and Factory Production Control (FPC), it is essential to verify that all necessary resources for achieving the product characteristics outlined by the European Standard are available Additionally, it must be confirmed that the FPC procedures, as detailed in the FPC documentation, are effectively implemented and adhered to in practice Lastly, the product must comply with the initial type testing samples that have been verified for conformity with this European Standard.
6.3.4.3 All assessments and their results shall be documented in a report
6.3.5.1 The factory, which has been assessed according to 6.3.4, shall be re-assessed annually
6.3.5.2 All assessments and their results shall be documented in a report.
Procedure for modifications
If modifications are made to the smoke control damper, its production method, or the Factory Production Control (FPC) system, a re-evaluation of the factory and FPC system must be conducted This assessment should focus on any aspects, including the relevant Initial Type Testing (ITT), that may be impacted by the changes to ensure the smoke control damper's performance characteristics remain compliant.
All assessments and their results shall be documented in a report.
One-off smoke control dampers, pre-production smoke control dampers (e.g prototypes)
Smoke control dampers that are custom-made, prototypes evaluated prior to full-scale production, and those manufactured in limited quantities (fewer than 30 units annually) will undergo specific assessments For the initial type assessment, the guidelines outlined in section 6.2 will be applicable, with certain exceptions.
all smoke control dampers presented for test shall be supported by full design documentation,
a sampling process is not required as no “production” batch will be available
The FPC system for one-off smoke control dampers and those manufactured in minimal quantities must guarantee adequate raw materials and components for production Relevant provisions from section 6.3 will apply as necessary, and it is essential to maintain records for the traceability of the smoke control dampers.
For prototypes intended for series production, it is essential to conduct an initial inspection of the factory and the FPC prior to the commencement of production This assessment should take place before the FPC is implemented in practice.
During the initial assessment of the factory and Factory Production Control (FPC), it is essential to verify that all necessary resources for achieving the smoke control dampers' characteristics, as required by the European Standard, are available Additionally, it must be ensured that the FPC procedures outlined in the documentation are effectively implemented in practice Furthermore, procedures should be established to confirm that the factory's production processes can consistently produce smoke control dampers that meet the requirements of the European Standard, ensuring that these dampers are identical to the initial type testing samples that have already been verified for compliance.
Once series production is fully established, the provisions of FPC in 6.3 shall apply
The smoke control damper shall be marked at least with the following information:
the name or identifying mark of the manufacturer,
the number of this standard and the year of its publication (i.e EN 12101-8:2011), followed by the generic name of the product ”Smoke Control Damper”,
the classification for resistance to fire and other related information according to EN 13501-4,
if the smoke control damper has an S classification (EN 13501-4), the words "leakage rated" shall be
“suitable for automatic activation” or “suitable for manual intervention”, as relevant,
“suitable for single compartment applications” or “suitable for multi-compartment applications”, as relevant,
power requirements, e.g for electric actuators the power, current, voltage, for pneumatic actuators the operating air pressure (if this cannot be seen on the actuator itself),
actuator model (if this cannot be seen on the actuator itself),
the text “This damper shall be installed as per the manufacturer’s instructions”,
the manufacturer’s installation instructions or a reference to a document held by the manufacturer giving these instructions,
the date of manufacture (month and year)
NOTE Where ZA.3 covers the same information as this clause, the requirements of this clause are met
8 Product, installation and maintenance information (documentation)
Product specification
The manufacturer must supply and maintain a comprehensive product description that includes all relevant components This description should detail the materials utilized in the construction of the smoke control damper, such as densities and thicknesses, as well as information about the actuator employed Additionally, it is important to specify the orientation of the blade axis, indicating whether the blades are supported vertically or horizontally.
When installed in or near wall or floor structures, it is essential to provide specifications for the supporting construction and the installation method, including details on penetration seals and fixing techniques.
If mounted on a smoke control duct, it shall include details of the supporting ductwork and the method of installation, including the sealing and fixing details.
Installation information
The manufacturer must supply detailed installation instructions, which should encompass guidelines for fixing and installation, connections to external services such as electrical or pneumatic systems, and essential health and safety information to ensure a safe installation process.
Maintenance information
The manufacturer must supply essential maintenance information for the damper, which should encompass inspection and maintenance procedures, the suggested frequency for operational checks, and recommended assessments to evaluate corrosion effects.
