Part 15: Multi blade cross-cut sawing machines with integrated feed of the work piece and manual loading and/or unloading; Part 16: Double mitre sawing machines for V-cutting; Part 17:
General
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100:2010 and the following apply.
Definitions
3.2.1 up-cutting cross-cut sawing machine machine where the saw blade spindle is situated below the work piece support when the saw blade is in its rest position
Note 1 to entry: The saw blade moves upwards with possible additional horizontal movement through the work piece during the cut (see Figure 1)
Note 2 to entry: Up-cutting cross-cut sawing machines are stationary machines
The semi-automatic cross-cut sawing machine features an integrated feed system that is manually initiated, allowing for precise control during operation The workpiece can be positioned either manually or with the assistance of a positioning mechanism, ensuring accurate cutting to length.
Figure 1 — Example of up-cutting cross cut saw (Diagrammatic)
The automatic cross-cut sawing machine features an integrated feed system that automatically positions the workpiece for cutting to pre-selected lengths While the workpiece is manually loaded and unloaded, the saw unit's feed is initiated automatically, enhancing efficiency in the cutting process.
3.2.4 stationary machine machine designed to be located on or fixed to the floor or other parts of the structure of the premises and to be stationary during use
3.2.5 displaceable machine machine which is located on the floor, stationary during use and equipped with a device, normally wheels, which allow it to be moved between locations
3.2.6 machine actuator power mechanism used to effect motion of the machine
3.2.7 hand feed on up-cutting cross-cut sawing machines manual holding and/or guiding of the work piece
The integrated feed mechanism is designed to hold and control the workpiece or tool mechanically during machining operations, ensuring precise and efficient processing This system is seamlessly incorporated into the machine, enhancing overall functionality and performance.
3.2.9 cutting area of the saw blade area where the saw blade can be involved in the cutting process
3.2.10 non-cutting area of the saw blade area of the saw blade where the saw blade is not involved in the cutting process
3.2.11 ejection unexpected movement of the work piece or parts of it or part of the machine from the machine during process- ing
3.2.12 un-braked run-down time time elapsed from the actuation of the stop control, but not the braking device (if fitted) up to spindle standstill
3.2.13 braked run-down time time elapsed from the actuation of the stop control and the brake device up to spindle standstill
Manual loading of power-fed machines involves the operator directly presenting the workpiece to the machine's integrated feed system, such as rotating feed rollers, a traveling table, or a reciprocating carriage In this operation, there is no intermediate loading device to facilitate the transfer of the workpiece from the operator to the integrated feed.
Manual unloading of power-fed machines involves the operator directly removing the workpiece from the machine's outfeed In this operation, there is no intermediate unloading device to facilitate the transfer of the workpiece from the machine to the operator.
Information from suppliers, including statements, sales literature, leaflets, and other documents, is essential for understanding the characteristics of a material or product These documents also serve to confirm the compliance of the material or product with relevant standards.
3.2.17 performance level (PL) discrete level used to specify the ability of safety-related parts of control systems to perform a safety function under foreseable conditions
This clause outlines all major hazards and hazardous situations identified through risk assessment as critical for the machines covered in the scope, necessitating action to mitigate or eliminate risks The document addresses these significant hazards by establishing safety requirements and measures or by referencing applicable standards.
These hazards are listed in Table 1
Table 1 — List of significant hazards
No Hazards, hazardous situations and hazard- ous events EN ISO 12100:2010 Relevant sub- clause of this document
- machine parts or work pieces: a) shape; 6.2.2.1, 6.2.2.2, 6.3 5.2.2, 5.2.3, 5.3.3,
5.3.7.1, 5.3.7.2, 5.4.5 c) mass and stability (potential energy of ele- ments which may move under the effect of gravity)
5.3.6 d) mass and velocity (kinetic energy of elements in controlled or uncontrolled motion); 5.3.7.2 e) mechanical strength 5.3.2, 5.3.3.1
- accumulation of energy inside the machinery: g) liquids and gases under pressure; 6.2.10, 6.3.5.4 5.4.6, 5.4.7
1.5 Drawing-in or trapping hazard 5.3.7
1.9 High pressure fluid injection or ejection hazard 5.3.4, 5.4.6, 5.4.7
2.1 Contact of persons with live parts (direct con- tact) 6.2.9, 6.3.5.4 5.4.4, 5.4.12,
5.4.13 2.2 Contact of persons with parts which have be- come live under faulty conditions (indirect con- tact)
4 Hazards generated by noise, resulting in:
4.1 Hearing loss (deafness), other physiological dis- orders (loss of balance, loss of awareness) 6.2.2.2, 6.3 5.4.2, 6.3
4.2 Interference with speech communication, acous- tic signals 5.4.2, 6.3
7 Hazards generated by materials and substances (and their constituent elements) processed or used by the machinery
7.1 Hazards from contact with or inhalation of harm- ful fluids and dusts 6.2.3, 6.2.4 5.4.3, 6.3
8 Hazards generated by neglecting ergonomic principles in machinery design related to:
8.1 Unhealthy postures or excessive effort 6.2.7, 6.2.8, 6.2.11.12,
8.2 Hand-arm or foot-leg anatomy 6.2.8.3 5.2.2, 5.4.5, 6.3
8.7 Design, location or identification of manual con- trols 6.2.8.7, 6.2.11.8 5.2.2
8.8 Design or location of visual display units 6.2.8.8, 6.4.2 5.2.2
10 Unexpected start up, unexpected overrun/overspeed (or any similar malfunction) from:
10.1 Failure/disorder of the control system 6.2.11, 6.3.5.4 5.2.8, 5.2.9,
5.3.3.1 10.2 Restoration of energy supply after an interrup- tion 6.2.11.4 5.2.8, 5.2.9, 5.3.4,
5.4.7, 5.4.8 10.3 External influences on electrical equipment 6.2.11.11 5.4.4, 5.4.8 10.6 Errors made by the operator (due to mismatch of machinery with human characteristics and abili- ties, see 8.6)
11 Impossibility of stopping the machine in the best possible conditions 6.2.11.1, 6.2.11.3, 6.3.5.2 5.2.2, 5.2.4, 5.2.5
13 Failure of the power supply 6.2.11.1, 6.2.11.4 5.2.8, 5.2.9, 5.3.4,
14 Failure of the control circuit 6.2.11, 6.3.5.4 5.3.1
17 Falling or ejected objects or fluids 6.2.3, 6.2.10 5.2.6, 5.2.9, 5.3.2,
18 Loss of stability / overturning of machinery 6.3.2.6 5.3.1
5 Safety requirements and/or measures
General
The machine shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective measures of Clause 5
The machine must be designed in accordance with EN ISO 12100:2010 principles to address relevant but not significant hazards, such as sharp edges on the machine frame, which are not covered by this document.
For guidance in connection with risk reduction by design, see 6.2 of EN ISO 12100:2010, and for safeguarding measures, see 6.3 of EN ISO 12100:2010.
