giáo án bồi dưỡng học sinh giỏi môn tiếng anh tham khảo

They had never sseen wild animals before - Before a point of time Eg: He hadn’t finished by yesterday evening  As the past equivalence of the present perfect Eg: - I’ve lost my pen -

Ss review the present simple and the present progressive tenses and practice to

do exercises in real situations

Eg: I walk to school

She goes to school

Eg: Do you go to school? Yes, I am/ No, I’m not

Does she go to school? Yes, she does/ No, she doesn’t

Note: The third singular person

- Final ‘-s’ not ‘es’ is added to most verbs Many verbs in ‘-e’ final ‘-s’ is simple added

Eg: visit, answer, speak, write, hope

- Final ‘-es’ is added if the verbs ends in –ch, sh, s, x or z

Eg: catch, wash, pass, buzz, fix

-Fanal’-es’ is added ‘to do’ and ‘go’

If a verd ends in consonant ‘-y’ change the ‘-y’ to ‘-i’ and add ‘-es’

Eg: try - tries , study - studies

If a verb in a vowel + ‘-y’ simply add ‘-s’

Eg: buy - buys ; pay - pays

2 Use

- expresses daily habits or usual activities

Eg: We go to school everyday.

- expresses general statements of fact

Eg: It’s hot in the summer

The earth revolves around the sun

- expresses action or event which are happened in the present

Eg: He says he wants to marry her

- usually the frequency adverbs: never, rarelly, seldom, sometimes, often, usually,always

Eg: I often play badminton

- for the future when we talk about future events that are part of some “officicalarrangement” such as timetable or programme

Eg: Their plane arrives at 2 o’clock in the morning

I’m always on holiday next week

Now

always Past Present - usually

* He is selfish and he is being selfish

I’m being = I’m behaving/I’m acting

Eg: I can’t understand why he’s being so selfish

- He never thinks other people He is very selfish

He isn’t usually like that

( being selfish = behaving selfish at the moment )

( am/ is /are being : hành vi cư sử của ai đó)

II./ PRESENT PROGRESSIVE

1 Form

(+) S + am/is/are + V-ing…

Eg: She is writing a letter every day

I’m going to school by bike now

(-) S + am/is/arenot + V-ing…

Eg: He isn’t writing a letter every day

We aren’t going to school by bike

(? ) Am/is/are + V-ing ?

Eg: Are you writing a letter ? - Yes,I am

- No, I’m not

Is she going to school by bike ? - Yes, she is

- No, she isn’t

Note: V-ing

- Verb ending in ‘e’ drop ‘e’ before adding ‘ing’

Eg: write - writing

- Verb ending in one consonant before it is one vowel double consonant beforeadding ‘ing’

Eg: run - running

- If the verb ends in two consonants, just add ‘ing’

Eg: help – helping

But if the first syllable of a two syllable verb is stressed, don’t double the consonant Eg: visit - visiting

- If the second syllable of a two - syllable verb is stressed, double consonant Eg: prefer – preferring

- If the verb ends in a vowel + -y, keep the -y Don’t change ‘-y’ to ‘-i’

Eg: play – playing

enjoy – enjoying

- If the verb ends in a consonant +- y, keep the ‘–y’ for the ‘–ing’

Eg: worry – worrying

Eg: like, dislike,care,and emotion, hate, love

3 - Certain link verb

Eg: look, seen, sound, feel…

4 - Verb of mantal activity

Eg: agree, think, believe, remember

5 - Verb of possession

Eg: have, belong, own, posses

How munh do I own you?

6 - Modals: except “be, have” in certain use – present progressive never use thestative verbs: know, understand, have, hate, need, hear, love, see, like, smell, want,wish…

2 Use

- expresses an actiavity that is in progress (is occurring/happening) right now Theevent is in progress at the time.The speaker is saying the sentence

Eg: I’m speaking E now

- expresses an action which is happening aroud now but it isn’t necessaryhappening at the moment of speaking

Eg: We’re living in BN district

- expresses an action which is happening with other at the moment

Eg: I’m teaching while you are learning

- expresses a plan in the future

Eg: I’m going to the markert tomorrow

Can use: today, this week/evening…(near time in the furture)

Exercise 1: Change the sentences into negative and interogative.

1- Ba goes to school 6 days aweek

2- They do their housework

3- There are 4 seasons in a year

4- My mother wants to buy a new bike

5- You ofen invite your brother to the concert

6- We have Math, History and English

7- I’m writing a letter

8- Hoa is watching TV

9- We are coming here

10- They are walking to school

11- Peter is reading book

12- You are living in Bao Nhai

Exercise 2: Put the verbs in brackets into the simple present or the present progressive

tense

1- Cuckoos (not build)…… nests They (use)…… the

nests of other birds

2 - You can see Tom now He (have)……a bath

3- He usually (drink)……coffee but today he (drink) …

… tea

4- Ann (make)…… a dress for herself at the moment

She (make)……all her own clothes

5- I (wear)… my sunglasses today because the sun is

very strong

6- The kettle (boil)……… now Shall I make the tea

7- Why you (put)…… on the coat ?

I (go)……… for a walk You (come)…… with me?

Yes, I’d love to come.You (mind)… if I bring my dog?

8- I always (buy)…… lottery tickets but I never (win)

… anything

9- You (love)……… him?

No, I (like)…… him very much but I (not love)…

him

10- You(write)…… to him tonight ?

Yes, I always (write)… to him on his birthday You

(want) … to send my message?

11- You (believe)…….all that the newspappers say ?

No, I’m ( not believe) ……any of it

- don’t build; use

- Are…writing ;write ; do…want

- Do…believe; don’t believe; do read

Then why you (read)… newspappers ?

12- This car (make)………a very strange noise You

(think) …….it is all right ?

Oh,that noise (not matter)…… it always (make)

……….a noise like that

- Is making; Do…think ; doesn’t matter ; makes

E Feedback

Remark the main mistakes and the things need to notice

Eg : The water is boiling Can you turn it off?

Water boils at 100 degrees celsius

Or Listen to those people What language are they speaking?

Excuse me, do you speak English ?

F Homework

Ask Ss to learn by heart the methods and do exercises again and rewiew the present perfect and past simple

_

Eg: I haven’t seen him for a long time

(?) Have / has + S + P.P ? -Yes S + have/has

- He has already eaten lunch

Time - She hasn’t eaten lunch

* * - Have you ever eaten at that restaurant?