Regular testing and inspection are essential to comply with regulatory requirements, with intervals not exceeding six months For a detailed example of this procedure, please refer to Annex B Additionally, some automatic systems are included in the testing framework.
General
The methods and equipment described in EN 60068-2-52:1996 shall be used with the following revised parameters (see A.2).
Revised parameters
The values referenced below shall be used and, where they differ, they shall replace any other parameters stated in the referred standard: a) EN 60068-2-52:1996, Clause 5 “Salt Solution”:
The salt solution concentration shall be 20 % ± 1 % by weight b) EN 60068-2-52:1996, Clause 6 “Severities”:
Severity 2 shall be used c) EN 60068-2-52:1996, Clause 7 “Initial Measurements”:
The damper shall be fully operational before the test d) EN 60068-2-52:1996, Clause 8 “Pre-conditioning”:
No pre-conditioning of the specimen shall be undertaken The specimen shall be representative of that installed in practice e) EN 60068-2-52:1996, Clause 10 “Recovery”:
The specimen must be washed in running tap water for 5 minutes and then allowed to dry, ensuring the water temperature is between 5 °C and 35 °C According to EN 60068-2-52:1996, Clause 11, this process is essential for the final measurement.
The damper shall be fully operational after test
If the requirement under f) is achieved the damper shall be declared as “Pass”, otherwise as “Fail”
Example of inspection and maintenance procedure
After installation, it is essential to conduct regular inspections of the system, as detailed in Table B.1 These inspections should align with the time intervals specified in the manufacturer's maintenance guidelines or occur at least every three months, whichever is shorter.
Check actuator wiring for damage
Check end-switch wiring for damage
Check damper cleanliness and clean where necessary
Check the condition of blades and seals, rectify and report where necessary
Confirm operation of damper to OPEN (within 60 s) and CLOSE (within 60 s) by use of the control system and physical observation of the damper, rectify and report where necessary
Confirm operation of OPEN and CLOSED end- switches, rectify and report where necessary
Confirm that the damper fulfils its function as part of the smoke control system
Confirm that the damper is left in its standby position
A smoke control damper is an integral component of a smoke control system, necessitating that the entire system be inspected in accordance with its operational and maintenance guidelines.
Factory production control – test plan
One smoke control damper per product family, shall be submitted to the checks indicated in Table C.1, according to the foreseen frequency The results of the checks shall be recorded
Annually Twice per year Daily
Carry out a third party certification product audit by notified body
To ensure compliance with series application requirements, conduct a complete cycling test on 1% of production or at least one unit per day, whichever is greater This involves verifying that the damper meets all test report and assessment criteria, including dimensions Additionally, manually or electrically open the damper to confirm the functionality of open end-switches, then close the damper to check closed end-switches Measure the actuation time from closed to open and vice versa, ensuring they align with specified standards Finally, perform a leakage test at ambient temperature, allowing for a 10% tolerance to accommodate various sizes.
Clauses of this European Standard addressing the provisions of the EU
ZA.1 Scope and relevant characteristics
This European Standard was developed under Mandate M/109, which pertains to fire alarm and detection systems, fixed firefighting equipment, fire and smoke control, and explosion suppression products, as assigned to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association.
The clauses of this European Standard shown in this annex meet the requirements of the mandate given under the EU Construction Products Directive (89/106/EEC)
Adhering to these clauses establishes a presumption of suitability for the smoke control dampers outlined in this annex for their specified applications; it is essential to refer to the information provided with the CE marking.
WARNING — Other requirements and other EU Directives, not affecting the fitness for intended use may be applicable to the smoke control dampers falling within the scope of this standard
In addition to the specific clauses regarding hazardous substances outlined in this standard, other applicable requirements may exist for products within its scope, including transposed European legislation and national laws To comply with the EU Construction Products Directive, it is essential to adhere to these additional requirements whenever they are relevant.
An informative database detailing European and national regulations regarding dangerous substances can be found on the Construction website of EUROPA.
This annex aligns with Clause 1 of the standard and is detailed in Tables ZA.1a and ZA.1b It specifies the conditions for CE marking of smoke control dampers for the designated uses and outlines the applicable clauses as indicated in Tables ZA.1 and ZA.1b.
