Bsi bs en 00370 1993 (1999)

00302698 PDF BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 370 1993 Wood preservatives — Determination of eradicant efficacy in preventing emergence of Anobium punctatum (De Geer) The European Standard EN 370 1993 has the s[.]

BRITISH STANDARD BS EN

370:1993

Wood preservatives —

Determination of

eradicant efficacy in

preventing emergence

of Anobium punctatum

(De Geer)

The European Standard EN 370:1993 has the status of a

British Standard

UDC 74.048.4:620.193.87

This British Standard, having

been prepared under the

direction of the Technical

Sector Board for Building

and Civil Engineering,

was published under the

authority of the Standards

Board and comes

into effect on

15 May 1993

© BSI 12-1999

The following BSI references

relate to the work on this

standard:

Committee reference B/515

Draft for comment 90/54561 DC

The European Committee for Standardization (CEN), under whose supervision this European Standard was prepared, comprises the national standards organizations of the following countries:

Austria Oesterreichisches Normungsinstitut Belgium Institut belge de normalisation Denmark Dansk Standardiseringsraad Finland Suomen Standardisoimisliito, r.y

France Association française de normalisation Germany Deutsches Institut für Normung e.V

Greece Hellenic Organization for Standardization Iceland Technological Institute of Iceland

Ireland National Standards Authority of Ireland Italy Ente Nazionale Italiano di Unificazione Luxembourg Inspection du Travail et des Mines Netherlands Nederlands Normalisatie-instituut Norway Norges Standardiseringsforbund Portugal Instituto Portuguès da Qualidade Spain Asociación Española de Normalización y Certificación Sweden Standardiseringskommissionen i Sverige

Switzerland Association suisse de normalisation United Kingdom British Standards Institution

Amendments issued since publication

Amd No Date Comments

BS EN 370:1993

Contents

Page Cooperating organizations Inside front cover

National annex NA (informative) Committees responsible Inside back cover National annex NB (informative) Cross-references Inside back cover

This British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Technical Sector Board for Building and Civil Engineering and is the English language

version of EN 370:1993 Wood preservatives — Determination of eradicant efficacy

in preventing emergence of Anobium punctatum (De Geer), published by the

European Committee for Standardization (CEN) EN 370:1993 was produced as

a result of international discussion in which the United Kingdom took an active part

CAUTION Attention is drawn to the Health and Safety at Work etc Act 1974, and a need for ensuring that the method specified in this British Standard is carried out with suitable precautions

The procedure described in this British Standard is intended to be carried out by appropriately qualified and experienced persons or other suitably trained and/or supervised personnel Attention is drawn to the precautions given in the

introduction and 5.3.2.

A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application

Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.

Summary of pages

This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, the EN title page, pages 2 to 14, an inside back cover and a back cover

This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had

EUROPEAN STANDARD

NORME EUROPÉENNE

EUROPÄISCHE NORM

EN 370

April 1993

UDC 74.048.4:620.193.87

Descriptors: Wood, wood preservatives, insecticides, pesticides, pest control, laboratory tests, determination, effectiveness, anobiidae

English version

Wood preservatives — Determination of eradicant efficacy

in preventing emergence of Anobium punctatum (De Geer)

Produits de préservation du bois —

Détermination de l’efficacité curative contre

l’émergence d’Anobium punctatum (De Geer)

Holzschutzmittel — Bestimmung der auf Schlupfverhinderung beruhenden

bekämpfenden Wirksamkeit gegenüber

Anobium punctatum

(De Geer)

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1993-03-31 CEN members

are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which

stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a

national standard without any alteration

Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national

standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any

CEN member

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French,

German) A version in any other language made by translation under the

responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the

Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium,

Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,

Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and

United Kingdom

CEN

European Committee for Standardization Comité Européen de Normalisation Europäisches Komitee für Normung

Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels

© 1993 Copyright reserved to CEN members

Ref No EN 370:1993 E

This European Standard was drawn up by the

“Anobium” Expert Group of CEN/TC 38 “Durability

of wood and wood-based products”, the secretariat of

which is held by AFNOR

The method is new and has been developed to assess

the efficacy of eradicant formulations based on

non-penetrating fluids which act only on emerging

adult beetles and not at depth on larvae established

in the wood

This European Standard shall be given the status

of a national standard, either by publication of

an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by

October 1993, and conflicting national standards

shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 1993

This European Standard has been approved by

CEN and in accordance with the Common

CEN/CENELEC Rules, the following countries are

bound to implement this European Standard:

Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France,

Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,

Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal,

Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom

Contents

Page

2 Normative references 3

5 Test materials and apparatus 3

10 Expression of results 7

Annex A (informative) Example

Annex B (informative) Culturing for

technique of Anobium punctatum 12 Annex C (informative) Bibliography 13 Figure 1a — Number and distribution

of test specimens taken from three different trees of the same species 8 Figure 1b — Origin and cutting

Figure 2 — Preparation of subspecimens 10 Figure 3 — Distribution of holes

Table 1 — Numbers of larvae 4

EN 370:1993

Introduction

This European Standard describes a laboratory

method of test which gives a basis for assessment of

the eradicant efficacy of a wood preservative, in

preventing emergence of Anobium punctatum It

determines the lethal effects, of an insecticidal

product, deposited by surface application, on beetles

attempting to emerge through treated wood

surfaces

The method simulates conditions which can appear

in practice where a length of timber infested with

Anobium punctatum is treated on all the sides from

which emergence of beetles is possible

This laboratory method provides one criterion by

which the value of a product can be assessed In

making this assessment the methods by which the

preservative may be applied should be taken into

account It is further recommended that results

from this test should be supplemented by those from

other appropriate tests, and above all by comparison

with practical experience

When products which are very active at low

concentrations are used it is very important to take

suitable precautions to isolate and separate, as far

as possible, operations involving chemical products,

other products, treated wood, laboratory apparatus

and clothing Suitable precautions should include

the use of separate rooms, areas within rooms,

extraction facilities, conditioning chambers and

special training for personnel

1 Scope

This European Standard specifies a method for the

determination of the curative action of a wood

preservative against infestation by Anobium

punctatum (De Geer) when the product is applied as

a surface treatment to wood

This method is applicable to any surface applied

treatment that is intended to prevent emergence of

adult beetles but not intended to kill larvae in

infested timber

NOTE 1 This method may be used in conjunction with an

ageing procedure, for example EN 73.

NOTE 2 Products intended to kill larvae should be tested by the

method described in EN 48.

2 Normative references

This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other

publications These normative references are cited

at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions

of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by

amendment or revision For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies

ISO 835-1:1981, Laboratory glassware —

Graduated pipettes — Part 1: General requirements

ISO 3696:1987, Water for analytical laboratory

use — Specification and test methods

3 Definitions

For the purposes of this standard, the following definitions apply

3.1 representative sample

a sample having its physical or chemical characteristics identical to the volumetric average characteristics of the total volume being sampled

3.2 supplier

the sponsor of the test

4 Principle

Preservative is applied by brush or pipette into test specimens of a susceptible timber After drying the test specimens are cut into two subspecimens and

larvae of Anobium punctatum are introduced into

the freshly-cut end grain surfaces

After allowing larvae to establish, the untreated faces are sealed and insects are induced to pupate and emerge The numbers of beetles that emerge and the population that remains within the specimens are compared with those in untreated controls

5 Test materials and apparatus

5.1 Biological material

5.1.1 Anobium punctatum (De Geer) larvae

NOTE The culturing technique, which experience has shown to

be suitable, is described in Annex B.

