--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---7 'ISO 3767-1:1998, Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment — Symbols for operator control and other display
General
All power-driven components, excluding the cutting mechanisms and ground-contacting parts of pedestrian-controlled self-propelled lawnmowers, must be adequately guarded to prevent contact during normal operation.
All openings and safety distances shall conform to '4.2.4.2 and 4.2.4.3 of EN ISO 13857:2008( unless otherwise specified in this standard
Rotating covers or discs shall have a continuous unbroken or smooth surface
Guards shall be provided to prevent accidental contact with hazardous servicing points when the machine is serviced as %recommended by the instruction manual.&
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When a guard is intended to be opened or removed, revealing a potential hazard, it is essential to place a safety sign that warns of the hazard either on the guard itself or near the hazard.
Where a guard is so positioned that it can be used as a step, it shall withstand a force of 1200 N
Compliance shall be checked by inspection and measurement
Machinery must adhere to the safety requirements and protective measures outlined in this clause Furthermore, the design of the machine should align with the principles of EN ISO 12100, addressing relevant but not significant hazards that are not covered by this document.
All guards on the machine must be permanently fixed and can only be removed with tools Exceptions to this rule include: a) interlocked guards that disable moving parts, which can be opened without tools; b) hinged guards for grass discharge chutes that automatically close; and c) access to the engine compartment of machines equipped with operator presence controls that stop the engine.
Fixed guards intended for removal during maintenance, as outlined in the operator's manual, must be secured with systems that require tools for opening or removal These securing systems should remain connected to either the guards or the machinery when the guards are taken off.
Where possible, fixed guards shall be incapable of remaining in place without their fixings.(
To ensure safety during the normal starting, mounting, and operation of the machine, a guard must be installed to prevent accidental contact with any exposed engine exhaust components larger than 10 cm² that have a surface temperature exceeding 80 °C at an ambient temperature of (20 ± 3) °C.
NOTE The temperature of 80 °C is to be reviewed at the next revision of this standard taking into account any relevant values given in 'EN ISO 13732-1(
The temperature measuring equipment shall have an accuracy of ± 4 °C
The engine must be run at its maximum operating speed until the surface temperatures stabilize Testing should take place in a shaded environment, and temperature readings will be adjusted by accounting for the difference between the specified ambient temperature and the actual test ambient temperature.
Identify the hot surface area(s) on the engine exhaust system
When the distance from the identified hot area to the nearest control exceeds 100 mm, cone A (refer to Figure 1) must be utilized Conversely, if this distance is less than 100 mm, cone B (also shown in Figure 1) should be employed.
For Cone A, position the cone's axis at any angle between 0° and 180° relative to the horizontal, ensuring the cone tip is directed downward Then, move the cone closer to the hot surface.
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12 moved in an upwards direction When moving the cone, determine if contact is made with the hot surface area(s) with the cone tip or conical surface of the cone
Cone B shall be moved in any direction
According to section 4.1.3.3, when tested with the equipment specified in 4.1.3.2, the tip or conical surface of cone A or B must not touch the hot surface of the exhaust system outlined in section 4.1.3.1.
Engine exhaust, where provided, shall not be directed towards the operator
On machines equipped with an enclosure for the operator, the engine exhaust shall not be directed towards the enclosure or the air inlet to the enclosure
To ensure operator safety, pressurized hoses, lines, and components must be positioned or shielded to prevent fluid discharge directly onto the operator in the event of a rupture.
Liquid containers, batteries, fuel systems, oil reservoirs, and coolant systems must be designed to prevent spillage for at least one minute when filled to the maximum level as per the instruction manual This requirement applies while the machine is tilted at 20° laterally and 30° longitudinally, or at its stability limit as defined in the stability test for ride-on machines It is important to note that weeping at vent systems is not classified as spillage.
Ride-on machines must be equipped with an operator seat and foot rests In cases where there is no floor beneath the driver's feet, foot rests are required, and they should be covered with slip-resistant material to ensure safety.
