Luận văn hoàn thiện công tác định mức lao động tại nhà máy in tiền quốc gia

Muc thdi gian va muc san lugng co moi quan he mat thiet vdi nhau, tuy theo nhung dieu kien cu the ma ngudi tase apdung muc thdi gian hay muc san lugng.Tren thuc te, muc thdi gian thudng

TRUONG D A■ ■I H O C KINH TE QUOC DAN

HO A N THI E■ N CONG T A C NINH MOC L■ AO DONG■

TAI NHA MAY IN TI E N QUOC GI A

LUAN VAN THAC SY KINH T$

Ngtfdi htfdng dan khoa hoc:

pgs.ts trAn xuAn cAu

L()'I CAM DOAN

Ban luan van nay dupc hoan thanh la ca qua trinh nghien cuunghiem tuc cua toi cung vai su giup da tan tinh cua giao vien huong dan PGS TS Tran Xuan Cau. Toi cam doan cac so lieu, ket qua, trich

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dan trong luan van co nguon goc ro rang va trung thuc

Ha Noi, ngay A thang 3 nam 2013

Hoc vien

Pham Ngoc Bich

Luan van khoa hoc - Pham Ngoc Bich

Md DAU 1

CHEONG 1 C0 SO? LY LUAN VE DINH MIC LAO DONG TRONG MOT • TO CHLfC 4

1.1 Cac khai niem chung 4

1.1.1 Muc lao dong 4

1.1.1.1 Khai niem 4

1.1.1.2 Cac loai muc lao dong 5

1.1.2 Dinh muc laodong 7

1.1.2.1 Khai niem 7

1.1.2.2 Noi dung cua cdngtac DMLDtrong doanh nghiep 9

1.1.2.3 Cac nhan to anh huong den congtac dinh muc lao dong 11

1.2.2.4 Vai tro, su can thiet cua cong tac DMLD trong doanh nghiep 13

1.2 Cac phirong phap DMLD 16

1.2.1 Cac phuongphap dinh muc laodong chi tiet 16

1.2.1.1 Nhom cac phuong phaptong hop 16

1.2.1.2 Nhom cac phuong phap phan tich 18

1.2.2 Phuong phap dinh muc lao dongtong hop 22

1.2.2.1 Phuong phap DMLD cho mot don vi san pham 22

1.2.2.2 Phuongphap DMLD tonghoptheo dinhbien (djnh muc bien che) 22

1.3 Cac phuong phap khao sat thoi gian 23

1.3.1 To chuc thuchien khao sat thbi gian vathu thap so lieu 23

1.3.2 Phuongphap khao sat thbi gian vathu thap so lieu 24

1.3.2.1 Chup anh thbi gian lam viec 24

1.3.2.2 B&m gib 28

1.4 Sir can thiet cua cong tac DMLD tai nha may In tien Quoc gia 29

CHU0NG 2 PHAN TICH, DANH GIA IHLC TRANG CONG TAC DINH MlTC LAO DONG TAI NHA MAY IN TIEN QUOC GIA TH0I GIAN QUA 31

Lugn van khoa hoc - Pham Ngoc Bich

2.1 Khai quat ve Cong ty TNHH mot thanh vien do nha nude lam chu so

’i r

huu - Nha may In tien Quoc gia 29

2.1.1 Quatrinh hinh thanh va hoat cua nha mayIn tien Quoc gia 31

2.1.1.1 Qua trinh hinh thanh 31

2.1.1.2 Qua trinh hoat dong cua nhamay 31

2.1.2 Chucnang, nhiem vu, co cau to chuc cua nha may In tien Quoc gia 32

2.1.2.1 Chuc nang nhiem vu cua nha may 32

2.1.2.2 Co cau to chuc cua Nha may In tien Quoc gia 32

2.1.3 Tinh hinh hoat dong kinh te cua nhamaytunam 2009 -2012 34

2.1.3.1 Tinh hinh lao dong tainha may o thoi diem 01/05/2012 34

2.1.3.2 Tinh hinh hoat dong san xuat, kinh doanh, laodong, tien luong va thu nhap tu nam 2009-2011 37

2.2 Danh gia thyc trang cong tac dinh mire lao dong tai Nha may In tien Quoc gia 39

2.2.1 Nhtrng dac diem cua hoat dong san xuat kinh doanh anh hudng den congtac dinh muc 39

2.2.1.1 San pham cuanha may 40

2.2.1.2 Mat bang co so vat chat ky thuat 41

2.2.1.3 Cong tac to chuc lao dong 42

2.2.1.4 Nhtrngthuan loi kho khan doi vdi cong tac dinh muc tai nha may In tien Quoc gia 43

2.2.2 Danh gia thuc trang cong tac DMLD tai nha may 45

2.2.2.1 Phuong phapva quy trinh xay dung, ban hanh dua MLD vao ap dung tai nha may Intien Quoc gia 45

2.2.2.2 Danh gia tinh hinh thuc hien muc lao dongtai nha may In tien Quoc gia 49

2.2.2.3 Danh gia ve cong tac dieuchinhva sua doi MLD tai nha may In tienQuoc Gia 58

2.3 Nhan xet ve cong tac DMLD tai nha may In tien Quoc gia 60

CHlTONG 3 MOT SO GIAI PHAP NHAM HOAN THIEN CONG TAC DINH MIC LAO DONG TAI NHA MAY IN TIEN QUOC GIA 69

Luan van khoa hoc - Pham Ngoc Bich

3.1 Phu-ong hirong phat trien cua nha may In tien Quoc gia den nam 2020,

tarn nhin den nam 2030 69

3.2 Hoan thien bo may lam cong tac dinh mirc 70

3.2.1 Daotao can boxay dung muc 70

3.2.2 Tang cuong su phoi ket hop giua cac phong ban, bo phan trong viec thuc hien cong tac dinh muc 72

3.3 Hoan thien phirong phap xay dung muc 74

3.3.2.Xay dung phuomg phap so sanh dien hinh 74

3.3.2.1 Trinh tu xay dung 75

3.3.2.2 Danh gia phuong phap so sanh dienhinh 78

3.4 Hoan thien to chirc lao dong, to chuc san xuat 79

3.4.1 Nang cao chat luong dao tao cho cong nhan 80

3.4.2.Hoan thien phan cong, hop tac lao dong 80

3.4.3 Hoan thien cong tac phuc vu noi lam viec 81

3.5 Giai phap cho phia ngirdi lao dong 83

3.5.1 Nang cao nhan thuc ve cong tac dinh muc cho ngudi lao dong 83

3.5.2 Dieu chinh don gia muc lao dong cho phu hop 83

3.6 Xay du-ng phuong an tuyen dung moi, mua sam may moc trang thiet bi moi thay the he thong trang thiet bi cu 87

KET LUAN 90

Luan van khoa hoc - Pham Ngoc Bich

DANH MUC • TIT VIET TAT

DMLD: Dinh muc lao dong

MLD: Muc lao dong

NHNN: Ngan hang Nha nuoc

NHTW: Ngan hang Trung uong

TC-LDTL: To chuc -Lao dong tien luong

TNHH: Trach nhiem huu han

WTO: World Trade Organization -To chuc Thuong mai The gidi

Luan van khoa hoc - Pham Ngoc Bich

Bang 1 Phieu chup anh cd nhan ngay lam viec (mat truoc) 25

Bang 2: Phieu chup anh cd nhan ngay lam viec (mat sau) 26

Bang 6: Chat luong cong nhan ngach dong goi, kiem chon,

r y

Bang 7: Chat luong cdng nhan sua chua co dien - lanh 37 Bang 8 Bao cao Tinh hinh hoat dong san xuat, kinh doanh, lao dong,

tien luong va thu nhap tu nam 2009-2011 37

So do 2: Quy trinh cong nghe In san pham B07 — 100.000 46

cac thang cuoi nam 2011 56

TRUONG DAI HOC KINH■ ■ TE QUOC DAN

- £D K> (HlG8Ge '

HOAN THIEN CONG TAC DINH Ml/C LAO DONG

TAI NHA MAT IN TIEN QUOC GIA

CHUYfiN NGANH: KINH T LAO BONG

TOM TAT LUAN VAN

Lao dong ngay nay trong bat cu nen san xuat xa hoi nao cung deu mang tinh tapthe va cung can duoc to chuc lai de dam bao nang suat cao Vi nang suat lao dong dong

vai trd quan trong nhat, can ban nhat quyet dinh cho trinhdo phat trien cua xa hoi mdi

De tang nang suat lao dong, ngudi lao dong, nha quan ly san xuat can phai biet

so luqng lao dong tat yeu phai tieu hao de hoan thanh mot khdi luqng cong viec, motsan pham, mot chuc nang nao do la bao nhieu; tuc la phai do duoc so luqng lao dong

tieu hao trong quatrinh san xuat

Thai gian lao dong can thiet de san xuat ra san pham hay hoan thanh cong viec (budc cong viec) la thdi gian can thiet cho bat cu cong viec nao tien hanh vdi trinh do thanhthao trung binh va motcudng do trung binh, trong nhung dieu kien san xuat binh

thudng cua xa hoi Trong thuc te san xuat, so luong can thiet duqc xac dinh dudi dang

cac muc lao dongthong qua dinh muc lao dong

Muc lao dong cd nhieu dang va mdi dang the hien mot noi dung, dieu kien kinh

te xa hoi nhat dinh Tuy vao tung loai cong viec san xuatva dieu kien san xuat ma muc

laodong co the xay dung duai cac dang khac nhau:

toan muc thongke, muc kinh nghiem, muc binhnghi, muc sosanh

mot dan vi san pham

tap the

mau

vamuc san luqng

Muc thdi gian va muc san lugng co moi quan he mat thiet vdi nhau, tuy theo nhung dieu kien cu the ma ngudi tase apdung muc thdi gian hay muc san lugng.