Controls
Safety and reliability of control systems
This document defines the safety-related parts of a control system, encompassing components from the initial device, such as actuators or sensors, to the power control element of the final machine actuator, like motors or brakes These safety-related components must meet the performance level (PL) requirements specified in EN ISO 13849-1:2008 for various functions, including starting and restarting (PL=c), preventing unexpected startup (PL=c), normal stopping (PL=c), and emergency stops (PL=c) Additionally, they cover moveable interlocked guards (PL=c), interlocking mechanisms for cutting strokes and powered workpiece clamping (PL=c), hold-to-run control devices (PL=c), mode selection (PL=c), braking systems (PL=b or PL=c), two-hand control devices (PL=c), pressure-sensitive mats (PL=c), active optoelectronic protective devices (PL=c), trip devices (PL=c), and powered workpiece clamping (PL=c).
Protective devices must comply with specific standards The following requirements apply to the listed devices: magnetic and proximity switches must meet the criteria outlined in section 6.2.
The EN 1088:1995+A2:2008 standard, along with its associated control system, must achieve a minimum performance level of PL=c, as specified by EN ISO 13849-1:2008 Additionally, if a time delay is implemented, it must also meet the minimum requirement of PL=c in accordance with these standards.
See also 5.4.8 for the EMC requirements of the machine
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, inspection of the machine, measure- ment and relevant functional testing of the machine
NOTE For the components characteristics a confirmation from the components' manufacturers can be useful.
Position of controls
All hand-operated controls shall be located at a height between 600 mm and 1800 mm above floor level
The controls for the saw blade spindle drive motor, including starting, normal stopping, mode selection, and integrated workpiece feed, must be conveniently located on the machine or a mobile control desk This setup should allow for a clear view of the loading position, in accordance with EN 60204-1:2006, section 11.2.1 for electrical drives.
Mobile control desks must meet specific requirements: they should be connected to the machine via cable, and their location must be clearly indicated in the instruction handbook.
Where the machine is fitted with a two-hand control device it shall be:
1) situated at the front of the machine so that one of the manual control actuators is located on one side of the cutting line and the other manual control actuator on the other side of the cutting line (see Fig- ures 2, 3 and 4);
2) below the work piece support;
3) at a minimum height above floor level of 750 mm
Where the control for the powered work piece clamping is separate from the two-hand control device it shall be within 400 mm measured horizontally to the two hand control
Emergency stops must be strategically positioned based on machine size, specifically: i) within 1.0 m of the loading position; ii) within 1.0 m of the unloading position; iii) at the main control panel; iv) within 500 mm of the two-hand control device (if applicable); and v) within 3.0 m of the saw unit.
A single emergency stop can be positioned to fulfil more than one of these requirements
All reset controls shall be located outside protected areas and not reachable from a protected area
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, measurement and inspection of the machine
2 manual control actuators of the two-hand control device
3 upper saw blade guard also operating as clamping device
4 deterring/impeding device at the front side
The positioning of controls and the guarding of the saw blade cutting area are effectively managed by a two-hand control device, along with a deterring or impeding device on machines equipped with an upper guard that functions as a clamping device.
3 upper fixed saw blade guard
Figure 3 — Position of controls and guarding of the saw blade cutting area by two-hand control device and deterring/impeding device
2 manual control actuators of the two-hand control device
3 upper movable saw blade guard
4 deterring/impeding device at the front side
Figure 4 — Position of controls and guarding of the saw blade cutting area by two hand control
Starting
Before starting the saw blade all interlocked guard(s) (where fitted as indicated in 5.3.7) shall be in place and functional This is achieved by the interlocking arrangements described in 5.3.7
Start or restart shall only be possible by actuation of the start control device provided for that purpose
Closure of movable interlocked guards shall not lead to an automatic restart of hazardous movements
For semi-automatic machines, the cutting stroke can only be initiated using a hand-operated control device after the saw blade has started rotating and the workpiece is securely clamped.
The cutting stroke of all machines must only be initiated when the saw blade is rotating and the powered workpiece clamping is engaged, all interlocked guards are securely closed, no individuals are standing on pressure-sensitive mats, and no one is within the beams of any active optoelectronic devices.
For electrically operated machines see the requirements of 9.2.5.2 of EN 60204-1:2006 but the exceptions described in 9.2.5.2 of EN 60204-1:2006 are not relevant
The safety related part of the control systems (also see 5.2.1) for starting and the interlocking arrangements shall be at least PL=c in accordance with the requirements of EN ISO 13849-1:2008
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, inspection and relevant functional test- ing of the machine.
Normal stopping
The machine must be equipped with a stop control that can halt all actuators and activate the brake if installed This stopping mechanism should also disconnect the corresponding actuators from the energy supply, unless a Safe Torque Off (STO) feature compliant with EN 61800-5-2:2007 is utilized.
For normal stopping of PDS(SR) (power drive system, safety related) see 4.2.2.2 "safe torque off (STO)” and 4.2.2.3 “safe stop 1 (SS1)” of EN 61800-5-2:2007
The stopping sequence shall initiate the return stroke of the saw unit, disconnect power to the workpiece clamping (if applicable), cut power to the saw spindle drive motor, and engage the brake (if equipped) Once the braking sequence is complete, power to the brake will be cut off if an electrical brake is installed.
The stopping sequence must be fulfilled at the control systems level When utilizing a time delay device, it must meet the minimum requirement of PL = c as specified in EN ISO 13849-1:2008 The time delay should be at least equal to the maximum run-down time, and it is essential that either the time delay is fixed or the adjustment device is sealed.
The safety related part of the control systems (also see 5.2.1) for normal stopping (braking function excluded) shall be at least PL=c in accordance with the requirements of EN ISO 13849-1:2008
Verification: By checking relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, inspection and relevant functional testing of the machine.
Emergency stop
The requirements of EN ISO 13850:2008 apply and in addition:
The machine shall be fitted with emergency stop control(s) which shall conform to 9.2.5.4 and 10.7 of
EN 60204-1:2006 However 10.7.4 of EN 60204-1:2006 does not apply The emergency stop control device shall be at any time of self latching type
For emergency stop of PDS(SR) see 4.2.2.2 "safe torque off (STO)” and 4.2.2.3 “safe stop 1 (SS1)” of
When actuated the emergency stop shall disconnect power from all machine actuators and actuate the brake (if provided)
The stopping sequence shall initiate the return stroke of the saw unit, disconnect power to the workpiece clamping (if applicable), cut power to the saw spindle motor while activating the brake (if equipped), and finally, disconnect power to the brake once the braking sequence is complete (if an electrical brake is installed).
The stopping sequence must be fulfilled at the control systems level When utilizing a time delay device, it must meet the minimum requirement of PL = c as specified in EN ISO 13849-1:2008 The time delay should be at least equal to the maximum run-down time, and it can either be fixed or have a sealed adjustment device.
For positioning of the emergency stop control(s) see 5.2.2
The safety related part of the control systems (also see 5.2.1) for the emergency stop shall be at least PL=c in accordance with the requirements of EN ISO 13849-1:2008
Verification: By checking relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, inspection and relevant functional testing of the machine.
Integrated feed
The integrated feed of the work piece positioning mechanism (if fitted) shall only operate when the saw unit is in its rest position
The control system's safety component for the interlocking function between the feed and the saw/blade/unit in its rest position must meet a minimum performance level of PL = c, as stipulated by the relevant standards.