I’ve never eaten there

- expresses acrtivities that were repeated several or many times in the past.The exact times are unpecified

- He has eaten at that restaurant many times

* * - I’ve been to that theater 5 or 6 times

x x x - We’ve had three tests so far this week

- She has been in classroom since 6.00 a.m

* * Since: a point in time

For : a period of time

IV./ PAST SIMPLE

Eg: I didn’t see her yesterday

(?) Didn’d + S + V ? - Yes S + did

- No S + didn’t

2 Use

It is used to talk about activitives or situations that began and ended at a particulartime in the past

(yesterday, last (night, week,….) ago, in 2008)

Eg: When I was younger, I used to play/played table tennis

She lived in the countyside 10 years ago

* Compare between present perfect and past simple

-I’ve done a lot of work today

Khi đề cập đến thời gian liên tục từ

quá khứ đến hiện tại

Eg: today, this week, since 2000

- Have you seen Ann this morning ?

(Bây giờ vẫn là buổi sáng)

* Luôn có sự liên hệ với hiện tại

- I did a lot of work yesterday

Khi đề cập đến thời gian trong quákhứ và kết thúc hẳn

Eg: yesterday, last week, from 2000 to2008

- Did you see Ann this morning ?

(Bây giờ là buổi chiều hoặc tối)

* Chỉ nói về quá khứ

D Practice

Ex1: Put the verbs in the following sentences into past simple and present perfect

Eg: I go to school by bike

I went to school by bike

I have gone to school by bike

1 She speaks slowly 6 His roses grow well

2 You eat too much 7 He sleeps badly

3 Who knows the anwer ? 8 they ride their bikes

4 We buy them here 9 I read books

5 It costs 30 p 10 Hoa and Nga get up early

Ex2: Put the verbs in brackets into the present perfect and past simple tenses

1 This is my house

How long you (live)……… here?

I (live)……… here sine 1990

1 Have … lived/have … beenliving – have lived/have beenliving

2 You (wear) ………… you hair long when you

were at school?

Yes My mother (insist)………… on it

3 Shakespeare (write)………….a lot of plays

4 He (not smoke)……… for 2 weeks He is

7 …….You (see)……… the moon last night?

8 The concert (begin)……… at 2.30 and (last)

…… …… for 2 hours Everyone (enjoy)

……… it very much

9 The newspaper (come)…………?

Yes Ann is reading it

10 You (be)………… here before?

Yes I (spend)……… my holidays here last

years

……….You (have)……… a good time?

No It never (stop)……… raining

11 Where is Tom?

I (not see)……… him today , but he (tell)…

……… Mary that he’d be in for dinner

12 He (leave) ……… the house at 8.00

Where …………he (go)……….?

I (not see) …………where he (go)…… … …

Ex3: Rewrite the sentences without changing the meaning

1 The last time we went to Lon don was two years ago

Date of teaching : 18 / 10 / 2010

TENSES

Past progressive + past perfect

A Ojectives

Ss review the past progresive and study the past perfect By the end of the lesson

Ss can use them to practice in real situations

B Preparation

T : some exercisesSs: review the past progressive

C Procedure

VI./ PAST PROGRESSIVE

1 Form

(+) S + were / was + V-ing

Eg: I was watching TV at 9.00 last night

(- ) S + were / was not ( weren’t / wasn’t ) + V- ing

Eg: She wasn’t reading book when I came

( ? ) Was/ Were + S + V-ing ? – Yes S + was/ were

No S + wasn’t / weren’t

Eg : Were you studying English ? - Yes I was

No I wasn’t

2 Use

- expresses an activity that was in progress (was occurring/happening) at a point oftime in the past

Eg : I sat down at the dinner table at 6.00 p.m yesterday

Tom came to my house at 6.00 p.m – I was eating dinner when Tom came

I went to bed at 10.00 The phone rang at 11.00 – while I, the phone rang was

sleepping

Note: when = at that time

while = during that time

At 9 o’clock last night I was preparing the lesson while my sons were watching TV

0r

 For past progressive action at axact limits or for time in the past (một thời điểm

or một khoảng thời gian)

Eg: They were studying their lessons all yesterday evening

 For an action was happening with an other action or event in the past

Eg: Mai was reading a book while I was writing a dictation

When I came, they were eating lunch

VI./ PAST PERFECT

1 Form

(+) S + had + P.P

Eg: I had learnt English before I came

(-) S + had not (hadn’t) + P.P

Eg: I hadn’t stayed at home when he came to my house

(?) Had + S + P.P ? Yes S + had

No S + hadn’t

Eg: Had you learnt Viet namese before you came to Viet nam ?

2 Use

- expresses an activity that occurred before another time in the past

eg : I wasn’t hungry because I had already eaten

(At moon I wasn’t hungry because I had already eaten before 1.00 p.m)

- expresses an activity that was completed before a particular time in the past

eg: I had eaten when he came (I ate at moon He came at 1.00 p.m My meal was completed before he came)

Note: It is used with when, before, after , or by the time

0r: The past perfect tense is used to

 Refer to an earlier past:

eg: - She arrived when the train had left

- The boys loved the zoo They had never sseen wild animals before

- Before a point of time

Eg: He hadn’t finished by yesterday evening

 As the past equivalence of the present perfect

Eg: - I’ve lost my pen

- I had lost my pen and I had to borrow hers

* As the past equivalence of the simple past tense

Eg: He met her in 2000 and again ten years later

Her hair, which had been grey at their first meeting, was white then

D Practice

Ex 1 : Put he verbs in brackets into the correct form: past progressive, past perfect or

past simple

1 He usually wears sandals but when I last saw him

he……… …… (wear) boots

2 The car had nobody in it but the engine ……… (run)

3 The class……… (begin) before we came yesterday

4 Tom ………….(just go out) at home when I arrived

5 Where did you get after my parents………… (leave) ?

6 Tom (sit) in a corner with a book I told him that he

……… (read) in very bad light

7 They weren’t eating when I came to see them

They……… (already finish) their dinner

8 I was happy to see her again after such a long time I

……… (not see) her for year

9 Was Tom at the party when you arrived?

Yes But he……… (go) home soon afterwards

10 Was Mary at home when you phone?

No she………… (just leave)

11 The house was very quiet when I got home

Everybody…… … (go) to bed

12 I felt very tired when I got home, so I ……….(go)

7 had already finished

8 hadn’d seen

9 went

10 had just left

11 had gone12.went

13 Sory I’m late The car ……… (break) down on my

way here

14 There was a car by the side of the road It ………

(break) down and the river was trying to repair it So we

………(stop) to see if we could help

13.had broken

14 had broken/

stopped

Ex2: Complete the second sentences so that it has a similar meaning the first One

using the word given

1 I’d prefer you to start work next week (rather)

5 “ Do you remember what you have to do ?” The teacher ask her class (what)

