www bzfxw com BS EN 10088 4 2009 ICS 77 140 20; 77 140 50 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW BRITISH STANDARD Stainless steels Part 4 Technical delivery conditions[.]
Designation of steel grades
The steel names and steel numbers (see Tables 1 to 4) are allocated in accordance with EN 10027-1 and EN
Order designation
The complete designation for ordering a product according to this European Standard shall contain the following information: a) the desired quantity; b) the product form (e.g.: strip or sheet/plate);
When specifying steel products, it is essential to include the nominal dimensions and the relevant European Standard number, along with any specific requirements Additionally, the type of material, which in this case is steel, must be identified, along with the steel name or number If multiple heat treatment or cold working conditions apply, the appropriate symbol for the desired condition should be indicated The desired process route must also be specified, as outlined in Table 6 For flat products with a thickness of 6 mm or more, verification of internal soundness is required in accordance with EN 10307 Furthermore, the type of inspection certificate, either 3.1 or 3.2 as per EN 10204, should be included, along with any regulatory marking requirements as detailed in Annex ZA.
EXAMPLE 10 plates of a steel grade with the name X5CrNi18-10 and the number 1.4301 as specified in
The article specifies EN 10088-4 standards for a stainless steel product with nominal dimensions of 8 mm thickness, 2000 mm width, and 5000 mm length It adheres to tolerances on dimensions, shape, and mass as outlined in EN 10029, featuring a thickness tolerance class B and a "normal" flatness tolerance The product follows process route 1D, as detailed in Table 6, and includes an inspection certificate 3.1 in accordance with EN 10204, along with a declaration of conformity.
Steels covered in this European Standard are classified according to their structure into a) ferritic steels; b) martensitic steels; c) precipitation hardening steels; d) austenitic steels; e) austenitic-ferritic steels
See also Annex B to EN 10088-1:2005
Steelmaking process
The steelmaking process for steels adhering to this European Standard will be determined by the manufacturer, unless a specific process is established during the inquiry and order phase.
Delivery condition
The products will be supplied according to the process route outlined in Table 6, and for any alternative options, the treatment conditions specified in Tables 7 to 11, 13, and 14 will be followed (refer to Annex A for additional details).
Chemical composition
6.3.1 The requirements given in Tables 1 to 4 shall apply with respect to the chemical composition according to the cast analysis
For construction purposes, any grades not specified in this European Standard must adhere to EN 10088-2 and align with the stipulations of this Standard.
6.3.2 The product analysis may deviate from the limiting values for the cast analysis given in Tables 1 to 4 by the values listed in Table 5.
Chemical corrosion properties
Referring to resistance to intergranular corrosion as defined in EN ISO 3651-2, for ferritic, austenitic and austenitic-ferritic steels the specification in Tables 7, 10 and 11 shall apply
EN ISO 3651-2 shall not be applicable for testing martensitic and precipitation hardening steels
The corrosion resistance of stainless steels varies significantly based on environmental conditions, making it difficult to determine through laboratory tests alone Therefore, it is recommended to rely on practical experience with these materials.
Mechanical properties
The mechanical properties at room temperature, as outlined in Tables 7 to 11, are applicable for the specified heat treatment conditions However, this does not pertain to process route 1U, which involves hot rolling without heat treatment or descaling.
If the products are to be supplied in a non-heat-treated condition, the mechanical properties specified in 7 to
11 shall be obtained from reference test pieces which have received the appropriate heat treatment (simulated heat treatment)
For cold worked products, the tensile strength levels at ambient temperature are outlined in Table 13, while Table 15 indicates the available tensile strength levels in the cold worked condition.
Alternatively, cold worked products can be ordered according to their 0,2%-proof strength as given in Tables
Austenitic steels, when in a solution annealed state, exhibit insensitivity to brittle fracture Their lack of a distinct transition temperature, unlike other steel types, makes them suitable for applications in cryogenic environments.
6.5.2 The values in Table 12 shall apply for the 0,2 %- and 1 %-proof strength of austenitic steels at elevated temperatures.
Surface quality
Slight surface imperfections, inherent in the rolling process, shall be permitted
Coil-form products may exhibit greater imperfections due to the difficulty in removing short lengths of coil For hot-rolled quarto-plates (designated as P in Tables 7 to 11), the standards outlined in EN 10163-2, class A2, are applicable unless alternative agreements are made Additionally, for other products, more specific surface quality requirements can be negotiated during the inquiry and ordering process.