For the cutting stroke of the saw unit see 5.2.3
Verification: By checking relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, inspection and relevant functional testing of the machine.
Mode selection
Machines intended for both semi-automatic and automatic operation must include a mode selector Each mode of operation must adhere to the specific requirements applicable to that type of machine.
The mode selector must meet specific criteria: it should have a control system that overrides all other machine controls, except for the emergency stop; it must be lockable, such as with a key-operated switch; changing the mode should not trigger any machine movement; only one mode can be active at a time; and the safeguarding requirements outlined in sections 5.3.7.1.1 and 5.3.7.1.2 must be effective for each operational mode.
The safety related part of the control systems (also see 5.2.1) for the mode selection shall be at least PL=c in accordance with the requirements of EN ISO 13849-1:2008
Verification: By checking relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, inspection and relevant functional testing of the machine.
Failure of the power supply
According to EN 60204-1:2006, specifically paragraphs 1 and 3 of section 7.5, electrically driven machines must be designed to prevent automatic restart following a supply interruption once the voltage is restored.
In cases where there is a loss of powered clamping pressure and a risk of work piece ejection, it is essential to maintain powered clamping until the saw blade's return stroke begins If non-return valves are utilized to ensure this safety measure, they must be installed on the actuating cylinders.
The automatic restart of the machine shall be prevented after restoration of the pneumatic or hydraulic energy supply
Machines equipped with pneumatic actuators, excluding those used for workpiece clamping, must include an under-pressure device This device is designed to halt the machine's operation if the pneumatic pressure falls below 80% of the specified normal pressure.
The control system's safety component must ensure that an automatic restart is prevented during a supply interruption, achieving at least Performance Level c as specified by EN ISO 13849-1:2008.
Verification: By checking relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, inspection and relevant functional testing of the machine.
Failure of the control circuits
The requirements of EN 1037:1995+A1:2008 apply and in addition:
Control systems must be engineered to ensure that any circuit interruption, such as a broken wire or ruptured pipe, does not compromise safety functions This includes preventing involuntary machine starts and maintaining powered workpiece clamping, if applicable, in accordance with standards EN 60204-1:2006 and EN ISO 4414:2010.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, inspection and relevant functional test- ing on the machine.
Protection against mechanical hazards
Stability
It shall be possible to fix the machines to a suitable stable structure e.g floor Facilities for fixing are e.g fixing holes in the machine frame (also see 6.3)
Displaceable machines equipped with wheels must include mechanisms to ensure stability during cutting operations These mechanisms can include wheel brakes, a combination of wheels and stabilizers, or a device that allows the wheels to be retracted from the floor.
Verification: By checking relevant drawings, inspection and relevant functional testing of the machine.
Risk of break up during operation
Guards for the saw blade, excluding fingers, must be made from materials that meet specific criteria: a) steel with a minimum ultimate tensile strength of 350 N/mm² and a wall thickness of at least 1.5 mm; b) light alloy that complies with the specifications outlined in Table 2.
Table 2 — Light alloy saw blade guard thickness and tensile strength Ultimate tensile strength
Polycarbonate should have a minimum wall thickness of 3 mm, or alternatively, other plastic materials that meet the criteria outlined in Annex C Additionally, cast iron must possess an ultimate tensile strength of at least 200 N/mm² and a wall thickness of no less than 5 mm.
Verification involves examining the relevant drawings and conducting measurements and inspections on the machine For plastic materials that possess characteristics differing from those specified for polycarbonate, testing should be performed as outlined in Annex C.
NOTE For the ultimate tensile strength a confirmation from the manufacturer of the material can be useful.
Tool holder and tool design
If the machine is fitted with a saw blade it shall conform to EN 847-1:2005+A1:2007
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and inspection of the machine
The saw spindle must meet specific criteria: it should be made of steel with a minimum ultimate tensile strength of 580 N/mm², have a mounting diameter for the saw blade of at least 28 mm, and be produced according to the tolerances specified in Annex A.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, inspection, measurement and relevant functional testing of the machine
NOTE For the ultimate tensile strength a confirmation from the manufacturer of the material can be useful
To facilitate safe saw blade changes, a spindle holding or blocking device must be utilized, such as a double spanner arrangement or an integral locking bar inserted through the spindle This blocking device is essential for preventing tool spindle rotation and must remain undamaged after the spindle drive motor is activated while the device is in place.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, inspection of the machine and relevant functional testing of the machine
Saw flanges (or, in the case of flush mounted saw blades, a flange) shall be provided
For saw blades with a diameter of up to 450 mm, the flanges must have a diameter of at least one-fourth of the largest saw blade diameter that the machine is designed to accommodate.
For saw blades greater than 450 mm diameter, the diameter of the flanges (or flange for flush mounting) shall be at least D/6 but not less than 115 mm
Flanges, excluding those designed for flush mounted saw blades, must have an outer clamping surface that is a minimum of 5 mm wide, and the flanges should be recessed towards the center (refer to Figure 5).
Where two flanges are provided, both outside diameters shall be within a tolerance of ± 1 mm
To prevent loosening of the saw blade during startup, operation, run-down, or braking, it is essential to establish a positive connection between the saw spindle and the saw blade, or between the front saw flange and the saw spindle.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, measurement, inspection of the machine and relevant func- tional testing of the machine
NOTE For the ultimate tensile strength a confirmation from the manufacturer of the material can be useful
Braking
An automatic brake must be installed for saw spindles with an un-braked run-down time longer than 60 seconds, as detailed in Annex B Additionally, the braked run-down time should not exceed 60 seconds, with measurement guidelines also provided in Annex B.
A PL of at least c for the braking function shall be achieved
In the case of failure of power supply this run-down time may be exceeded
The braking torque shall not be applied directly to the saw blade itself or the saw blade flange(s)
Where a spring operated mechanical brake or any other type of brake not using electronic components is fit- ted the last paragraph of 9.3.4 of EN 60204-1:2006 does not apply (see 6.3)
For electrical braking, reverse current injection braking shall not be used
When an electrical brake with an electronic control system is installed, its control system must meet at least PL=b and be designed in category 2 according to EN ISO 13849-1:2008, with the exception that the test rate requirement in section 4.5.4 is not applicable The safety-related part of the braking control system should undergo periodic testing, such as monitoring the braked run-down time, using feedback from either the encoder on the spindle motor or by measuring the residual current in the motor's power wires.
The test must be independent of the primary braking control system, or an internal watchdog should be included in the braking control system Additionally, it should operate independently of the operator's intentions and be conducted at every spindle stop.
Where the test result is negative more than three times in succession, it shall not be possible to operate the machine A negative test result shall be indicated
The diagnostic coverage (DCavg) shall be ≥ 60 %
See Tables A.2 to A.15 of EN 61508-2:2010 and Annex A of EN 61508-7:2010
A basic electronic brake, constructed with components such as rectifiers, transistors, triacs, diodes, resistors, and thyristors, can be classified as PL=b and designed in category 1, in compliance with EN ISO 13849-1:2008, provided that the "mean time to a dangerous failure" (MTTFd) meets the criteria outlined in Table 5.