Tren thuc te, muc thdi gian thudng la co sd de tinh cac loai muc khac bdi thdi

gian lam viec chinh la thudc do lao dong noi chung, the hien chinh xac va chan thuc

nhat trinh do lao dong, san xuat cua ngudi cong nhan cung nhu su phuc tap cua sanpham

Bdi vay, khi noi den dinh muc lao dongthi ngudi ta nghi ngay den viec xac dinhhao phi thdi gian can thiet de hoan thanh cong viec nay hay cong viec khac cua mot

hoac mot nhom cong nhan

DMLD dugc noi mot each ngan gon la linh vuc hoat dong thuc tien ve xay

dung va ap dung cac MLD doi vdi tat ca cac qua trinh lao dong, khong he de cap den

yeu to con ngudi Trongtarn cua DMLD trong mot xi nghiep la cac qua trinh lao dong.Tuy nhien tren thuc te, tat ca cac qua trinh lao dong, muon van hanh va hoat dong tot

deu phai co con ngudi la chu the chinh Ngudi lao dongchinh la nhung chu the cua qua

trinh lao dong Cong tac DMLD la cong tac gan lien vdi quyen lgi va trach nhiem cua

ngudi lao dong Nhu vay, rd rang trong dieu kien hien nay cua cac doanh nghiep thi

khai niem tren ve DMLD chua phan anh rd va day du ban chat cua DMLD

Tuy nhien, khi noi den dinh muc lao dong, ngudi ta phai de cap den hao phi lao

dong cua con ngudi, coi con ngudi la trung tarn cua cong tac dinh muc lao dong Dinhmuc lao dong la viec quy dinh muc do tieu hao lao dong song cho mothay hay mot so

ngudi lao dong co nghe nghiep va trinh do chuyen mon thich hop, de hoan thanh mot

don vi san pham hay mot don vi khoi lugng cong viec dung vdi yeu cau chat lugng,trongnhung dieu kien to chuc - ky thuat nhat dinh

Mot quan diem khac coi “dinh muc lao dong la tong the nhung cong tac ma bo may quan ly nha nude hay doanh nghiep phai thuc hien de xac dinh va cong bo nhtrng

muc lao dong”

Tuy nhien, khai niem nay cua dat trong moi trudng hoat dong san xuat kinh

doanh cua mot doanh nghiep cu the thi lai to ra chua thuc su phu hop bdi no khong

phan anh duqc “dinh muc lao dong” vdi y nghia la nhung muc lao dong da duqc xac dinh bang nhung con so cuthe

Vay tong hop lai tir cac khai niem tren, ta co mot khai niem chung nhat veDMLD: DMLD trong mot doanh nghiep la viec xay dung va dp dung cac muc lao

don vi san pham dat chat luong trong cac dieu kien kinh te - to chuc - ky thuat nhat

> So sanh MLD va DMLD: MLD la ket qua cua mot qua trinh xay dung va xetduyet, dua vao hoat dong thur nghiem Khi MLD duqc ban hanh, can bo lam cong tac

dinh muc can xem xet, danh gia va thu nhan y kien cua nguoi lao dong, cua quan doc phan xudng de co su dieu chinh cho hop ly, phu hop vdi dieu kien san xuatkinh doanh

va thuc te san xuat cua don vi Can bo lam cong tac dinh muc co trach nhiem ra soat

theo dinh ky de danh gia MLD xem cd con phu hop hay khong Toan bo nhung hoat dong do la hoatdong cua cdng tac dinh muc lao dong Noi each khac, MLD la ket quacua cdng tac DMLD MLD sau khi duoc ap dung se duqc danh gia va xem xet de danhgia xem cd thuc su hieu qua hay khong Neu MLD hieu qua thi chung to cdng tacDMLD tai doanhnghiep tuong doi tot Nguqc lai, neu MLD khong hieu qua thi can bo

lam cdng tac dinh muc se phai tien hanh ra soat va danh gia lai, xay dung lai MLD mdi

cho phu hopvdi tinh hinh san xuatthucte hon

Cdng tac dinh muc lao dong trong mot doanh nghiep kha phuc tap, doi hoi can

bo lam cdng tac dinh muc phai cd trinh do chuyen mon vung chac Ben canh do, bdiday la hoat dong gan lien vdi quyen lqi true tiep cua ngudi lao dong, nen khi tien hanh,

can phai cd su tham gia, danh gia cua dai dien ngudi lao dong, chinh ban than ngudi

lao dong Can bo dinh muc cung phai giai thich rd cho ngudi lao dong hieu tarn quan trong cua cdng tac djnh muc lao dong, lam cdng tac tu tudng cho ngudi lao dong Vi

vay, noi dung cua cong tac dinh muc lao dong trong mot doanh nghiep bao gom 4 noi

dung co ban nhat: Xay dung MLD (trong qua trinh xay dung muc thi can bo dinh muc

phai tien hanh nghien cuu toan bo qua trinh san xuat kinh doanh nghiep, cac loai may

moc thiet bi trong qua trinh san xuat cung nhu nghien cuu cac nhan to anh huong den

hoat dong san xudt kinh doanh cua doanh nghiep do, lua chon phuong phap xay dung

muc cho phu hop voi tinh hinh san xuat thuc te cua doanh nghiep ); Ban hanh va ap

dung MLD; Ra soat, danh gia viec thuc hien MLD trong doanh nghiep; Va dieu chinh,

sua doi MLD

> Cac nhan to anh huong den cong tac dinh muc lao dong:

- Cac nhan to kinh te - ky thuat:

- Nhan to to chuc:

- Nhanto xahoi:

> Vai tro, su can thiet cua cong tac DMLD trong mot doanh nghiep

- Doi voi cong tac tra cong: dinh muc lao dong la thuoc do, la can cu, dieu kien

quantrong de xac dinh don giatra cong

- Voi tang nang suat lao dong va ha gia thanh san pham: Dinh muc lao dong vanang suat lao dong co moi lien he matthiet voi nhau:

Dinh muc lao dong la dieu kien de ngudi lao dong su dung hop ly cac thiet bi

may moc, vat tu ky thuat, thdi gian lao dong, ap dung phuong phap lao dong tien tien

de nang cao nang suat lao dong, hieu qua san xuat va cong tac, tang san pham cho xahoi

Nhu the, neu thi£u di cong tac dinh muc lao dong, ro rang doanh nghiep se

khong the san xuat kinh doanh co hieu qua

- Dinh muc lao dong voi ke hoach

Dinh muc lao dong co tac dung to lon doi voi cong tac ke hoach hoa Ke hoach

hoa la viec danh gia thuc trang nguon nhan luc hien co, xac dinh cac ke hoach ve lao

dong, kehoach nangsuat lao dong, ke hoach tien luong

- Dinh muc lao dong la co so cuato chuc lao dongkhoa hoc

Vai tro cua dinh muc lao dong dugc the hien trudc het qua tac dung doi vdiphan cong, hiep tac lao dong Viec xac dinh chinh xac hao phi lao dong de hoan thanhchuc nang phuc vu san xuat cho phep to chuc phan cong lao dong theo chuc nang hgp

ly hon Muc lao dong con la co so dehinh thanh cac doi va xac dinh cocau cua doi san

xuat Viec phan cong trach nhiem cho moi thanh vien cua doi cung phai can cu vao cac muc lao dong va kha nang kiem nhiem thaythe cho nhau trong quatrinh san xuat

Dinh muc lao dong giup nang cao chat lugng cong tac to chuc, phuc vu noi lam

viec Dinh muc ky thuat lao dong se cho cac muc lao dong hgp ly, chinh xac Dinhmuc lao dong cung gop phanhoan thien cong tac thuc hien khuyen khich vat chat, tinh

than cho ngudi lao dong, tang cudng ky luat laodong

> Dinh muc lao dong la co sode phan phoi theo lao dong

Muc lao dong la thudc do hao phi lao dong de hoan thanh mot khoi lugng cong

viec nhat dinh Vi vay, muc lao dong la can cu de tien hanh tra cong theo hao phi lao

dong trong san xuat

Cac phuong phap DMLD bao gom Cac phuong phap dinh muc lao dong chi tiet vacac phuong phap dinh muc lao dong tonghgp

Nhom phuong phap dinh muc lao dong chi tiet gom cac phuong phap: Phuongphap thong ke ,Phuong phap kinh nghiem, Phuong phap dan chu binh nghi