Where the operator sits astride the frame of the machine and holds handlebars the requirements of 4.1.7.2 shall not apply
For ride-on machines, the seat index point must be positioned at least 500 mm from the blade tip circle, measured as a chain dimension around any fixed components, in accordance with EN ISO 5353 standards.
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1 seat index point 5 fixed component
2 seat 6 chain dimension – seat index point to blade tip circle
4 cutting means enclosure 7 ground surface
Figure 2 — Example of chain distance measurement from Seat index point to blade tip circle&&&&
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For machines with a cutting width of 1200 mm or less, the operator's seat must feature a rear buttock support that is at least 115 mm high to ensure the operator's safety Additionally, the seat must have a minimum width of 400 mm.
For machines with a width of cut greater than 1200 mm the dimensions and longitudinal adjustment of the driver's seat shall conform to the requirements of ISO 4253:1993
%Operator controls other than those for:
fixed blade (on-cut) setting or adjustment on cylinder lawnmowers;
grass catcher discharge arrangements shall meet the requirements of 4.1.8.1.2 or 4.1.8.1.3, whichever is applicable, and the following:
Specific requirements for rotary lawnmowers
4.2.1 General construction of rotary lawnmowers
The cutting means enclosure must extend at least 3 mm below the blade tip circle, with exceptions noted in section 4.2.1.1.2 and at the grass discharge opening Additionally, if the bolt heads of the blade-securing screws protrude below the cutting means enclosure, they must be positioned within the inner 50% of the blade tip circle diameter.
Any extension of the blade enclosure walls near the discharge opening, including those of the discharge chute, that does not meet the specified requirements will be classified as part of the discharge opening These walls must pass the foot probe test (refer to section 4.2.2.6) and comply with all other applicable standards.
For pedestrian-controlled machines, the operator's side must feature a rear wall or barrier of the cutting means enclosure that extends a minimum of 120 mm from the closest point of the blade tip circle and inclines at an angle no greater than 5° from the horizontal.
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%Figure 5&&&& — Handle distance (see 4.2.3.1.1) and rear %%%%cutting means&&&& enclosure (see
NOTE Limits of blade enclosure front opening are 50° maximum or cutting width, whichever is the narrowest
%Figure 6&&&& — Front opening restrictions for single spindle lawnmowers (see 4.2.1.1.2)
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NOTE Limits of blade enclosure front opening are 50° maximum or cutting width, whichever is the narrowest
%Figure 7&&&& — Front opening restrictions for multi-spindle lawnmowers (see 4.2.1.1.2)
Machines can feature a front opening in the front wall with a maximum width as illustrated in Figures 6 and 7 To comply with safety standards, two conditions must be met: first, the machines must pass the foot probe test outlined in section 4.2.2.6; second, all tangential lines extending from the blade tip circle, either at or above the plane of the blade tip circle and in the direction of the cutting means' rotation, must intersect the enclosure structure of the cutting means.
NOTE %Figure 8& shows an example of a structure meeting this requirement
When open discharge chutes are used, any tangential line from the blade tip circle that extends into the operator zone must first contact the cutting means enclosure or guard before intersecting the operator zone in the direction of rotation.
Grass catchers do not need to pass the tangential line test; however, if the chute is not fully covered by the catcher, the tangential line test applies to any uncovered openings in the catcher or guard.
The tangential lines referred to in 4.2.1.1.2 and 4.2.1.1.3 shall be proved by means of a 3 mm diameter rod applied with minimal force from the outside of the machine
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Swinging guards that need to be adjusted for the grass catcher will automatically revert to the closed position upon removal of the catcher These guards are classified as integral components of the cutting means enclosure as outlined in section 4.2.1.1.