EN ISO 13849-1:2008 reaches a value of “high” (at least 30 years)
NOTE Complex electronic components like e.g microprocessors or PLCs cannot be considered as well tried under the scope of EN ISO 13849-1:2008 and do therefore not fulfil the requirements of category 1
To calculate the probability of a dangerous failure for a simple electronic brake component lacking fault detection and testing capabilities, one should follow the procedure outlined in Annex D.
EN ISO 13849-1:2008 can be used
Verification involves reviewing the relevant drawings and circuit diagrams, inspecting the machine, and conducting functional tests To determine the un-braked and braked run-down times, the appropriate tests outlined in Annex B should be applied.
The spindle brake can only be manually released when the spindle has completely stopped rotating, which is ensured by implementing a time delay between the activation of the control and the release of the brake, as specified in section 5.2.1.2 b).
The machine cannot be started until the spindle brake control has been reset, and resetting the brake control will not trigger the machine's start-up.
The safety related part of the control system for brake release shall conform to at least PL=c in accordance with the requirements of EN ISO 13849-1:2008
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, inspection of the machine and relevant functional testing of the machine.
Devices to minimise the possibility or effect of ejection
The direction of the rotation of the saw blade shall be such that the cutting force is directed against the fence
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, inspection and relevant functional test- ing of the machine.
Work piece supports and guides
The machine must be equipped with a work piece support, such as a table or table with rollers, that meets specific criteria It should extend at least 1 meter on either side of the saw cutting line when positioned at a 90° angle to the fence Additionally, the outfeed side of the machine may feature a design that allows off-cuts to fall away beneath the table, with any openings carefully designed to prevent access to the saw blade or other hazardous components, adhering to established safety distances.
Verification: By checking relevant drawings, inspection, measurement and relevant functional testing of the machine
Figure 6 — Work piece support (table) for up-cutting crosscut saw 5.3.6.2 Slot for the saw blade in the work piece support
The machine must include a replaceable table insert that meets specific criteria: a) the saw blade slot should be lined with easily cut materials such as polypropylene, polyamide, polyethylene, or similar plastics, as well as light alloys, wood, plywood, or brass; b) the insert must be securely positioned to prevent dislodgment during contact with the saw blade; c) the width of the table slot must align with the uppermost saw blade tooth when the blade is in the rest position, as specified in Table 3.
Table 3 — Width of table slot
Maximum width of table slot (mm) 8 12
Minimum distance below work piece support of uppermost saw blade tooth in rest position (mm) 12 20
Verification: By checking relevant drawings, measurement and inspection of the machine
Machines lacking clamping must be equipped with side fences along the saw line that fulfill specific criteria: they should span the entire length of the workpiece support, have a minimum height of 50 mm, and if there's a potential for the saw blade to contact the fence during cutting, that section of the fence must be constructed from wood, wood-based materials, plastic, or light alloy.
Verification: By checking relevant drawings, inspection, measurement and relevant functional testing of the machine.
Prevention of access to moving parts
5.3.7.1 Guarding of the saw blade
In the rest position access to the saw blade shall be prevented by fixed guards
When users need to demount fixed guards for maintenance, the fixing systems must remain attached to either the guards or the machinery This can be achieved using un-losable screws, as specified in section 6.3 x).
Access for changing and adjusting saw blades must be provided through a movable interlocked guard equipped with guard locking If the saw spindle's run down time is less than 10 seconds, the interlocking device must include a manually operated delay device as specified in Annex N of EN 1088:1995+A2:2008 For all other scenarios, the interlocking device should feature a spring applied/power released guard locking mechanism in accordance with Annex M of EN 1088:1995+A2:2008.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, inspection, measurement and relevant functional testing of the machine
5.3.7.1.2 Guarding of the saw blade of automatic machines
To ensure safety during maintenance on automatic machines, access to the saw blade cutting area must be restricted This can be achieved by using fixed guards secured with un-losable screws, allowing for user removal when necessary Additionally, any openings in the guards should be designed to comply with the safety distances outlined in Table 4.
The EN ISO 13857:2008 standards require that any access door be equipped with an interlocking mechanism that includes guard locking This ensures that the door remains locked until the saw blade has completely stopped The interlocking device must incorporate guard locking features for optimal safety.
1) if the run down time of the saw spindle is less than 10 s an interlocking device with guard locking with manually operated delay device in accordance with the requirements in Annex N of
2) in all other cases an interlocking device with spring applied/power released guard locking device in accordance with the requirements in Annex M of EN 1088:1995+A2:2008; or b) by the provision of pressure sensitive mats in accordance with the requirements of
The EN 1760-1:1997+A1:2009 standard mandates that safety measures must be effective within a horizontal distance of at least 1.3 meters from the nearest saw blade position Additionally, the saw blade must return to its rest position within 0.5 seconds after the activation of pressure-sensitive mats Compliance with these requirements is essential for ensuring safety in operations involving saw blades.
The EN 1760-1:1997+A1:2009 standard mandates that protective measures must be implemented at a minimum horizontal distance of 1.3 meters from the nearest position of the saw blade This includes the use of a fixed guard that meets the dimensions specified in Table 2 of EN ISO 13857:2008 Additionally, the saw blade must return to its rest position within 1 second after the activation of a pressure-sensitive mat Alternatively, an active optoelectronic protective device, such as a light barrier, can be utilized, which must also be positioned at least 1.3 meters horizontally from the saw blade and feature a minimum of two horizontal beams.
The saw blade must return to its rest position within 0.5 seconds after the activation of the active optoelectronic protective device, with measurements set at 400 mm and 900 mm from the floor level Additionally, a combination of these safety measures may be implemented.
The safety related part of the control systems (also see 5.2.1) for interlocking with guard locking function shall be at least PL=c in accordance with the requirements of EN ISO 13849-1:2008
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, inspection, measurement and relevant functional testing of the machine
6 parts which prevent access to the saw blade e.g extension tables, roller tables, fixed guards
Figure 7 — Guarding of the saw blade cutting area with pressure-sensitive mats
6 parts which prevent access to the saw blade e.g extension tables, roller tables, fixed guards
Figure 8 — Guarding of the saw blade cutting area with pressure-sensitive mats and fixed guards 5.3.7.1.3 Guarding of the saw blade of semi-automatic machines
To ensure safety in semi-automatic saw machines, access to the cutting area must be restricted through various means This can include fixed guards with un-losable screws for easy removal during maintenance, or movable guards that interlock with the saw blade's movement, ensuring they remain locked until the blade is below the table The gap between the highest saw blade position and the guard must be at least 50 mm Controls for initiating the cutting stroke should be of the hold-to-run type, operable only from the front of the machine Additionally, access within a 1.3 m radius from the saw blade must be prevented, using barriers that are at least the height of the workpiece support Other safety measures may include upper guards that also clamp the workpiece, two-hand control devices, and pressure-sensitive mats to enhance operator safety.
According to EN 1760-1:1997+A1:2009, a safety distance of at least 1.3 meters must be maintained horizontally from the nearest position of the saw blade, in conjunction with fixed guards that meet the minimum dimensions specified in Table 2 of EN ISO 13857:2008 A foot pedal may be utilized to control the saw blade's rise and fall, located at the operator's position Upon releasing the control or activating the pressure-sensitive mat, the saw blade must retract below the table within 0.5 seconds, regardless of its position Additionally, access to a 1.3-meter radius around the saw blade must be restricted, typically by a table or conveyor, ensuring that the barrier is at least as high as the workpiece support to prevent anyone from standing within this safety zone.