The teacher asked her class………

6 I don’t know anything about her family (wish)

1 I’d rather you stared work next week

2 It’s the most interesting football match I’ve never watched

3 It’s the first time I’ve eaten with knives and forks

4 Do you mind helping me to put the chairs aways?

5 The teacher asked her class if they rememmbered what they had to do

6 I wish I knew something about her family

7 Bob is not only talented but also handsome

8 She hasn’t see her parents since New Year’s Day

Present perfect progressive + past perfect progressive

A Objectives

Ss know the use way the present perfect progressive and past perfect progressive

By the end of the lesson Ss can apply them to do some exercises

(+) S + have/has + been + V-ing

Eg : I have been preparing the lesson every day

(-) S + haven’t/hasn’t + been + V-ing

Eg : She hasn’t been watching the cartoons evry night

(?) Have/has + S + been + V-ing? – Yes S + have/has

- No S + haven’t/hasn’t

Eg: Have they been living in Bao nhai? - Yes They have

- No they haven’t

2 Use : It is used to express

- actions in progress throughout a period

Eg: We’ve been living here since 2000

- for reported actions

Eg: He’s been watching TV every night

* Compare

- I’ve been painting this room (uncompleted)

- I’ve painted this room (definitely)

Or

- Expresses how long an activity has been in progress (diễn tả hành động tiến hành trong bao lâu)

Eg: I has been stadying E at this school since May.

She has been sleeping for 2 hours

- expresses the duration (the length of time) an activity is in progress

Eg: I have been sitting in the room since 9.00 o’clock/for 45 minutes.

VIII./ PAST PERFECT PROGRESSIVE

1 Form

(+) S + had + been + V- ing

Eg: I had been doing my homework

(-) S + hadn’t + been + V- ing

Eg : She hadn’t been living in my home

(?) Had + S + been + V- ing ? - Yes S + had/No S + hadn’t

Eg : Had you been doing all the homework ? – Yes I had/No I hadn’t

2 Use

- ….is used when the action began before the time of speaking in the past andcontinued up to that time or stopped just before it

Eg: It was 11.10 I was very hungry because I had been working since early

- I hope the bus come soon I’ve been

waiting for 20 minutes.(before now)

- He’s out of breath He has been

running (Anh ấy thở gấp Anh ấy đã

chạy từ nẫy đến giờ)

- At last the bus came I’d been waiting for

20 minutes

- He was out of breath He had been

running (Anh ấy đã thở gấp Anh ấy đã

chạy trước)

* Present perfect progressive and present perfect.

- She has been painting the ceiling

(Nãy giờ cô ấy đang sơn trần nhà )

- My hands are very dirty.I’ve been

repairing the car.

- Where have you been? Have you been

playing tennis?

* How long : bao lâu

- How long have you been reading?

- She has painted the ceiling (Cô ấy đã

sơn trần nhà)

- The car is OK again now I’ve repaired

it

- Have you ever played tennis?

* How much/ how many or how many times

- How many pages of that book have you

read?

* How long have you (been)………?

Eg : Bob and Alice are married They got married exactly 20 years ago So today is their 20th wedding anniversary

? How long have they been married?

They have been married for 20 years.

- Are you waiting for some body?

But how long have you been waiting?

* I have been doing sth

Eg ; I’ve been learning E for a long time (don’t speak : I’m learning)

Sorry I’m late Have you been waiting long?

* I have been doing : dùng nhiều với : how long/since/for

Eg : I have been learning E for a long time (ít dùng : I’ve learnt)

* Có thể dùng cả hai với động từ: live/work

Eg :John has been living/lived in London for a long time

How long have you been working/have you worked here?

Nhưng “ always” chỉ dùng với :present perfect

Eg : John has always lived in London

* When……? And How long……….? For and since

Eg :- When did it start raining? - How long has it been raining?

It started raining an hour ago/at 1.00 It’s been raining for an hour/since 1.00

“for , since” dùng để diễn tả một sự vật sảy ra trong bao lâu

* It’s (a long time/two years … ) since sth happened

Eg : It’s two years since I last saw him = I haven’t seen him for two years

It’s ages since we went to the cinema = we haven’t been to the cinema for ages Thể nghi vấn là: How long is it since………… ?

Eg : How long is it since you last saw him? = when did you last see him?

How long is it since he died? = when did he die?

1 Jonh and I went for a walk I had difficulty

keeping up with him because he…………(walk) so

fast

2 Mary was sitting on the ground She was out of

breath She……… (run)

3 When I arrived, everybody was sitting round the

table with their mouths full They…………(eat)

4 When I arrived, everybody was sitting round the

table and talking Their mouths were empty but their

stomachs were full They ……… (eat)

5 Jim was on his hands and knees on the floor He

… ………(look) for his contact lens

6 When I arrived, Kate………….(wait) for me She

was rather annoyed with me because I was late and

she …………(wait) for a very long time

7 I was sad when I sold my car I …………(have) it

for a very long time

8 We were extremely tired at the end of the journey

We……….(travel) for more than 24 hours

8 had been travelling

Ex 2: Read the situations and make sentences from the words in the brackets.

1 I was very tired when I arrived home

(I/work/hard/all day) I had been working hard all day.

2 The two boys came into the house They had a football and they were both verytired

(they/play/football) They had been playing football.

3 There was nobody in the room but there was a smell of cigarettes.

(somebody/smoke/in the room) Somebody had been smoking in the room.

4 Ann woke up in the middle of the night She was frightened and didn’t know where

she was

(she/dream) She had been dreaming

5 When I got home, Mike was sitting in front of the TV He had just turned it off (he/watch/TV) He had been watching TV.

Eg : She will not visit her parents next week.

(?) Will/Shall + S + V ? - Yes, S + will/shall

- No, S + will/shall not

Eg : Will you go to school tonight? - Yes, I will

- No, I won’t

Note: will/shall = ’ll ; will not = won’t ; shall not = shan’t

2 Use :

It is used to express

- the speaker’s opinions, assumptions, speculations about the future: (ý kiến, giả định,

sự suy đoán về tương lai)

Eg : He’ll come back

They’ll wait for us

- future habitual actions which we assume will take place: (thói quen được giả địnhtrong tương lai)

Eg : Spring will come again

- in sentences containing clauses of condition time, and some purpose

Eg : If you drop that glass, it will break

When it gets waemer, the bears will wake up

* But not in an If – clause or time clause even when the meaning is in the future:

Eg : If he is late tomorrow………(not: If he will be late tomorrow)

- in fomal announ cements of future plans and weather forecasts

Eg : It will rain tomorrow

II./ BE GOING TO + V

Eg : I’m going to meet her at the station

He is going to be a dentist when he grows up

They are going to sing an English song

Note : the use of shall (with I or we) to express future time is infrequent and formal.

* “Will” and “be going to” usually give the same meaning, but sometimes theyexpress different meanings

- “be going to” and “will” are the same meaning when they are used to makepredictions about the future

Eg: She is going to/will succeed because she works hard.

