Bsi bs au 234 1989 (1999) iso 8856 1988

BRITISH STANDARD AUTOMOBILE SERIES BS AU 234 1989 ISO 8856 1988 Methods of test and general requirements for road vehicle starter motors BS AU 234 1989 This British Standard, having been prepared unde[.]

ISO 8856:1988

This Bri shStan ard, ha ing

b en pre ared u der the

directonof the Automo ile

Stan ards Policy Commi e ,

waspublished u der the

authoriyof the Bo rd of BSI

an comes into efect on

2 Se temb r1 8

© BSI 1 -1 9

The folowing BSI references

relate to the work on this

stan ard:

Commi e reference AUE/16

Draft for comment8 / 70 2 DC

The prep ration of this BritishStand rd was entrusted b the Automobi e

Stand rds Pol cy Commit e ( AUE/-) to Tech ical Commit e AUE/16, upon

which the fol owing bod ies were represented :

Association of Traier Man facturer

British Ca le Maker ’ Confed eration

Dep rtment of Transport ( Hig hway s)

Dep rtment of Transport ( Transport and Roa Resear h La oratory )

Dep rtment of Tra e and Industry

Institution of Electronic and Rad io Eng ine r

National Carav an Cou ci Ltd

Society of Motor Man facturer and Tra er Ltd

Am endm ents is ued sinc publ cation

Amd No Date of is ue Comments

Pag e

Fig ure 1 — V oltag e/cur ent characteristic of starter motor power sup ly 1

Ta le 2 — V oltag e/cur ent characteristic of starter motor power sup ly 2

National foreword

This BritishStand ard has be n prep red u der the direction of the Automobie

Stand ards Pol cy Commit e and is identical with ISO8 5 :19 8 “ R oa d

vehicle —Sta r ter motor s—Te t method s a nd gener a l r equir ements”, publshed

b the International Org anization for Stand ardization ( ISO)

A British Stand ard d oes not purport to includ e al the neces ary prov isions of a

contract User of British Stand rd s are responsible for their cor ect a plcation

Com pl anc with a British Standard does not ofitself confer im m unity

f om leg al o l g ations

Sum mary of pag es

This document comprises a f ont cov er, an insid e font cov er, p g esi andi ,

p g es1 to5 an a b ck cov er

This stand rd has be n up ated ( se copy rig ht d ate) an ma hav e ha

amendments incorporated This wi l be indicated in the amendment ta le on the

inside f ont cov er

1 Scope and field ofappl cation

This International Stand rd lay s down test

method s an g eneral requirements for the

d etermination of the electrical characteristic d ta of

starter motor

It a ples to d.c starter motor mou ted on internal

combustion eng ines for roa v ehicles

2 Definitions

For the purposes of this International Stand rd , the

fol owing d efinitions a ply

2.1

nom inal power

as defined b the starter motor manufacturer; it

cor esponds to the ma imum power output when

tested in ac ord nce with this

InternationalStand ard

2.2

power output

power deriv ed fom measurements of torq ue an

spe d

2.3

power supply

b t ery or simulator which d elv er a v oltag e

characteristic as d efined in this

InternationalStand ard

2.4

v ltag e/cur ent characteristic of power

supply

in the v oltag e/cur ent diag ram, the straig ht l ne

directed downwards The v oltag e v alues are taken

at the starter motor terminals

NOT The characteristc in the v ltag e/cur ent diag ram can b

determined by :

a) two p ir of v lues U

1 , I

1

an U

2 , I

2

;

b) one p ir of v alues U, I an the internal resistance of the

starter motor p wer sup ly;

c)one p ir of v lues U, I an the slo e mV /A

2.5

internal resistanc of the starter m otor

v alue ofthe terminal v oltag e d iv ided b the starter

motor cur ent draw with the armature shaft locked

( no rotation)