Foot pedals used to control the powered rise and fall of saw blades must be shrouded to prevent unintentional activation The maximum force required to actuate the foot pedal should not exceed 350 N Additionally, the switching device of the foot pedal must be hardwired, and the safety-related components of the control system must meet established safety standards.
PL c) in accordance with the requirements of EN ISO 13849-1:2008
The safety aspect of control systems for hold-to-run and interlocking functions must meet a minimum performance level of PL=c, as specified by EN ISO 13849-1:2008.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, inspection, measurement and relevant functional testing of the machine
Figure 9 — Guarding of the saw blade cutting area as required in 5.3.7.1.2 a)
Figure 10 — Guarding of the saw blade cutting area as required in 5.3.7.1.2 a) using fingers at the outfeed
Figure 11 — Guarding of the saw blade cutting area as required in 5.3.7.1.2 b)
Figure 12 — Guarding of the saw blade cutting area as required in 5.3.7.1.2 c)
5.3.7.2 Guarding of work piece positioning mechanisms
To ensure safety in work-piece positioning mechanisms, it is crucial to address access to hazardous areas, particularly when work-piece speeds exceed 25 m/min for impacts with the head, body, arms, hands, or fingers, and 60 m/min for impacts solely with arms, hands, or fingers If existing measures do not prevent drawing in or shearing, safety can be achieved through fixed guards with unlosable screws for maintenance access or movable interlocked guards that comply with Annex N of EN 1088:1995+A2:2008 Additionally, any openings in these guards must meet the safety distance requirements outlined in Table 4 of EN ISO 13857:2008, or pressure-sensitive mats may be implemented to enhance safety.
The EN 1760-1:1997+A1:2009 standard mandates that safety measures must be implemented at a minimum horizontal distance of 1.3 meters from the nearest impact, drawing in, or shearing point This can be achieved through the installation of an active optoelectronic protective device, such as a light barrier, which must comply with CLC/TS 61496-2:2006 The device should feature at least two horizontal beams positioned at heights of 400 mm and 900 mm from the floor, also maintaining the 1.3-meter distance from potential hazards Alternatively, a combination of these safety measures may be utilized.
Clamping devices
To prevent crushing hazards associated with powered workpiece clamping, several safety measures must be implemented These include: a) utilizing a two-stage clamping system with an initial force not exceeding 50 N for 1 second, followed by full clamping force activated manually; b) employing a manually adjustable device to reduce the clamp/workpiece gap to 6 mm or less, with a stroke limitation of 10 mm; c) restricting the clamp closing speed to 10 mm/s or less; and d) installing a guard fixed to the clamping device to minimize the gap between the workpiece and the guard to 6 mm or less, ensuring that the clamp extends no more than 6 mm outside the guard.
The safety aspect of the control systems for monitoring the initial clamping force and regulating the clamp closing speed must achieve a performance level of at least PL=c, in compliance with EN ISO 13849-1:2008 standards.
Verification: By checking relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, measurement, inspection and relevant functional testing of machine.
Protection against non-mechanical hazards
Fire
To minimise fire hazards the requirements in 5.4.3 and 5.4.4 shall be met See also 6.3
Verification: By checking relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, measurement and inspection of machine.
Noise
5.4.2.1 Noise reduction at the design stage
When designing machinery the information and technical measures to control noise at source given in
EN ISO 11688-1:2009 shall be taken into account The most significant noise source is the rotating saw blade
Operating conditions for noise measurement shall comply with Annex N of ISO 7960:1995
Mounting and operating conditions of the machine shall be identical for the determination of emission sound pressure levels at the work station and sound power levels
For machines where Annex N of ISO 7960:1995 is not applicable, e.g for different spindle speeds and saw blade diameters, the detailed operating conditions used shall be given in the test report
Sound power levels must be measured using the enveloping surface method outlined in EN ISO 3746:2010, with specific modifications: the environmental indicator K 2A should not exceed 4 dB, and the sound pressure level difference between the background and the machine at each point must be at least 6 dB, as detailed in the correction formula of the standard Measurements should be taken at a parallelepiped surface 1 m from the reference surface, and if the distance to an auxiliary unit is under 2 m, it must be included in the reference surface The test method's accuracy should be within 3 dB, and a total of 9 microphone positions are required, following Annex N of ISO 7960:1995.
Alternatively, where the facilities exist and the measurement method applies to the machine type sound power levels may also be measured according to a method with higher precision i.e EN ISO 3743-1:2010,
EN ISO 3743-2:2009, EN ISO 3744:2010 and EN ISO 3745:2012 without the preceding modifications
For determination of emission sound power level by the sound intensity method, use EN ISO 9614-1:2009 (subject to agreement between the supplier and the purchaser)
Emission sound pressure levels at the workstation shall be measured in accordance with EN ISO 11202:2010 with the following modifications:
1) the environmental indicator K 2A and the local environmental factor K 3A shall be equal to or less than
2) the difference between the background emission sound pressure level and the workstation sound pressure level shall be equal to or greater than 6 dB in accordance with 6.4.1 of EN ISO 11202:2010, accuracy grade 2 (engineering);
3) the correction of the local environmental factor K 3A shall be calculated in accordance with A.2 of
EN ISO 11204:2010 with the reference restricted to EN ISO 3746:2010 instead of the method given in Annex A of EN ISO 11202:2010, or in accordance with EN ISO 3743-1:2010, or
EN ISO 3743-2: 2009, EN ISO 3744:2010 or EN ISO 3745:2012 where one of these standards has been used as the measuring method
For the noise declaration the requirements in 6.3 s) shall be met.
Emission of chips and dust
To ensure efficient operation, the machine must be equipped with outlets for the extraction of chips and dust, allowing it to connect to a dedicated chip and dust collection system.
The opening of the capture device shall be large enough to capture the chips and dust projected
NOTE 1 The size of the opening of the capture device depends on the emission pattern and the distance between the emission source and the opening of the capture device
The capture device must be engineered to reduce pressure drop and prevent material accumulation by avoiding sudden changes in the direction of extracted chips and dust, as well as eliminating sharp angles and obstacles that could lead to blockages.
To minimize pressure drop and material buildup, the transfer of chips and dust between the capture device and the machine connected to the CADES (chip and dust extraction system) must adhere to specific requirements, particularly regarding the flexible connections of moving units.
To effectively transport chips and dust from the source to the collection system, the design of hoods, ducts, and baffles must be based on the appropriate conveying velocity of the extracted air within the duct.
20 m s -1 for dry chips and 28 m s -1 for wet chips (moisture content 18 % or above)
The pressure drop between the inlet of all capture devices and the connection to the CADES should be maxi- mum 1 500 Pa (for the nominal air flow rate)
NOTE 2 A low dust emission can be expected if the air flow rate ≥800 m 3 h -1 is ensured
Verification: By checking of drawings, visual inspection and the following procedure:
Measure the pressure drop at the chosen air flow rate by measurement under the condition given for noise measurement in the relevant C-standard or ISO 7960:1995
To measure noise levels according to the relevant C-standard or ISO 7960:1995, operate the machine without processing a workpiece and ensure the CADES is disconnected Additionally, verify that the machine generates an airflow from the capture device inlets to the CADES connection outlets by using smoke at the connection outlets.
