o trotsku gia arkharious - phil ebans

xatvovoetec tÖÈ£G, HAL N LHaAVOTHTA va ETUHOLV@VEL HAVEIG LE TOUS CÀÀOUG HẺ0Œ ANG TO yoapmo, mavrote vanotav yia péva, xat e€axodovdovy va Elval, Ta MLO NOAVTILA MOOLOVTA TOV MOAITLOM

Mud EBơve - TœoUx⁄ AAy

O TPOTZKI FIA APXAPIOYZ

EmxoyH

QOTOXL: O EMavacTatyHs 7LOU, Ó710G ÈÀ£yE O AÊVW, TỊtœv

[O «#{ŒV@TEOOG VỮQ07tOC HÈƠŒ ƠTO XỎjHØƠ»

2 TAAIN

MAPT AENIN

Kt duc, thy efovoia peta to favato tou AEvw trịv

mEE O Ttahw x ox o Tgotom Ki Exave ta mavta yia

va eEapavioe: tov Teotoxt amo tyv Enionyn Lopretixh

totogia H Aoyoxeicia eEapavice TH HOEGH tov Kat

xave ti mov ta unogovoe va TOV Eu@avicEel Cav NyYETH

BIBAIA IXToPIAL KAI TIL

[[AAI€E €ÐĐHM€PIA€Y , KAI ôlloY

Tia tov ZrởÀw xat toug «ogddd50Eous» onadovg tov o Teotoxt qWtav 4

evocexwoan tou diapokou Me xadte xatacteopi oto eowtegixo xa xate

meoPAnpa and to c€wteoixd Eepnégdevav megoPadAovtacs to teintUxYO

Kk TQOTOXLOTES-PAIOTES-CGULMOTEQ»,

Kat oty Mooya xa oro TMexivo, axoua xa ta TEAEUTAIa YQOWA H TEOTORXLOTLXN

«eyuAnpattxh aigeon» Beweeitar avaetnua amo ta XELQOTEQG

Ira 1956, otav oto 200 ơuvèôoio

tou Kopyatos 0 Xgovotaw@

- TPOTEKIET+H/ —— WŒT(OVYEIE TƠ «EVXÀT|OTG TOU — XxởMwv», tL tov eine o Mao;

‘Otav, ota 1960, o KivéTor ta

yaAaoav pe tovg Pwooug xa TOU€

xaTnyoonoav ot, Patouv thy

KELOTVLAT] GUVUTTAQEN» TIELV ATTO

OLÖC T|VŒV TEÀOOT(CVT00V O TIOƠVHGtXOG TOÓTƠMI;

To moayuatixe tov ovoua ntav Ac6 NraGBivrobitc Mnoovotaiv Tevvnpévoc atic 26 OxtaBen (dnd 8 NoépBon pe To xavovgio NHEgoAdyia) tou 1879 ato xweto Iuửvojxœ otnv e@omn exagyia tng Xegowvac, oto voto

O matégasg Tov ATav évacg evxataotatoc Epeaios

ŒYOOTTỊG -70ỞYHŒ EÙÀOYO: ƠTIG VOTIEG TEQIOXES O1

EBodiot œyootreec Sev avtitetmmtav copaod

mooBAnpata, Xai prrogovoay va Covyv aveta ÈÈ@

Gamo Tic MOAEIC

Tn xoovd mov yevvndyxe o Tedton, 1O xivnua tev

Nagovivixev cexie tnv exifeon tou evavtia otnv Toaoixn

povoxgatogia Or Nagovtvixor (dnd «Aaixoi») miotevav nws 4

Pwoia progovce va nmagaxdppet tov Svtixd KG7(LCƠÀLOHO

olxodoum@vtag Eva cootaAlopo Paciopéevo OTHV ayOOTIXH

enavactaon H yAwoou tovg ATav Suvapitne!