- “be going to” (but not will) is used to express a preconceived (định trước) plan Eg: I bought some wood because I am going to build a bookcase for my

apartment

- “will” (but not be going to) is used to volunteer or willingness

Eg: This chair is too heavy for you to carry alone I’ll help you (the speaker is

happy to help)

* Using “ probably” with “will”

Eg : Ann will probable not go to the park tomorrow (formal)

Bob probably won’t go to the park tomorrow

III./ BE ABOUT TO + V (SẮP) – IMMEDIATE (NEAR) FUTURE

- The idion ( thành ngữ ) “be about to do sth” expresses an activity that will happen

in the near future, usually within 5 minutes

Eg: Ann’s bags are packed,and she is wearing her coat She is about to leave for

the airport (Ann is going to leave something in the next minutes)

IV BESIDES, THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE OR PRESENT PROGRESSIVETENSE ARE SOMETIMES USED TO EXPRESS DEFINITE FUTUREARRANGEMENTS WITH A TIME EXPREEIONS

Eg: The children start schoool on Sunday

What are you doing next Saturday?

- present simple to express future action which happens regularly (sự đều đặn thườngxuyên, lặp đi lặp lại)

Eg: The train SP leaves at 11.20 tomorrow.

- present progressive to express future action.

Eg: He is coming here late.

* Present plans for future activities using : intend, plan, hope

“ Entend, plan, hope” are used in present tense to express present ideas about futureactivities

Eg: - I’m entending/entend to go to Paris.

- I’m planning/plan to take a trip next month.

- I’m hoping/hope to fly to Paris next week.

“Entend, plan, hope” are followed by an infinitive (To-V the simple form of a verb)

Eg : I’m to teach you = I’m about teaching you

V./ THE FUTURE PROGRESSIVE TENSE

1 Form: will/shall be + V-ing

2 Use : It is used:

- as an ordinary progressive tense (actions start before a point of time and probablycontinue after it)

Eg : When you arrive, they will be cooking the meal

- to express future with attention

Eg: You will be taking the exam next week

D Practice

Ex1: Which is correct?

1 ‘Did you phone Ba?’ ‘Oh no, I forgot I phone/I’ll phone her now!

2 I can’t meet you tomorrow afternoon I’m playing/I’ll play tennis.

3 ‘I need some money’ ‘Ok, I’m lending/I’ll lend some you How much do you

need?

4 What time does your train leave/will your train leave tomorrow?

5 I don’t want to go out alone Do you come/Will you come with me?

6 Ann isn’t free on Saturday She’ll work/She’s working.

7 I think Jane will get/is getting the job She has a lot of exprerience.

8 A: Have you decided where to go for your holiday?

B: Yes, we will go/we are going to Italy.

9 I can’t meet you this evening A friend of mind will come/is coming to see me.

10 I’ll go/I’m going to a party tomorrow tonight Would you like to come too?

Ex2: Complete the sentences using will (‘ll) or going to

1 A: Why are you turning on the television?

B: ………the new (I/watch)

2 A: Oh, I’ve just realised I haven’t got any money

B: Haven’t you? Well, don’t worry……… you some (I/land)

3 A: I’ve decided to repaint this room

B: Oh, have you? What colour………it? (you/paint)

4 A: Where are you going? Are you going shopping?

B: Yes,………something for dinner (I/buy)

5 A: Did you post that letter for me?

B: Oh, I’m sorry I completely forgot……….it now (I/do)

6 A:The ceiling in this room doesn’t look very safe, doesn’t it?

B: No, it looks as if ………down (it/fall)

7 A: Has George decided what to do when he leaves school?

B: Oh, yes Everything is planned………a holiday for a few weeks andthen ……….a computer programming course (he/have ; he/do)

8 A: What would you like to eat?

B: ……… a sandwich, please (I/have)

E Feedback

* The pressent progressive and the be going to form.

Planned future actions can be expressed by the present progressive tense with a time

expression or by the be going to form with or without a time expression The present progressive is mainly used for very definite arrangements in the near future The be

going to form can be used more widely.

Eg: I’m playing bridge tonight with Tom and Ann

It’s very cold I’m going to light a fair.

* The present progressive and the simpl future

The be going to form could be instead of the present progressive, but for the sake ofsimplicity students are advided to use only 2 tenses first mentioned

Eg: I’ll see/am seeing you tomorrow

* Will + V and the be going to form

Future with intention can usually be expressed by will + V or the be going to

form.Very often either of these can be used, but when the intention is clearly

premeditated the be going to form must be used, and when the intention ins clearly unpremeditated we must use will + V.

I Change these sentences into negative and interogative (10p)

1 They watched a TV program called “The Wonders of The World”

2 Mai always goes shopping with her mother

3 We have studied English for 3 years

4 Hoa and Ba are going to have a pinnic

5 Tom had just gone at home when Peter arrived

6 I have been preparing the lesson everyday

7 She had been working hard all day

8 You will write a letter tomorrow

9 We went out for our short holiday

10 They were playing soccer when I came

II Complete the sentences using the following verbs in the correct form.(5p)

advise buy forget go meetreceive receive return send take1- Nga …… Jenny’s letter a week ago

2- We (not)…… to the soccer match last Sunday because of the rain

3- I……… this little vase at the shop next to the post office yesterday

4- Trung………….his friend Michael in the USA a small collection of Vietnamesestamps last week

5- Jim (not)………me when he came to Vietnam last summer

6- Nhung (not)………… my email last Wednesday because of her computerbreakdown

7- Why you………….the books to the library before the due date?

8- I…………to send Tam the CD on Sunday

9- My dad………… me to the National Museum when we were in Ha noi

10- Last month my doctor……….me to stay at home for some days because of

my sickness

III Read the passage.Fill in each blank with a suitable word (5p)

There (1)……… four people in my family Each of us has (2)…………differenthobby My dad likes (3)………… newspapers because he can get the lastest news (4)

………….morning However, my mom enjoys watching (5).………and (6)

………… magazines Mon often spends hours reading articles about fashion andcooking Unlike my mom and dad, my brother only loves exploring websides (7)

……….airplanes He spends most of free time getting information about thehistory and development of aircraft He also (8)……….emails or chats with hisfriends about his hobby For me, I am really interested in (9)………to music onthe FM radio I also like music program on TV (10)……… Sundays What aboutyou? What is your hobby?

IV Put the verbs into the correct form (10p)

1- I (lose) _my pen I can’t find it anywhere

2- Last night, my father (arrive) home at half past ten He (have) a bath and then (go) to bad

3- I (give) _ Lan our letter when I (see) her tomorrow

4- He (sleep) _ so he didn’t understand what you said

5- Tom was very tired because he (run) _ for an hour.