Trong thuc te ngudi ta thudng ket hgp hai phuong phap thong ke va kinhnghiem goi la phuong phap dinh muc lao dong theo thong ke kinh nghiem Tuy nhien

tren thuc te, phuong phap nay khong phai la phuong phap dinh muc co can cu khoahgc ma chi chu yeu dua vao kinh nghiem, thongke cua canbo lam cong tac

Nhom cac phuong phap phan tich: la nhom cac phuong phap DMLD co can cu khoa hoc ky thuat: su dung phuong phap nay, ngudi can bo lam cong tac dinh muc co

the can cu vao do de xay dungva ap dung cac bien phap giup cho quatrinh klao dong,

hoat dong san xuat dugc tien hanh mot cach tron tru, hieu qua hon nhu quy dinh thdi

gian, toe do chay che do lam viec cua may mocthiet bi, sir dung cac phtrong phap vathao tac lao dong hop ly hon dong thoi co the loai tru nhung nhupc diem, nhung

cong doan thira trong qua trinh san xuat, to chuc noi lam viec mot each hieu qua hon

Va tu do, can bo dinh muc co the tinh toan thoi gian hao phi can thiet cho tirng buoc cong viec, ca buoc cong viec mot each chinh xac va hieu qua nhat Bdi vay, nhom cac phuong phap phan tich duoc coi la nhom phuong phap DMLD co can cu khoa hoc kythuat, bao gom phuong phap chinh: phuong phap phan tich tinh toan, phuong phap

phan tich khao sat, Phuongphap so sanhdien hinh

> Cac phuong phap khao sat thoi gian

Mot trong nhung phuong phap de xay dung DMLD co can cu ky thuat la

phuong phap phan tich khao sat, quan sat thuc te qua trinh lao dong tai hien trudng

Tap trung tim hieu cac van de: Quy trinh cdng nghe, dia diem tien hanh, thuthap tai lieu lien quan Tim hieu, thao luanvdi ngudi lao dongde phat hien cac sai lech gitra thuc te va tieu chuan cua quatrinh sanxuat kinh doanh

- Chup anh thdi gian lam viec

+ Chup anh thdi gian lam viec ca nhan la nghien ctru toan bo viec sir dung thdi gian cua mot lao dong trong mot thdi gian lam viec nhat dinh (1 ca lam viec, 1 phan ca

lam viec ) tai mot noi lam viec nhat dinh

+ Chup anh tap the ngay lam viec la phuong phap khao sat nghien cuu thdi gian

hoat dong cua nhieu ngudi lao dong trong ca lam viec Chup anh tap the ngay lam viec

it chinh xac hon so vdi chup anh ca nhan, nhung trong cung mot luc cd the quan sat dupe nhieu ngudi lao dong

- Bam gid: la mot phuong phap nghien cuu chi phi thdi gian lam viec bangeach quan sat, nghien cuu nhtrng yeu to dupe lap lai cd hcu ky trong ca lam viec, nhu

buoc cdng viec hoac tirng bo phan cdngviec do

> Sir can thiet cua cong tac DMLD tai nha may In tien Quoc gia

Nha may In tien Quoc gia cung la mot doanh nghiep co hoat dong san xuat kinh doanh vi vay viec nang cao nang suat, chat luong san pham la muc tieu khong ngirng

cua Nha may Hon nua, loai san pham ma nha may san xuat lai la loai san pham dac

biet, co tinh doc quyen, chuyen biet cao Vi vay, de dat duoc muc tieu nang cao nang

suat, dam bao chat luong cua sanphamn thi can phai co su no luc tu khau san xuat cho tdi khau bao quan va giao san pham; trong do, san xuat la khau dau tien, dong vai tro

tien quyet doi vdi nang suat, chat luongsan pham

Voi vai tro la doanh nghiep duy nhat cua nha nude thuc hien nhiem vu in tien va

cac loai giay to cd gia, viec nang cao nang suat, chat luong, hieu qua san xuat kinhdoanh la mot muc tieu quan trong, cd y nghia vo cung Ion lao quyet dinhtdi kha nang

ton tai va phat trien cua Nha may Cung vdi dac trung la kho tim kiem lao dong thaythe, phuc vu cho qua trinh san xuat kinh doanh cua nha may nen cong tac dinh muccang dong mot vai tro quan tron bdi nd se la mot trong nhung dong lire de khuyen

khich ngudi lao dong lam viec, gan bo lau dai vdi nha may, lam viec hieu qua va dambao tinh chinh xac, bao mat Vdi nhung tac dung to Ion cua minh, dinh muc lao dong

thuc sir la cong cu huu hieu giup nha may In tien Quoc gia cd the dat duoc muc tieu do

cua minh

> Qua trinh hinh thanh va hoat dong: Nha may In tien Quoc gia dupe thanh

lap theo quyet dinh so 136/CT ngay 22/04/1991 cua Chu tich Hoi dong Bo trudng va

quyet dinh thanh lap lai so 459/TTg ngay 27/08/1994 cua Thu tudng Chinh phu Nha may la Doanh nghiep Nha nude hoat dong cong ich theo Quyet dinh so 49/QD-NH15

ngay 01/03/1997 cua Thong doc Ngan hang Nha nude

Ten goi day du cuadoanh nghiep: Nha may In tien Quoc gia

Ten giao dich quoc te: National Banknote Printing Plant

Loai hinh doanh nghiep: cong ty TNHH mot thanh vien

Tru sd chinh: So 30 dudng Pham Van Dong, Dich Vong Hau, Cau Giay, HaNoi

Dien thoai: 04.37548244 Fax: 04.37548430

Email: nbpp@hn.vnn.vn

Nha may la doanh nghiep nha nude hoat dong cong ich dac biet, co sd duy nhat

cua Nha nude ve in tien, duoc dau tu xay dung t£r nam 1984, hoan thanh dua vao san

xuat nam 1991 Khi xay dung nha may thiet ke de san xuat tien giay cotton vdi san

luong 500 trieu hinh/ nam, nhung nam nao nha may cung hoan thanh ke hoach Ngan

hang Nha nude giao vuot rat nhieu so vdi cong suat thiet ke Tu nam 2002, Nha may

nhan nhiem vu trien khai thuc hien du an in tien tren chat lieu giay Polymer Day lacong nghe mdi doi hoi ky thuat cao De thuc hien nha may da gap khong it kho khan:

cac cong trinh xay dung nhu nha xudng xuong cap, mat bang chat hep khong dap ung

duoc viec dau tu md rong nang luc san xuat va trang bi them cac thiet bi Thiet bi congnghe khong dong bo, xudng cap, thieu nang luc, anh hudng den to chuc san xuat va hien dai hoa cong nghe in tien Nhungtu nhungngay dau nhan nhiemvu, nha may dahoan thanh tot nhiem vu duoc giao, lam chu cong nghe in tien Nam 2009, nha may da

dat 2.300 trieu hinh, nam 2010 la 2.050 trieu hinh va nam 2011 la 2.300 trieu hinh.(tang gan 5 lan so vdi cong suatthiet ke)

> Chuc nang nhiem vu cua nha may:

- Thuc hien nhiem vu in, due cac loai tien giay, tien kirn loai va cac loai giay td

cd gia theo ke hoach giao cua Thong doc Nganhang Nha nude

cd gia theo quyet dinh cua Thong docNgan hang Nha nude

- Duoc nhap khau hoac uy thac nhap khau nguyen lieu, vat tu, may moc, thiet biphu tung thay the phuc vu in, due tien va giay td cd gia cua Nha may va doanh nghiep

khac theo quy dinh hien hanh cua Nha nude ve nhapkhau

- Dam bao antoan tuyet doi cho viec in, due tien va giay td cd gia

- Thuc hien nhiemvu khac do Thong doc Nganhang Nhanude giao

- To chuc hoat dong kinh doanh them phu hop voi kha nang cua Nha may va

nhu cau thi trudng

> Tinh hinh hoat dong kinh te cua nha may tu nam 2009-2011

•>

• Tinh hinh lao dong tai nha may d thdi diem 01/05/2012

Doi vdi khoi xudng In, he so cap bac cong viec binh quan theo quy trinh cong

nghe in giay bac la 3,48 Trong khi do, he so cap bac chuc vu binh quan cua xudng chidat 3,05 Tren thuc te, ngudi cong nhan phai dam nhiem cong viec yeu cau cap bac cap cong viec cao hon Tuong tu nhu vay, cap bac cong viec yeu cau cua xudng KCS vaHoan thien (2 khoi thu cong) la 2,71 (tuong duong vdi bac trong bang luong doi vdi

cong nhan kiem dem giay bac) Tuy nhien he so cap bac chuc vu binh quan cua ca 2

xudng lai chi tuong ung la 2,67 vdi xudng KCS va2,37 doi vdi xudng Hoan Thien

> Danh gia thuc trang cong tac dinh muc lao dongtai Nha may In tien

Quoc gia

* Nhung dac diem cua hoat dong san xuat kinh doanh anh hudng den cong tac dinh muc