‘Otav éywe Séxa yQoovwv Tov EotElAav va

onovédaoe: otnv Obrnooo Exei avaxdAvipe ta

BiBAia xat thy ItaAixy omega

Ơ07t(QỚVO #OU gpaivotav

oav va elyée xatebei ornv oxnvyn tag Odnagov xatEevdeiav amo Tov 7œOđÖ£t0o» pw

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« Eva #œÀoyoguuevo 6i8À¡o mov dta6alovtds to progei xaveic va Boe xatvovoetec tÖÈ£G, HAL N LHaAVOTHTA va ETUHOLV@VEL HAVEIG LE TOUS

CÀÀOUG HẺ0Œ ANG TO

yoapmo, mavrote vanotav yia péva, xat e€axodovdovy

va Elval, Ta MLO NOAVTILA

MOOLOVTA TOV MOAITLOMONV »

H wh pov, Toeotoxi

Ta xoAOKaIgIG, KAAOVTULEVOS KGL KE yuaAaKLa yuevovGE

11TO YOQLO TOV, OOD Kat alodavotav Eévoc «ToatiLotav

xc EBoile» esterdy o1 XWQIXOL Ö£V H71O00U00V va TO

(0VÊ\bQUV OTL TỊ YE@HETQiGŒ TỊTŒV TỊ 70 YOT|yOOT| Hau OWOTT |

II

Aoyotcoơ BoÈ0rnixe oto NixoAdeg, pia piKer MOAN-Amau, Omov xa yvwoitetat

HE pia Nagéa cooicAlotwv ÄZ LÚC QUẾT|UT|ƠELG TTỊG 7TUƯOÈGŒG ƠUHHETELXE KƠC TỊ

AAcEovôod Loxodopexaya, HLŒ GOEIƠCOLG TUOU UJTOOCTT|OLE YOV 7IDOÀETGQLG#O ƠOƠOLdÀLƠHÒ #X⁄ŒL ⁄4ŒYŒ@EOQOTƠV EVỞVTLGŒ Ơ” ÖÂEC TC TEOLXIÀÌE£G TOU ŒYQOT(XOU

ØOOLdÀLđUOU T0W NGoÓvrvu‹ov O TOÓC0Ét U7(OƠTTJOIEE tous Nagdovtvinouc

MA_TISX MNOPEIE EY MIA MIKPH KomIEAA, NA ANTEXEIZ ONES AYTES TIL TTENOMYAAES KI AXAPEL MAPEILTIKEL

EXY TOF MMoPEIZ KAI IKANOTIOIEIZAl

M'OAHN AYTHN THN !ACAAILTIKH

NA TA KoPof.A€YéI KANEN !

TeAtxrởd rị AAeEỏvôodg vixnoe orn oulitnon

13

Me rov dôc^Àgö trịc AAecEởvôodc Fonyoori xơi đÂÀouc giÁouc, o Tedtox: pvotixa ooydvœvet tv Evoơn Eoydrov Nöttœc Poœơiœe ota 1897 H Toagix? actuvopia -_ @Vtiồoở dơtoorttdid O Tọoöv0t dUÀÀG|tjÙVETơL XƠI XQGVEÌTdL 0E G710M4ÓVGƠT|

«EOQXOTƠV ƠTUVMEG TtOU ŒOQGƠTŒUVƠ Q7TỎ TTỊ MOVOELỞ » Í LG VŒ ƠXOTG@VEL TTỊV G0GŒ oxagwver otiyaxta Aev Snpooevtnxav mote

Exi ôuö yoown péoa otn quAaxt ôt¿Bơ§c BoAtaioo, Kavt xa xugiws AagBivo «H TEEOWOG@], tov Exave o AagPivoc, tov todmou , HE TOV onoio oxnpatifovtal pova tous, PuaiKd, , TA PTEEd Tov NMaywvod, édtwbe ya mavTG amo

‘TO LLAAG pou tHv wWEa tou Yréotatou *Ovtoc.»