6- Where you (be) _ all this morning? It’s nearly midday now

7- My friend suggests (go) _ to the movie tonight, but I can’t go because I (be) busy (work) on the homework (give) by my math teacher

8- Were I (know) the answer, I would tell you right away

9- Why Long(not/want) to play soccer last Sunday?

10- She doesn’t know Hung’s sister She(never/ meet) _ her

11- When you (start) _ school? - When I (be) _ six

12- He wishes I (meet) _ him earlier But I can’t If I’m not busy, I (come)_ _ early

V Read the first sentences, and then complete the second sentence with the same meaning (15p)

1- Someone gave Mary this pressent an hour ago

Mary……… 2- “How often do you go to school?” Nam asked

Nam asked her……… 3- Has somebody repaired this telephone? Yes, it’s working again

Has this telephone……… 4- “ Do you have many friends?” She asked me

She asked me……… 5- They told me that our teacher was sick

I……… 6- Someone might steal your bike if you leave it outside

Your bike……… 7- “ Can I move the furniture around?”

I asked her……… 8- Mai doesn’t know a lot of students in her class

She wishes……… 9- “ How many students are there in the college?”

I asked……… 10- Mark is too young to see the horror film

Mark is not……… 11- The house was more expensive than he thought it would be

The house wasn’t……… 12- Minh is the most intelligent student in our class

Nobody in……… 13- We live in the city but we don’t like it

We wish……….14- The last time I played volleyball was ten years ago

I haven’t……… 15- Would you like a glass of cold orange juice?

Can I get you……… ?

VI Write a passage about the suject which you like best.( about 100- 120 words)

(15p)

KEYS

I Change these sentences into negative and interogative (10p)

1 They watched a TV program called “The Wonders of The World”

(-) They didn’t watch……… (?) Did they watch……….?

2 Mai always goes shopping with her mother

(-) Mai doesn’t always go……… (?) Does Mai always go……….?

3 We have studied English for 3 years

(-) We haven’t studied……… (?) Have we studied……… ?

4 Hoa and Ba are going to have a pinnic

(-) Hoa and Ba aren’t……… (?) Are they going……….?

5 Tom had just gone at home when Peter arrived

(-) Tom hadn’t just gone……… (?) Had Tom just gone………?

6 I have been preparing the lesson everyday

(-) I haven’t been preparing……… (?) Have I / you been preparing……….?

7 She had been working hard all day

(-) She hadn’t been working……… (?) Had she been working………?

8 You will write a letter tomorrow

(-) You won’t write……… (?) Will you write……….?

9 We went out for our short holiday

(-) We didn’t go ……… (?) Did we/ you go……… ?

10 They were playing soccer when I came

(-) They weren’t……… (?) Were they……….?

II Complete the sentences using the following verbs in the correct form.(5p)

advise buy forget go meetreceive receive return send take

1- Nga received… Jenny’s letter a week ago.

2- We (not) didn’t go…to the soccer match last Sunday because of the rain.

3- I…bought… this little vase at the shop next to the post office yesterday.

4- Trung sent….his friend Michael in the USA a small collection of Vietnamese

stamps last week

5- Jim (not)…didn’t meet…me when he came to Vietnam last summer.

6- Nhung (not)…didn’t receive my email last Wednesday because of her computer

breakdown

7- Why… did you…return the books to the library before the due date?

8- I…forgot…to send Tam the CD on Sunday.

9- My dad…took me to the National Museum when we were in Ha noi.

10- Last month my doctor…advised….me to stay at home for some days because of

my sickness

III Read the passage Fill in each blank with a suitable word (5p)

There(1) are four people in my family Each of us has(2)…a different hobby.

My dad likes(3) reading…newspapers because he can get the lastest news (4)…every/

in the morning However,my mom enjoys watching (5)…TV…and (6)…reading…

magazines Mom often spends hours reading articles about fashion and cooking

Unlike my mom and dad, my brother only loves exploring websides (7)about…

airplanes He spends most of free time getting information about the history and

development of aircraft He also (8)…writes… emails or chats with his friends about his hobby.For me, I am really interested in (9)…listening…to music on the FM radio.

I also like music program on TV (10)…on Sundays What about you? What is your

hobby?

IV Put the verbs into the correct form.(10p)

1- I (lose) have lost my pen I can’t find it anywhere.

2- Last night, my father (arrive) arrived home at half past ten He (have) had a bath and then (go) went to bad.

3- I (give) will give Lan our letter when I (see) see her tomorrow.

4- He (sleep) was sleeping so he didn’t understand what you said.

5- Tom was very tired because he (run) had been running for an hour.

6- Where have you (be) been being all this morning? It’s nearly midday now.

7- My friend suggests (go) going to the movie tonight, but I can’t go because I (be)

will be busy (work) working on the homework (give) given by my math teacher.

8- Were I (know) to know the answer, I would tell you right away.

9- Why didn’t Long (not/want) want to play soccer last Sunday?

10- She doesn’t know Hung’s sister She (never/meet) has never met her.

11- When did you (start) start school? - When I (be) was six.

12- He wishes I (meet) met him earlier But I can’t If I’m not busy, I (come) will

come early.

V Read the first sentences, and then complete the second sentence with the same meaning.(15p)

1- Someone gave Mary this pressent an hour ago

Mary was given this present an hour ago.

2- “How often do you go to school?” Nam asked

Nam asked her how often she went to school

3- Has somebody repaired this telephone? Yes, it’s working again

Has this telephone been repared? Yes, it’s working again.

4- “ Do you have many friends?” She asked me

She asked me if/whether I had many friends

5- They told me that our teacher was sick

I was told that our teacher was sick.

6- Someone might steal your bike if you leave it outside

Your bike might be stolen if you leave it outside.

7- “Can I move the furniture around?”

I asked her if she could move the furniture around.

8- Mai doesn’t know a lot of students in her class

She wishes she knew a lot of students in her class.

9- “How many students are there in the college?”

I asked how many students there were in the college.

10- Mark is too young to see the horror film

Mark is not enough old to see the horror film.

11- The house was more expensive than he thought it would be

The house wasn’t as cheap as he thought it would be.

12- Minh is the most intelligent student in our class

Nobody in our class is as intelligent as Minh.

13- We live in the city but we don’t like it

We wish we lived in the country.

14- The last time I played volleyball was ten years ago

I haven’t played volleyball for ten

15- Would you like a glass of cold orange juice?

Can I get you a glass of cold orange juice?

VI.Write a passage about the suject which you like best.(about 100- 120 words)

(15p)

- introduce the subjects

- tell about the reasons which they like the best

- their feelling about that suject

The subject of the verb is the person or thing that does the action

Eg: Tom has opened the door

II./Tenses in passive voice

All the tenses

Note: The perfect continuous tenses are very rarely used in the passive

III./Active and passive equivalents

Hondas will be made here.