3 Test conditions

3.1 Tem perature and time

Tests shal be car ied out at an ambient

temperature of23±5°C

3.1.1 Te t method A

Time for sing le point measurements: 3s

Starter motor at ambient temperature of23±5°C

3.1.2 Te t method B

Total test time: 10s

a) Starter motor at ambient temperature

of23±5°C, or

b) to av oid a ne d for temperature cor ection,the

starter motor preconditioned at20±0,5°C

3.2 Accuracy of m easurem ent

The ov eral ca a i ty of the test equipment shal

ena le the p rameter to be measured within the

tolerances shown in Ta le 1

Ta le 1 — Measurem ent ac uracy

3.3 Voltag e/cur ent characteristic of starter

m otor power supply

The selection of v oltag e/cur ent characteristic shal

be taken f om Ta le 2, shal not exce d the

recommend ations ofthe starter motor

man facturer, an shal me t the b t ery dis harg e

ca a i ity as ag re d betwe n the starter motor

man facturer and the v ehicle man facturer

Fig ure 1 — Voltag e/cur ent characteristic of

starter motor power supply

Param ete

Accuracy

%

Cur ent

Voltag e

Rotational feq uency

Torque

±1

±1

±2

±2

Ta le 2 — Voltag e/cur ent characteristic of

starter motor power supply

3.4 Num ber of tests

In order to ensure uniform fu ctioning of the new

starter motor u der test, the test shal be repeated

thre times: the perormance recorded shal be the

last of these

4 Test benches

The folowing two ty pes of test bench, as shown in

Fig ure 2 andFig ure 3, can be a pl ed

NOT Ge red an non-g eared test b nches prod ce diferent

a p rent p wer an this should b taken into consideraton,

p rtcularly when testng smal p wer starter motor

4.1 Ty e1

The test bench in Fig ure 2 ( ty pe1) al ows

perormance measurements to be esta l shed b

eng ag ing the pinion with a ring -g ear The b cklash

betwe n the pinion an the ring -g ear te th shal be

in ac ord nce with the starter motor man facturer’s

recommend ations

4.2 Ty e2

The test bench in Fig ure 3 ( ty pe2) permits d irect

starter motor measurement at the armature shaft

The starter motor shal be coupled to the test dev ice

coa ial y throug h a suita le couplng The starter

motor end bracket ma be replaced b a special

bracket with bearing to permit couplng to the

starter motor shaft

5.1 Test m etho s

One of the folowing two test methods, A or B, ma

be a pl ed to measure per ormance d ta

5.1.1 Method A—Dis ret e point method

Run the starter motor at v arious d is rete torq ue

loa s and record the torq ue, cur ent, v oltag e an

rotational feq uency at each of these d is rete points

Enoug h points shal be recorded to dev elop a curv e

which shal be plot ed in ac ord ance with this

International Stand rd ( se Fig ure 4)

After each point, the starter motor shal be co led

d own to ambient temperature ( se 3.1.1)

5.1.2 Method B—Cont inuous mode method

Operate the starter motor in a contin ous mode,

inc ease the torq ue loa ( unti the stal point,

if eq uired) whie torque, cur ent, v oltag e an

rotational f equency are automatical y record ed

5.2 Measurem ent cor e tion

5.2.1 Co re tion t o referenc t emperature

o 20°C

In the case where the starter motor temperature is

not20±0,5°C [se 3.1.1 and3.1.2a)] a corr ection

of rotational fequency and torque ma be neces ary

( d epend ing upon the ty pe of field sy stem used )

5.2.2 Co re t ion o to que

5.2.2.1 Cor r ecton o tor que wih iner tia

Torq ue measurement is recorded as either a f ame

reaction or as taken at the torque loa ing point

In the second case the folowing cor ections a ply

a) For a ty pe1 test bench

Cor ection shal be ma e for pinion and

ring -g ear eficiency ( This ty pe of test bench

produces smaler torq ues than a ty pe2 test

bench.)

Nom inal

v lta e

V

Pair of v lues

U

1

V

I

1

A U

2

V

I

2 a

A

I

2 b

A

25

3 0

3 0

4 0

4 0

5 0

5 0

6 0

8 0

9 0

1 0 0

1 20

1 5 0

1 7 0

30 0

3 0

6 0

9 0

120

15 0

5 0

6 0

8 0

9 0

1 0 0

1 20

1 5 0

1 7 0

2 0 0

2 4 0

6 0

9 0

120

15 0

a

Exten ed list

b

S ort list

b) For test method B

Use the folowing cor ection for torq ue, M, for

armature deceleration:

in which

%n is the rotational feq uency d iference

betwe n two braking points ex res ed in

min tes to the power min s one;