MAVIOEVETAL TH DIAN TOV

Ahetavioa mov Ba tov

axodovbjoet atn XPyeia

M€PIKEE MOPES

ME TIPOBAHMATIZEI MOAY o GBESMOL TOY TAMOY

Xtro Ti va xavovupe o Aéww ytumovoe THVv avtiAnWn OTL OL EOYVOYEG

umogovoay avbdoounta va avateepouv toug xatameatés tous Ot

EQYỞtEG H7IOQEÌ VƠ (TLỚXVOUV ouvéLxata’ auto dpws Sev onpaivet mac ŒUTOHỞTG@G AELTOVEYOUY ETAVAOTATIKa OTO TOAITINO Eimedo

ỉ

19

fal

ZiBnoia Opwso xadotav Aavw oe avaypéeva xdePouva Kar to 1902

amoyawetae tyv Adetavdepa xai tig ÔUO KOQgEG TOUS MoU £lxdv yevvrniÐei exei -*œL Ô0071ETEUEI

Ít; KAI NA fIPof€X€IY ZA, (2

Kat Ley avyt| tov OxrmBen tov 1902 o Todotoxi yrumder TRV MOQTA EVIG omttiov mou Poloxotav ơtnv mAatEeia XOA@oevt ag 30 oto Bogeto Aovdive Mec oto oniti xommovvta o Aéviv ME TỊ ƠUVt0QỎO@LGở tou tTHv Koovunoxayia

Aéviv ytœ trịv cʇ¿Àtšn

, ING KaTdOoTAONS OTH Pasia

21

O AÈVW TOV MQOTEIVEL YL THY OVYTAKTIX ETUTEOT THC

‘Ioxoa ‘Opws Evag ano toug Petegavous péoa Øtr[v

‘Ioxoa, o Tlheyavwg, yywmotdc cav «matéeac tou Paaixov

Mằœoštơuob», £uzroôiEet Trịv avaderGn tov Tedtoxt

Tia tovc Petegavoucg exavactates cav tov MAeyavag, tov Maetwmp xai xugiws tov Aéviv, n ‘loxea eival nat |

TIEQLO0ÖYEgO G71Ó £@TiHEoiÔœ Eiva, o opyavwtixog MuenVas tov Pwoxotv Looiad-dnpoxeatixov Eegyatixov Koppatos

23

O Aévwy otéAver tov Todtox va maet va nave diadeEeig ƠTLC 7ŒOOLXLEC T00V Poowv otynv Evgwsm yia va pate per Aepta ya tyv ‘loxea Zto [lagiot tov Eevayei pia evovaiwmdys poitytela ano th Paoia, 7 Natadia IBavopva

Lévtofa Magoo mov o Tedtoxi civat mavtgepéevog pe thy AdkcEavooa

LoxodAdq@oxayta, n Natodia LévroBa yivetar «xa Todtoxw, yewvde: ovo

YLÓG, Xa wn pati tov peye: to Pavate tov

Al

AONAINO 1903: 20 LYNEAPIO TOY PQZIKOY

LOLTIAAAHMOKPATIKOY EPFATIKOY KOMMATOZ nates

27juEod to auvéedeuo exeivo pac

EÌVƠI ÿV(OƠTỎ GIỎ tous xavyadec

_ TTOU éyivav apogpn va Staonaoteti

to veoyévynto PZAEK oe dvo

opddec: tous yrodceBixous

(TÔ£(OV)TIĐOUVTEG) Mou *yav

aoxnyo tov A&wy, xat tous

pevoebixoug (peLlopnpovvtes) pe

aexnyo tov Maotw@ xat adAous

Ot ôuo @eadkies ovvtopa

dtapogqgatnxav of xdpLpaTA-

@ogeig Tov EMOIKOU

pagéiopou pe aviifetec aviiAnipeic

yla, THV eTavactaon

Tati ywotav o xavyas;

Hexivnoe amo ty dta~wvia petaky

Aévw xar Maetwmm@ oxetina pe TH

OEYAVWGNH TOU KOLPATOS

To AIKo MAI AEN unoauaeté

€INAI KoMMA Tov Aéviv

ENATTEAMATION EMANALTATEN €INAI ANOIXTo TIA OffoloN MISTEYE! ITO [IPOTPAMMA To

Juguj

25

O Teotox mye pe tov Magtwg xơt

touc MevoeBixouc - ev péger exerdn,

Omg OWodkOynoe agyoteoa, dev uno-

QOUØE£ va xatoaAaBer tThv avedenty

otaon tou Aévyv To ovvédeio ano-

HOAVIITEL WLIO ONLAVTLXN WAEVEd TOU

X0odxtioœ tov Tootoxt xat tov

TQOTIOV LE TOV OOO EBAETE Tig TIOAL-

he diadinacies Tia magdderypa,

Oa OTO #⁄ÒHG

ov

6ru2eø, + Tagg Rasy

Tov Kowovar œuTtv Áao tev ==

TooTom, dév Obi \eTou ~ am

xX CTW bi | |

Vé0WU4 Tou »

