Luận văn hoàn thiện công tác định mức lao động tại xưởng lắp ráp của công ty oto toyota việt nam

Y nghia cua de tai nghien ciru Dinh muc lao dong la mot hoat dong doi hoi sir phoi hop chat che vequan ly, to chirc, ky thuat va cong nghe...la cong cu dau tien va quan trong cua qua tri

— -DAI HOC K.T.Q.D

TT THONG TIN THU V1ENPHONG Lt AN AN- Tl' L1EV

LE THI HUONG

IlliNViNIHiCMIlOilViQIlMf

HA NOI - 2013

Toi xin cam doan luan van: “ Hoan thien cdng tac dinh mdc lao dong tai

xu ' d ' ng lap rap cua Cdng ty o to Toyota Viet Nam ” la cong trinh nghien ciu cuarieng toi Cac so lieu, tu lieu duoc su dung trong luan van co nguon goc ro rang, trung thyc Toan bo noi dung nghien ciu va ket qua trinh bay trong luan van chua duoccong bo trong bat kycongtrinh nghien ciu tuong tynao khac

Hoc vien

De co the hoan thanh luan van mot each hoan chinh, ben canh su no luc co gang cua ban than la su huong dan nhiet tinh cua quy Thay Co, cung nhu su dong vien ung ho cua gia dinh va ban be trong suot thdi gian hoc tap nghien cuu va thuc hien luanvan thac sy.

Loi dau tien, toi xin chan thanh cam on T.S Vu Thi Uyen, ngubi da true ti£p huong dan toi hoan thanh luan van Vdi nhung loi chi dan, nhung tai lieu, su tantinh huong dan va nhung loi dong vien co da giup toi vuot qua nhieu kho khan trong qua trinh thuc hien luan van nay

Toi cung xin gui loi cam on den toan the quy Thay Cotrong Khoa kinh te va quan ly nguon nhan luc da tan tinh truyen dat nhung kien thuc quy bau cung nhutao moi dieu kien thuan loi nhat chotoi trong suotqua trinh hoctap nghien cuu

Cuoi cung, toi xin cam on cac anh chi em dong nghiep tai Phong Nhan su,cac thanh vien tai xuong lap rap da tao dieu kien cho toi cap nhat thong tin, so lieu

va khao sattrong thoi gian thuc hienluan van; loi cam on chanthanh nhat tdi nhom KTP, tdi anh Nguyen Viet Due va anh CaoDue Pha da tan tinh chi bao va giup do toi trong qua trinh khao sat thuc tetai day chuyen

Xin chanthanh cam on!

Ha Noi, ngay thang nam 2013

Hoc vien

Le Thi Huong

Hocvien: Le Thi Hircrng

Chuyen nganh: Quan tri nhan lire

Ngirdi hird’ng dan khoa hoc: TS Vu Thi Uyen

Ngiroi nhan xet: PGS.TS Nguyen VTnh Giang

1 Y nghia cua de tai nghien ciru

Dinh muc lao dong la mot hoat dong doi hoi sir phoi hop chat che vequan ly, to chirc, ky thuat va cong nghe la cong cu dau tien va quan trong cua qua trinh san xuat trong mot doanh nghiep, dac biet trong nganh cong nghiep san xuat to, voi trinh do ky thuat dtrpe khang dinh nhu hang TOYOTA Phan xirong lap rap cua Cong ty la mot bophan chu lire voi yeu can ve ky thuat cong nghe rat chat che, chinh xac cua Cong ty Dinh mi'rc lao dong o day luon phai dirge xay dung,

ap dung va dieu chinh cho phu hop voi terng cong doan, tirng biroccong viec, trong tirng thdi ky san xuat, do vay no luon doi hoi sir quantarn thirong xuyen va thich dang Tac gia chon de tai hoan thien cong tac dinh muc tai xirong lap rap cua Cong ty O to TOYOTA Viet Nam

la mot chu de nghien ciru co y nghia rat thirc tien, rat can thiet trong tinh hinh hien nay, khi ma cong tac dinh mire lao dong trong cacdoanh nghiep noi chung co phan sao nhang, thieu chu trong quan tarn

2 Ve noi dung cua luan van

-Luan van da he thong hoa ly luan ve cong tac dinh muc: khai niem muc lao dong, dinh muc lao dong, cac nhan to anh hirong den dinh

X f 9 /

nghiep khac trong nganh Luan van de cap den cac dac diem san xuatkinh doanh cua Cong ty, phan tich cong tac dinh mure d phan xirdnglap rap tap trung danh gia quy trinh dinh mure qua cac birdc cdng viecvdi phirong phap phan tich khao sat ma phan xtrdng dang ap dung, phan tich cac nhan to anh hirdng den cdng tac dinh mire tai day, chi ra

nhung bat hop ly trong dinh mure khi toe do san xuat phu thuoc yeucau cua khach hang luon thay doi theo tirng thdi ky Tren co sonhung phan tich do de xuat cac giai phap hoan thien cdng tac dinh

mure tai phan xurdng lap rap, bang cac giai phap: chu trong dao tao,

cua day so, xay dung mure quan ly theo phirong phap thong ke kinhnghiem, nang cao ky nang cua can bo quan ly va can bo lam cdng tacdinh mure vv

3 Ve ket cau cua luan van

Luan van diroc trinh bay noi dung chinh vdi 109 trang danh may gom loi md dau va 3 chirong Chirong 1 gom 25 trang, chtrong II la 60 trang, chirong 3 gom 19 trang vdi noi dung de cap tirong doi logic

4 Nhfrng ket qua dat dupe cua luan van

- Luan van da xac dinh diroc noi dung co ban cua cdng tac dinh muc

la lap ke hoach, qua trinh xac dinh mdc, phirong phap, sir dung vadieu chinh mire

- Luan van chi ra diroc nhung dac diem cua cdng ty, cua doi ngu laodong cua phan xirdng lap rap Phan tich diroc nhung han che trongcdng tac dinh mire: lang phi thdi gian tir to chirc san xuat, phoi hop cdng viec giira cac bo phan, cac dich vu hanh chinh, tin hoc chira hop

ly, thong bao khao sat chira triet de, thdi diem khao sat chira thich hop,

2

nhan trong phan xudng, can bo dinh muc han che ve kien thirc ky nang chuyen nghiep vv nhung phan tich co coso thuyet phuc

- Cac dinh hirong giai phap cai tien cong tac dinh muc tap trung vao viec: chu trong dao tao cho can bo dinh muc va cac loai lao dong trong phan xirdng, lira chon thdi diem khao sat thich hop voi so lan do dai dien dac trirng va danh gia lai tinh on dinh cua day so do Xac dinhlai muc cho vi tri Cl-1 (lap cua) cung cac giai phap ho trp ngirdi laodong hoan thanh muc cac giai phap de xuat co tinh thuc tien va khathi

- Phuong phap nghien cuu phu hop, so lieu thong tin thu thap khao satphan tich dang tin cay van phong ngan gon, cac hinh ve, bang bieu va

co thehieu ro viec xac dinh muc d day nhu the nao

- Chua co so lieu thong ke va phan tich ve tinh hinh thirc hien cac muctrong phan xudng, so sanh voi cac muc chuan duoc quy dinh de thaydupe muc do hoan thanh muc cua cac loai lao dong trong phan xudng

- Cach trinh bay nen khai quat cong ty trudc, sau do trinh bay rieng ve phan xudng lap rap thi de theo doi hon Can chinh sua cac loi chinh ta

va in an

3

cac bo phan, cac cap quan ly, huy dong nhieu nguon luc va can co thoi gian Mac du luan van con mot so thieu sot nhat dinh, nhung la