Internal soundness
Products must be free from internal defects that would prevent their intended use For verification of internal soundness, ultrasonic testing of austenitic and austenitic-ferritic stainless steel flat products with a thickness of 6 mm or greater should comply with EN 10307 standards.
Formability at room temperature
Cold formability may be verified by elongation in the tensile test.
Dimensions and tolerances on dimensions and shape
Dimensions and tolerances for dimensions and shape must be specified according to the relevant European Standard (refer to Annex B) Typically, EN 10029 is applicable solely to product form P, which includes individually rolled plates or "quarto plates," and is not intended for product form H, which encompasses continuously rolled strip and plate.
10051 shall be applied When applying EN 10029, thickness tolerance class B shall apply unless specifically agreed otherwise.
Calculation of mass and tolerances on mass
6.10.1 When calculating the nominal mass from the nominal dimensions the values given in
EN 10088-1 shall be used as a basis for the density of the steel concerned
6.10.2 If the tolerances on mass are not specified in the dimensional standard listed in Annex B, they may be agreed at the time of enquiry and order
General
The process control, inspection and testing shall be carried out according to 8.3 to ensure that the product complies with the requirements of both this European Standard and the order
To ensure product quality, it is essential to establish a suitable frequency for verifying product dimensions, conduct an adequate intensity of visual examination for surface quality, and implement an appropriate frequency and type of testing to confirm the correct grade of steel is utilized.
The nature and frequency of these verifications, examinations and tests shall be in accordance with the manufacturer's written procedures in compliance with 8.3.
Agreement on tests and inspection documents
Products that comply with this European Standard must be accompanied by an inspection certificate 3.1 or 3.2, as outlined in EN 10204 The specific type of certificate should be determined during the inquiry and ordering process In the absence of any specification in the order, an inspection certificate 3.1 will be provided.
The inspection outlined in section 7.3 must be conducted and verified alongside the information specified in the inspection certificate, adhering to the requirements of EN 10168:2004 This includes the information groups A, B, and Z, the cast analysis results corresponding to code numbers C71 to C92, the outcomes of tests indicated in Table 17's second column marked by "m," any results from optional tests or inspections agreed upon during the inquiry and order, and the relevant regulatory information as detailed in Annex ZA.
Specific inspection and testing
The tests to be conducted, along with the composition, size of the test units, and the quantity of sample products, samples, and test pieces to be collected, are detailed in Table 17.
7.3.2 Selection and preparation of samples and test pieces
7.3.2.1 Sampling and sample preparation shall be in accordance with the requirements of EN ISO 14284 and EN ISO 377 In addition, the stipulations in 7.3.2.2 apply for the mechanical tests
Tensile test samples must be collected as illustrated in Figure 1, positioned midway between the center and a longitudinal edge Similarly, impact test samples should also be obtained from this specified location.
Samples will be collected from products in their delivery condition, with the option to take samples prior to flattening if agreed upon Additionally, for samples undergoing simulated heat treatment, the specific conditions for annealing, hardening, and tempering must be mutually agreed.
Samples for the hardness test and intergranular corrosion resistance test must be collected from the same locations as the mechanical tests Refer to Figure 2 for the bending direction of the test piece in the intergranular corrosion resistance test.
Test methods
Chemical analysis must be conducted according to the relevant European Standard for the specific element being tested If no suitable European Standard exists, the manufacturer has the discretion to select an appropriate physical or chemical analytical method Additionally, the manufacturer is required to declare the test method utilized when necessary.
The list of available European Standards on chemical analysis is given in CEN/TR 10261
7.4.2 The tensile test at room temperature shall be carried out in accordance with EN 10002-1 taking into account the additional or deviating conditions specified in Figure 1, footnote a
The tensile strength, elongation after fracture and the 0,2 % proof strength shall be determined In addition for austenitic steels only, the 1 %-proof strength shall be determined
7.4.3 The tensile test for austenitic steels at elevated temperature shall be carried out in accordance with
EN 10002-5 If the proof strength is to be verified for austenitic steels, the 0,2%- and the 1 %-proof strength shall be determined
The impact test must be conducted following EN 10045-1 standards using test pieces featuring a V-notch The final test result will be the average derived from three test pieces, as referenced in EN 10021.
The Brinell hardness test must be conducted following EN ISO 6506-1 standards, while the Rockwell hardness test should adhere to EN ISO 6508-1, and the Vickers hardness test must comply with EN ISO 6507-1.