O TgeTe« ca é

Twea EVR KoGakmes (Tito Kno To oTleio dev bnaeese

ToTE Va mol layer Teléiws: Aev |noewse va

Fexmejser Tis E65 oto leus dvGouners J

“” | , — l44K NTOY TEP

27

Exi pta dexcetia o Tedotox Htav avtridetog we tTHV avtiAniyn tou Aéviv Vy

GE TIOAAES arto tic BEoEIC TOU Aéviv:

ae

EAEEREUPN , eae 7 |

No tes §Shgorv on

¥ Kot/«4_ ôpy#vù ex(

nee LO XI Koy win 6 TA To

=e | Kebpa Gav 6tvelo

Aoyotreoơ o Tedtoxt amoxnevte to

BiBAio autd “Oxt dpws evtedwc!

Hapadéytnxe mac oto xvOLO GTA TTỊG

meiPaeyiag péoa oto XÓHHG EÍXE XỚVEt

adoc Enépeve ouac ot: to BiBAto

NEQLELXYE KAL AQKETES DOWOTEG KOIOEIC

OXETIKG HE TTỊ ƠVEVOXE(GƠÀIỞ PEQIKOV

MaodoceBixwv Trịc xEVTOLKNG ETITEOTTAS

exeivyc THs meguddov O Tedtoxt

Peloxdotav Ao KOVTaG OTNHV pEvoeBixixn

Ở7tOtT| ÿytŒ to xOuWa Agyotega Pépara,

UUOÔET@VTGŒG YTỊV E7ŒVGƠYŒTUGŒT| TŒXT1⁄1),

odbnyndnxe paxeia amd avrovc,

WAXOUTEOR AXOUG ATO KEL TOU

Beioxovtav o Aéviv xat ot đÀÀOL

MzroAơeBtxot

Tia agxeta yoovia mavtms MioTEvE WG

nN ovpQuioon MrodceBixov xat

MevoeBixov Atav Svvati

1904-1905: O PQFO-IAIGNIKOE HOAEMO>

ÈVŒC 7T(OÀEUOC YLGŒ TO XÈQỖtGMŒ G7OIKt@V

ơrnv Mœtouoio, Kivd xơi Kogéa mov

CÀHỆE HE TTỊV TTA TwV OTEATEVLATHY TOU

Tơởoou Ô HEyöÀoc dotÖHóc tov vexowr ;

ơtnv MœvtEouoid xœt !ị Àơï+ñ Svo@opia

ƠTIC 7ÓÀ£tC xaL THY Ú71œỦ00 ToửvrdE@œv Á

to Bedvo tov Todgou SUS

TO GVYKEVTQOTOMPEVH Propnyavia mo Evg@sns otngifetar otnv mo xabvoteon- wevn yew@oyia tno Evewnmng 'Evơc xokocoiaiog xeatimdg pnyaviauog mou XOT|ƠLHOZIOLEL xabe enitevypa THS obyxgovNns texvodoyiac yia va eriPoaduver tHv LGYOQUXZT| 7000ỗ0

Toörơrt «1905»