De tai: Hoan thien cong tac dinh muc lao dong tai xird’ng lap rap cua Cong ty 6 to Toyota Viet Nam

Ngudi thuc hien

Hoc vien cao hoc

Chuyennganh

: Le Thi Huong : K20

: Quan tri nhan lire

Ngudi huong dan khoa hoc: TS.Vu Thi Uyen

Sau khi doc xong luanvan vdi de tai trenxin co nhanxet:

1 Tinh cap thiet cua de tai nghien cuu

Dinh muc lao dongnoi chung va dac biet ladinh muc ky thuatlao dong lacong cu quan trong de quan ly sanxuat, quan ly lao dong Tren co so cac muc lao dong co can cu khoa hoc ma cac nha quan ly co the phan tich hoat dong san xuat kinh doanh cua doanh nghiep, tinh kha nang san xuat cua doanh nghiep

2 Ve su* hop ly cua cac phuong phap nghien cuu

Luan van duqc tac gia su dung ket hop nhieu phuong phap nghien cuukhoahoc da dupe trang bi: phan tich, so sanh, tong hop va dac biet da tien hanli

1

95,8%/Tdng so phieu phat ra Phongvan sau 11 ngubi d 8 bo phan khac nhau colien quan den cong tac DMLD d xudnglap rap.

3 Thanh cong cua luan van

1)Ketcau de bai tuong doi hop ly

Chuong 1: 25 trang (24,2%/S trang)

Chuong2: 60 trang(58,2%/S trang)

Chuong 3: 18trang (17,5%/S trang)

2) Ly luan:

-Phan biet ro rang muc lao dong va dinh muc lao dong

- Trinhbaylogic nhung noi dung cua cong tac dinh muc lao dong

Thuc trang: Phan tich ti mi thuc trang cong tac DMLD tai xudng lap rapTMV rut ra 6 uu diem va 6 nhugc diem

Giai phap: 4 nhom giai phap hoan thien congtac DMLD tai xudng lap rap

2) Trang 15: Can cu dieu 57 bo luat Lao dong da bo sung, sua doi nam

2006 => can cap nhatthong tin mod: Luat Lao dong da dugc sua doi 11/2012 vathi hanh tir 1/7/2013

3) Trang 14: Phuong phap tong hgp kinh nghiem —> phai la phuong phapthong ke kinh nghiem

4) Trang 52: Bude 1 xac dinh QTSX va phan chia QTSX thanh cac bo phan hgp thanh

2

nguon tai lieu tac gia trich dan cua phong DT SXTMV con viec phan chia QTSX lai n^m d phu luc 3 qui trinh cong nghe tai nha may TMV voi 5 congdoan Dap —> Han —> Son —> Lap rap (3 bo phan: Trim -> Chasiss —> Final)

5) Trang 54: Bang 2.17 thong ke so lupng BCV tuong ung voi tung mau

xe Tac gia co vietAl co 25 lao dong trong day chuyenuong ung moi ngudi laodong phai dam nhan tu 374- 40 BCV/ngudi Tai A2 voi 43 lao dong 51-52 BCV/ngudi => co 2 van de:

- Al: khong phai la 37 4- 40 BCV/ngudima la 2046:25 = 82 va 1878: 25 =

74 => co nghiala tu74 4- 82 BCV/ngudi

- Otrang 52 tac giaviet BCV/hay trong cac tai lieu cua TMV duoc goi lacac yeuto cong viec) la don vi congviec de giao cho ngudi lao dong va can doicong viec giua cac tram Cach goi la TMV la dung va theo toi co chinh la thao

A

tac(hoac lanhomthao tac)con BCV => quay vephu luc 3

+ Trim co 5 BCV: Thao cua —> Lap day dien —» Lap ong dan dau —> lap

3

Huong xungdang nhan hoc vi thac si QTNL cuatrudng DH KTQD.

Ha Noi, ngay 15 thang 12 nam 2013

PGS.TS Nguyen Ngoc Quan

Trao doi vdi tac gid:

1) The nao la DMLB, Dinh muc ky thuat lao dong? Doi tupng cua dinh

taiTMV ratnhieu(12-j-17'/xe - T32 —> Day truyen tai Honda co muc do tu dong

hoa cao hon TMV tir dong hoa con thap thao tac do con ngudi thuc hien hoan

toan thu cong)

+Bang 2.5 danhgia doi tupng khao sat 5/13 tai Chasis Al (T62)

+Bang 3.1 ke hoach phat trien cua TMV (tr.91)

4

Chu tich Hoi dong

Cam ket cua I19C vien7

(Ky va ghi rd ho ten)

Hoc vien

(Ky va ghi rd ho ten)

■ Neu hoc vien co trach nhiem chinh sua theo yeu cau cua Hoi dbng chdm luan van Trong trubng hop khong chinh sua se long duoc cong nhan ket qua bao ve

Hoc vien phai dong ban yeu cBu chinh sua nay vao cuoi luan van chinh thuc khi nop cho vien BT SDH

LOI CAM DOAN

LOI CAM ON

DANH MUC CHU CAI VIET TAT

DANH MUC BANG BIEU

DANH MUC SO DO

TOM TAT LUAN VAN

x •> a.

LOI MO DAU 1

Chuong 1: C O SO LY LUAN VE CONG TAC DINH MUC LAO DONG TRONG DOANH NGHIEP 7

1.1 Muc lao dong va dinh muc lao d ong 7

1.1.1 Khai niem muc laodong va dinhmuc lao dong 7

1.1.2 Cac loai muc lao dong 8

1.1.3 Yeu cau ve muc lao dong vadinh muc lao dong 10

1.1.4 Vai tro cua dinhmuc lao dong 11

1.1.5 Cac nhan to anh hudng toi muc laodong va dinh muc lao dong 13

1.2 Con g tac di n h mi re lao dong 16

1.2.1 Lap ke hoach dinh muc lao dong 16

1.2.2 Quy trinh dinh muc lao dong 17

1.2.3 Sudung va dieuchinh muc la dong 22

1.2.4 Cacphuong phap dinh muc lao dong 23

1.3 Kinh nghiem dinh muc tai mot so doanh nghiep khac trong nganh 29

1.4 Su can thiet hoan thien cong tac dinh muc lao dong t a i T MV 30

Chuong 2: PHAN TICH THUC TRANG CONG TAC DINH MUC LAO DONG TAI XUONG LAP RAP - TMV 32

2.1 Mot so dac diem cua Cong ty o to Toyota Viet Nam (TMV) anh huo ’ ng den cong tac dinh muc lao dong 32

2.1.1 Quatrinh hinh thanh va phat trien cua TMV 32

2.1.4 Co cau to chuc 40

2.1.5 Dac diem ngudn nhan luc 42

2.1.6 Ket qua san xuat kinh doanh nhung nam gan day: 48

> r 2.2 Thuc trang ve cong tac dinh muc lao dong tai xudng lap rap -Cdng ty 6 to Toyota Viet Nam 52