NOTE 3 For measurement of chip and dust extraction system performance two standardised methods are useful: concentration method (EN 1093-9:1998+A1:2008) and index method (EN 1093-11:2001+A1:2008).
Electricity
With the exception of 6.3 the requirements of EN 60204-1:2006 apply unless stated otherwise in this docu- ment
See 6.2 of EN 60204-1:2006 for the prevention of electric shock due to direct contacts and Clause 7 of
EN 60204-1:2006 for protection against short circuits and overloading.
To safeguard individuals from electrical shock caused by indirect contacts, it is essential to implement automatic isolation of the machine's electrical power supply This can be achieved through the activation of a protective device installed by the user in the power line of the machine, as detailed in the manufacturer's instruction handbook.
Electrical components must meet specific protection standards: a minimum of IP 54 for electrical controlgear, and at least IP 5X for three-phase motors, as outlined in EN 60529:1991 and its amendment EN 60529:1991/A1:2000.
In accordance with 18.2 and 18.6 of EN 60204-1:2006 the test 1 for the continuity of the protective bonding circuit and functional tests apply
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, inspection of the machine and relevant tests (specified in test 1 of 18.2 and 18.6 of EN 60204-1:2006)
NOTE For electrical components characteristics the information from the electrical component supplier can be useful.
Ergonomics and handling
The machine and its controls shall be designed according to ergonomic principles in accordance with
EN 1005-4:2005+A1:2008 for work posture which is not fatiguing
The positioning, marking and illumination (if necessary) of control devices, and facilities for materials and tool set handling shall be in accordance with ergonomic principles in accordance with EN 894-1:1997+A1:2008,
Tanks containing compressed air drainers and oilers shall be placed or oriented in such a way that the filler and drain pipes can be easily reached
Machine components weighing over 25 kg must be equipped with appropriate attachments for lifting devices, such as lugs, strategically placed to prevent overturning, falling, or uncontrolled movement during transport, assembly, disassembly, disabling, and scrapping.
If the machine is fitted with a movable control panel, this panel shall be fitted with a facility to move it in the desired position
If graphical symbols related to the operation of actuators are used, they shall be in accordance with Table A.1 of EN 61310-1:2008
Further guidance is given in EN 60204-1:2006, EN 614-1:2006+A1:2009 and EN 614-2:2000+A1:2008 The height of the work piece support shall be between 850 mm and 950 mm above the floor level
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, measurement and inspection of the machine.
Pneumatics
Hydraulics
Electromagnetic compatibility
The machine shall have sufficient immunity to electromagnetic disturbances to enable it to operate correctly in accordance with EN 60439-1:1999, EN 60439:1999/A1:2004, EN 50370-1:2005 and EN 50370-2:2003
Machines that use CE-marked electrical components, installed according to the manufacturers' guidelines, are typically safeguarded against external electromagnetic interference.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams and inspection of the machine.
Static electricity
4 Hazards generated by noise, resulting in:
4.1 Hearing loss (deafness), other physiological dis- orders (loss of balance, loss of awareness) 6.2.2.2, 6.3 5.4.2, 6.3
4.2 Interference with speech communication, acous- tic signals 5.4.2, 6.3
7 Hazards generated by materials and substances (and their constituent elements) processed or used by the machinery
7.1 Hazards from contact with or inhalation of harm- ful fluids and dusts 6.2.3, 6.2.4 5.4.3, 6.3
8 Hazards generated by neglecting ergonomic principles in machinery design related to:
8.1 Unhealthy postures or excessive effort 6.2.7, 6.2.8, 6.2.11.12,
8.2 Hand-arm or foot-leg anatomy 6.2.8.3 5.2.2, 5.4.5, 6.3
8.7 Design, location or identification of manual con- trols 6.2.8.7, 6.2.11.8 5.2.2
8.8 Design or location of visual display units 6.2.8.8, 6.4.2 5.2.2
10 Unexpected start up, unexpected overrun/overspeed (or any similar malfunction) from:
10.1 Failure/disorder of the control system 6.2.11, 6.3.5.4 5.2.8, 5.2.9,
5.3.3.1 10.2 Restoration of energy supply after an interrup- tion 6.2.11.4 5.2.8, 5.2.9, 5.3.4,
5.4.7, 5.4.8 10.3 External influences on electrical equipment 6.2.11.11 5.4.4, 5.4.8 10.6 Errors made by the operator (due to mismatch of machinery with human characteristics and abili- ties, see 8.6)
11 Impossibility of stopping the machine in the best possible conditions 6.2.11.1, 6.2.11.3, 6.3.5.2 5.2.2, 5.2.4, 5.2.5
13 Failure of the power supply 6.2.11.1, 6.2.11.4 5.2.8, 5.2.9, 5.3.4,
14 Failure of the control circuit 6.2.11, 6.3.5.4 5.3.1
17 Falling or ejected objects or fluids 6.2.3, 6.2.10 5.2.6, 5.2.9, 5.3.2,
18 Loss of stability / overturning of machinery 6.3.2.6 5.3.1
5 Safety requirements and/or measures
The machine shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective measures of Clause 5
The machine must be designed in accordance with EN ISO 12100:2010 principles to address relevant but not significant hazards, such as sharp edges on the machine frame, which are not covered in this document.
For guidance in connection with risk reduction by design, see 6.2 of EN ISO 12100:2010, and for safeguarding measures, see 6.3 of EN ISO 12100:2010
5.2.1 Safety and reliability of control systems
This document defines the safety-related parts of a control system, encompassing components from the initial device, such as actuators or sensors, to the power control element of the final machine actuator, like motors or brakes These safety-related components must meet the performance level (PL) requirements specified in EN ISO 13849-1:2008 for various functions, including starting and restarting (PL=c), preventing unexpected startup (PL=c), normal stopping (PL=c), and emergency stops (PL=c) Additionally, they cover moveable interlocked guards (PL=c), interlocking mechanisms for cutting strokes and powered workpiece clamping (PL=c), hold-to-run control devices (PL=c), mode selection (PL=c), braking systems (PL=b or PL=c), two-hand control devices (PL=c), pressure-sensitive mats (PL=c), active optoelectronic protective devices (PL=c), trip devices (PL=c), and powered workpiece clamping (PL=c).
Protective devices must comply with specific standards The following requirements apply to the listed devices: magnetic and proximity switches must meet the criteria outlined in section 6.2.
The EN 1088:1995+A2:2008 standard, along with its associated control system, must achieve a minimum performance level of PL=c as specified by EN ISO 13849-1:2008 Additionally, if a time delay is implemented, it must also meet the minimum requirement of PL=c in accordance with these standards.
See also 5.4.8 for the EMC requirements of the machine
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, inspection of the machine, measure- ment and relevant functional testing of the machine
NOTE For the components characteristics a confirmation from the components' manufacturers can be useful
All hand-operated controls shall be located at a height between 600 mm and 1800 mm above floor level
The controls for the saw blade spindle drive motor, including starting, normal stopping, mode selection, and integrated workpiece feed, must be conveniently located on the machine or on a mobile control desk that allows visibility of the loading position, in accordance with EN 60204-1:2006 (see section 11.2.1 for electrical drives).