- San pham cua nha may: Co the noi sanpham chinh la doi tuong cua cong tac

dinh muc vi cac muc xay dung nen deu phai dua tren co sd phan tich cac dac tinh san

pham San pham cang phuc tap, da dang thi cang doi hoi nhieu thdi gian, cong suc cho

viec dinh muc

Nhu tren da noi, san pham cua nha may In tien Quoc gia la giay bac cac menh

gia, la mot loai san pham dac biet cua nganh cung nhu cua dat nudc Chinh vi the yeu

cau ky thuat doi vdi san pham nay la rat cao Co hai loai san pham chinh la san pham

tien cotton va san pham tien polymer

- Mat bang co sd vat chat ky thuat:

cua qua trinh san xuat, la cong cu giup nguoi lao dong hoan thanh nhiem vu san xuat

cua minh Nha may In tien Quocco he thong phan xuong duoc xay dung tu nam 1984, hoan thanh va dua vao san xuat tu nam 1991 voi cong suat thiet ke la 500 trieu hinh

Nha may gom mot khu xuong san xuat rong 15.000 m2 va lien ke voi mot khu nha cua

khoi quan ly Cac phan xuong trong nha may duoc thiet ke theo mot vong tron khep kin, theo dung quy trinh cong nghe cua viec in duc giay bac Ve mat may moc thiet bi: hien nay nha may co tong cong 12 may in, trong do co 7 may in mau la cac may

Komori; Simultan 1 va 2; Orlof 1 va 2; Intaglio 1 va 2; 3 may in so 1, 2va 3; va 2 mayphu 1 va 2; Tuy nhien, trai qua mot khoang thoi gian dai (21 nam), he thong may moc

cua nha may da tro nen cu ky va honghoc nhieu, gay kho khan cho cong tac dinh muc

- Cong tac to chuc lao dong:

De dam bao cho viec san xuat cua cong nhan dat nang suat, hieu qua cao, nha

may da co mot bo phan chuyen trach dam bao cho viec phuc vu noi lam viecduoc thuc

hien tap trung, nhanh chong Ben canh cac may moc thiet bi lao dong chinh, noi lam

viec cua cong nhan trong Nha may con duoc bo tri trang bi cac he thong phu tro nhu

cac xe nang hang, xe xuc hang, may dem, long bao quan san pham, gia dung Cong

nhan cung duoc trang bi cac trang thiet bi bao ho lao dong nhuquan aobao ho, bao tay

cao su, khautrang

De tao dieu kien san xuat tot nhat cho cong nhan, cung nhu dam bao cho chat luong cua san pham nha may da bo tri lap dat cac he thong chieu sang hien dai, dambao; hethong dieu khong 24/24

v Nhung thuan loi kho khan doi voi cong tac dinh muc tai nha may In tien Quoc gia

- Thuan loi:

+ Cong tac to chuc phuc vu noi lam viec duoc thuc hien tot, tao dieu kien cho

nguoi lao dong tan dung toi da kha nang lao dong, lam viec cua minh

+ Can bothuc hien viec xay dung dinh muc kinh te ky thuat la nhung ngudi co

trinh do chuyen mon, lam viec dung chuyen nganh duoc dao tao nen trong qua trinhlam viec da xay dung dinh muc kha bai ban, bam sat tinh hinh thuc te san xuat cua nha

may

- Kho khan:

+ Nha may duoc thiet ke ban dau vdi cong suat san xuat la 500 trieu hinh Nhung tren thuc te, nha may luon san xuat gap 3-4 lan cong suat thiet ke (trong suot may nam lien, nha may luon san xuat 2 ty hinh moi nam) He thong may moc thiet biduoc dau tu ttr nam 1991, trai qua 20 nam da co nhieu van de, trd nen lac hau

+ San pham cua nha may la san pham dac biet, vi the tinh chat ky thuat yeu cau

ddi hoi rat cao, khong duoc phep dexay ra sai lech, sai sot

+ Nha may In tien Quoc gia la nha maydac thu cua nganh in noi rieng va cua ca

nude noi chung Viec tim lao dong thay the lao dong dang lam viec trong nha may la

rat kho khan, neu nhu khong muon noi la khong the tim duoc (cong nhan tuyen dung mdi trong nha may phai hoc viec it nhat mot nam mdi cd the dam duong cong viec duoc giao)

+ Doi ngu can bo lam cong tac dinh muc edn mong Phong TC-LDTL cd 7 can

bo nhung chi cd 2 can bo tot nghiep dung chuyen nganh, cd khanang dam nhiem congtac dinh muc lao dong cua toan nha may Nhung tren thuc te, chi cd mot can bo cua phong lam cong tac dinh muc chotoan nha may

tai nha may In tien Quoc gia

Thuc te tai Nha may In tien Quoc gia muc lao dong chi ap dung phuong phapphan tich khao sat de xay dung dinh muc lao dong Ve co ban, viec ap dung phuongphap khao sat de xay dung dinh muc tai nha may In tien Quoc gia giong vdi ly thuyet,

tuy nhien de van dung vao tinh hinh san xuat thuc te cua nha may, can bo xay dungdinh muc cungda co nhung dieu chinh.

B1: Phan chia buoc cong viec ra nhung bo phan hop than

B2: Chuan bi va tien hanh xay dung muc:

B3: Xay dung muc lao dong,trinh truong phong TC-LDTL xem xet

B4 Trinh Chu tich-Giam doc xem xet va dua vao apdung:

S Danh gia tinh hinh thuc hien muc lao dong tai nha may In tien Quoc

gia

- Xay dung dinh muc lao dong cho cac bo phan san xuat tai nha may In tien Quoc Gia doi voi san pham 00.000 dong-B07

+ Xay dung DMLD cho khoi xuong In

DMLD cho may in mau nen Simultan vaKomori: 21.600 to/ca

DMLD cho may in mau chi tiet Intaglio vaOrlof: 18.150 to/ca

DMLD cho may in so: 19.250 to/ca

DMLD cho mayin phu: 19.250 to/ca

+ Xay dung DMLD cho xuong KCS

DMLD cua to chon mau: 1.412 to/ca

DMLD cua to kiem so: 2.526 to/ca

+ Xay dung DMLD cho xuong Hoan Thien:

DMLD cua to may cat: 1.850 to/ca

Dinh muc lao dong cua to kiem hinh nho: 7,4 goi/ca

DMLD to dong goi: 3.466.667 hinh/ca

- Danh gia tinh hinh thuc hien muc lao dong

Nhu tren da noi, sau khi tinh toan ra muc lao dong cho cac bo phan, can bo dinh

muc se trinh Truong phong TC-LDTL xem xet roi gui xuong cac xuong, phong, bancho phan hoi va co su dieu chinh cho thich hop Tren thuc te, DMLD ap dung tai nhamay In tien Quoc gia luonthap hon so voi nhung tinh toan cua can bo dinh muc

Tren thuc te, MLD chi co y nghTa khi dirge xay dung tren co so san xuatthuc te,

nang suat lao dong thuc te cua nguoi lao dong Nguoi lao dong chi co the dat 100 - 120% MLD quy dinh Nhu vay MLD mdi phan anh chinh xac tinh hinh san xuat, lam

viec cua ngudi lao dong Doi vdi nha may In tien Quoc gia, MLD hien nay dang ap

dung hoan toan khong cd y nghTa, khong phan anh dung ban chat cua cong tac DMLD,

cua tinh hinh san xuat thuc te tai nha may Day la MLD duoc ap dung sudt tu nam

2007 den nay, hoan toan khong phu hop vdi dieu kien va hoan canh thuc te cua nha

may nua Nhung de ap dung duoc MLD nhu hien nay nha may dang ap dung cho cac

bo phan san xuat cung la ca mot qua trinh dai va chiu rat nhieu ap lire cho can bo lamcong tac dinh muc MLD trudc nam 2007 duoc nha may ap dung la MLD duoc xay dung suot tu nhung nam 90 cua the ky trudc MLD luc do duoc xay dung rat thap, dua tren cong suat thiet ke ban dau cua nha may la chi cd 500.000 trieu hinh san pham.Nhung den nhung nam dau the ky 21, do yeu cau cua san xuat, nha may luon phai san

xuat gap 2, gap 3, tham chi la gap 4 lan cong suat thiet ke Nhung MLD luc nay lai

hoan toan khong duoc dieu chinh Mai den nam 2007, can bo lam cong tac dinh muc mdi cd the dieu chinh MLD theo huong tang len Luc do, can bo lam cong tac dinhmuc da chiu rat nhieu ap luc tu phia ngudi lao dong bdi ho phan doi viec tang MLD

Ngudi lao dong, bang rat nhieu hanh dong nhu: viet don de nghi len phong TC-LDTL,

len ban lanh dao nha may, Cong doan dua de nghi len trudc dai hoi Cong nhan vien

chuc de phan doi viec dieu chinh dinhmuc Sau rat nhieu nhung lan giai thichva lamcong tac tu tudng cho ngudi lao dong, MLD mdi mdi duoc ap dung, va van duy tri den hien tai