H MATOMENH KYPIAKH

22 Iavovagiou: 200.000 egyatec

Œ7tEoYyOL trỊc IlEtoOU7(OÀTIG T0OXGQOUV

MOOG Ta XEWEQIVA ŒVỮKTODG YyLŒ VŒ

Cntjoovv amd tov Todeo va axovoet ta

aithpata tovc “Ops o «IlategovaAnc»

aoveita: va dextei toug exmeoocw@mnouc

toug xar Siatate: to oteatd tov va Tous

Mec ơn ezropevec BồoudÔcc Ce MOAAEG TOAEtG THS Pwoiac ot

eeyates xateBaivovy of yevinn aneoyica NH anegyia 6v ƠIÔt|-

Se0uiKoV maeaAveE TC ŒGUYXOUWG@VEEC T09 XUELOV 00v, O

Tedtoxn eiye 7tooBAtet tịv cEeAEn auty pe Pavpaoth

axgifera o” éva xEILEVO TOV Elye YOR WE TO 1904° to KEtpLEVO TO

eixe Swoe ya Snyooievon OTOV LEVOEPIXIXO TUMO, EXELVOL

Opas Sev tov To Snooievoav O Tadgog XŒVEL OOQLƠULEVEG TLƠŒ-

00X@oriøetc Ôi purededdegor aotoi omevdouv va tic Sextouv

Eiva ogyaveapévor péoa amo Eva KOPN LE TO ovopa «Luvecy-

atixoi Anpoxeates», pe agyixa Ka-vte yu’ auto xa tous

éheyov «Kavtédec» Agxnyos toug eivar o I IN Miatotxag,

EVAG LOTOOLKOS oO Tedoni tov xatnyogel ya ouLBIBaopO pe Tov

Tơớoo

H AYZAPEXTH OETH TON DIAEAEYOEPON

Av 4 enavdotaon ÔEV U710X00 LƠ€t, TỊ yOđG@Et0X0dtia

Ôd #@£EuHd0reí ửvœ đức 0ữv gc 0qviÖ@ 00TT)QiGC' Kt

ŒV 7QỎYHG1L £0EÌG 7(Q0071GỒ1)0E1E VA YivVETE 1 cavida owrnoias tns, n vexngdoa enavdotaan Ja đức avatoépet (av, and tnv Gddn, n ENAaVdoTaONH rrtriÖei, o toagiopds dev Oa “yet mia avayxy tov puedevdegioud) Atateivedde Ott unogeite va

7tQ0X0Q1†0EtE ŒvE7oÈd0r01 ane tig pwvég mov

MOOEQXOVTAL HAL ANG dekia xat ane aguoteod H emavdaotaon dev EimE AxOLA THY TEÂÀEUrGiG TTỊG Ac§n Kate6alet pe Ovvayn to payaior tS MaGV@ OTO- o6éoxo tHS amodutagxiac ÁC 70Q00ÈXOUY 0L

@I£À£ÙÖeo0L 0o@0i, vữ HV amhovovv ta xéoia TOUS xaTo aNd THY GoteagtEgH KoYH Tov Ae 71000610WY Teotoxt

33

Tledoxettar Ya THY ME@TH OTH GvyxEovN totogia tHS Pwoiag exq~avion

dnpoxgatixns e€ovoiac! Neaypatixa Snuoxgatintys, pe Sixciopa tov

YHPoPoEwv va avaxadovv tov exNEdcwMo Tov ava maoa otLypT!

TEXNA TA TOPA TA AZIOMATA/

Ổ To šoBI€T EINAL MIA EMBPYAKH MOPOH THE ETJANAYTATIKHT €#OYZIAY 0PTANSN€I NAN 6A€Y@€Po TYIï9 OPTANON€I TIẾPIIIOA0Y5 FIA TIN A5ĐAA€IA TỔN NOAITON AN4AAMBAN&I To _ TAXYAPOM€I0 T6YS