7.4.6 The resistance to intergranular corrosion shall be tested in accordance with EN ISO 3651-2 for ferritic, austenitic and austenitic-ferritic steels
7.4.7 Dimensions and dimensional tolerances of the products shall be tested in accordance with the requirements of the dimensional standard relevant to the product form.
Retests
Shall be according to EN 10021
General
To ensure that a steel product meets the specified standard and its associated values, it is essential to conduct initial type testing and implement factory production control by the manufacturer, which includes thorough product assessment.
Steel products can be categorized into families for testing purposes, allowing the results of specific characteristics from one product to represent all products within that family It is important to note that a single product may belong to multiple families based on different characteristics.
Samples tested at the manufacturing site, following the manufacturer's specified plan, serve as the basis for assessing the conformity of the delivered steel product in line with this European Standard (refer to Table ZA.3) The results of these tests must be documented in an inspection report as per EN 10204 For task assignments, please see Table ZA.3.
Initial type testing
An initial type test involves a comprehensive series of assessments designed to evaluate the performance characteristics of product samples that represent a specific product type.
Initial type testing must be conducted to demonstrate compliance with this European Standard for steel products entering the market This testing is required at the start of production for a new or modified steel product design, as well as when implementing a new or modified production method.
8.2.1.2 Type testing of a steel product
Type testing for a steel product may be reduced if initial testing has already been conducted, provided that the performance characteristics remain unchanged compared to previously tested products, or if the rules for families and/or direct or extended application of test results are followed.
Clause 6 characteristics require initial type testing, with specific exceptions: weldability, durability, and the release of dangerous substances are determined by chemical composition; fracture toughness is assessed through impact strength, with no additional tests available; and cold formability is evaluated based on elongation, also with no further testing required.
Previous tests conducted on the same steel product, adhering to the relevant European Standard—including identical characteristics, testing methods, sampling procedures, and conformity assessment systems—can be considered valid.
8.2.4 Sampling, testing and conformity criteria
Initial type testing shall be performed on samples of steel products representative for the manufactured steel product type
8.2.4.2 Testing and conformity criteria lntensive testing shall be specific inspection and testing in accordance with 7.3 carried out on the first five casts produced
For tensile and impact testing, a minimum of six products from each of the five casts must be evaluated If this is not feasible, test samples should be collected from the opposite ends of the products being assessed.
Manufacturers must retain the results of all type tests for a minimum of 10 years following the delivery of the last applicable product.
Factory production control (FPC)
The manufacturer must create, document, and uphold a Factory Production Control (FPC) system to guarantee that products meet their declared performance characteristics This FPC system should include written procedures, regular inspections, tests, and assessments, utilizing the results to manage raw materials, components, equipment, the production process, and the final product Additionally, all records must be clear, easily identifiable, and accessible.
An FPC system conforming with the requirements of EN ISO 9001:2008, and made specific to the requirements of this European Standard, shall be considered to satisfy the above requirements
Inspection results, tests, and assessments that necessitate action must be documented, along with any subsequent actions taken Additionally, any actions required when control values or criteria are not met should be recorded and retained for the duration specified in the manufacturer's FPC procedures.
8.3.2 FPC requirements for all manufacturers
The manufacturer must implement procedures to guarantee that production tolerances enable the steel product's performance to align with the declared values obtained from initial type testing.
The characteristics, and the means of verification, are given in the Table 18
The manufacturer must document the outcomes of the specified tests, ensuring that the records include essential details such as the identification of the tested steel product, the date of sampling and testing, the methods used for testing, and the results obtained.
8.3.3 Manufacturer-specific FPC system requirements
The roles and responsibilities of personnel involved in managing, executing, or verifying work that impacts product conformity must be clearly defined This is especially crucial for those responsible for initiating preventive actions against product non-conformities, addressing issues when they arise, and identifying and documenting conformity problems Additionally, personnel engaged in work affecting product conformity must possess the necessary competence, supported by relevant education, training, skills, and experience, with proper records maintained to ensure accountability.
All weighing, measuring, and testing equipment essential for demonstrating conformity must be calibrated, verified, and regularly inspected following established procedures and criteria The management of monitoring and measuring devices must adhere to the relevant provisions of EN ISO 9001:2008.