With modal verbs Someone must clean the door The door must be cleaned.

Notes

* “Be” is always there in the passive voice

* The agent, when, mentioned, is preceded by “by” (tác nh©n thực hiện/g©y ra hànhđộng, khi được đề cập đến thì đứng sau “by”)

Eg: - Tom painted the picture

 This picture was painted by Tom.

- What makes these holes?

 What are these holes made by?

But - Smoke filled the room

 The room was filled with smoke.

- Paint covered the lock

 The lock was covered with pain.

(“smoke”, “paint”: materials, not agents) - (“smoke”, “paint”: là vật chất, không phảitác nhân)

* When a verb + prep + O Conbination is put into the passive the prep Will remainimmediately after the verb:

Eg: - We must take good care of the children

 The chidren must be taken good care of

* Verb + prep/adv.combinations

Eg:- They thew away the waste paper

 The waste paper was thrown away

- He looked after the chidren well

 The children were well looked after

IV./Uses of the passive voice:

The passive voice is used:

1 When is not necessary to mention the doer of the action.(khi không cần thiết phải đềcập đến người thực hiện hành động)

Eg: - The waste papper hasn’t been collected

- Your hand will be X-rayed

2 When we don’t know, or don’t know exactly, or have forgotten who did the action Eg: - My bike has been stolen

- The room has been cleaned

I’ve been told that…

3 When the subject of the active sentence is: “people”, “one”, “someone”, and(sometimes) pronouns

Eg: - People say he is a hero

 He is said to be a hero

- Someone has locked the door.

 The door has been locked

- They bought that house

 That house was bought

4 When we are more interesred in the action than the person who does it

Eg:- They are building a new public library

 A new public library is being built

Note:

* Nếu trong câu chủ động có các từ: see, watch, hear, make, know thì “V” “ V + to”

Eg: - My parends made me to do it

 I was made to do it by my parents

* It is said that… He is said to… (be) supposed to………

- Every body says he has died

 It’s said that he has died./ He is said that to have died

- People said that he is 105 years old

 It is said that he is 105 years old./ He is said to be 105 years old

Chúng ta có thể dùng cấu trúc này với một số động từ khác, đặc biệt là với:

Thought (nghĩ), believed (tin rằng), considered (xem xột,cho là), reported (báo cáo),known (biết), expected (mong chờ), alleged (buộc tội), understood (hiểu)

It is believed that the boy is wearing a white pullover and blue jeans./The boy is

believed to be wearing a white pullover and blue jeans.

(be) supposed to….đôi khi (be) supposed to… = it is said to……

Let’s go and see that film It’s supposed to be very good (= he is said to be very

good)

- I will take care of the baby

 The baby will be taken care of

* Trong trường hợp câu chủ động có các động từ khiếm khuyết: can, may, must, oughtto…

Form: S + modal + be + P.P + (by O)

Eg: He can speak English

 English can be spoken (by him)

* Nếu trong câu chủ từ tác động là: I, he, you, they….or someone, people sang câu bịđộng có thể bỏ (by O)

* Nếu cả túc từ trong câu tác động khi đổi sang câu thụ động dùng túc từ nào cũngđược nhưng nếu tân ngữ chỉ vật làm chủ ngữ thì phải có “to” trước tân ngữ chỉ người Eg: - He told me a lie (a lie: tân ngữ gián tiếp, me: tân ngữ trực tiếp)

A lie was told a lie to me/I was told a lie

Một số động từ có 2 tân ngữ: Give, ask, offer, pay, show, teach, tell Khi chúng ta

dùng các động từ này ở dạng thụ động, thông thường chúng ta bắt đầu bằng chủ ngữ làngười

Eg: - I was offered the job but I refused it (= they offer me the job)

- You will be given plenty of time to decide (= we will give you plenty of time)

- Have you been shown the new machine? (= has anybody shown you…?)

- The men were paid 200 dong to do the work (= somebody paid the men 200 d)

* Some special form:

1 I was born….

Eg: I was born in Vietnam.

Where were you born?

But - How many babies are born everyday?

2 I don’t like being……(dạng thụ động của doing/seeing… Là being done/being

seen)

- Active: I don’t like people telling me what to do Tôi không thích người ta sai bảo

tôi phải làm gì

- Passive: I don’t like being told what to do Tôi không thích bị sai bảo.

* I remember being given a toy drum on fifth birthday.(= I remember somebody

giving me a toy drum)

* Mr.Miller hates being kept waiting.(he hates people keeping him waiting)

* We managed to climb over the wall without being seen.(=….without anybody seeing

us)

3 Get: Đôi khi chúng ta có thể dùng “get” thay cho “be” ở dạng thụ động.

- There was a fight at the party but nobody got hurt.(= nobody was hurt)

- I don’t often get invited to parties.(I’m not often invited)

- I’m surprised Ann didn’t get offered the job.( Ann wasn’t offered the job)

Chúng ta dùng “get” chủ yếu trong tiengs Anh thụng thường (informal spokenEnlish) Có thể dùng ‘BE’ trong tất cả các tình huống

Chúng ta có thể dùng các thành ngữ sau (mà không mang nghĩa thụ động)

Get married (lập gđ) get divorced (li dị)

Get dressed (mặc quần áo) get changed (thay quần áo)

4 Have sth done./ get sth done Have sb do sth/ get sb to do sth.

Eg: Jill had the roof repaired yesterday

Compare: - Jill repaired the roof.(= she repaired it herself)

- Jill had the roof repaired.(= she arranged for somebody else to repair it)

I think you should get your hair cut.

When are you going to get the roof repaired?

D Practice

Ex 1 Change into the passive voice.

1.They will take that old woman to hospital tomorrow

2 The man gave the beggar two pounds

3 Someone has spilt tea all over the table cloth

4 Has sb mended that chair yet?

5 People say that the postman has won a lot of money

6 Why didn’t they hepl him?

7 What time can the pupils hand in their papers?

8 How did the police find the lost little girl?

9 Take off your hat

10 Don’t let the others see you

Ex 2 Rewrite the following sentences without changing its meaning.

1 My shoes need to be cleaned before the interview

I must………

2 We are going to have the car repaired next week

The garage is……….

3 My father had them cut the grass in the garden yesterday

- T : some exercises

- Ss : review the passive voice

C Procedure

I./ Direct and indirect (or reported) speech :

There are two ways what a person has said: direct and indirect

- In direct speech we repeat the original speaker’s exact words:

Eg: He said: “I have lost my umbrellar”

- In indirect speech we give the axact meaning of a remark or a speech,withoutnecessarily using the speaker’s exact words:

Eg: He said (that) he had lost his umbrellar.

When we turn direct into indirect, some changes are usually necessary There aremost easily studied by considering statements, questions, and commands separately

II./Statements in indirect (or reported) speech : tenses changes necessary

1 Indirect speech can be introduced by a verb in a present tense: He says that… This

is usual when we are:

- Reporting a conversation that is still going on

- Reading a letter and reporting what it says

- Reading instructions and reporting them

- Reporting statements that someone makes very ofen

Eg: Tom says that he’ll never get married.

Note: When the instroductory verb is in a present, present perfect or future tense wecan report the direct speech without any change of tense We don’t have to change theother verb in indirect speech

Eg: He says “I am a teacher” = He said he is a teacher

He has just said “I came to see her yesterday” = He has just said he came to seeher the day before

2 But indirect speech is usually introduced by a verb in the past tense.

Verbs in the direct speech have then to be changed into a corresponding past tense

He said he had found a flat.

4- Present perfect progressive

He said “I’ve been waiting for ages”

4- Past perfect progressive

He said he had been waiting for ages

“I’ll be using the car myself on the 24 th ”

she said

But note, conditional

I said “I would like to see it”

She said she’d be using the car herself

on the 24 th

Conditional

I said I would like to see it.

(no tense change)

3 Note on ‘I/We shall/should’

- ‘I/we shall  he/she/they would’ in indirect speech.

“I shall be 21 tomorrow” said Bill = Bill said he would be 21 the following day.

- But if the sentence is reported by the original speacker, ‘I/We shall’ can become either I/we should or I/we would Would is the more common.

- Similarly ‘I/we should’ usually become he/she/they would in indirect speech.

‘If I had the instruction manual I should/would know what to do’ said Bill = Bill saidthat if he had the instructions he should/would what to do

III./ Past tenses sometimes remain unchanged

1 He said “I loved her” must become He said he had loved her

But He said “Ann arrived on Monday” could be reported He said Ann arrived/had arrived on Monday.

2 She said “We were thinking of sellling the house but we have decided not to” = She said they had been thinking of selling the house but had decided to.

But He said “When I saw them they were playing tennis” = He said that when he saw them they were playing tennis.

3 In written English past tenses usually do change to past perfect but there are thefollowing exceptions:

- Past/past continuos tenses in time clause do not nomally change

Eg: He said “When we were living/lived in Paris…” = He said that when they wereliving/lived in Paris …

The main verb of such sentences can either remain unchanged or become the pastperfect

He said “When we were living/lived in Paris we often saw Paul” = He said when they were living/lived in Paris they often saw/had often seen Paul.

- A past tense used to describe state of affairs which still exists when the speech isreported remains unchanged:

She said “I decided not to buy the house because it was on a main road” = She said that she had decided not to buy the house because it was on a main road.

IV./ Unreal past tenses (subjunctives) in indirect speech.

1 Unreal past tenses after wish, would rather/sooner and it is time do not change:

“We wish we didn’t have to take exams”said the children = The children said they wished they didn’t have to take exams.

“Bill wants to go alone” said Ann, “but I’d rather he went with a group” = Ann said that Bill wanted to go alone but she’d rather he went with a group.

“ It’s time we began planning our holidays” he said = He said it was time they began

planning their holiday

2 I/he/she/we/they had better remain unchanged You had better can remain unchanged or be reported by advise + object + infinitive

“The children had better go to bed early” Tom said = Tom said that the children had

better go to bed early.

“You’d better not drink the water” she said = She advised/warned us not to drink

the water

3 Conditional sentences types 2 and 3 remain unchanged:

“If my children were older I would emigrate” he said = He said that if his children were older he would emigrate.

V./ Might, ought to, should, would, used to in indirect statements

1 Might

He said “An might ring today” = He said that Ann might ring (that day)

But “You might post these for me” he said = He said me to post them for him.

“You ought to/should/must read the instructions” said Ann = Ann advised/urged/

warned me to read the instructions.

4 The advice form “If I were you I should/would….” Is normally reported by advise

+ O + to-v

“If I were you I’d wait” I said = I advised him to wait.

5 The request form “I should/would be (very) grateful if you would….” Is normally reported by ask + O + to-v

‘I’d be very grateful if you’d keep me informed” he said = He said me to keep himinformed

6 Would in statements doesn’t change.

7 Used to doesn’t change.

VI./ Could in indirect statement

1 Could for ability.

- “I can’t/couldn’t stand on my head” he said = He said he couldn’t stand on his head

- He said “I could do it tomorrow” = He said he could do it/would be able to do it thenext day

- “If had the tools I could mend it” he said = He said that if he had the tools he could/would be able to mend it

(would be able here implies that the suppostition may be fulfilled Perhaps he’ll be able

to borrow tools)

- Could in type 3 is reported unchanged.

- Could for past ability,unchange or had been able

“I could read when I was three!” she boasted = She boasted that she could/hadbeen able to read ……

2 Could for permission.

- Type 2, unchange or would be allowed to

“If I paid my fine I could walk out of prison today” he said = He said that if he paidhis could/would be allowed to walk…

VII./ Indirect speech: pronoun and adjective.

1 Pronouns and possessive adjectives usually change from first or second to third person except when the speaker is reporting his own words:

He said “I’ve forgotten the combination of my safe”

= He sai that he had forgotten …

I said “I like my new house” = I said that I liked…

Sometimes a noun must be inserted to avoid ambiguity: Tom said “He came inthrough the window” – Tom said that the man/burglar/cat… had come on…

Pronoun changes may affect the verb:

He says “I knows her” = He says he knows her

He says “I shall be there” = He says he will be there

2 This and these

- this  that

He said “She is coming this week” = He said that she was coming that week

- this/that  the

He said “I bought this pen/these pens” = He said that he had bought the pen/pens

- this/these used as pronouns can become it, they / them

He said “we will discuss this tomorrow” = He said that they would discuss it/thematter the next day

VII Expressions of time and place in indirect speech.

1 Adverbs and adverbial phrasses of time change as follows.

In todays’ timeThe following week/year…

The previous week/ year…

A year before / the previous year

“I’ll do it next week” he promised = He promised he would do it the following week

2 But if the speech is made and reported on the same day these time changes are not necessary.

At breakfast this morning he said “I’ll be very busy today” = …… That would bevery busy today

3 here  there but only when it is clear what place is meant.

At the station he said “I’ll be here tomorrow” = He said that he’d be there again thenext day

Usualy here has to be replaced by some phase:

She said “you can sit here,Tom” = She told Tom that he could sit beside her

But He said “Come here, boys” would normally be reported: He called the boys

VIII Infinitive and gerund constructions in indirect speech.

1 agree/refuse/offer/promise/threaten + to-v can sometimes be used instead of say

(that)

Tom agreed to wait or Tom said he would wait

2 accuse…of/admit/apologize for/deny/insist on + V-ing can sometimes be used instead of say (that)

“I’m sorry I’m late” he said might be reported He apologized for being late or He

said that he was sorry he was late

IX./ Say, tell and alternative introctory verbs

1 Direct speech.

- S + say… or S + say + to sb

Tom said “I’ve just heard the new” or Tom said to Peter “…….”