5.1.2 Provision of larvae

Carefully split or crumble infested small branchwood to extract larvae Examine them under

a binocular miscroscope and destroy any that show injury or mite infestation or that do not respond by movement when touched

Weigh the larvae and keep those that have a mass

between 7 mg and 12 mg, and are in perfect

condition Keep them, for between 12 h and 60 h,

separately from one another in glass receptacles in

the culturing chamber (5.3.1) Re-examine them

and reject any which do not show movement in

response to stimulation with a fine brush

5.1.3 Choice of larvae

Select sets of 12 larvae so that the total mass of each

set is between 100 mg and 125 mg

The numbers of larvae required are shown in

Table 1

Table 1 — Numbers of larvae

NOTE Additional larvae may be required to replace larvae

which do not establish in the test subspecimens.

5.2 Products and reagents

5.2.1 Water, complying with grade 3 of ISO 3696.

5.2.2 Gelatin, for sealing the relevant surfaces of

specimens to be treated with solutions in which an

organic solvent is the continuous phase

5.2.3 Paraffin wax, for sealing the relevant surfaces

of specimens to be treated with solutions in which

water is the continuous phase

NOTE Paraffin wax with a setting point of 52 °C to 54 °C has

been found to be suitable.

5.3 Apparatus

5.3.1 Culturing chamber, with air circulation,

controlled at (21 ± 1) °C, and at relative

humidity (80 ± 5) %

5.3.2 Laboratory work area, well ventilated, where

treatment of the test specimens is carried out

CAUTION It is essential to follow safety procedures

for handling flammable and toxic materials Avoid

excessive exposure of operators to solvents or their

vapours

5.3.3 Testing chamber, ventilated, controlled

at (21 ± 1) °C and at relative humidity (70 ± 5) %

5.3.4 Low temperature regime chamber, either:

ventilated and controlled to provide a continuous

temperature regime with consecutive cycles

of 12 h at (6 ± 1) °C and 12 h at (13 ± 1) °C;

or:

ventilated and controlled at (6 ± 1) °C and relative humidity (70 ± 5) %

5.3.5 Drill, provided with bits capable of drilling

smooth cylindrical holes of 2 mm diameter in wood

5.3.6 Plastics plates, of opaque unplasticized

PVC, 50 mm × 30 mm × 1 mm

5.3.7 Safety equipment and protective clothing,

appropriate for the test product and the test solvent,

to ensure the safety of the operator

5.3.8 Pipette, of type specified in ISO 835-1,

class B: graduated pipette with no waiting time Capacity from 0,5 ml to 25 ml with an accuracy

of ± 0,01 ml

5.3.9 Ordinary laboratory equipment, including a

balance capable of weighing to an accuracy of 0,01 g

6 Sampling

The sample of preservative shall be representative

of the product to be tested Samples shall be stored and handled in accordance with any written recommendations from the supplier

NOTE For the sampling of preservatives from bulk supplies, the procedure given in EN 212 should be used.

7 Test specimens

7.1 Species of wood

The test shall be carried out on Pinus sylvestris

(Linnaeus) European redwood, Scots pine

NOTE Additional tests may be made with other species such as

beech (Fagus sylvatica) (Linnaeus) but, if so, this should be stated

in the test report.

7.2 Quality of wood

Use only sound sapwood, straight-grained and without knots and bark

The wood shall have an average growth of between two annual growth rings per 10 mm and eight annual growth rings per 10 mm (two annual growth rings per 10 mm to six annual rings per 10 mm for beech)

NOTE 1 It is recommended to use test specimens of similar growth rate within a single test.

Only sapwood with a low resin content shall be used The proportion of summer wood in the annual rings shall not exceed 30 % of the whole

The wood shall have been neither floated nor subjected to chemical or heat treatment It shall be air dried and shall not have been stored for more than five years

NOTE 2 Gentle artificial drying at below 60 °C may be used.

Number of

formulations

to be tested

Number of test specimens (100 mm × 50 mm × 30 mm)

required

Total number of larvae required Untreated

controls specimens Treated

1

2

3

4

3

8

6

6

3 6 9 12

144 216 360 432

EN 370:1993

7.3 Provision of test specimens

Select the test specimens (which are subsequently

cut into two subspecimens) for each test from three

trees For each test the test specimens from each

tree shall all be selected from within a 1 m length of

the tree measured in the direction of the grain

Select the specimens as shown in Figure 1a

Cut the test specimens from scantlings or beams, so

that, on the transverse cross section, the annual

growth rings form an angle of 45° ± 10° with the

longitudinal faces (see Figure 1b)

The test specimens shall be planed

7.4 Dimensions of test specimens

The dimensions of each test specimen, measured

at 12 % (m/m) moisture content shall be:

(100 ± 0,5) mm × (50 ± 0,5) mm × (30 ± 0,5) mm

NOTE Moisture meters of the two-pronged electrical

conductivity type are suitable for assessing moisture content.

Mark each specimen so that it can be identified

throughout the test

7.5 Number of test specimens

Use, for a single preservative, applied at a single

concentration, by a single method of treatment:

— 3 treated test specimens (one per tree);

— 3 untreated control specimens (one per tree)

If the examination involves several preservatives,

concentrations or methods of treatment at the same

time, three untreated control specimens shall be

used for two sets of three treated test specimens

(see Figure 1a)

8 Procedure

8.1 Preparation of the test specimens

8.1.1 Sealing of the transverse faces

Seal the transverse cross sections:

8.1.1.1 For tests with solutions in which water is the

continuous phase, apply three coats of the paraffin

wax (5.2.3) at about 90 °C so that the first coat

adheres closely to the wood and the successive

coatings bond to one another

8.1.1.2 For tests with preservative solutions in

which the continuous phase is an organic solvent

that dissolves paraffin wax, use the gelatin (5.2.2);

apply the first coat with an aqueous solution

of 200 g/l at 40 °C, then after a minimum of 8 h of

drying, apply two further coats of an aqueous

solution of 300 g/l at 50 °C

8.1.2 Treatment of test specimens

8.1.2.1 Preparation of treatment solution

8.1.2.1.1 Solid preservatives: water soluble

preservatives

Dissolve the preservative in the water (5.2.1) to the

required concentrations

8.1.2.1.2 Liquid preservatives

If appropriate, use the preservative without further preparation other than any necessary stirring If it

is a concentrate, dilute it with the diluent to the required working concentration, using the procedure specified by the supplier

All treatment solutions shall be freshly prepared

8.1.2.2 Application of the treatment solution

Determine the actual area of each unsealed surface

to be treated taking into account any possible encroachment of the sealing compound

NOTE 1 The area to be treated is theoretically 160 cm 2 Determine the volumes or masses of the treatment

solution (8.1.2.1) to be applied to each unsealed face

to give the application rate specified by the supplier NOTE 2 The quantity of treatment solution to be applied should be realistic in view of the field of application and the supplier’s instructions Normally the quantity should not exceed 250 g/m 2

In the laboratory work area (5.3.2), using either the pipette (5.3.8) or a brush, apply respectively the

calculated volume or mass of the treatment

solution (8.1.2.1) to each of the unsealed faces as

uniformly as possible and measured to the nearest 0,01 ml or 0,01 g When applying by

pipette (5.3.8) use pen-like zig-zag movements

across each surface Apply the treatment solution to each face whilst keeping that face in a horizontal and upward facing position Allow any surface liquid to be absorbed into each face before treating the next face

NOTE 3 If the required quantity cannot be applied in one application the treatment solution may be applied in successive applications at appropriately close intervals so as to avoid solidification of any substances hindering the penetration of the subsequent applications.