Mobile control desks must meet specific requirements, including being connected to the machine via cable and having their position clearly indicated in the instruction handbook.
Where the machine is fitted with a two-hand control device it shall be:
1) situated at the front of the machine so that one of the manual control actuators is located on one side of the cutting line and the other manual control actuator on the other side of the cutting line (see Fig- ures 2, 3 and 4);
2) below the work piece support;
3) at a minimum height above floor level of 750 mm
Where the control for the powered work piece clamping is separate from the two-hand control device it shall be within 400 mm measured horizontally to the two hand control
Emergency stops must be strategically positioned based on machine size, specifically: i) within 1.0 m of the loading position; ii) within 1.0 m of the unloading position; iii) at the main control panel; iv) within 500 mm of the two-hand control device (if applicable); and v) within 3.0 m of the saw unit.
A single emergency stop can be positioned to fulfil more than one of these requirements
All reset controls shall be located outside protected areas and not reachable from a protected area
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, measurement and inspection of the machine
2 manual control actuators of the two-hand control device
3 upper saw blade guard also operating as clamping device
4 deterring/impeding device at the front side
The positioning of controls and the guarding of the saw blade cutting area are crucial for safety This is achieved through a two-hand control device and a deterring/impeding device, particularly on machines equipped with an upper guard that functions as a clamping device.
3 upper fixed saw blade guard
Figure 3 — Position of controls and guarding of the saw blade cutting area by two-hand control device and deterring/impeding device
2 manual control actuators of the two-hand control device
3 upper movable saw blade guard
4 deterring/impeding device at the front side
Figure 4 — Position of controls and guarding of the saw blade cutting area by two hand control device, movable saw blade guard and deterring/impeding device 5.2.3 Starting
Before starting the saw blade all interlocked guard(s) (where fitted as indicated in 5.3.7) shall be in place and functional This is achieved by the interlocking arrangements described in 5.3.7
Start or restart shall only be possible by actuation of the start control device provided for that purpose
Closure of movable interlocked guards shall not lead to an automatic restart of hazardous movements
In semi-automatic machines, the cutting stroke can only be initiated using a hand-operated control device after the saw blade has started rotating and the workpiece is securely clamped.
Cutting strokes for all machines can only be initiated when the saw blade is rotating and the powered workpiece clamping is engaged, all interlocked guards are securely closed, no individuals are standing on pressure-sensitive mats, and no one is within the beams of any active optoelectronic devices.
For electrically operated machines see the requirements of 9.2.5.2 of EN 60204-1:2006 but the exceptions described in 9.2.5.2 of EN 60204-1:2006 are not relevant
The safety related part of the control systems (also see 5.2.1) for starting and the interlocking arrangements shall be at least PL=c in accordance with the requirements of EN ISO 13849-1:2008
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, inspection and relevant functional test- ing of the machine
The machine must be equipped with a stop control that allows for the cessation of all actuators, ensuring that the brake, if present, is engaged This stopping mechanism should also disconnect the energy supply to the relevant actuators, unless a Safe Torque Off (STO) feature compliant with EN 61800-5-2:2007 is implemented.
For normal stopping of PDS(SR) (power drive system, safety related) see 4.2.2.2 "safe torque off (STO)” and 4.2.2.3 “safe stop 1 (SS1)” of EN 61800-5-2:2007
The stopping sequence shall initiate the return stroke of the saw unit, disconnect power to the workpiece clamping (if applicable), cut power to the saw spindle drive motor while activating the brake (if equipped), and finally, disconnect power to the brake once the braking sequence is complete (if an electrical brake is installed).
The stopping sequence must be fulfilled at the control systems level When utilizing a time delay device, it must meet the minimum requirement of PL = c as specified in EN ISO 13849-1:2008 The time delay should be at least equal to the maximum run-down time, and it is essential that either the time delay is fixed or the adjustment device is sealed.
The safety related part of the control systems (also see 5.2.1) for normal stopping (braking function excluded) shall be at least PL=c in accordance with the requirements of EN ISO 13849-1:2008
Verification: By checking relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, inspection and relevant functional testing of the machine
The requirements of EN ISO 13850:2008 apply and in addition:
The machine shall be fitted with emergency stop control(s) which shall conform to 9.2.5.4 and 10.7 of
EN 60204-1:2006 However 10.7.4 of EN 60204-1:2006 does not apply The emergency stop control device shall be at any time of self latching type
For emergency stop of PDS(SR) see 4.2.2.2 "safe torque off (STO)” and 4.2.2.3 “safe stop 1 (SS1)” of
When actuated the emergency stop shall disconnect power from all machine actuators and actuate the brake (if provided)
The stopping sequence shall initiate the return stroke of the saw unit, disconnect power to the workpiece clamping (if applicable), cut power to the saw spindle motor while activating the brake (if equipped), and finally, disconnect power to the brake once the braking sequence is complete (if an electrical brake is installed).
Errors of fitting
It shall not be possible to fit a saw blade of greater diameter than the largest saw blade for which the machine is designed
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and inspection of the machine.
Maintenance
come live under faulty conditions (indirect con- tact)
4 Hazards generated by noise, resulting in:
4.1 Hearing loss (deafness), other physiological dis- orders (loss of balance, loss of awareness) 6.2.2.2, 6.3 5.4.2, 6.3
4.2 Interference with speech communication, acous- tic signals 5.4.2, 6.3
7 Hazards generated by materials and substances (and their constituent elements) processed or used by the machinery
7.1 Hazards from contact with or inhalation of harm- ful fluids and dusts 6.2.3, 6.2.4 5.4.3, 6.3
8 Hazards generated by neglecting ergonomic principles in machinery design related to:
8.1 Unhealthy postures or excessive effort 6.2.7, 6.2.8, 6.2.11.12,
8.2 Hand-arm or foot-leg anatomy 6.2.8.3 5.2.2, 5.4.5, 6.3
8.7 Design, location or identification of manual con- trols 6.2.8.7, 6.2.11.8 5.2.2
8.8 Design or location of visual display units 6.2.8.8, 6.4.2 5.2.2
10 Unexpected start up, unexpected overrun/overspeed (or any similar malfunction) from:
10.1 Failure/disorder of the control system 6.2.11, 6.3.5.4 5.2.8, 5.2.9,
5.3.3.1 10.2 Restoration of energy supply after an interrup- tion 6.2.11.4 5.2.8, 5.2.9, 5.3.4,
5.4.7, 5.4.8 10.3 External influences on electrical equipment 6.2.11.11 5.4.4, 5.4.8 10.6 Errors made by the operator (due to mismatch of machinery with human characteristics and abili- ties, see 8.6)
11 Impossibility of stopping the machine in the best possible conditions 6.2.11.1, 6.2.11.3, 6.3.5.2 5.2.2, 5.2.4, 5.2.5
13 Failure of the power supply 6.2.11.1, 6.2.11.4 5.2.8, 5.2.9, 5.3.4,
14 Failure of the control circuit 6.2.11, 6.3.5.4 5.3.1
17 Falling or ejected objects or fluids 6.2.3, 6.2.10 5.2.6, 5.2.9, 5.3.2,
18 Loss of stability / overturning of machinery 6.3.2.6 5.3.1
5 Safety requirements and/or measures
The machine shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective measures of Clause 5
The machine must be designed in accordance with EN ISO 12100:2010 principles to address relevant but not significant hazards, such as sharp edges on the machine frame, which are not covered in this document.