Tren thuc te, hang nam, can bo lam cong tac dinh muc van lien tuc ra soat, lamnhung thong ke va theo doi, phan tich va danh gia tinh hinh thuc hien MLD de luu giu

so lieu, bao cao len lanh dao nha may Viec ra soat dua tren cd so tong hop cac so lieu

tu tinh hinh san xuat thuc te hang thang trong mot nam cua cac don vi trong nha may

Cuoi mdi thang, khi cac don vi thong ke so luong, chat luong san pham len cho phong

TC-LDTL kiem tra de lam luang thi phong TC-LDTL se luu cac so lieu nay lai, tinh toan va tong hop de nam dugc nang suat lao dong cua ngudi lao dong, cua tung don vi,

khoi lugng san pham cua tung don vi cung nhu chat lugng san pham dat yeu cau Tat

ca cac so lieu nay cuoi nam se dugc can bo lam cong tac dinh muc lam thanh bao caotong hgp, trinh lanh dao xem xet Viec ra soat nay hang nam deu thuc hien nhung tren thuc te chi luu so lieu theo doi de bao cao va lanh dao nam dugc tinh hinh, con viec dieu chinh muc se khong dugc thuc hien

do bui giay, hoa chat Phu ntr thi bi cac benh phu nu, thoai hoa cot song, dot songcd do tinh chat cong viec phai thudng xuyen ngoi kiem demhang (doi vdi bo phankiem dem

giay in tien va tien mdi in), kha nang sinh san cua hg cung bi anh hudng manh Chinh

vi the, ngudi cong nhan luon doi hoi thu nhap phai cao Neu tinh mat bang chung muc thu nhap cua cong nhan nha may In tien Quoc gia thi cd the nhan thay rang thu nhap

cua hg d muc cao trong xa hoi Thu nhap binh quan nam 2011 dat khoang 17.600.000

dong, la mot muc rat cao trong xa hoi, tuong duong vdi muc thu nhap cua cac nganhang ldn Chinh bdi tinh chat doc quyen tren pham vi ca nude cung nhu tinh chat doc

quyen cua ngudi cong nhan trong chinh ban than doanh nghiep da dan den tinh trang

ngudi cong nhan luon doi hoi phai ap dung muc MLD thap de hg co the vugt muc lao

dong d ty le cao Day cung la mat trai trong chinh sach dinh muc dang ap dung tai nhamay

Tren thuc te, tinh trang nay da xay ra pho bien, keo dai trong suot qua trinh hoat

dong cua nha may Trong suot thdi gian dai do, phong TC-LDTL da rat nhieu lan tien

hanh dieu chinh DMLD, dau tranh vdi su phan ung co phan tieu cue tu phia ngudi

cong nhan, nhung lan nao phong TC-LDTL va ban lanh dao nha may cung phai

nhupng bo

> Nhan xet ve cong tac DMLD tai nha may In tien Quoc gia

Dung tren goc do cua nguoi cong nhan lao dong thi ho tan dung tuong doi tot

thoi gian lam viec nen co the noi, nang suat lao dong dat hieu qua cao Ben canh do,

theo quy dinh cua nha may, cong nhan xuong KCS chon mau va kiem so va cong nhan

xuong Hoan Thien co thoi gian nghi buoi chieu uong sua la 15 phut Tren thuc te, thdi gian ngudi lao dong dung de uong sua khong den 15 phut, hoac tham chi ho khong

udng ma tan dung thdi gian do de lam viec Ho cung co the tan dung gid nghi 1 tieng

buoi trua de hoan thanh cdng viec cua minh Chinh bdi viec ngudi lao dong tu chu

dong tang cudng do lao dong cua ho len nhu vay nen khoi luong san pham trong mot ngay ho lam dupe luon d muc cao, vuptxaso vdi muc quy dinh

Dung tren goc do cua quan ly thi nha may luon tao dieu kien va co hoi tot nhat

cho ngudi lao dong nang cao nang suat lao dong Hien nay, nha may da trang bi he

thong may dem hien dai, co the dem ca to san pham to lan cac hinh nho Bdi vay, dagiam bdt thdi gian dem cua ngudi cdng nhan xudng rat nhieu, giup ho tan dung toi dathdi gian lam viec, nang cao nang suat lao dong Cung vdi do la he thong den chieu sang hien dai giup ngudi cdng nhan giam tinh trang met moi va cang thang vi phai lam

viec bang mat trong mot thdi giandai khien cho giam nang suat lao dong cua ho

Tuy nhien, cho du ngudi cdng nhan cd tan dung thdi gian tot den dau, nha may

co cac bien phap giup ngudi cdng nhan tang nang suat lao dong thi ly do chinh khien viec vupt muc lao dong tai nha may In tien Quoc gia la do MLD ap dung hien nay qua

thap khong phan anh dung kha nang san xuat va lam viec cua ngudi lao dong

Chi co duy nhat tai nha may In tien Quoc gia mdi in dupe giay bac cac loaimenh gia Chinh vi the, tinh doc quyen cua cdng nhan lam viec trong nha may la rat cao Khi thieu hut cdng nhan mot each dot ngot, nha may khong the tim dupe nguonluc thay the de hoan thanh ke hoach sanxuat

Ben canh do, cung vdi viec luc luong can bo lam cong tac dinh muc lao dongqua mdng (chi co 1 can bo true tiep lam cong tac dinh muc cho toan nha may) nen cung gap rat nhieu kho khan trong qua trinh xay dung dinh muc.

Cung vdi do, trong qua trinh lam viec tai nha may, cd nhung trudng hop may

moc su dung lau ngay hong hoc nhieu, hoac theo yeu cau cua phong ky thuat dS dambao chat luong san pham thi cd the phai dieu chinh dinh muc cho bo phan, phan xuong do

Moi khi can bo dinh muc tien hanh dieu chinh dinh muc thi luon gap phai su bat

hop tac tu phia ngudi lao dong, gay kho khan cho qua trinh theo doi va kiem tra Mac

du he thong may quan sat camera rat hien dai va chi tiet, nhung trong qua trinh lam, can bo dinh muc van can phai tien hanh phong van, theo doi true tiep tai noi san xuat Cung vdi do, viec xay dung dinh muc lao dong tai nha may chi hoan toan do can bo

phong TC-LDTL dam nhiem va tien hanh, khong cd su phoi hop vdi lanh dao xuong

va can bo phong ky thuat nen tren thuc te, trong qua trinh lam viec, can bo dinh muc cung khong nam bat dupehet nhung hoat dong cua may mocthiet bi de cd sutinh toan chochinh xac

7 \ r r

> Phuong huong phat trien cua nha may In tien Quoc gia den nam 2020,

> r

tarn nhin den nam 2030.

Hien nay, nha may In tien Quoc gia dang toa lac tai dia chi 30 Pham Van Dong,

phuong Dich Vong Hau, Cau Giay, Ha Noi tren khu dat cd dien tich 15.000 m2 Nha may bat dau di vao hoat dong tu nam 1991, vdi cong suat thiet ke 500 trieu hinh Nhung tren thuc te, trong nhung nam qua, nha may thudng xuyen phai in vdi khdi luong rat Ion, gap hon 4 lan cong suat thiet ke (hon 2 ty hinh) Bdi vay, he thong nhaxuong khong con dap ungdu nhu causan xuat

Xuat phat tu nhung ly do do, nha may phai tien hanh md rong quy mo san xuat,

xay dung them he thongnha xuong, kho tang, mua sam them may moc, thietbi

Cung vdi du an md rong kho tang, nha xudng ngay tai dia chi 30 Pham VanDong, nha may In tien Quoc Gia phoi hop cung vdi NHTW thanh lap Ban DuAn xay

dung Nha may In tien Quoc gia mdi tren Son Tay

> Hoan thien bo may lam cdng tac dinh muc

J Dao tao can bo xay dung muc

> •> r

Can bo sung so luong can bo xay dung theo doi dinh muc Can bo nay cung

phai la can bo dupe dao tao dung chuyen nganh va cdkinh nghiem trong viec xay dung

dinh muc lao dong Cd nhu vay mdi dam bao trinh do nhan thuc va chuyen mon, giup

cho cdng tac dinh muc tai nha mayon dinh va doi mdi

Ben canh do, can phai tien hanh bdi dudng thudng xuyen de can bo chuyen

trach nhan thuc day du ve tarn quan trong cua cdng tac djnh muc

S Tang cudng su phoi ket hop giua cac phong ban, bo phan trong viec thuc hien cdng tac dinh muc