- S + tell + sb except with tell lies/stories/the truth, when the person addresssed

need not be mentioned

He told (me) lies I’ll tell (you) a story

2 Indirect speech.

- S + say He said he’d just heard the new

- S + tell + O He told me that he…………

Note: tell … How / about

He told us how he had crossed the mountains

He told us about crossing the mountains

3 Other useful verbs are:

Add complain point out

Admit deny promise

Answer explain protest

Argue grumble remark

Assure + O object remind + O

Boast observe reply

These can be used with direct or indirect speech

X Questions in indirect speech.

1 Wh - questions.

He said “Where is she going?” = He asked where she was going

2 Yes/no- questions If/whether must be used.

“Do you know Bill?” he said = He asked if/whether I knew Bill

Note: whether or not

“Do you want to go by taxi or car?” Ba asked Hoa = Ba asked Hoa whether or not shewanted to go by taxi or by car

“Do you want to insure your luggage or not?” he asked = He asked whether or not Iwanted to insure my luggage or he asked if I wanted to insure my luggage or not

Whether + to-v is possible after wonder, want to know

“Shall/should I wait for them or go on?” he wondered = He wondered whether to

wait/ he should wait for them or go on

3 Shall I/we? Can be four kinds.

1- Speculations or requests for information about a future event:

“Shall I ever see them again?” he wondered = He wondered if he would ever seethem again.

“When shall I know the result of the test?” she asked = She asked when she wouldknow the result of the test

2 - Requests for instructions or advice:

“What shall I do with it?” = “Tell me what to do with it”

“Shall we post it, sir?” he said = He asked the customer if they were to post/if theyshould post it

“What shall I say, mother?” she said = She asked her mother what she should say.(request for advice)

When a choice is required we normally use whether in indirect speech Whether +

3 Will you/would you/could you?

There may be ordinary questions,but may also be requests,invitations,or veryoccasionally, commands

He said “Will you be tomorrow?” = He asked if she would be the next day

“Will you stand still!” he shouted = He shouted at me to stand still/He told/ordered

He said “Get your coat,Tom!”= He told Tom to get his coat.

“You had better hurry,Bill!” she said=She advised Bill to hurry

* Tell/ask + O + (not) to-v

Note:

- Would/will/can/could you + V .?

- Would/Do you mind + V-ing ….?

- Imperative: V+ O / Don’t V + O

- Advise + O + (not) to-v

- Invite / would you like + O + N/To-v

Eg: - “Stay in bed for a few days”.The doctor said to me = The doctor said to me tostay in bed for a few days

- “Don’t shout” I said to Ba = I said to Ba not to shout

- “Please don’t tell anyone what happened” Ann said = Ann asked me not tellanyone what (had) happened.

- “Can you open the door for me, Tom?” Ann asked = Ann asked Tom to open thedoor for her

* to tell/say

- He said to me/told me that he was very tired

* At least: ớt nhất

- I’ll go at least a week (tôi sẽ đi ít nhất là 1 tuần)

* At first: thoạt tiên

* After that: sau đó

- At first, he went to my house After that he went to school

D Practice

Ex1: Put the following into indirect

speech.

1, “I have sth to show you” I said to her

2, “Nothing grows in my garden.It never

gets any sun” she said

3, ‘I’m going away tomorrow,mother’ he

said

4, ‘We have a lift but very often it doesn’t

work’ they said

5, ‘I have a German lesson this afternoon

and I haven’t done my homework yet’ said

the small boy

1- I told her I had sth to show her

2- She said nothing grew in her garden

It never got any sun

3- He told her mother he was goingaway the next day

4- They said they had a lift but veryoften it didn’t work

5- The small boy said he had a Germanlesson that afternoon and he hadn’t donehis homework yet

Ex2: Put the following into indirect speech

*Questions:

1 ‘What country do you come from?’said Bill

2 ‘How long have you been here?’said Ann

3 ‘Have you got a work permit?’Bill wanted to know

4 ‘When does it arrive in York?’he said

5 ‘How can I get from the station to the airport?’ Bill asked his son

6 ‘Where is the ticket office?’ askes Mrs Jones

7 ‘Why does the price go up so often?’ she wondered

8 ‘Who is playing next week?’ he asked

9 ‘Did you play for your school team?’ said Bill

10 ‘How many students are there in the school?’ he asked my teacher

* Commands, requests, advice

1 ‘Shut the door, Tom’ she said

2 ‘Lend me your pen for a moment’ I said to Mary

3 ‘Remember to write to your mother’ I said to them

4 ‘Don’t forget to feed the goldfish’ Mary said to her brother

5 ‘Open your bag, please’ said the store detective

6 ‘I can’t open it Yoou have a try, Peter’ he said.

7 ‘Go and get me a paper, and come straight back,’ he said to me

8 ‘Would you like to have lunch with me on Sunday?’ I sait to her

9 ‘If I were you I’d try to get a room on the top floor’ He said

10 ‘This is a horrible room Why don’t you ask for something better?’ he said

B Preparation

- T : conditional sentences type 2,3 and some exercises

- Ss : review the conditional sentence type 1

C Procedure

Conditional sentences

I./ Basic verb form usage :

If - clause Main clause

(= simple past, bewere)

If I had enough time now,

I would have written to my

parents

Mixed type 1 Past perfect

If I had worked harder at

university,

Would/could/should might…+ V

I would have a degree now.

Mixed type 2 Past subjunctive

If I loved him,

Would/could/should…+ have +

P.P

She would have stayed with him.

* Possible variations of the basic form (các hình thức biến thể của dạng cơ bản)

1 Variations of the IF – Clause:

- The present continuous: to express a present action or a future arrangement

Eg: If you are looking for Peter, you’ll find him upstairs.

If you are having a party on Sunday, we’ll bring our children.

- The present perfect:

Eg: If you have written the letter, I will post it for you.

If they haven’t seen the museum, we’ll go there today.

- The past continuous:

Eg: If we were flying, I would feel much happier.

If my bike were/was working, I would take you to the station.

- The past perfect:

Eg: If I had taken your advice, I would be rich now.

2 Variations of the main clauses:

- May/might: to express possibility

If the fog gets thicker, we may/might not drive.

- May: to express permission

If you don’t understand, you may ask me.

- Can/could: to express permission

If it stops raining,we can go out.

If I knew her number, I could phone her.

- Must/should or any expressions of command, request or advice

If you want to lose weight, you (must/should / had better) eat less sugar.

If you see Tom tomorrow, could you ask him to phone me?

- The continuous conditional form: