4 !List of significant hazards" Abrasive blasting equipment shall be designed to take into consideration the hazards, the safety requirements and the preventative measures referred to i
Warning devices and safety signs
The manufacturer is responsible for providing safety signals and signs that warn of any residual hazards associated with the machine Specific requirements for these safety signals are detailed in Clause 5, ensuring that all signs and signals meet established compliance standards.
Graphical symbols shall be in accordance with ISO 3864-1 and/or ISO 7000
Danger signals shall be in accordance with EN ISO 7731 and/or EN 842 and/or EN 981.
Marking
The following information shall be attached clearly and durably to abrasive blasting equipment:
name and address of manufacturer and, where applicable, the name and address of the authorized representative;
designation of series or type, if any;
serial number/machine number, if any;
year of construction, that is the year in which the manufacturing process is completed
If applicable, the following information shall be applied:
load capacity of loading and unloading equipment;
power rating, e.g for electric equipment, air pressure, oil pressure, water, lubricant, coolant;
specific data for special application
In accordance with EN 60204-1, the electrical equipment shall be fitted with durable plates containing data, including casing protection grade.
Accompanying documents"
According to section 6.5 of EN ISO 12100-2:2003, manufacturers are required to provide an instruction manual for each piece of machinery or equipment This manual must detail the specific characteristics and safety measures related to the equipment, including information on how to avoid hazards and manage emissions such as hazardous noises, vibrations, radiation, gases, and dust.
The article will detail safety devices and specifications for spare and wear parts that impact the operator's health and safety It will also outline safety measures related to intended use, transport, assembly, and disassembly, including protection against falling elevated parts, hazards from non-relieved pressures, malfunctions of programmable electronic systems, and risks associated with temperature, fire, or explosive atmospheres.
The instruction handbook for manually-operated blasting equipment should indicate the total vibration value experienced by the hand-arm system, particularly if it exceeds 2.5 m/s² However, experience indicates that the hand-arm vibration levels for this type of equipment are typically well below 2.5 m/s², making it adequate to state that the emission value is under this threshold.
1) For machines and their related products intended to be put on the market in EEA, CE marking as defined in the European applicable directive(s), e g Machinery.
When vibration emission values are given:
The values must be either the actual measurements of the specific machinery or those derived from measurements of technically comparable machinery that accurately represents the machinery intended for production.
the uncertainty surrounding these values shall be specified;
If harmonised standards are not utilized, vibration data must be measured using the most suitable measurement code for the machinery It is essential to specify the operating conditions during measurement, the methods employed, or the reference to the harmonised standard that is applied.
In the absence of a specific measurement code, the general method outlined in EN ISO 20643 should be followed for measurement Additionally, guidance for determining uncertainty is available in EN 12096.
Manufacturers are required to provide a manual for each machine that includes operating instructions for all auxiliary systems, as specified in section 6.5 of EN ISO 12100-2:2003 This manual must include diagrams and drawings, detailing essential information for safe and effective operation.
batch capacity for belt tumbling machines;
load capacity and sizes of workpieces for overhead conveyors;
power and abrasive discharge velocity of the centrifugal wheel;
starting, operating and shutdown procedures;
limit for workpiece surface temperature ready for blasting;
recommended abrasives (e.g no corundum/carborundum for centrifugal wheel blasting);
action in the event of faults or irregularities and abnormal operation;
references for preventing hazardous conditions;
use of personal protective equipment (PPE);
noise emission values determined and declared according to EN 1265
7.4.3 Training of the operative personnel
The manufacturer shall inform the user that the personnel operating the equipment or plant shall be well trained in the operation, and in the dangers associated with the process
A maintenance manual shall be supplied with each machine The maintenance manual shall contain instructions for the testing and periodic inspection
The frequency of periodic inspections must be established during the design phase, taking into account the device's reliability, sensitivity, and significance Additionally, these inspection intervals should be tailored during the operational phase, with clear instructions included in the maintenance manual.
Periodic checks of safety, cut-off, regulating, blast wheel balance, and measuring equipment are essential to ensure they remain efficient and suitable for service Calibration and efficiency must be verified through regular trial operations, especially following significant modifications or maintenance All results should be documented for reference.
A comprehensive check and periodic maintenance program must be implemented for the blast machine's loading and unloading systems, conveying systems, and dust collectors This program is essential to ensure the ongoing thermal, electrical, and mechanical performance of these systems, as well as to confirm the proper functioning of all components.
parts of the machine - including safety devices - whose failure could cause danger shall be regularly inspected by a competent person The manufacturer shall specify the intervals between inspection
The article will offer guidance on maintenance tasks that necessitate specialized knowledge or qualifications, along with comprehensive lists of spare and wear parts that are cross-referenced with the construction plans and circuit diagrams.
It shall specify that spare parts/wear parts shall comply with all aspects on safety as laid down in this standard
It shall give information of the need of personal protective equipment to avoid contact with hazardous substances or to avoid hearing damage when testing the machine."
8 Maximum concentration of hazardous substances in shot blasting abrasives
Written information shall be given by the manufacturer to the user that the following concentrations of hazardous substances are not exceeded in the shot blasting abrasives:
Antimony, lead, cadmium, tin, arsenic, beryllium, chromates, cobalt, nickel in total 2 % of mass fraction;
Arsenic, beryllium, chromates, cobalt and nickel in total 0,2 % of mass fraction;
Beryllium, chromates, cobalt, cadmium separately 0,1 % of mass fraction;
Metallic compounds shall be calculated as the metal element and chromates as CrO3;
Free crystalline silicic acid (SiO2) 2 % of mass fraction
Description of equipment covered by this standard
A.1 Examples of blasting equipment types:
A.1.1 Depending upon the type of construction the centrifugal blasting equipment can be differentiated into
intermittent (batch loaded) machines and plants such as barrel blast machines, belt-type blast (belt tumbling) machines and blast cleaning rooms for large components;
continuous blast machines and plants such as rotary table or multi-table types continuous barrel types, overhead conveyor or carousel continuous machines;
A.1.2 Tumbling barrel or tumbling belt blast machines in which components may act as abrasives for each other and/or be tumbled in an abrasive media
A.1.3 Air blast equipment can be differentiated into
equipment where the blasting nozzles are operated from outside the blasting chamber (blast cleaning rooms, blast boxes, rotating drums);
equipment for free jet blasting where the operator is exposed to the blasting operation
Illustrative solutions for safety measures of blasting equipment
2 Strah kabine blast cabin cabine de grenaillage
3 Schwingfửrderer vibrating conveyor convoyeur vibrant
4 Becherwerk bucket elevator elévateur à godets
5 Haupt-Magnettrommel main magnet drum tambour magnétique principal
6 Sandschnecke sand screw vis sans fin de sable
7 Zusatz-Magnettrommel additional magnet drum tambour magnétique additionnel
8 Windsichtung wind sifter séparateur aérien
9 Strahlmittelverschlüsse abrasive shut-off gates trappes de grenaille
11 Entspannungsraum expansion chamber chambre de détente
Grobteile coarse particles particules grossières
Grobstaub coarse dust poussière grossière
Feinstaub fine dust poussière fine
Staubluft dusty air air poussièreux
Figure B.1 — Processing scheme with abrasive blasting media preparation (see 3.2)"
Figure B.2 — Shot blast wheel cover safety device (see 5.2)
Figure B.3 — Shot blast wheel cover safety device (see 5.2)
1 Mangan-Schutzplatten manganese liners plaques de protection au manganèse
1 Spaltabdichtung travel slot seal joint pour fente de roulement
Figure B.4 — Safety measures against the propelling of abrasive blasting media (see 5.3.1.2)
1 Innenflügel inner wing battant intérieur
2 Deckflügel outer wing batton extérieur
3 Kontaktleiste, auòen contact bar, outside listeau de contact, à l'extộrieur
4 Schaltklappe, innen switching flap, inside clapet de commande, à l'extérieur
Figure B.5 — Blasting chamber door (see 5.3.1.3 and 5.3.1.5)
1 Sicherheitsbügel safety catch traverse de sécurité
2 Einfüllklappe loading flap trappe de remplissage
Figure B.7 — Safety catch of loading flap (see 5.6.1)
! Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC
This European Standard was developed under a mandate from the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association to ensure compliance with the Essential Requirements of the New Approach Directive Machinery 98/37/EC, as amended by 98/79/EC.
Citing this standard in the Official Journal of the European Communities and implementing it as a national standard in at least one Member State grants a presumption of conformity with the relevant Essential Requirements of the Directive and associated EFTA regulations, as long as the compliance is within the scope of the standard.
WARNING — Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the scope of this standard."
! Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC
This European Standard was developed under a mandate from the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association to ensure compliance with the Essential Requirements of the New Approach Directive 2006/42/EC.
Citing this standard in the Official Journal of the European Communities and implementing it as a national standard in at least one Member State grants a presumption of conformity with the relevant Essential Requirements of the Directive and associated EFTA regulations, as long as the compliance is within the scope of the standard.
WARNING — Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the scope of this standard."
[1] EN 614-1, Safety of machinery — Ergonomic design principles — Part 1: Terminology and general principles
[2] EN 983, Safety of machinery — Safety requirements for fluid power systems and their components — pneumatics
[3] EN 1005-3, Safety of machinery — Human physical performance — Part 3: Recommended force limits for machinery operation
[4] EN 1127-1, Explosive atmospheres — Explosion prevention and protection — Part 1: Basic concepts and methodology
[5] EN 12096, Mechanical vibration — Declaration and verification of vibration emission values
[6] EN 14594, Respiratory protective devices — Continuous flow compressed air line breathing apparatus — Requirements, testing, marking
[7] EN ISO 3861, Rubber hoses for sand and grit blasting — Specification (ISO 3861:1995)
[8] EN ISO 11124-1, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products — Specifications for metallic blast-cleaning abrasives — Part 1: General introduction and classification (ISO 11124-1:1993)