Hien nay, cdng tac dinh muc cua Nha may In tien Quoc gia co lien quan den cac

bo phan sau: Phong TC-LDTL giu vai tro chu chot trong cdng tac dinh muc, ngoai ra

con cac phdng Ban, xudng lien quan nhu: phong Ke hoach san xuat, phong Ky thuat,

phong Ke toan, xudng In, xudng KCS, xudng Hoan Thien va ca Ban giam doc

Phdng TC-LDTL hien la phong chiu trach nhiem toan bo ve viec xay dung, dieu chinh muc Cac phdng nhu phdng Ke hoach, phdng Ky thuat cd the can cu vao tinh hinh hoat dong san xuat thuc te, ke hoach san xuat trong thdi gian tdi cung nhu tieu chuan may moc, ky thuat, chat luong san pham cd the cd nhung y kien dong gop ngay

tir khi xay dung dinhmuc, sau do cung hop ban thong nhat

Cac quan doc la ngudi true tiep theo doi, giam sat tinh hinh thuc hien cdng viec

cua cdng nhan, la ngudi nam rd nhat ve thuc te thuc hien muc, can thudng xuyen cd su

thong ke, ghi chep lai va trao doi vdi bo phan chuyen trach de cd nhung dieu chinh hop

ly-> Hoan thien phuong phap xay dung muc

•S Hoan thien phuong phap phan tich tinh toan

- Can co sir phoi hup chat che t£r phi'a cac phan xirung san xuat Cac quan doc

can co nhung ghi chep, thong ke lai tinh hinh thuc hien muc cua cong nhan, nhanh

chong phat hien nhung bat hup ly de bao cao lai vui phong TC-LDTL de kip thui co bien phap xu ly

•S Xay dung phuong phap so sanh dien hinh

So sanh dien hinh la phuung phap dien hinh la phuong phap xay dung muc lao

dong tren cu su so sanh cac dieu kien to chuc ky thuat vui buuc buuc cong viec dien

hinh Phuung phap nay kha phu hup vui nhung dun vi ma co nhieu san pham co tinh chat tuung tu nhau hoac san pham co suthay doi thuung xuyen nhung khong thay doi

hoan toan

> Hoan thien to chuc lao dong, to chuc san xuat

J Nang cao chat luong dao tao cho cong nhan

De nang cao nhan thuc cho cdng nhan, ban lanh dao can co nhung buoi noi

chuyen, tuyen truyen ve tarn quan trong cua cong tac dinh muc doi vui doanh nghiep,

ve anh huong cua dinh muc toi quyen lui cua chinh ban than nguui cong nhan, cho ho thay duuc rang viec phan dau dat, vuut muc, nang cao nang suat lao dong la dieu kien

giupho nang cao thu nhap

Cung vui do, can bo quan ly true tiep (cac quan doc, doc cong) cung can thuung xuyen don doc, nhac nhu cong nhan trong qua trinh lam viec, tranh de xay ra nhung

lang phi thui gian lam viec

De co mot doi ngu lao dong co trinh do ky thuat cao, Nha may nen co su phoi

hup chat che vui cac cu su dao tao, cac truung day nghe co uy tin, chat luung de coduuc nhung cac nhan gidi, tay nghe cao Ben canh do, vui luc luung lao dong hien co,Nha may co the cu cong nhan theo hoc cac khoa nang cao tay nghe hay to chuc cac khoa hoc nang cao tay nghe tai chinh Nha may; thuung xuyen to chuc cac ky thi nang

bac, nang cap; khuyen khich, dong vien cong nhan khong tu ngung ren luyen, trau doi

kien thuc, ky nang nghe nghiep

S Hoan thien phan cong, hop tac lao dong

Kinh nghiem cho thay, capbac cong nhan nho hon hoac bang cap bac cong viec

la phuhop

Nguoc voi phan cong lao dong, hiep tac lao dong la qua trinh ket hop, phoi hop,

lien ket nhung hoat dong lao dong rieng re do ket qua cua phan cong lao dong de dam

bao su hai hoa, nhip nhang, tinh dong bo, he thong cua qua trinh tong the nham datduoc muc dich da dinh

Hiep tac lao dong tot la dieu kien de qua trinh lao dong duoc dien ra mot cach

thuan loi

S Hoan thien cong tac phuc vu noi lam viec

Bo phan phong kho co trach nhiem keo hang cho cac may in, nhap hang

ve kho bao quan, giao hang cho cac bo phan, cung cong nhan cac bo phan kiem dem

dem hang de co gang giao nhan hang trong thdi gian ngan nhat, phuc vu cong viec san

xuat

> Giai phap cho phia ngudi lao dong:

v Nang caonhan thuc ve cong tac dinhmuc cho ngudi lao dong

Can phai de ngudi lao dong tai nha may nhan thay rang, viec thuc hien dinhmuc phai the hien dung NSLD cua ho, giup ho co cai nhin thoai mai hon ve viec thuc hien dinh muc lao dong

Hien nay nha may dang co mot co hoi rat thuan loi de thay doi nep suy nghi

nay Trong thdi gian khoang nam toi, toan bo so cong nhan lam viec lau nam tai nha may, ngay tu nhung ngay dau nha may moi thanh lap (uoc tinh khoang hon 100

ngudi), se den tuoi nghi huu Chinh vi vay, can phai co mot doi ngu cong nhan thay theluc luong lao dong nay

S Dieu chinh dan gia muc lao dong cho phu hop:

VSn de ca ban nhat ma ngudi cong nhan khong muon thay doi muc lao dong cu

cua ho la bai ho so muc lao dongmdi qua cao, lam giam phan tram tangNSLD cua ho,

dan den tien luang cua ho thap di

Tuy nhien, can bo dinh muc co the tien hanh xay dung lai he thong dan gia cho ngudi cong nhan de dam bao sao cho muc lao dong tang len nhung thu nhap cua ngudi cong nhan cung khongthay doi nhieu

> Xay dung phuang an tuyen dung mdi, mua sam may moc trang thiet bi mdi thay the he thong trang thiet bi cu

Nha may co the xay dung lai phuang an tuyen dung cong nhan trong nha may

Thong thudng doi vdi cac lao dong duoc dao tao tu cac trudng cao dang in ma nha may tuyen dung mdi vao lam viec tai nha may thi thdi gian hoc nghe se la 6 thang,thay

vi 18 thang nhu lao dong pho thong binh thudng Doi vdi cac lao dong duoc chuyen tu

cac doanh nghiep in khac sang thi thdi gian hoc nghe chi co thang Nhu vay, thdi gian hoc nghe se rut ngan rat nhieu so vdi tuyen cong nhanthong thudng

Do he thdng may moc su dung tai nha may da trai qua mot thdi gian su dung rat

dai, lau ngay da phat sinh nhieu van de, hong hoc Chinh vi the khi can bo dinh mucxay dung phuang an dieu chinh muc lao dong theo hudng tang len luon vap phai su

phan ddi cua ngudi cong nhan bai theo lap luan cua ho, may moc da cu, hong hoc

nhiSu, neu muc lao dong cao thi se khong the dap ung duoc muc lao dong Bai vay,nha may can co phuang an mua sam may moc thiet bi mdi, vua de dam bao cong nghe

san xuat, vua de dam bao hoat dong san xuat kinh doanh cua nha may duoc van hanh

mot cach tran tru va hieu qua, vua de co ca hoi danh gia lai thuc te NSLD

HOAN THIEN CONG TAC DINH MOC LAO DONG

TAI NHA MAT IN TIEN QUOC GIA

CHUYfiN NGANH: KINH t£ LAO BONG

Ngudi hudng dan khoa hoc:

pgs.ts trAn xuAn cau

MO DAU

1 Tinh cap thiet cua de tai:

Trong dieu kien nen kinh te thi trudng, viec gia nhap to chuc thuong mai quoc te WTO cua nude ta, su canh tranh giua cac doanh nghiep noi chung va cac

doanh nghiep san xuat noi rieng ngay cang tro nen gay gat Viec tim ra cac bien phap nham nang cao nang suat lao dong, tang cudng hieu qua san xuat cung nhu dam bao phat trien nguoi cong nhan mot cac toan dien chinh la yeu to quyet dinh

giup doanh nghiep phattrien on dinh va tang cudng kha nangcanh tranh cua minh

To chuc lao dong mot each khoa hoc se giup cho doanh nghiep dat dupe hieu qua

san xuat kinh doanh cao, trong do dinh muc lao dong la mot trong nhung co so trongcua to chuc lao dong trong bat kymotcong ty, doanh nghiep nao

Nha may In tien Quoc gia la loai hinh doanh nghiep cong ty TNHH mot thanh vien, thuoc so huu cua Ngan Hang NhaNude Viet Nam Cong tydupe thanhlap va hoat dong tai Viet Nam, thuc hien cac hoat dong kinh doanh theo quy dinh cua phap luatva Ngan hang Nha nude Viet Nam Cong ty In tienQuoc gia ladoanh nghiep hoat dong cong ich theo quy dinh cua NHNN Cong ty la don vi duy nhattren ca nude thuc hien nhiem vu in tien theo quy dinh cua nude Cong hoa Xa hoi