All equipment used in the manufacturing process shall be regularly inspected and maintained to ensure use, wear or failure does not cause inconsistency in the manufacturing process
Inspections and maintenance shall be carried out and recorded in accordance with the manufacturer’s written procedures and the records retained for the period defined in the manufacturer's FPC procedures
All incoming raw materials must have documented specifications and an inspection scheme to ensure conformity The verification process for the raw materials' compliance with these specifications will follow the guidelines set forth in EN ISO 9001:2008, section 7.4.3.
The manufacturer shall plan and carry out production under controlled conditions Compliance with EN ISO 9001:2008, 7.5.1 and 7.5.2 shall be deemed to satisfy the requirements of this sub-clause
Steel products must be identifiable and traceable to their production origin Manufacturers are required to implement written procedures for the regular inspection of processes related to the application of traceability codes and markings Adhering to EN ISO 9001:2008, section 7.5.3, fulfills the requirements of this regulation.
Manufacturers must establish documented procedures for managing non-conforming products, ensuring that all incidents are recorded as they happen These records should be maintained for the duration specified in the manufacturer's procedures Adhering to EN ISO 9001:2008, section 8.3, fulfills the requirements of this clause.
The manufacturer must implement documented procedures to address and eliminate the causes of non-conformities, ensuring they do not recur Adhering to EN ISO 9001:2008, section 8.5.2, fulfills the requirements of this clause.
The manufacturer shall have written procedures providing methods of product handling and shall provide suitable storage areas preventing damage or deterioration
9.1 With the exception mentioned in 9.4, as a minimum, each product shall be marked with the information given in Table 19 (See Annex ZA for regulatory marking.)
9.2 Unless otherwise agreed the method of marking and the material of marking in accordance with 9.1 shall be at the option of the manufacturer
The product must maintain its quality and durability for a minimum of one year when stored in a covered, unheated environment Additionally, the marking on the product should not compromise its corrosion resistance.
9.3 One surface of the product shall be marked This will normally be the prime surface of products, where only one surface is guaranteed to the required standard
For wrapped, bundled, or boxed items, or those with a ground or polished surface, the marking can be placed on the packaging or on a securely attached tag.
NOTE For regulatory marking see Annex ZA
Products must be made from materials that do not emit hazardous substances beyond the maximum allowable limits set by relevant European Standards or national regulations of the destination member state.
Direction of the longitudinal axis of the test piece in relation to the principal direction of rolling at a final rolling width of
Distance of the test piece from the rolled surface mm < 300 mm ≥ 300 mm mm
For impact tests where the thickness of the product is greater than 10 mm, specific gauge lengths must be adhered to In cases of uncertainty, the gauge length should be calculated as \( L_o = 5.65 \sqrt{S_o} \) for test pieces from products with a thickness of \( t \geq 3 \) mm For products with a thickness of less than 3 mm, non-proportional test pieces with a gauge length of 80 mm and a width of 20 mm are required, although test pieces with a gauge length of 50 mm and a width of 12.5 mm may also be acceptable For products with a thickness between 3 mm and 10 mm, flat proportional test pieces featuring two rolled surfaces and a maximum width of 30 mm should be utilized.
- either a flat test piece with a maximum thickness of 30 mm; the thickness may be reduced to 10 mm by machining, but one rolled surface must be preserved
For a round test piece with a diameter of at least 5 mm, the axis should be positioned as close as possible to a plane in the outer sixth of the product's thickness (t) The longitudinal axis of the notch must always be perpendicular to the rolled surface of the product If the product thickness exceeds 30 mm, the impact test piece may be taken at a quarter of the product's thickness.
Figure 1 — Position of test pieces for flat products
Figure 2 — Direction of bending the test piece in relation to the rolling direction in the resistance to intergranular corrosion test
Table 1 — Chemical composition (cast analysis) of ferritic corrosion resisting steels
X3CrTi17 1.4510 0,05 1,00 1,00 0,040 0,015 a - 16,0 to 18,0 - - Ti: [4x(C+N) + 0,15] to 0,80 b X2CrMoTi18-2 1.4521 0,025 1,00 1,00 0,040 0,015 0,030 17,0 to 20,0 1,80 to 2,50 - Ti: [4x(C+N) + 0,15] to 0,80 b Special grades
X2CrMoTi17-1 1.4513 0,025 1,00 1,00 0,040 0,015 0,020 16,0 to 18,0 0,80 to 1,40 - Ti: 0,30 to 0,60
X6CrMoNb17-1 1.4526 0,08 1,00 1,00 0,040 0,015 0,040 16,0 to 18,0 0,80 to 1,40 - Nb: [7x(C+N)+0,10 ] to 1,00