Pedestrian-controlled %machines& shall be fitted with a device on the control handle which will automatically stop %cutting means& rotation when the operator's hands are removed from the handle
NOTE This may be accomplished, for example, either by stopping the drive motor or by an intermediate blade brake/clutch mechanism
1 exposed blades can be seen
3 tangential lines from blade tip circle intercept vertical baffles
%Figure 8&&&& — Construction for front opening (4.2.1.1.2)
To restart cutting means and rotation, the control must involve two distinct actions If both actions are performed with the same hand, they must be clearly differentiated to avoid any accidental activation.
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Ride-on machines shall be fitted with a device which will automatically stop rotation of the %cutting means& when the operator leaves the normal operating position
NOTE If the operator returns to the operator's position before the %cutting means& have stopped, the %cutting means& may automatically resume operation
Starting of the %cutting means& shall require intentional reactivation by a means other than the operator presence control after stopping
For pedestrian-controlled machines, specific stopping times for cutting means are established based on cutting width: a) for cutting widths up to and including 600 mm, the cutting means must cease operation within 3 seconds after the operator releases the controls; b) for cutting widths greater than 600 mm, the cutting means must stop within 5 seconds after the controls are released.
For ride-on machines, specific stopping times for cutting means are required: a) for cutting widths up to 1200 mm, the cutting means must cease from maximum rotational speed within 5 seconds after the operator exits the operating position; b) for cutting widths exceeding 1200 mm, the cutting means must stop within 7 seconds after the operator leaves the operating position.
4.2.1.3.2.3 Measurement of %%%%cutting means&&&& stopping time
Before testing, the machine must be assembled and adjusted according to the instruction manual Petrol-powered lawnmowers should be "run in" for the duration specified by the manufacturer.
The machine must be assembled and adjusted according to the manufacturer's instructions before testing It should undergo a run-in period of either 15 minutes or as specified by the manufacturer, whichever is shorter During this run-in, the operator presence control for the cutting means must be activated 10 times Additionally, battery-powered lawnmowers should be connected to an external power source to mimic a fully charged battery.
The machines must be installed and equipped to ensure that test results remain unaffected If an external starting device is utilized, it should not impact the outcomes Additionally, a mechanism must be in place to detect when the cutting means operator is present and another to monitor the movement of the cutting means.
The time recording measurement system shall have a total accuracy of 25 ms and any tachometers used shall have %an accuracy of 2,5% of the reading& The ambient test temperature shall be 20 °C ± 5 °C.
During testing, the operation of the machines must ensure that the operator presence control for the cutting means is abruptly released from the full "on" position, allowing it to automatically return to the "idle" or "off" position.
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Stopping time is measured from the moment of release of the %cutting means& operator presence control until the last time a cutting %means& passes the sensing device
The lawnmower will undergo a series of 5000 stop/start cycles, which do not need to be performed continuously Maintenance and adjustments must be carried out according to the instruction manual during the testing phase, but no maintenance or adjustments are allowed after completing 4500 cycles.
Figure 9 gives a schematic representation of two cycles Each cycle shall consist of the following sequence:
- accelerate the %cutting means& from rest to the maximum operating engine/motor speed (m) - (time
- hold it at this speed for a short time to ensure that it is stable - (time = tr);
- release the operator presence control that controls the %cutting means& and allow the %cutting means& to come to rest - (time = tb);
- allow a short time at rest before commencing the next cycle - (time = to)
%Figure 9&&&& - Example of test cycles
Specific requirements for cylinder lawnmowers
Cutting cylinders must be securely guarded on both sides as well as the front and rear This ensures that a vertical test rod, measuring 50 mm in diameter and 500 mm in length, cannot come within 10 mm of the cylinder blades when any grass catcher is removed.
4.3.1.2 Cutting cylinders shall be covered at the sides with guards extending at least as shown in
Cutting cylinders of free discharge and rear discharge machines must be equipped with a guard that extends sufficiently to ensure its horizontal projection covers at least the area of the cylinder's projection on the same plane, especially when the grass catcher is removed (refer to Figure 21).