2.2.1 Lap kehoachdinh muc lao dong 52

2.2.2 Quy trinh dinh muc lao dong tai xucmg lap rap 52

2.2.3 Su dungva dieuchinh muc lao dong 72

2.2.4 Cac nhan to anh huongden congtac dinh muc lao dong taiTMV 86

2.3 Nhan xet ve cdng tac dinh muc lao dong tai xuong lap rap TMV 89

2.3.1 Vudidm 89

2.3.2 Nhuoc diem 90

Chuong 3: MOT SO GIAI PHAP NHAM HOAN THIEN CONG TAC DINH MUC LAO DONG TAI XUDNG LAP RAP - TMV 92

3.1 Dinh huong phat trien cua TMV 92

3.2 Mot so giai phap nham hoan thien cdng tac dinh mire lao dong tai xudng lap rap 94

3.2.1 Giai phap nhamnang cao chat luong can bo dinh muc 94

3.2.2 Nhom giai phap nham nang cao chat luqng khao sat 95

3.2.3 Nhom giam phap nham ho trqngucri lao donghoan thanh muc de ra 101

3.2.4 Nhom giai phaphoan thienmuc quan ly 105

3.3 Cac kien nghi nham hoan thien cdng tac dinh muc lao dong tai xudng lap rap - TMV 107

KET LUAN 110 DANH MUC TAI LIEU THAM KHAO

PHU LUC

TMC Congty 6 td Toyota Nhat BanTMV Cdngty d to Toyota Viet NamBCV Bude cdngviec

NLD Ngudi lao dong

DMLD Dinh muc lao dong

Bang 1.1: Nhom cac phuong phap tong hop 25

Bang 1.2 Phuong phapphan tich tinh toan 26

Bang 1.3: Phuong phap phan tich khao sat 27

Bang 1.4: Phuong phap so sanh dienhinh 28

Bang 1.5 Nhom cac phuong phap phan tich 29

Bang 2.1: Phan hang cacdong 6to 34

r r r Bang 2.2: Mot so may moc, thietbi xuong lap rap 37

Bang 2.3: Cac mau xe lap rap tai nhamay Toyota Viet Nam 40

Bang 2.4: Co caulaodong quan ly tai cac bo phan 41

Bang 2.5: Co caulaodong theo gidi tinh 42

Bang 2.6: Co cau theo nhom tuoi 43

Bang 2.7: Co caulaodong theo tham nien 44

Bang 2.8: Co cau laodong theo chuc nang 45

Bang 2.9: Co cau laodong theo trinh do hoc van 46

Bang2.10: Co caulaodong theo 3 nghe quan trong nhat 47

Bang 2.11: Co caulao dong nghi viec 48

Bang 2.12: Ket quakinh doanh tren cac linh vuc 48

Bang 2.13: Phan tinh cocau tai san, nguon von 49

Bang 2.14: Ty so kha nang thanh toan va sinh loi 50

Bang 2.15: Ty so quan ly nova tang truong 51

r r Bang 2.16: Kehoach dinh muc lao dong tai xuong lap rap - TMV 52

Bang 2.17: Thong ke so lupng budc congviec tuong ungvoi ttrng mauxe 55

Bang 2.18: Quy dinh ve ca lam viec tai TMV 56

r r Bang 2.19: Phan bo thdi gian lam viec tai xuong lap rap 56

Bang 2.20: Ket qua chup anh ngaylam viec cua To truong- Chassis Al 57

Bang 2.21: Ket qua chup anh ngaylam viec cua vi tri Cl-l-Chassis Al 58

Bang 2.22: Quy trinh dinh muctai TMV 59

Bang2.25: Danh gia doi tuong tham gia khao sat tai Chassis Al, thang

05/2013 63

Bang2.26: Khao sat ve hieu qua viecthong bao trudckhi khao sat 64

Bang 2.27: Danh giatacdong cua cdngtac khao sat budc cdng viectdi NLD 65

Bang 2.28: Ketqua do thdi gian thao tactram C1 -1 67

Bang 2.29: Danh gia cua ngudi lao dong ve khoi luong cdng viec duoc giao 69

Bang3.1: Ke hoach phat trien cua TMV 92

Bang 3.2: Khao sat thdi gian ngudi laodongmet moi nhat 96

Bang 3.3: Quytrinhthong bao trudc khi khao sat 97

Bang3.4: Xac dinh so lan do tdi thieu 98

Bang 3.5: So lan do tdi thieu tai moi xudng 98

Bang 3.6: Moi quanhe gitra tan so xuat hien va gia tri do bi loai 99

Bang 3.7: So sanh mot so tieu chikhao sat cua TMV vacua ngudi viet 100

Bang 3.8: Ket qua khao sat budc cdng viec Dat ga giam soc - Cl-1, Chassis Al 100

Bang 3.9: Danh gia chat luong lao dong 102

Bang 3.10: Danh gia dieu kien lam viectai TMV 104

Bang 3.11: Thong ke so luong lao dong quan ly qua cac nam tai xudng lap rap 105

Bang 3.12: Thong ke ty le lao dongquan ly tai cac xudng 106

Bang 3.13: Danh gia cua ngudi lao dong ve hieu qua lam viec cua ngudi quan lu 106

So do 1.1 Qua trinh san xuat 17

So dd 1.2: Phan chia qua trnh san xuat thanh cac bo phan hop thanh 18

So do 1.3: Phan loai haophi thdi gian lam viec cuanguoi laodong 20

So do 2.1 : Quy trinh cdng nghe san xuat tai TMV 39

So do 2.2: Quy trinh phan chia qua trinh san xuat thanh cac bo phan hop thanh 53

So do 2.3: Bang Yamazumi tai Chasiss Al 68

Sodo2.4: Hoi dong dinhmuc tai TMV 71

So dd 2.5: Muc lao dong va cdngtac KHHNNL 72

LE THIHUONG

CHUYEN NGANH: QUAN TRI NHAN LUC

TOM TAT LUAN• VAN

Trudc sue ep canh tranh do md cua thi trudng nhap khau vao nam 2018 cacdoanh nghiep nganh6 to can cd chien luge nham dam bao san pham cd du sue canhtranh Dinh muc la cdng tac quan trong cua to chuc lao dong khoa hoc, dinh muclao dong tot se giam dugc cac hao phi trong san xuat dan den giam gia thanh, nangcao sue canh tranh cua san pham Tai Cong ty o to Toyota Viet Nam (TMV), do dac thu san xuattheo quytrinh keo, cdng tac dinh muc ton tai so diem bat cap can dugc dieu chinh, do do tac gia da lua chgn nghien cuu detai “Hoan thien cdng tac dinh mice lao dong tai xuffng lap rap - Cong ty d td Toyota Viet Nam”

Muc dich nghien cuu cua de tai la he thong hoa co sd ly thuyet ve dinh muclao dong lam can cu cho qua trinh nghien cuu va phan tich, danh gia nhung uu nhugc diem va de xuat giai phap nham hoan thien cdng tac dinh muc tai xudng laprap, trenco sddo nhan rong cho cac phanxudng khac

Doi tugng nghien cuu la cdng tac dinh muc tai TMV, phan tich cu the tai xudng lap rap; pham vi nghien cuu la sd lieu cua 5 nam tir 2009 den thdi diem thang 08/2013 Sd lieu dugc thu thap thong qua dieu tra bang hoi va phong van, xu

ly thong qua so sanh, tong hgp.Ve noi dung chinh cua luan van, tac gia ket cau thanh 3 chuong

Chirong 1 - Co’ sd ly luan ve cdng tac dinh muc lao dong trong doanh nghiep

1.1 Muc lao dong va dinh muc lao dong

Luan van thong ke cac dinh nghia muc lao dong va dinh muc lao dong cuacac trudng va lua chgn dinh nghia cua TS Vu Thi Uyen - giang vien Trudng Dai hgc kinh te quoc dan lamcd sd ly thuyet Theo do, muc lao dong la lugng lao donghgp ly nhat dugc quy dinh de san xuat ra mot don vi san pham hoac motkhdi lugng

cong viec nhat dinh, dam bao ve mat so lugng va chat lugng trong nhung dieu kien

san xuat - td chuc ky thuat nhatdinh

Dinh muc lao dong, theo nghia hep la viec xay dung muc cho tat cacac loai

A • A r T''1 1'*' * -* 1 * A I 5 A • A I A j \ • A A J •

cong viec Theo nghia rong duoc hieu la cong viec bao gom tu viec xay dung, xin

phe duyet cho den dua muc vao thuc te va tien hanh sua doi muc Do la qua trinh

du tinh cua to chuc de hoan thanh cOng viectheo du tinh ky thuat dat nang suat caonhat co the

Muc lao dong duoc nghien cuu bao gOm 7 loai: Muc thoi gian, muc san

luong, muc phuc vu, muc bien che, muc quan ly, muc tuong quan, muc lao dong tong hop Muc thoi gian trong thuc te la co so xuat phat de tinh cac loai muc khac

ve thoi gian lam viec, la thudc do lao dong noi chung va ve nguyen tac dinh muclao dong la xac dinh hao phi thoi gian lao dong can thiet de hoan thanh mot cong

viec nayhay cong viec kia

Muc ap dung phai dam bao la muc trung binh tien tien, xay dung tren co so

cap bac cOng viec va phu hop vdi cap bac cOng nhan, Ngoai ra chi tinh nhung haophi lao dong thuoc ve ban than doanh nghiep Vai tro cua muc duoc xem xet thong

qua cac hoat dong lap ke hoach lao dong, to chuc lao dongkhoahoc, phan phoi theo

lao dong, nang cao giathanh san pham va giam gia thanhsan pham

Qua trinh xay dung muc can can nhac den cac nhan to anh huong ben trong

va ben ngoai Nhan to ben trong bao gOm: quan diem cua ban lanh dao, chien luoc phat trien cua to chuc, trinh do cong nghe, dac diem san xuat kinh doanh, dac diem

lao dong, phuong phap dinh muc va nang luc cua can bo dinh muc Nhan to ben

ngoai bao gOm: he thong luat phap nuoc so tai, quan ly Nha nudc ve cong tac dinhmuc,va chien luoc cua doi thu canh tranh

1.2 Cong tac dinh muc lao dong

Tim hieu quy trinh, thoi diem va bo phan chiu trach nhiem thuc hien lap kehoach dinh muc tai xuong lap rap Congtac dinh muc bao gOm ba noi dung chinh:

lap kehoach, quy trinh dinh muc va viec sudung, dieu chinh muc

Lap ke hoach dinh muc la len ke hoach chuan bi cho muc mdi, ke hoach

khao sat va danh gia lai cac muc da cu, cac muc sai trong dieu kiento chuc san xuat

da thay doi

Quy trinh dinh muc gOm babudc: Phan chia qua trinh san xuat thanh cac bo

phan hop thanh, phan loai hao phi thoi gian lam viec va xay dung muc Tai buoc

mot, de cap den dinh nghia qua trinh san xuat, cac each phan loai va nghien cuu quatrinh san xuat ve mat cong nghe va mat lao dong Buoc hai phan loai loai hao phi thoi gian lamviec thanh cac loai hao phi khac nhau, bao gom: thoi gian chuan ket,thoi gian tac nghiep, thoi gian phuc vu, thoi gian nghi ngoi va nhu cau can thiet, thoi gian lang phi Buoc cuoi cung xay dung muc, theo phuong phap tong hop hoac

1.3 Kinh nghiem dinh muc tai mot so doanh nghiep khac trong nganh

Tien hanh tim hieu cong tac dinh muc tai Toyota Thai Lan va Honda Viet

Nam, phan tich nhung diem dac trung ve nha may, quy trinh cong nghe vacong tacdinh muctai cac nha may nay, qua dorutra nhung diem TMV co the hoc hoi va rut

kinh nghiem can cu tren co sd ha tang hien tai va dinh huong phat trien nha may

tuong lai

Viec hoan thien cong tac dinh muc tai TMV xuat phat tu nhung nguyen nhanchu quan va khach quan Nguyennhan chu quan do san xuat theo phuong thuc keo

khien toc do san xuat thuong xuyen thay doi cung nhung ddi hoi ngay cang cao ve chat luong san pham, nang cao nang xuat lao dong Nguyen nhan khach quan do

nhung dieu chua hop ly trong cong tac dinh muc tai xudng lap rap: thoi diem khao

sat, so lan khao sat toi thieu hay viec danhgiatinh on dinh cua day so bam gio

Chuong 2: Phan tich thuc trang cong tac dinh mrc tai xudng lap rap - TMV

2.1 Mot so dac diem cua TMV co anh hi r e di g den cong tac dinh mi r

Tim hieu suphat trien cua TMV, dac biet la su phattrien ve co so ha tang, trangthiet bi vanang suat lao dong qua cac thdi ky TMV bat dau kinh doanh tai Viet Nam

tu nam 1995, giai doan 1995 - 1999 co cau to chuc cua TMV Oyoc hoan thien, giaidoantu nam 2000 den nay, TMVdau ty hoan thien day chuyencongnghe

Dac diem san xuat kinh doanh bao gom cac noi dung ve l nh vuc san xuat kinh doanh, nghien cuu ve doi thu canh tranh nganh va doi thu canh tranh tiem an

Ba linh vuc kinh doanh chinh cua TMV la: san xuat, lap rap va kinh doanh oto; suachua, bao duongkinh doanh phu tung va lnh vuc xuat khau linh kien Doi thu canhtranh duoc xet theo tung phan hang dong xe va canh tranh ve gia doi voi cac sanpham cua Ford, Hondo, Nissan va GM Viet Nam

ve quy trinh cong nghe xem xet he thong co so ha tang, trang thiet bi may moc va nguyen vat lieu cua TMV noi chung va tai xuong lap rap noi rieng Trang

thiet bi may moc xem xet ve thdi gian su dung, gia tricOn lai va cong suat su dung; liet ke vadanh gia cac nha cung cap nguyenvatlieu cho TMV

Co cau to chuc voi nhung tai lieu ve so do co cau to chuc cua TMV va chitiet tai xuong lap rap, timhieu chuc nang nhiem vu cua cac phong ban chuc nang va

phan tich ty le quan ly tai mdi bo phan tai TMV la truc tuyen chuc nang Dung dau

la Tong giam doc do Toyota Nhat Ban (TMC) bo nhiem, Pho tong giam doc do

VEAM bo nhiem Cong ty gom 5 khoi chuc nang, trong do xuong lap rap thuoc ve

khoi San xuat Xuong chia ra ba chuc nang chinh: nhom du an va ky su lap rap dotruc tiep truong pho phOng quan ly; nhom day chuyen lap rap quan ly truc tiep boicactotruongva nhom truong

De tim hiem dac diem nguon nhan luc, tien hanh phan tich co cau lao dong tai xuong lap rap trong moi tuong quan so sanhvoi ty le chung cua TMV tai cac noi

dung: co cau gioi tinh, tuoi, tham men, co cau theo chuc nang, trinh do hoc van va

cocau nghe Ngoai ra, xem xet chi tieu lao dong nghi viec, danh gia ty le nghi viec

cua xuong lap rap vacac nguyen nhannghi viec chuyeu

Ket qua san xuat kinh doanh nhung nam can day thehien trong Bang can doi

ke toan vaBao cao ket qua kinh doanhtrong 3 nam: 2010, 2011 va 2012 qua do tinhtoan cac chi so: co cau tai san, nguon von; kha nang thanh toan va sinh loi; ty so quan ly no va tang truong Danh gia tac dong cua xuong lap rap den ket qua hoatdong san xuat, kinh doanh

2.2 Thuc trang cong tac dinh mire tai xirdng lap rap - TMV

Tim hieu ke hoach dinh muc xay dung trong truong hop muc moi va dieuchinh muc, xac dinh thoi diem vatrach nhiem cua phong ban lien quan Do co cacnhom chuyen trach va chu dong nam bat diem thay doi viec lap ke hoach tai TMV duoc tien hanh mot each chu dong.Doi voi quy trinh dinh muc, lan luot tim hieu thuc te trien khaitung budc, cu the:

Budc 1 - Phan chia qua trinh san xuat xac dinh quy trinh tai TMV (TMC daotao cho TMAP, TMAP dao tao cho Toyota khu vuc Dong Nam A) Thanh phan tham gia la nhom san xuat, du anva ky sulap rap Budc 2, quatim hieu calam viectai TMV (ca hanh chinh va ca san xuat), tien hanh chup anh bam gid ngay lam viec cua ngudi td truong va cong nhan vi tri Cl-1 Ket qua chup anh cho thay he sothoigian cd ich tuong doi cao 0,96 - 0,97 Thoi gian lang phi chu yeu do khau thu tuchanh chinh, phan cong cong viec sau gid lam chua rd rang va trong qua trinh lam viec co su tuong tac voi ben ngoai Budc 3 - Xay dung muc bang phuong phap phan tich khao sat thong bam gidthuc hien budc cong viec cua NLD Tai budc 3, TMV chia thanh 7 budc congviec nhd

Budc 3-1, tien hanh quay phim quatrinh thao tac cua NLD Can bo dinh muc

Can cu thui gian cua tung BCV se tien hanh lap bang can bang day chuyen

doi trong khoi luong congviec, can bo dinhmuc se khao sat lai cac vi tri co su thay doi

(buoc 3-5) sau do tien hanhdao taoNLD de ap dung thu muc moi (buoc 3-6) truoc khi

xin phe duyet bdi bophan va Tong giamdoc(buoc3-7)

Muc duoc su dung trong cong tac: KHH NNL, dao tao, phan cong hiep taclao dongva cong tac tien luong Cong tac KHH NNL dac biet la xac dinh cau trongngan han can can cutren khoi luong cong viec/NLD vatoc do san xuat, danh gia suchenh lechgiua nhan su thuc te va ke hoach Doi voi hoat dong dao tao, dua ra dieu

kien ap dung muc va so sanh voi ket qua dao tao, ngoai ra xudng lap rap co de ra

muc tieu dao tao rieng, bo sung vao nhung yeu cau nham dam bao hoan thanh muc

va ke hoach de ra Trong cong tac phan conghiep tac lao dong, muc la can cu xac dinh thoi gian cap phat hang va so luong hang du tru hop ly tai moi vi tri Tuy

nhien, loi thua/thieu cap phat hang lam cham day chuyen co xu huong tang de ra

yeu cau cac xudng va phdng ban can trao doi de cai tien quy trinh phat hang hien tai Doi voi cong tac tien luong, do tra cong theo thangTMV can dam bao can bang

khoi luong cong viec giua nhung nguui lao dong Ngoai ra, xem xet viec tang giamnhan su se anh hudng truc tiep den quy luong, do vay, cong tac KHH NNL can duoc tien hanh hieu qua

De cap den cac nhan to anh hudng den cong tac dinh muc do la: Phuong

phap dinh muc lao dong, nang luc cua canbo dinhmuc, quy trinh cong nghe va dac diem san xuat Phuong phap dinh muc thui gian tai xudng lap rap la phan tich khaosat TMV su dung phuong phap rat khoa hoc la phan tich khao sat de xay dung muc Doi voi bo phan xay dung muc co nhom chuyen trach, tuy nhien con doi hdi

su tham gia cua nhieu phong ban, doi hdi phai co su hop tac tot va thong tin nhanh

chong Ve mat quy trinh cong nghe, lap rap tai TMV phan lon do con nguoi truc

tiepthuc hien, do vay, can bo dinh muc can dau tu rat nhieu thoi gian de tien hanh khao sat thoi gian cho ca hai day chuyen Mot nhan to quan trong do la dac diem

san xuatcua TMV lasan xuat keo, chi san xuat theoyeu cau cua khach hang do vay

ma toc do san xuat phai dieu chinh theo toc do ban hang Dieu nay dan den su thay doi kha thuong xuyen muc thoi gian quy dinh de lap rap hoan thien mot xe Viec

lap rap nhieu ddng xe tren cung mot day chuyen cung khien cho cong tac khao satxay dung muc phuc tap hon

2.3 Nhan xet ve cong t ac d i nh mi r e t a i xi r t ni g l ap rap - TMV

Cac ke hoach dinh muc luon dugc thiet lap nham chu dong truoc cac bien

dong ve san xuat, cong nghe hay san pham Phan chia qua trinh san xuat thanh cac

bo phan hgp thanh dugc tien hanh khoa hoc, tren co so tai lieu huong dan cuaTMC, TMAP va dieuchinh cho phu hop voidieu kien san xuat cua TMV

Hieu qua su sung thoi gian lamviec cao, cac lang phi con ton tai tuy nhien co

the cat giam dugc, dac biet la cac lang phi den tunguyen nhan cua to chuc (thoi gian cho dgi giao hang, thoi gian cho dgi khi phai lam viec voi cacbophan chuc nang)

TMV su dung phuong phap phan tich khao sat de xay dung muc Day la

phuong phap het suc khoahoc va dem lai do chinh xac cao

Sau khi xay dung, muc thuc su dugc gan voi cac cong tac KHH NNL, congtac dao tao, tien luong va phan cdng, hiep tac lao dong , dam bao moi quan he tuongquan va thong nhat khi dua mucvao thucte

Tuy nhien, cac can bo quan ly bo phan dang gap kho khan ve mat thiet bi

may tinh phuc vu cho cong viec va con yeu ve mat ky nang van phong Can bo dinh muc chua dugc dao taochinh quy vekien thuc dinh muc

Khau thong bao truoc khi khao sat va danh gia tinh on dinh cua day so chua

hieu qua; thoi diem khao sat tai TMV chua mang tinh dai dien cao so lan khao sat dang dugc quy dinh can cu tren kinh nghiem cua can bo dinh muc chua dugc tinh

toanmot cach khoahoc

Phuong thuc san xuat Toyota doi hoi NLD phai dap ung cac tieu chuan ky

nang ca ve chieu rong va chieusau, dong thoico kha nang thich ungvoi nhung biendoi Do do ap luc trong cong viec la khien NLD met moi va thieu dong luc trong cong viec.

Chuong 3: Mot so giai phap nham hoan thien cong tac dinh muc tai xudng lap

rap cua TMV

Xem xet tam nhin cua Toyota toan cau, cua TMV noi chung va muc tieu cuthe tai xuong lap rap Tam nhin toan cau den 2020 cua Toyota la hudng den muc

tieu tro thanh mot doanh nghiep luon mang den su hai long va hanh phuc khi lua chon san pham Tai TMV do la duy tri vi tri so mot ve Chi so hai long khach hang

trong linh vuc Dichvu sau banhang, giu vung thi phan 31% (dandau thi truong)va

xay dung chuoi dich vu khep kin tien loi cho khach hang va vdi xuong lap rap,nham dam bao muc tieu chat luong, tai xuong lap rap de cao cong tac an toan va

nang cao khanang nhan biet loi cua NLD

lap rap

De nang cao chat luong can bo dinh muc, cac khoa hoc ngan han la giaiphap

phu hop trong truong hop nay, vi thoi gian dao tao khong keo dai lau va tap trungvao cac kien thuc ve dinh muc Bo phan co the can nhac 2 phuong an: Mot la hoc

tai truong, hai la moi thay co ve giang day moi cuoi tuancuoi tuan

Doi vdi chat luong khao sat, can thuc hien dong thoi cac dieu chinh lienquan den: thoi diem khao sat, so lan bam gio toi thieu va xac dinh tinh on dinh cua

day so Thoi diemkhao sat se can cu vao subien doi suc lao dong trong mot ca lamviec, cu the co 3 thoi diem can khao sat: (1) sau khi bat dau lam viec 1 tieng - giai doan suc lao dong co xu hudnggia tang; (2) tu 9h den lOh- giai doan suc lao dong

on dinh va it xay ra loi nhat tai TMV; (3) sau gio nghi trua tu 12h den 13h - giao

doan NLD cho rangho cam thay met moi nhat (chiem 35% y kien khao sat)

So lan bamgio toithieu can cu tren 2 tieu chi: yeu cau ve dochinh xac trong

truong hop nguoi lao dong phai thuc hien hon 20 budc cong viec dong nhat trongmot thang la tu 15% - 20% Loai hinh san xuat hang loat ldn thoi gian thao tac tren

10 giay, cong viec la thu cong may, he so on dinh tieu chuan K6dCp = 1,3 Do do,

TMV phai bamit nhat 4 lan

Ket qua bam gio cung can xac dinh he so on dinh thuc te, so sanh vdi KMcp=

1,3 Neu Kodtt <Kodcp day so daon dinh, neu Kodtt > Kodcp day so chuu on dinh,

ta can loai bo gia tri tmax hoac tmin Viec loai bo phai tien hanli theophuong thuc:

nuu hai so hang cung xuat hien cung tan so ta loai tmax., neu hai so hang khong cung

tan so xuat hien, ta loai so hang co tan so xuat hien nho hon Nuu so luong cac s0

hang bi loai > 25% thi dyy so phai bam gio lai Cu tiup tuc kiem tra theo cach nay

cho dUn khi dyy so On dinh KUt qua khao sat lai vi tri C 1-1, ChassisAl khi ap dung nhung dieu hUinU tren day cho thay, muc hien tai dang thap hon kUt qua tac gia

khao sat, do do viec hoan thanh muc gap ap luc cho nguoi lao dong

DU ho tro hoan thanh muc dy de ra, dao tao la phuongan dau tien giup NLD nang cao duoc ky nang cua minh ca ve chieu sau va chieu rong nham dap ung doihoi cao ve tinh linh hoat cua day chuyen De gia tang thoi gian dao tao cho nhanvien mdi, can rut ngan thoi gian tinh toan nhan su va tuyen dung tronu 4 tuan, danh

2 thang con lai de dao tao, trudc khi day chuyen thay dOi toc do san xuat (takt time)

Ngoai ra, de dam bao NLD dam bao suc khoe tot nhat va dam bao an toan trong quatrinh lam viec, can nang cao chat luong bua an va hudng dan NLD su dung thiUt bi

bao ho dung cach

Tai TMV, ty le lao dong truc tiUp duoc quan ly boi moi tO truong, moi nhom truong chua duoc thiUt lap muc De quy chuan muc va quan ly xuong mot cachkhoa hoc, tac gia de xuat xay dung muc quan ly theo phuong phap thong ke kinhnghiem ty le quan ly tai xuong lap rap nlnn chung kha On dinh trong vong nam

tro lai day, trung binh la 25% lao dong quan ly trong tOng so NLD xuong lap rap, kha tuong duongvdi cac xuong khac Nhu vay, ty le quan ly nay phO biUn tai TMV

Tuy hUieh, de dam bao muc quan ly nay dat hieu qua tot, cac can bo quan ly can

trau doi hon nua ky nang tin hoc cua minh

3.3 Cac kien nghi nham hoan thien cdng tac dinh mure lao dong tai xudng lap rap cua cong ty 6 to Toyota Viet Nam

Ban lanh dao cap cao can tao dieu kien cho cac can bo dinh muc dugc cu di hoc tap ve kien thuc dinh muc, cai thien moi truong lam viec, truoc tien la nhung

Vdi canbo, cdng nhan tai xudng laprap, ngudi lao dong trong can cd thaidodong gop tich cue va giup do cac can bo dinh muc trong qua trinh khao sat Thongqua cdng doan hoac giam sat true tiep la kenh thong tin de hg phan anh nhung vdn

degap phai lien quan den muc dang ap dung

Xuat phat tu cac lang phitrong thdi gian lam viec cua ngudi Td trudng nhom Chassis Al den tir thdi gian chd dgi lien quan den cac thu tuc hanh chinh De catgiam lang phi tuong duongvdi cat giam thdi gian chdva cat giam sd lancac phongban phai len xac nhan

L0I MO DAU

1 Ly do lua chon de tai

Trong cam ket gia nhap WTO cua Viet Nam, den nam 2018 thue nhap khau

doi voi mat hang o to nguyen chiec se d muc 0% 5% ap dung cho xe nhap kh£u tucac nuoc ASEANva cac nuoc thanh vien WTO Viec md cuathi truong o to nhap khau gay suc ep canh tranh toi cac doanh nghiep lap rap o to trong nuoc bdi tutruoc den nay cac doanh nghiep nay luon nhan duoc nhieu uu dai cung nhu bao ho

tu chinh sach nha nuoc Moi doanh nghiep o to se co chien luoc va buoc di cuarieng minh de ton tai va phat trien, tuy nhien, de dam bao tinh canh tranh cho sanpham, viec danh gia lai quy trinh san xuat nham han che toi da lang phi cung nhukiem soatchat che tieu chuan chat luong la dieu can thiet

Dinh muc la mot trong nhung cong tac quan trong cua to chuc lao dong khoahoc quyet dinhtoi nang suat lao dong, toi gia thanh san pham va cong tac kehoachhoa lao dong Dinh muc lao dong tot se giam duoc cac hao phi trong san xuat danden giam gia thanh, nang cao suc canh tranh cua san pham tren thi truong Viecdanh gia va hoan thien dinh muc la buoc di can thiet doi voi cac doanh nghiep noi

chung va doanh nghiep lap rap o to noi rieng trong boi canh md rong tu do hoa thi

truong o to tai Viet Nam

Cong ty o to Toyota VietNam (TMV) gia nhap thi truong o to Viet Nam tuthoi diem thi truong con so khai, cho den nay, voi vi the dan dau cung hon 220.000

khach hang da tin dung san pham, TMV van no luc khong ngung de mang toi

nhung san pham ngay cang hoan thien hon cung nhu dong gop tich cuc cho su phat trien nganh o to Viet Nam Thua hudng quy trinh san xuat noi tieng TPS (ToyotaProduction System) cua Toyota Nhat Ban, cac san pham cua TMV luon co loi thecanh tranh ve gia cung nhu su dam bao ve chat luong bdi he thong kiem soat nghiem ngat trong tung khauva phuong thuc to chuc lao dong khoa hoc Tuynhien,cung nhu cac doanh nghiep lap rap o to trong nuoc, TMV cung dang phai doi matvoi nhung thach thuc den tu su md cua cua thi truong