For guidance in connection with risk reduction by design, see 6.2 of EN ISO 12100:2010, and for safeguarding measures, see 6.3 of EN ISO 12100:2010
5.2.1 Safety and reliability of control systems
This document defines the safety-related parts of a control system, encompassing components from the initial device, such as actuators or sensors, to the power control element of the final machine actuator, like motors or brakes These safety-related components must meet the performance level (PL) requirements specified in EN ISO 13849-1:2008 for various functions, including starting and restarting (PL=c), preventing unexpected startup (PL=c), normal stopping (PL=c), and emergency stops (PL=c) Additionally, they cover moveable interlocked guards (PL=c), interlocking mechanisms for cutting strokes and powered workpiece clamping (PL=c), hold-to-run control devices (PL=c), mode selection (PL=c), braking systems (PL=b or PL=c), two-hand control devices (PL=c), pressure-sensitive mats (PL=c), active optoelectronic protective devices (PL=c), trip devices (PL=c), and powered workpiece clamping (PL=c).
Protective devices must comply with specific standards The following requirements apply to the listed devices: magnetic and proximity switches must meet the criteria outlined in section 6.2.
The EN 1088:1995+A2:2008 standard, along with its associated control system, must achieve a minimum performance level of PL=c, as stipulated by EN ISO 13849-1:2008 Additionally, if a time delay is implemented, it must also meet the minimum requirement of PL=c in accordance with these standards.
See also 5.4.8 for the EMC requirements of the machine
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, inspection of the machine, measure- ment and relevant functional testing of the machine
NOTE For the components characteristics a confirmation from the components' manufacturers can be useful
All hand-operated controls shall be located at a height between 600 mm and 1800 mm above floor level
The controls for the saw blade spindle drive motor, including starting, normal stopping, mode selection, and integrated workpiece feed, must be conveniently located on the machine or on a mobile control desk that allows visibility of the loading position For electrical drives, refer to section 11.2.1 of EN 60204-1:2006 for additional guidelines.
Mobile control desks must meet specific requirements: they should be connected to the machine via cable, and their location must be clearly indicated in the instruction handbook.
Where the machine is fitted with a two-hand control device it shall be:
1) situated at the front of the machine so that one of the manual control actuators is located on one side of the cutting line and the other manual control actuator on the other side of the cutting line (see Fig- ures 2, 3 and 4);
2) below the work piece support;
3) at a minimum height above floor level of 750 mm
Where the control for the powered work piece clamping is separate from the two-hand control device it shall be within 400 mm measured horizontally to the two hand control
Emergency stops must be strategically positioned based on machine size, specifically: i) within 1.0 m of the loading position; ii) within 1.0 m of the unloading position; iii) at the main control panel; iv) within 500 mm of the two-hand control device (if applicable); and v) within 3.0 m of the saw unit.
A single emergency stop can be positioned to fulfil more than one of these requirements
All reset controls shall be located outside protected areas and not reachable from a protected area
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, measurement and inspection of the machine
2 manual control actuators of the two-hand control device
3 upper saw blade guard also operating as clamping device
4 deterring/impeding device at the front side
The positioning of controls and the guarding of the saw blade cutting area are effectively managed by a two-hand control device, along with a deterring or impeding device on machines equipped with an upper guard that functions as a clamping device.
3 upper fixed saw blade guard
Figure 3 — Position of controls and guarding of the saw blade cutting area by two-hand control device and deterring/impeding device
2 manual control actuators of the two-hand control device
3 upper movable saw blade guard
4 deterring/impeding device at the front side
Figure 4 — Position of controls and guarding of the saw blade cutting area by two hand control device, movable saw blade guard and deterring/impeding device 5.2.3 Starting
Before starting the saw blade all interlocked guard(s) (where fitted as indicated in 5.3.7) shall be in place and functional This is achieved by the interlocking arrangements described in 5.3.7
Start or restart shall only be possible by actuation of the start control device provided for that purpose
Closure of movable interlocked guards shall not lead to an automatic restart of hazardous movements
For semi-automatic machines, the cutting stroke can only be initiated using a hand-operated control device after the saw blade has started rotating and the workpiece is securely clamped.
The cutting stroke of all machines can only be initiated when the saw blade is rotating and the powered workpiece clamping is engaged, all interlocked guards are securely closed, no individuals are standing on pressure-sensitive mats, and no one is within the beams of an active optoelectronic device.
For electrically operated machines see the requirements of 9.2.5.2 of EN 60204-1:2006 but the exceptions described in 9.2.5.2 of EN 60204-1:2006 are not relevant
The safety related part of the control systems (also see 5.2.1) for starting and the interlocking arrangements shall be at least PL=c in accordance with the requirements of EN ISO 13849-1:2008
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, inspection and relevant functional test- ing of the machine
The machine must be equipped with a stop control that allows for the cessation of all actuators, ensuring that the brake, if present, is engaged This stopping mechanism should also disconnect the energy supply to the relevant actuators, unless the Safe Torque Off (STO) feature, as specified in EN 61800-5-2:2007, is utilized.
For normal stopping of PDS(SR) (power drive system, safety related) see 4.2.2.2 "safe torque off (STO)” and 4.2.2.3 “safe stop 1 (SS1)” of EN 61800-5-2:2007
The stopping sequence shall initiate the return stroke of the saw unit, disconnect power to the workpiece clamping (if applicable), cut power to the saw spindle drive motor, and engage the brake (if equipped) Once the braking sequence is complete, power to the brake will be cut off if an electrical brake is installed.
The stopping sequence must be fulfilled at the control systems level When utilizing a time delay device, it must meet the minimum requirement of PL = c as specified in EN ISO 13849-1:2008 The time delay should be at least equal to the maximum run-down time, and it is essential that either the time delay is fixed or the adjustment device is sealed.
The safety related part of the control systems (also see 5.2.1) for normal stopping (braking function excluded) shall be at least PL=c in accordance with the requirements of EN ISO 13849-1:2008
Verification: By checking relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, inspection and relevant functional testing of the machine
The requirements of EN ISO 13850:2008 apply and in addition:
The machine shall be fitted with emergency stop control(s) which shall conform to 9.2.5.4 and 10.7 of
EN 60204-1:2006 However 10.7.4 of EN 60204-1:2006 does not apply The emergency stop control device shall be at any time of self latching type
For emergency stop of PDS(SR) see 4.2.2.2 "safe torque off (STO)” and 4.2.2.3 “safe stop 1 (SS1)” of
When actuated the emergency stop shall disconnect power from all machine actuators and actuate the brake (if provided)
The stopping sequence shall initiate the return stroke of the saw unit, disconnect power to the workpiece clamping (if applicable), cut power to the saw spindle motor while activating the brake (if equipped), and finally, disconnect power to the brake once the braking sequence is complete (if an electrical brake is installed).