Construction products: Smoke control dampers
Intended use: Smoke control dampers that are to be used in smoke control systems, either at 600 °C or under fire conditions
Table ZA.1a – Relevant clauses for single compartment smoke control dampers
Construction products: Smoke control dampers
Intended use: Smoke control dampers that are to be used in smoke control systems in single compartment applications at temperatures up to 600 °C
Essential characteristics Requirement clauses in this European Standard
Mandated levels and/or classes
Insulation not required for single compartment smoke control dampers
– maintenance of cross-section (under E) 4.1.1 e) -
Table ZA.1b – Relevant clauses for multi compartment smoke control dampers
Construction products: Smoke control dampers
Intended use: Smoke control dampers that are to be used in smoke control systems, in multi-compartment applications, either up to 600 °C or at fire temperatures
Essential characteristics Requirement clauses in this European Standard
Mandated levels and/or classes
– maintenance of cross-section (under E) 4.1.1 e) -
In Member States (MSs) without regulatory requirements for a specific characteristic related to a product's intended use, manufacturers are not required to assess or declare the performance of their products concerning that characteristic In such cases, they may utilize the "No performance determined" (NPD) option in the information accompanying the CE marking However, this NPD option is not permissible if the characteristic in question has a defined threshold level.
ZA.2 Procedure for the attestation of conformity of smoke control dampers
ZA.2.1 System of attestation of conformity
The attestation system for the conformity of smoke control dampers is outlined in Table ZA.1, following the guidelines of EC Decision 1996/577/EC, as amended by EC Decision 2002/592/EC.
According to Annex III of the Mandate for fire alarm and detection systems, as well as fixed firefighting, fire and smoke control, and explosion suppression products, the relevant intended use and corresponding level or class are detailed in Table ZA.2.
Table ZA.2 – Attestation of conformity system
Product Intended use Level(s) or class(es) Attestation of conformity system
Smoke control dampers Smoke control and fire safety 1
System 1: See Directive 89/106/EEC CPD Annex III.2(i), without audit testing of samples
The attestation of conformity for smoke control dampers listed in Table ZA.1 must follow the evaluation procedures outlined in Table ZA.3, which are based on the application of relevant clauses from this or other standards.
Table ZA.3 – Assignment of evaluation of conformity tasks for smoke control dampers under system 1
Tasks Content of the task
Evaluation of conformity clauses to apply
Tasks under the responsibility of the manufacturer
Parameters related to all characteristics of Tables ZA.1a and ZA.1b relevant for the intended use which are declared
Further testing of samples taken at factory according to the prescribed test plan
All characteristics of Tables ZA.1a and ZA.1b relevant for the intended use which are declared
Tasks under the responsibility of the notified product certification body
All characteristics of Tables ZA.1 a and ZA.1b relevant for the intended use which are declared
Initial inspection of factory and of FPC
Parameters related to all characteristics of Tables ZA.1 a and ZA.1b relevant for the intended use which are declared
Continuous surveillance, assessment and approval of FPC
Parameters related to all characteristics of Tables ZA.1 a and ZA.1b relevant for the intended use which are declared
ZA.2.2 EC certificate of conformity and EC declaration of conformity
Upon meeting the conditions outlined in this annex, the notified product certification body will issue an EC certificate of conformity, allowing the manufacturer to apply the CE marking This certificate will detail the necessary compliance information.
name, address and identification number of the notified product certification body,
name and address of the manufacturer, or his authorised representative established in the EEA, and place of production,
NOTE The manufacturer may also be the person responsible for placing the product on to the EEA market, if he takes responsibility for the CE marking
description of the product (type, identification, use, ),
provisions to which the product comply (i.e Annex ZA of this European Standard),
particular conditions applicable to the use of the product (e.g provisions for use under certain conditions),
the number of the EC certificate of conformity,
name of, and position held by, the person empowered to sign the certificate
ZA.3 CE marking and labelling
The responsibility for affixing the CE marking lies with the manufacturer or their authorized representative within the EEA This marking must comply with Directive 93/68/EC and be displayed on each smoke control damper as well as on accompanying commercial documents, such as delivery notes Essential information accompanying the CE marking includes: the certification body's identification number, the manufacturer's name or mark and registered address, the last two digits of the year of marking, the EC certificate of conformity or factory production control certificate number, a reference to the relevant European Standard, a description of the product including its generic name, model/type, material, dimensions, intended use, and details of the relevant essential characteristics as outlined in Table ZA.1.