Cutting cylinders of front discharge machines must be equipped with a rear guard that extends to ensure its vertical projection covers from the top of the cylinder to within 25 mm of the bottom.
NOTE 1 Free discharge denotes throwing out grass clippings without guiding or collecting
NOTE 2 Rear discharge denotes throwing out grass clippings so that they will be collected in a grass catcher which is located behind the cylinder
NOTE 3 Front discharge denotes throwing out grass clippings so that they will be collected in a grass catcher which is located in front of the cylinder
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''' 'Figure 19 — Test of cylinder guarding (see 4.3.1.1)((((
' ' ''Figure 20(((( — Side coverage of cylinders (see 4.3.1.2)
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'' ''Figure 21 — Top coverage of cylinders (see 4.3.1.3)((((
' ' ''Figure 22 — Rear coverage of cylinders (see 4.3.1.4)((( (
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1 handle end at highest position
' '' 'Figure 23(((( — Cylinder mower - Throw line (see 4.3.2.1) 4.3.2 Thrown grass, thrown objects, operator safety
NOTE Front discharge machines are not required to be tested
Rear discharge and free discharge machines must be equipped with a non-detachable guard that restricts the throw line to a maximum height of 1 meter in the vertical plane of the handle grips The throw line is defined as the steepest line in a vertical plane, tangential to the cutting cylinder's periphery in the direction of rotation, without intersecting any guard or other components of the lawnmower Measurements should be conducted at the least favorable height of cut setting.
For free and rear discharge type machines, the throw line must not cross the vertical plane at the front edge of the driver's seat above the upper surface of the seat This requirement is to be assessed with the seat in its least favorable adjustment and loaded with a weight of (75 + 5) kg Compliance must be verified across a width of 400 mm on either side of the seat's center line.
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4.3.3.1.1 The end of the handle adjacent to the operator shall be either at least 450 mm horizontally behind the rear vertical tangent of the cylinder, or 4.3.3.1.2 applies
If the handle's end near the operator is positioned less than 450 mm horizontally behind the rear vertical tangent of the cylinder, it is necessary to conduct a foot probe test to meet the specified requirements.
The foot probe must be applied exclusively from the operating position side, with its sole held horizontally at any height It can then be tilted forward or backward by up to 15 degrees from the horizontal, ensuring that it does not make contact with the cutting cylinder.
Pedestrian-controlled %machines& shall be fitted with a device on the control handle which will automatically stop cutting cylinder rotation when the operator's hands are removed from the handle
NOTE This may be accomplished for instance by stopping the drive motor or by an intermediate cutting cylinder clutch/brake mechanism
To restart the rotation of the cutting cylinder, two distinct actions are required by the control system If both actions are performed with the same hand, they must be clearly differentiated to avoid any accidental activation.
4.3.3.3 Brake requirements and test method
The brake requirements and test method shall be in accordance with 4.2.3.2
4.3.3.4 Trailing seat units (sulky units)
Trailing seat units shall be in accordance with 4.2.3.3
4.3.4 Ride-on (riding) cylinder lawnmowers
Ride-on machines must be equipped with a safety device that halts the rotation of the cutting cylinder when the operator vacates the designated operating position If the operator returns before the cylinder has completely stopped, the cutting cylinder(s) can automatically restart However, to initiate the cylinder's operation again, intentional reactivation is necessary through a method that is distinct from the operator presence control after it has been stopped.
4.3.4.2 Brake requirements and test method
The brake requirements and test method shall be in accordance with 4.2.4.1
4.3.4.3 Stability requirements and test method
The stability requirements and test method shall be in accordance with 4.2.4.2
4.3.4.4 Guarding of power driven components
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Hitches shall be in accordance with 4.2.5.1
4.3.5.2 PTO’s, PTO drive shafts to power source and guarding requirements
PTO’s, PTO drive shafts to power source and guarding requirements shall be in accordance with 4.2.5.2
Controls shall be in accordance with 4.2.5.3