Chu nghTa Viet Nam vdi 2 loai san pham chinh la tien cotton cac loai menh gia500d (B91-A), lOOOd (B92), 2000d (B93), 5000d (B94) va tien Polymer cac loai

menh gia lO.OOOd (B04), 20.000d (B05), 50.000d(B06), lOO.OOOd (B07), 200.000d (B08) va 500.000d (B09) Vdi dac thi la san xuat loai san pham dac biet theo quy

dinh cua nha nude nen ngoai nhung net dac trung co ban nhu tat ca cac doanh nghiep hoat dong san xuat kinh doanh khac, cong ty TNHH mot thanh vien Nha may In tien Quoc gia con cd nhung net dac trung rieng nhu tinh bao mat nghiem

ngat tai nha may, lao dong la lao dong dac thu, phai cd thdi gian dao tao va lam viec

thuc t£ dai, dac biet sd lao dong nay khong the tim ngudi thay the ngay ma mang

tinh dac trungcao, yeu cau doi hoi phaicd thdi gianit nhat la 1 nam de hoc viec Da

phan CBCNV nha may lam viec trong moi trudng nang nhoc doc hai hoac dac biet nang nhoc doc hai nen khi xay dung DMLD cung nhu don gia tien luong, quytien

luong, can bo phdng TC-LDTL phai co su can nhac ky cang de van dam bao yeu

cau khoi luong cdng viec do NHNN giao pho cung nhu doi song ngudi lao dong

trong nhamay

Xuatphat tunhung dacdiem do, y thuc dupe rd cdng tac dinh muc co vai tro

quyet dinh den hoat dong san xuat cua nha may, nen trong qua trinh xay dung dinh muc kinh te ky thuat, phdng TC-LDTL da phai tien hanh danh gia, ra soat rat ky

luong tinh hinh may moc ky thuat tai nha may, tinh hinh lao dong lanh nghe tai cac phan xudng Mdi mot phan xudng, bo phan lai cd net dac trung rieng: san xuat thu

cdng hay san xuat theo day truyen may moc chinh vi the viec xay dung dinh muc

cho nha may phai bam sat vao dac trung cua tirng bo phan de tao ra su hai hoa,thong nhat cung nhucdng bang chotat ca cac don vi trong nha may

Voi cdng viec chuyen mon dam nhiem tai Nha may In tien Quoc gia la phutrach cdng tuc dinh mire, tien luong, em dachon de tai “Hoan thien cdng tac dinh muc lao dong tai Nha may In tien Quoc Gia” cho luan van caohoc ciia minh

2 Doi tirong va pham vi nghien cuu:

- Doi tuong nghien cuu: cdngtac dinh mire lao dong cho cdng nhan true tiep

san xuattai Nha mayIntien Quoc gia

- Pham vi nghien cuu: Cdng nhan nha may In tien Quoc gia vdi quy mo hon

350 lao dong true tiep sanxuat

3 Phuong phap nghien cuu:

Xuat phat tir thuc te cdng viec tai nha may ma em dang dam nhiem, de hoan thanh luan van cao hoc, em se sirdung phuong phap phan tich, danh gia, khao sat, tong hop tir nhung sd lieu em da thu thap dupe trong thdi gian qua de danhgia chat

luong cac mire lao dong hien tai cua nha may, sau do phan tich thuc trang cac yeu

to ve mat may moc thiet bi , ve mat to chuc va ve van de con ngudi de hoan thien

cac mire lao dong Ben canh do, de cd the xay dung muc dinh mire ky thuat mot

each chinh xac nhat, em se sir dung phuong phap chup anh thdi gian lam viec,

phirong phap phong van true tiep ngudi lao dong theo mau bang hoi de tudo dua ra

nhung danh gia khach quan va chan thuc nhat Cac nguon du lieu se duoc thu thap

true tiep tren ca sd cac con so thong ke tu tinh hinh thuc hien dinh muc thuc tetai nhamay, cung vdi viec tinh toan, xu ly cac so lieu nay theo muc tieu cua chuyen de

4 Muc dich nghien cun:

- He thong hoa cac so lieu, tai lieu ve cong tac DMLD tai Nha may In tien Quoc gia

- Danh gia thuc trang cong tac DMLD tai nha may tren co so bam sat cong

viec thuc te cua ngudi lao dong, bam satquy trinh xay dung DMLD tai nha may de

tu do nhin ra nhung han che va ton tai trong cong tac dinh muc hien nay nha may

dangap dung

- Kien nghi mot so giai phap de gop phan hoan thien cong tac dinh muc laodongtaiNha may In tien Quoc gia

Z Z A A

5 Ket cau cua luan van: luan van se gom 3 phan chinh:

Chuong 1 Casd ly luan ve dinhmuc va dinh muc lao dong

Chuang 2 Phan tich, danh gia thuc trang cong tac dinh muc lao dongtai nha

may In tien Quocgia thdi gian qua

Chuang 3 Mot so giai phap nhamhoan thien cong tac dinh muc lao dong tai Nha may In tien Quoc gia

CHtfONG 1 CO SO LY LUAN VE DINH MUC• •

LAO DONG TRONG MOT TO CHUC• •

1.1 Cac khai niein chung

1.1.1 Muc lao dong:

1.1.1.1 Khai niem:

Lao dong ngay nay trong bat cu nen san xuat xa hoi nao cung deu mang tinh

tap the va cung can duoc to chuc lai de dam bao nang suat cao Vi nang suat laodong dong vai tro quan trong nhat, can ban nhat quyet dinh cho trinh do phat trien cuaxa hoi mdi

De tang nang suat lao dong, ngudi lao dong, nha quan ly san xuat can phaibiet so luong lao dong tat yeu phai tieu hao de hoan thanh mot khoi luong cong viec, mot san pham, mot chuc nang nao do la bao nhieu; tuc la phai do dupe so

luong laodong tieu hao trongqua trinh san xuat

Thdi gian lao dong can thiet de san xuat ra san pham hay hoan thanh cong

trinh do thanh thao trung binh va mot cudng do trung binh, trong nhung dieu kien

san xuat binh thudng cua xa hoi Trong thuc te san xuat, so luong can thiet dupe xac dinh dudi dang cac muc lao dong thong qua dinh muc lao dong

Theo giao trinh “Dinh muc lao dong” cua PGS.TS Nguyen Tiep - trudngDai hoc Lao dong - Xa hoi thi muc lao dong “ la luong lao dong tieu hao de thuc hien mot don vi san pham hoac mot khoi luong cong viec theo tieu chuan chat luong nhat dinh, tuang ung vcri dieu kien to chuc-ky thuat nhat dinh" 1

1 PGS.TS Nguyen Tiep, 2010, Giao trinh Dinh mure lao dong tap 1, NXB Lao dong Xa hoi, tr 31.

Con theo PGS.TS Ngo The Binh, giang vien trudng dai hoc Mo - Dia chat

thi lai cho rang: “ Mire lao dong la nhom mire kinh te - ky thuat dung de bieu thi true

tiep hay dung de tinh toan hao phi lao dong can thiet nhieu nhat cho viec san xuat

cac nhan to anh hudng khach quan ve dia chat tu nhien, ky thuat, cong nghe va to

2

chuc quan ly".

Nhu vay, xet ca 2 khai niem nay thi ta nhan thay rang ca 2 khai niem deu

nhan manh den luong hao phi lao dong de san xuat ra mot don vi san pham Tuy

nhien, luong hao phi lao dong nay duoc dat trong mot moi truong kinh te, to chuc

va ky thuat nhat dinh Noi each khac, trong cac moi truong kinh te, to chuc va ky

thuat khac nhau thi luong hao phi lao dong can thiet de tao ra mot donvi san pham

se khac nhau Hao phi lao dong la nhan to trung tarn de danh gia muc lao dong, nhung no lai chiu su chi phoi cua cac yeu to khac tu moi truong xung quanh nhu trinh do phat trien cua khoa hoc ky thuat, trinh do to chuc quan ly

Nhu vay, de tien hanh dua ramotmuc lao dong hop ly va hieu cua trong noi

bomoi doanh nghiep thi ta phaitien hanh cong tac xay dung dinh muc lao dong

1.1.1.2 Cac loai muc laodong:

Muc lao dong co nhieu dang va moi dang the hien mot noi dung, dieu kienkinh texa hoi nhat dinh Tuy vaotung loai cong viec sanxuat va dieu kien san xuat

ma muc lao dong co the xay dung dudi cac dang khac nhau:

tinh toan, muc thong ke, muc kinh nghiem, muc binh nghi, muc so sanh

- Muc chi tiet: la muc duoc xay dung cho mot nguyen cong hay mot budc cong viec,

- Muc md rong: la muc duoc xay dung cho mot qua trinh tong hop bao gom

to hop nhieu nguyen cong hoac nhieu budccongviec

- Muc lao dong cho don vi sanpham: la tong hao phi lao dong cho mot don

vi san pham, bao gom hao phi lao dong cong nghe, lao dong phu va phuc vu, lao

dong quan ly

c/ Theo hinh thuc to chuc lao dong:

2 PGS.TS Ngo The Binh, 2008, bai giang Dinh M ltc lao dong, tr 3

- Muc lao dong ca nhan la muc duoc xay dung cho nguyen cong, buoc cong viec va giao cho tung ca nhan thuc hien trong dieu kien to chuc - ky thuat xac

dinh

- Muc lao dong tap the: la muc xaydung cho cac congviec, khoi luong congviec va giao cho mot tap the lao dong (to, doi, nhom tu 2 nguoi trd len) thuc hientrong dieu kiento chuc - kythuat xacdinh