If brush application is used, weigh the specimens before and immediately after each brush application

to determine the mass applied

From the quantity of treatment solution applied to each face of each treated test specimen, determine and record the application rate in grams per square metre (brush application) or millilitres per square metre (pipette application) of the treated test specimens

8.1.2.3 Conditioning of the test specimens after

treatment

After treatment, condition the specimens for four

weeks in the laboratory work area (5.3.2) Arrange

the specimens on their narrow faces, resting on glass rods, not touching one another Invert the specimens twice a week

If the test specimens shall be subjected to an ageing

procedure (e.g EN 73) this shall be carried out after

this conditioning procedure

8.2 Exposure of the test specimens to the

insects

8.2.1 Preparation of subspecimens

Cross-cut each specimen, at its centre as shown in

Figure 2 Then cross-cut each piece to remove the

sealed transverse face to give a subspecimen 45 mm

long

8.2.2 Insertion of larvae

Keep all the subspecimens in the testing

chamber (5.3.3) for two weeks before drilling the

holes to take the larvae

Using the drill (5.3.5), drill six cylindrical holes

approximately 8 mm deep in the two transverse

cross sections of each subspecimen Drill a pattern

of holes in two lines of three, 10 mm from the large

faces of the subspecimen with a distance between

the holes in the same row of 15 mm and a distance

between the two rows of 10 mm (see Figure 3)

Insert the selected larvae head first, one into each of

the 12 holes of each of the six treated subspecimens

(derived from the three treated specimens) and six

untreated control subspecimens, (derived from

three untreated control specimens)

Close the entrances to the holes by means of 2 glass

plates and fix these to the test subspecimen by

means of a narrow adhesive tape or elastic rubber

bands

NOTE 1 Ordinary microscope slides have been found suitable

for use as glass plates.

NOTE 2 It is also possible to insert the larvae in two stages

First, larvae are inserted in one end only of each subspecimen

and the subspecimens are left for one week with the ends

containing the larvae uppermost After one week, the

subspecimens are inverted and the larvae are inserted into the

second end.

Keep the subspecimens in the testing

chamber (5.3.3) for one week, placing them on one of

their wider lateral faces At the end of this period

remove the glass plates to establish whether

individual larvae have tunnelled into the test

subspecimens Actively tunnelling larvae will have

obscured the hole entrances with excreted frass

Replace any larvae which do not start boring then

seal the end grain surfaces with opaque plastics

plate (5.3.6) affixed with an adhesive containing no

ingredients or solvents which would have a toxic

effect on the insects

NOTE 3 Latex rubber solution or gelatine solution have been

found to be suitable.

8.2.3 Conditioning of infested subspecimens to

induce emergence

Keep the subspecimens, complete with larvae, in the

testing chamber (5.3.3) for a further three weeks

Then place the subspecimens in a low temperature

regime chamber (5.3.4) to stimulate pupation of

larvae

NOTE 1 The following regimes have been found to produce adequate levels of pupation in certain countries, either:

10 weeks at (6 ± 1) °C, or;

10 weeks of a regime of 12 hours at (6 ± 1) °C followed by 12 hours at (13 ± 1) °C.

NOTE 2 Other low temperature regimes may also be used provided that they produce emergence from untreated controls which complies with the criteria for the validity of the test

(clause 9).

At the end of the low temperature regime replace

the subspecimens in the testing chamber (5.3.3).

8.3 Examination of subspecimens

Examine the subspecimens each week to establish the number of exit holes or emerged beetles Remove and record any beetles found Emergence may begin from 8 to 16 weeks after removal from the low temperature regime and usually lasts two to four weeks

When no further beetles or exit holes have been observed for four weeks, record the total number of exit holes on each subspecimen If less than 30 of the insects in the untreated control subspecimens from

a test of a single product have emerged 24 weeks after removal of the subspecimens from the low temperature regime then repeat the low temperature regime on both the treated and untreated subspecimens Also repeat the examination procedure at weekly intervals until no further beetles have been observed for four weeks Record the start of emergence and the number of cycles of the low temperature regime

Record the numbers of beetles emerging from each treated subspecimen and each untreated control subspecimen and the number of exit holes on each subspecimen

Record the number of larvae and beetles retrieved

by cutting up each subspecimen at the end of the test, separating them into:

— dead or moribund larvae or pupae;

— live larvae or pupae;

— dead or moribund beetles;

— live beetles

Determine and record the number of insects not recovered