SIAHPOAPOMOYE To [IPOTo KYMA THỂ ETIOMENHS ENANAD TATE

@A OAMTHIEl ITH AlIMIeYP[1A FOBIET S'OAH TH XOPA

Te oTéki

35

36

H IleroobztoÀr| £lXE TOTE plod ExATOLPUELO MEOAETAQLOLG

Ax’ autovs oyed56v o1 wool ExmQocMNOUVTAV Oto GoptéET,

KUQIWS EQYOOTAOLAKOL EQYATEG

Tiovoi eivar evavtia oto copliet; Or ExmQdcmsor EvoS AQTAXTIXOU KATITAALGLOU

To Lopiet xoatnoe povaya 50 péoec

2c 16 AexeuoloUu rou 1905 tơ

KUEovrnitxở OTeaTEvLATA To ÔtÈÀUØ0ŒV

xaL ovAAaBave Touc nyéetec tov H

emavactacn vxninxe

O Tedtoxt civar 26 xoovov, Ô ÀoyoG TrƠU

EK(0WVEL oto Sixaotne.o anevbvuvetat a

OAGXANEO TOV 0O

Tov xaigo ths Sixys, pEoa orn @UÀ0XT| ŒØXOÀElT0L HE ÔUO XUOL@G

Teaypata: a AiaPater yadAina pudtotogjpata « ta goumovoa xat Ta

anokGpBpava Omws ot xakopayades mov xatePatovv agyd-agyda to diakeyto | xOaCL Tous xatanivovy Tov "wWewbaTO KamVvd TOU axeLpov

toucg moveOU » (amd to BIBAio H fw pov)

kal B Stapoeq~aver ty Dewgia tHS

AIAPKOY* EHANAXYTAEHE

Tt oot «ôtdoxoUc» ônÀdồn;

Aurin rị tôÈœ xUgIdgyœU0E ota

pvaha tov Paowy pagE.otev,

TOV MOTEVaV OTL LLG ETava-

otaon ot Paoia ta epeove

otnv £ỆOUƠ(ƠŒ TTỊV aotixy tda-

En Kat expeaotnxe ME tov

TUO GAT HAL KATH YOONLATLKO

TEOTIO aNd TOV «mTaTéga TOU

ewctxou pagiicpov» lĨÀ£yở-

vog~: «H Paoia, odevovtac

TIQOS TOV KaTITAALOLO, Boicxe-

TOL TMOG oO Eva otavecdoop,

duos uovởxơ rị ôtÈEoôoc 7tou

obnyel OTOV KATITAMOLO Eival

O pevoefixiopos dev eyxaté-

AEVPE MOTE AUTH THV GIopn

œvowtrtn “Evag tedmog pac CQIIOPEVEL Ya Va TOAELTPOOULLE TOV KATUTOALCLO vor TOV Bon- fiooupe va avantuy bei dco

to Suvatév mo yeryyooa.»

Kl EMEIT Ol €PTA1€2Z;

- TI PoAo OA MAIZ0YME MEZA Z'OAA AYTA;

O Tedton Emarge taoa pw’ Eva xawovelo yaoti Pati

Ba ‘moere o1 xaftvotegnpéves ywQeG va axodAovbrjoouv

tov idto SQdu0 pe TIS avantTUYpEevEs; “Omas elvar

(UƠLX#O, OL LOEESG QUYEC ÔNHILOỦOYVTỊG0V Eva ENYA YE TIC

amowpets tov Sutmoevgamciwv cootaktotwv BEBaia o

TQÖTGKL ÕEV T|tŒV O MEewWTOS NOV yoNomomoiNnoE Tig

heEeig Otaoxno exavcotaon Kar o Mag& xa o

Kaoutoxt eixav outntycet yia TH «BlaQxelay TNS

emavactaons OVTE Xai NTAV O MEwTOG TOU

AVUANPONKE THY LN AOTIXT LOE THs Eavaotacns

Moinpa ano trv Ayylixt) Exavéotacn tov 1642

Here you may see what’s very rare, The world turn’d upside down

A tree and castle in the air ;

A man walk on his crown

E6m [|ÀÈTtETE XỚTYL TOÀÚ onavo,

tov xoouO avanodoyugiopevo,

béviIed Xa 7TYUQYOUG đtOoY đẻoẲœ-

évav ủvŨoo1o va negmarder Hrav opms 0 mewtog pagkiotys mou avémrute pic

WE TO KEPAM, Matavtac om ovyxooTHEevyn Bewoia THS EWOLKNE ETTAVaoTAONs, XOO0wvG TOU — Bewgia Mov vmOyEaUUICE TOV NYETLKO QOAG TOU

ø TIQOAETAQLATOU THV TOAEWY

Teapovtas to PiPAio «<Luumegdouata xat

Tooomuxég» (1906), Siactumm@ver tig eEeg Mov ba

VITEQUOMOTEL UEXOL TO TEAOS THS Cwrs TOV

43