% t is the time diference betwe n two

braking points ex res ed in seconds;

J

br

is the moment of inertia of the measuring

d ev ice ex res ed in kiog ram square metres;

J

a

is the moment of inertia of armature an

other rev olv ing p rts ex pres ed in ki og ram

sq uare metres

For starter motor with bui t-n reduction g ear, the

moment of inertia of the armature shal be refer ed

to the pinion shaft

measurd

–M

c r tion

.( 1)

where

M

cor ecton

;×%n

3 ×%t

J

br

a ) +

×

=

Fig ure 2 — Ty e1 test bench

5.2.2.2 Cor r ect on o tor que wih temper a tur e

I the temperature chang es f om t to t , the torque

M

1

as cor ected in5.2.2.1 shal be cor ected in

ac ord ance with the fol owing formula to g iv e

tor queM

2

:

where ¶ is the mag netic induction co ficient of the

permanent mag netic field as a fu ction of

temperature

1)

In the case of a wound field starter motor, ¶=0

5.3 Determination of starter m otor output

characteristic

The power characteristic, P, in kiowat s, of the

starter motor ma be d etermined b

where

M is the torq ue, in newton metres;

n is the rotational feq uency which is the

number of rev olutions d iv ided b time, in

minutes to the power minus one

5.4 Determ ination of rotational f equency

5.4.1 The rotational f eq uency , n, is g iven b the

formula

5.4.2 Freq uency chang e is g eneraly calculated b

comp ring the b ck-electromotiv e for es using the

eq uation

5.4.3 For temperature chang e t to t, in deg re s

Celsius, the starter motor’s internal r esistance

chang es fom R

1

to R

2 R

2

is g iv en b the formula

where µ is the temperature co ficient of

resistance at temperature t for the starter motor

winding material

2)

5.4.4 In the case of permanent mag netic field starter

motor , the mag netic flux Ì chang es with the

temperature t The rotational f eq uency chang e n

1

to n

2

is then calculated using the formula

For ¶ , se 5.2.2.2

5.4.5 To chang e the f eq uency characteristic of a

perormance curv e as in Fig ure 4, the folowing d ata

are taken at suita le steps of cur ent:

a) starter motor rotational f equency , n;

b) terminal v oltag e, U;

c) starter motor resistance, R

5.4.6 The rotational feq uency is cor ected using

eq uation ( 7) at each selected v alue of cur ent and

th s a new f eq uency characteristic curv e is

esta lshed

5.4.7 For chang es in a pl ed v oltag e,the v alue U in

eq uation( 5) is afected, an the rotational

fequency calculated using eq uation ( 7) The power

output characteristic is calculated as in5.3

6 Pr sentation ofr sults

Per ormance characteristic shal be presented in

ac ord nce withFig ure 4 W here neces ary , the

measured p rameter shal be cor ected to the

reference temperature of20°C ( se 5.2.1) and the

test bench employ ed shal be specified

I a calculated v alue of µ is used, the v alue should be

record ed

I so desired, the starter motor per ormance ma be

reproduced as a rotational f eq uency / torq ue

characteristic

M

2

=M

1

[1–¶ (

1

1)

The v lue of ¶ ma v ry b twe n–2 1

–

°C –1

an –2,3×1

–

°C –1

( 3)

( 4)

where

k is a constant depending on the starter

motorsiz ;

E is the b ck-electromotiv e for e;

Ì is the mag netic flux av aia le in the starter

motor field

where

E is the b ck-electromotiv e for e;

U is the a pled v oltag e;

I is the starter motor cur ent;

R is the internal resistance of the starter motor

P

M×n

9 5 9,3

=

E

Ì

-=

R

2

=[ 1+µ (t

2 –t )] × R

1

.( 6)

2)

The v lue of µ for co p r ( 10 %) as in the Internatonal Anne led Co p r Stan ard (ACS),is e ual to ,9 ×1

–3

°C –1

at2 °C For starter motor constructed wih comp sie co p r/ aluminium win ing s,i wil b neces ary to calculate a v lue

forµ

.( 7) n

2 E

2

E

1

1

1 ¶(t

1

2 ) – n

1

×

×

=

Fig ure 4 — Presentation ofresults

ISO 8856:1988

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