Tren co sd quy trinh san xuat TPS Toyota luon huongtoi muc tieu cat giam toi da nhung lang phi khong can thiet, tiet kiem toi da trong san xuat va khuyen

khich su cai tien, mat khac nen mong cua TPS la Cong viec duoc tieu chuan hoa

(Standardized Work - SW)- su phan chia cac budc congviec va thao tac trong tungcong doan, tac gia da danh thdi •gian nghien cuu ve muc va cong tac dinh muc tai xudng laprap TMV Qua trinh nghien cuu da phat hien ra mot so diem bat cap nhu:

toc do san xuat thudngxuyen dieu chinh theo yeu cau thi trudng lam thay doi khoi

luong cong viec dam nhan tai moi vi tri, phuangphap khao sat bam gid chua danh gia va tinh toan mot cach khoa hoc so lan bam gid can thiet va tinh hop ly cua sd lieu bam gid, thdi gian dao tao cho cong nhan khi dieu chinhmuc chua hop ly, chua

xay dungmuc quan ly Ben canh do, congtac dinh muctai TMVcung gap phai mot

so kho khan do la muc thudng phai xay dung lai sau khoang 3 den 4 nam, can bo

dinh muc chua duoc dao tao kien thuc chuyen nganh ve dinh muc Vdi dinh hudng

cua quy trinh san xuat TPS cung thuc te ton tai trong cong dinh muc tai TMV, tacgia da quyet dinh chon de tai nghien cuu cho luan van cua minh do la “Hoan thien

cong tac dinh muc lao dong tai xudng lap rap cua Cong ty o to Toyota Viet Nam”.Tac gia mongrang nhung tim hieu va nghien cuunghiem tuc cua minh se la nguon

tai lieu huu ich nham hoan thien hon nua cong tac dinh muctai Congty o to ToyotaVietNam dong thdi gopphan duacong tac dinh muc tai xudnglap raptrdthanh mo hinh thamkhao va nhanrong cho cac phan xudng khactrong cong ty

ve mat ly thuyet, cong tac dinh muc lao dong da duoc nhieu tac gianghien cuu va xuat ban thanh sach Tac gia da co dieu kien tiep can vdi Giaotrinh Dinh muc lao dong (tap 1 va tap 2) cua tac gia Nguyen Tiep do nha xuatban Lao dong xa hoi xuat bannam 2010; Giao trinh to chuc lao dong khoa hoctrong xi nghiep (luu hanh noi bo) ( tap 1 va tap 2) cua trudng dai hoc Kinh td

quoc dan Hai cuon sach da de cap rat cu the cac ly thuyet ve muc va dinh muc

cung nhu nhung ung dung trong mot so cong viec cu the Bai giang dinh muc

lao dong cua giang vien Ngo The Binh - trudng dai hoc Mo dia chat va TS Vu

Thi Uyen - truong dai hoc kinh te quoc dan gop phangiai thich chi tiet hon voi

nhieu vi du minh hoa cho hoc vien

Ve mat thuc te, cac nghien cuuve de tai dinh muc cua bac sau dai hoc khong

nhieu, gan day la de tai nghien cuu cua hoc vienCao Ngoc Bich - Hoc vien cao hockhoa 19 cua Truong Dai hoc Kinh te quoc dan HaNoi voi de tai nghien cuu “Hoan

thien cong tacdinh muc lao dong tai Nha may In tien Quoc Gia”

Khi nghien cuu cac co sd ly thuyet ve congtac dinh muc, hoc vien Cao NgocBich de cap den cac nghien cuu cua PGS.TS Nguyen Tiep - Truong dai hoc Laodong- Xa hoiva PGS.TS Ngo The Binh-Truong dai hoc Mo dia chat Tuy nhien, hoc vien Cao Ngoc Bich chua chi ra duoc, ly thuyet nao dupe su dung la can cu trong de tai nghien cuu Doi voi de tai nghien cuu cua minh, toi co nghien cuu themcach hieu tu bai giang cua TS Vu Thi Uyen - Truong dai hoc Kinh te quoc dan, Khoa Kinh te va quan ly nguon nhan luc va chon cach dinh nghia nay lam can cu

xuyen suot chode tainghiencuu

Khi nghien cuu thucte cong tac dinh muctai nhamay in tien, Ve mat co cau,

tac gia Cao Ngoc Bich da di theo trinh tu: tu nghien cuc cac dac diem chung cua cong tytoi nghien cuu thuctrang vadanh gia Tuynhien, noi dung nghien cuu ve sanpham dich vu, co sd vat chat ky thuatva cong tac to chuc mat bang duoc bo tri trong

muc danh gia cong tac dinh muc Khac voi cach trinh bay nay, toi tien hanh dua cac

noi dung tren vao noi dung tim hieu ve “Mot so dac diem cua Cong ty o to Toyota

Viet Nam” Ngoai ra, trong luan van cua tac gia Cao Ngoc Bich, ket qua dieu tra bang

hoi duoc phan tich tap trung, ngupc lai toi tach ket qua bang hoi thanh cac muc nho

va gan voi tung noi dung nghien cuu cu the, giup nguoi doc detra cuu hon

Ve mat noi dung, trong bai viet cua minh tac gia Cao Ngoc Bich da phantich rat cu the cach tinh muc cho tung khoi, tung xudng cua toan xi nghiep cac

muc co cong thuc tinh cu the va chi tiet Tuy nhien, do dac diem cong nghe san

xuat theo lot, xi nghiep hoat dong trong linh vuc doc quyen, hoan toan khong co

canh tranh, do do, cac muc tai xi nghiep in tien xay dung can cu tren tieu chuan

cua may moc thiet bi, it cac yeu to tac dong hon TMV rat nhieu Tai TMV,nghien cuu cua toi phan tich chi tiet hon quy trinh khao sat, tinh muc va dieu

chinh trong qua trinh dua vao san xuat Nhu vay, su khae biet trong quy trinh

cong nghe, each thuc to chuc san xuat da anh huong rat nhieu den cong tac dinhmuc tai hai doanh nghiep, gop phan tai ra nhung diem rieng trong cong tac

nghien cuu va phan tich cuamoi tac gia

He thong hoa co so ly thuyet ve dinh muc lao dong nham phuc vu cong tac

nghien cuu, lua chon ra co so ly thuyetphu hop lam can cucho cac phan tich va de

xuat cuatacgia

Phan tich thuc trang cong tac dinh muc lao dong tai xuong lap rap nham rut

ra nhung uu diem cung nhu han che cua cong tac dinh muc tai doanh nghiep Duoigoc nhin cua can bo nhan su, thuc trang cong tac dinh muc tai TMV se duoc xem

xet tu goc do cua nha quan ly va cagoc do cua nguoi lao dong Can bo nhan su can

co su danh gia da chieu de dua ra nhung tu van va huong dan hop ly cho nguoi su dung lao dong va dunghoa voi nhu cautu nguoi laodong cuato chuc

De xuat giai phap hoan thien cong tac dinh muc lao dong tai xuong lap rap,tren co so do nhan rong cho cac phan xuong khac TMV can tieu chuan hoa quy trinh dinh muc cua minh de quan ly nguoi lao dong va gop phan kiem soat hon nua

chat luong san pham tai tung khau

xuong co ty le nguoi lao dong nghi viec cao nhat (cung voi xuong han va son)

Dieu nay doi hdi nguoi quan ly can xem xet danh gia lai khoi luong cong viec, moi truong lam viec anh huong truc tiep den nguoi lao dong Trong kha nang nghien

cuu cua minh, tac gia co dieu kien tim hieu, tiep can so lieu thong ke va duoc su cho phep tien hanh khao sat, phong van tu cac can bo quan ly tai xuong lap rap

❖ Pham vi nghien cihi

De tai nghien cuu trong pham vi Cong ty 6 to Toyota Viet Nam lay truonghopxuong lap rap de phan tich cu the Ve mat thdi gian, tac gia thong ke so lieu cua

5 nam (tu nam 2009 den 2013 ) Cac muc do tac gia xay dung trong dieu kien cothe ap dung tdi thdi diem 2015

5 Phirong phap nghien ciru

❖ Phu-ong phap thu thap so lieu

dong khoa hoc ttr cac trudng dai hoc trong nude; tham khao cac bao cao, luan vancac khoa trudc Thu thaptai lieu ve muc lao dong, quy trinh cdng nghe, budc cdng viec va cac tieu chuan duoc su dung trong qua trinh xay dung muc lao dong tai

xudng lap rap Quan diem ve xay dung va cai tien muc cung nhu quan diem ve

chien luge phat trien cua cdng ty

khao sat hudng den hai doi tupng: mot la ngudi lao dong trong day chuyen nhungngudi dang true tiep chiu tac dong cua muc hien hanh, hai la cac can bo dinh mucnhung ngudi dang true tiep tham gia vao qua trinh khao sat muc Thong qua ket quakhao sat, tac gia muon dang gia muc do hop ly cua muc da dupe xay dung trongqua trinh ap dung thuc te tai TMV, danh gia tac dong cua muc den sue khoe va nang suat cua ngudi lao dong cung nhu danh gia dieu kien lam viec tai TMV cd anhhudng den ket qua hoan thanh muc lao dong Bang hoi dupe phat di trong vong 1tuan, ttr ngay 03/06/2013 denngay 08/06/2013 Sdlupng phieu phat di la 120 phieu vathu ve dupe 115 phieu hop le Sd lieu dupe tac gia xu ly trong vong 03 tuan ttr ngay09/06/2013 den ngay 30/06/2013 Doi vdi phuong phap phong van, ngoai xudng laprap, tac gia md rongdoi tupng phong van tdi cac can bo chuyen montai cac phong ban co lien quan Danh sach tham gia phong van liet ke chi tiet tai Bang Danh sach cac thanh vien tham giaphongvan (Phu luc 1)

Phuong phap xu ly so lieu

Sd lieu thu cap su dung bang tong hop, so sanh va phan tich

Sd lieu socap xu ly qua thong ke, so sanh sdlieu tren phan mem excel 2007

6 Ket cau de tai

Ngoai phan ma dau, ket luan, danh muc chucai viet tac, danh muctai lieu tham

khao va muc luc, noi dung cua de tai con bao gom3 chuong

Chuong 1: Co sd ly luan ve cong tac dinh muc lao dong trong doanh nghiep

Chuong 2: Phan tich thuc trang cong tac dinh muc lao dong tai xudng lap rap cuaCongty o to Toyota Viet Nam (TMV)

Chuong 3: Mot so giaiphap nham hoan thien cong tac dinh muc lao dong taixudng

lap rap cuaCong ty oto Toyota Viet Nam (TMV)

Chuang 1: CO SO LY LUAN VE CONG TAC DINH MUC

LAO DONG• TRONG DOANH NGHIEP•

1.1.1 Khai niem muc lao dong va dinh mu - c lao dong

❖ Muc lao dong

Muc lao dong la luong lao dong tieu hao de thuc hien mot don vi san pham

hoac mot khoi luong cong viectheotieu chuan chat luong nhat dinh, tuongungvoi

dieu kien to chuc ky thuat nhat dinh [10, tr31]

Muc lao dong la nhom muc kinh te - ky thuat dung de bieu thi truc tiep hay dung de tinh toan hao phi lao dong can thiet nhieu nhat cho viec san xuat

don vi san pham, bao dam nhung yeu cau nhat dinh ve chat luong va phu hop

voi cac nhan to anh huong khach quan ve dia chat tu nhien, ky thuat, cong nghe

va to chuc quan ly [2, tr3]

Motcach dinh nghia khac: Muc lao dong la luong lao dong hop ly nhatduoc quy dinh de san xuat ra mot don vi san pham hoac mot khoi luong cong viec nhatdinh, dam bao ve mat so luong va chat luong trong nhung dieu kien san xuat - to

chuc ky thuat nhat dinh [12]

Ca ba khai niem deu thong nhat khi chi ra ban chat muc chinh la su hao phi

lao dong de san xuat ra mot don vi sanpham va duoc gan voi nhung dieukiennhat dinh Dat trong cac dieu kien to chuc va ky thuat khac nhau thi luong hao phi laodong can thiet de tao ra mot don vi san pham se khac nhau dan den su khac nhau ve muc Trong nghien cuu cua minh, tac gia su dung cach dinh nghia thu ba lam can

cu xuyen suotcho quatrinh phan tich va de xuat giai phap hoan thien muc lao dong tai TMV

❖ Dinh muc iao dong

Dinh muc lao dong (DMLD) trong xi nghiep la linh vuc hoat dong thuc

tien ve xay dung va ap dung cac muc lao dong doi voi tat ca cac qua trinh laodong [11, tr3]

Giao trinh “Dinh muc lao dong” cua truong Dai hoc Lao dong -Xa hoi nam

2011 de cap chi tiet hon de giai thich ve cong tac dinh muc: De co cac muc laodong can xay dung muc Muc da duoc xay dung chi dua vao thuc hien khi da duocxet duyet va duoc cap co tham quyen ky ban hanh Khi muc lao dong da duoc banhanh, can to chuc ap dung muc, quan ly thuc hien muc, sua doi muc khi dieu kien

tochuc ky thuatcua san xuat kinh doanh thay doi [10, tr31]

Hai khai niem tren da xem xet dinh muc tren hai khia canh: Do la qua trinh

du tinh cuato chuc de hoan thanh cong viec Dinh nghia thu nhat xet theo nghia hep,dinh muc lao dong la viec xay dung muc cho tat ca cac loai cong viec Trong khainiem nay, DMLD duoc de cap mot cach ngan gon voi hai noi dung chinh la xaydung va ap dungmuc Dinh nghia thu hai de cap den dinh muc theo nghia rong baogom cac cong viec tuviec xay dung, xinphe duyet cho den dua muc vao thuc te va

tien hanh sua doi muctheo du tinh kythuat dat nang suat cao nhat co the

Trong kha nang nghien cuu cua minh, tac gia se tiep can dinh nghia ve dinh muc theonghia rong Cach hieu nay giup tiep can cong tac dinh muc lao dong mot

cach tong the va danh gia duoc toan dien muc lao dong tu quatrinh xay dung den

ket qua khi ap dung vao thuctien san xuat kinh doanh

1.1.2 Cac loai muc lao dong

Muc thoi gian la luong thoi gian hao phi duoc quy dinh cho mot hoac motnhom cong nhan co trinh do thanh thao tuong ung voi muc do thanh thao can su dung de san xuat mot don vi/ mot khoi luong cong viec; dam bao chat luong theoquydinh trongnhung dieukiento chuc ky thuat nhadinh [11, tr3]

Muc thoi gian trong thuc te la co so xuat phat de tinh cac loai muc khac vethoi gian lam viec, la thuoc do lao dong noi chung va ve nguyen tac dinh muc lao

dong la xac dinh hao phi thoi gian lao dong can thiet de hoan thanh mot cong viec

nay hay congviec kia

Tong thoi gian hao phi