- Muc lao dong co so: la muc do cac doanh nghiep tu xay dung va ap dung

trong dieu kien to chuc - ky thuat , san xuat kinh doanh cu the cua tirng doanh

nghiep

- Muc lao dong thong nhat: la cac mire dupe xay dung cho cac qua trinh san

xuat - kinh doanh da dupe mau hoa hoac cho cac qua trinh co dieu kien lao dong giongnhau

- Mire mau: la muc dupe xay dung cho cac qua trinh cong nghe mau trongdieu kien to chuc -ky thuat mau, khi trinh do to chuc - ky thuat nay mdi chi datdupe mot so doanh nghiep, mire mau chi co tinh chat hudng dan va khuyen nghi ap

dung

- Muc thoi gian: “la so luong thdi gian can thiet dupe quy dinh de mot hoac

mot nhomcdng nhan cd trinh do thanh thao nhat dinh hoan thanh cdng viec nay hay

cdng viec khac ( buoc cdng viec, chi tiet san pham ) trong nhung dieu kien to chuc -ky thuat nhat dinh” 3

- Muc san luong: “la sd luong san pham (chiec, met, tan ) dupe quy dinh

de cdng nhan hay mot nhom cdng nhan cd trinh do thanhthao nhat dinh phai hoan

thanh trong 1 don vi thdi gian vdi nhung dieu kien to chuc - ky thuat nhat dinh.” 4

3 1994, giao trinh To chuc lao dong khoa hoc, tap II, tr3

4 1994, giao trinh To chuc lao dong khoa hoc, tap II, tr4

■=> Muc thdi gian va muc san luong co moi quan he mat thiet vcri nhau, tuytheo nhung dieu kien cu the ma nguoi ta se ap dung muc thdi gian hay muc san luong.

- Muc thdi gian phuc vu: “la so luqng thdi gian duoc quy dinh de mot hay

mot nhom cong nhan co trinh do thanh thao nhat dinh phuc vu don vi thiet bi, don

vi dien tich san xuatthay nhung don vi sanxuat khac trong nhung dieu kien to chuc

-ky thuat nhatdinh” 5

- Muc phuc vu: “ la so luqng don vi, thiet bi (dien tich, san luqng, noi lam viec duocquy dinhde mot hay mot nhom congnhan phuc vu trong nhung dieu kien

to chuc - ky thuat nhat dinh” 6 Muc phuc vu chinh la dai luqng nghich dao cua muc thdi gian phuc vu va thudng duoc ap dung trong dieu kien ket qua san xuatkhong do duoc bangnhung so do tu nhien nhu chiec, cai, tan

- Muc bien che: la so luqng ngudi lao dong co nghe nghiep va tay nghe,

chuyen mon - ky thuat xac dinhduoc quy dinh de thuc hien cac cong viec cu the,khong on dinh ve tinh chat va do lap lai cua nguyen cong hoac de phuc vu cac doi

tuqng nhat dinh (to hop may, kho, bophan kiem trahang hoa )

5 1994, giao trinh To chuc lao dong khoa hoc, tap 11, tr4

6 1994, giao trinh To chuc lao dong khoa hQC, tap II, tr4

■=> Tren thuc te, muc thdi gianthudng la co so de tinh cac loai muc khac bdithdi gian lam viec chinh la thudc do lao dong noi chung, the hien chinhxac vachan

thucnhat trinhdo lao dong, san xuat cua ngudi cong nhan cung nhusu phuc tap cua san pham

Bdi vay, khi noi den dinh muc lao dong thi ngudi ta nghi ngay den viec xac

dinh hao phi thdi gian can thiet dehoan thanhcong viec nay haycong viec khac cua mot hoac mot nhom congnhan

1.1.2 Dinh mire lao dong

1.1.2.1 Khai niem:

Trong giao trinh “To chuc lao dong khoa hoc” cua trudng dai hoc Kinh td

Quoc dan, nam 1994 co noi: “DMLD trong xi nghiep la linh vuc hoat dong thuctien ve xay dung va ap dung cac MLD doi vdi tat ca cacqua trinh lao dong” 7

7 1994, giao trinh To chuc lao dong khoa hoc tap II, tr 1

* PGS.TS Nguyen Tiep Giao trinh Dinh mire lao dong tap 1, NXB Lao dong Xa hoi tr 31.

9 PGS.TS Ngo The Binh, 2008, bai giang Dinh Muc lao dpng, tr 5

Trong khai niem nay, DMLD chi duqc noi mot each ngan gon, khong he de cap den yeu to con ngudi Trong tarn cua DMLD trong mot xi nghiep la cac qua

trinh lao dong Tuy nhientren thuc te, tat ca cac quatrinh lao dong, muon van hanh

va hoat dong tot deu phai cd con ngudi la chu the chinh Ngudi lao dong chinh la

nhung chu the cua qua trinh lao dong Cdng tac DMLD la cdng tac gan lien vdi

quyen lqi va trach nhiem cua ngudi lao dong Nhuvay, rd rang trong dieu kien hien

nay cua cac doanh nghiep thi khai niem tren ve DMLD chuaphan anh ro vaday du banchat cua DMLD

PGS.TS Nguyen Tiep, trong giao trinh “Dinh muc lao dong” cua minh danoi rang: “Dinh muc lao dong la viec quy dinh muc do tieu hao lao dong song cho

mot hay hay mot so ngudi lao dong cd nghe nghiep va trinh do chuyen mon thich hop, de hoan thanh mot don vi sanpham hay motdon vi khoi luongcdng viec dung

vdi yeu cau chat luong, trong nhtrngdieu kien to chuc - ky thuat nhat dinh”.8

Nhu vay, trong khai niem cua minh, PGS.TS Nguyen Tiep da nhan manh den “muc do tieu hao lao dong song” - tuc muc do hao phi sue lao dong cua conngudi ket tinh trong mot don vi san pham hoan thien dat chat luong Con ngudi latrung tarn de xay dung nen dinh muc lao dong, ben canh cac yeu to ho trqnhu dieu

kien tochuc, dieukien kinh te, ky thuat

Nguqc lai, PGS.TS Ngo The Binh, trong bai giang cua minh lai cho rang:

“dinh muc lao dong la tong the nhtrng cdng tac ma bo may quan ly nha nude hay

doanh nghiep phai thuc hien de xac dinh va cdng bo nhung muc lao dong”.9

Tuy nhien, khai niem nay cua PGS.TS Ngo The Binh dat trong mdi trudnghoat dong san xuat kinh doanh cua mot doanh nghiep cu the thi lai to ra chua thuc

suphu hop bcxi no khong phan anh dugc “dinhmuc lao dong”vdi y nghTa la nhung

muc laodong da dugc xac dinh bang nhungcon so cu the

Vay tong hgp lai tu cac khai niem tren, ta co mot khai niem chung nhat ve

DMLD: DMLD trong mot doanh nghiep la viec xay du-ng va dp dung cac muc lao dong tren ca sd tinh toan muc hao phi lao dong song cua ngudi lao dong trong mdi dan vi san pham dat chat luong trong cac dieu kien kinh te - to chuc - ky thuat nhat

> So sanh MLDva DMLD: MLD la ket qua cua mot qua trinh xay dung vaxet duyet, dua vao hoat dong thu nghiem Khi MLD dugc ban hanh, can bo lamcong tac dinh muc can xem xet, danh gia va thu nhan y kien cua ngudi lao dong,

cua quan doc phan xudng decd sudieu chinh cho hgp ly, phu hgp vdi dieukien san xuat kinh doanh va thuc te san xuat cua don vi Can bo lam cong tac dinh muc cd

trach nhiem ra soat theo dinh ky de danh gia MLD xem cd con phuhgp hay khong

Toan bo nhung hoat dong do la hoat dong cua cong tac dinh muc lao dong Noieach khac, MLD la ket qua cua cong tac DMLD MLD sau khi dugc ap dung se

dugc danh gia va xem xet de danh gia xem cd thuc su hieu qua hay khong Neu

MLD hieu qua thi chung to cong tac DMLD tai doanh nghiep tuong doi tot Ngugc lai, neu MLD khong hieu qua thi can bo lam cong tac dinh muc se phai tien hanh ra soat vadanh gia lai, xay dung lai MLDmdi cho phu hgp vditinh hinh san xuatthuc

te hon

1.1.2.2 Noi dung cua cong tac dinh muc lao dong trong doanh nghiep

Cong tac dinh muc lao dong trong mot doanh nghiep kha phuc tap, doi hoi

can bo lam cong tac dinh muc phai cd trinh do chuyen mon vung chac Ben canh

do, bdi day la hoatdong gan lienvdi quyen Igi true tiep cua ngudi lao dong, nen khitien hanh, can phai cd su tham gia, danh gia cua dai dien ngudi lao dong, chinh banthan ngudi lao dong Can bo dinh muc cung phai giai thich ro cho ngudi lao donghieu tarn quan trgng cua cong tac dinh muc lao dong, lam cong tac tu tudng cho

ngudi lao dong Vi vay, noi dung cua cong tac dinh muc lao dong trong mot doanh

nghiep bao gomcac hoat dong sau: