Tiêu chuẩn iso tr 02822 3 2017

© ISO 2017 Leather — Raw cattle hides and calf skins — Part 3 Guidelines for grading on the basis of defects Peaux brutes de bovidés — Partie 3 Lignes directrices pour le classement sur la base des dé[.]

Leather — Raw cat le hides and calf

Part 3:

Guidelines for grading on t he basis

ofdefect s

Pea x brute s de b vidés —

Partie 3: Ligne s directrice s p ur le clas sement sur la b se de s déa t

Refer ence n mb r

ISO/TR 2 2 -3:2 17(E)

Fir t edition

2 17-0

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT

© ISO 2017, P blshed in Sw itz rlan

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F reword i v

Introduction v

1 Sc ope 1

2 Nor mati ve r eferenc es 1

3 Terms an definitions 1

4 Trimming 2

5 Preser vatio 2

6 Clas ification 3

6.1 General

3 6.2 Firs g rade 3

6.3 S con g rade 3

6.4 Thir d g rade 3

6.5 Fourth g rade 4

6.6 Reje ts 4

A nne x A (informative)Correct o ening l nes for cat le 8

Biblog raphy

9

ISO (he Int ernational Org nization for Stan ardization) is a worldwidefede ation of national s an ards

b dies (ISO membe b dies) The work of pr p ring Int ernational Stan ards is normaly car ied out

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org nizations, g ove nmental an non-g ove nmental, in laison with ISO, also take part in the work

ISO cola orat es closely with the Int ernational Ele trot ech ical C mmis ion (IEC) on al matt ers of

ele trot ech ical s an ardization

The proc d r s used t o develo this document an those int en ed for it furthe maint enanc ar

desc ibed in the ISO/IEC Dir ctives, Part 1 In p rticular the dife ent a pro al c it eria ne ded for the

dife ent ty es of ISO document should be not ed This document was draft ed in ac ordanc with the

edit orial rules of the ISO/IEC Dir ctives, Part 2 ( e www iso org dir ctives)

A tt ention is drawn t o the p s ibi ity that some of the element of this document ma be the subje t of

p t ent right ISO shal not be held r sponsible for identifying any or al such p t ent right Detais of

any p t ent right identified d ring the develo ment of the document wi be in the Introd ction an / r

on the ISO ls of p t ent de larations r c ived ( e www iso org p t ent )

Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenienc of use s an does not

cons itut e an en orsement

For an ex lanation on the meaning of ISO spe ific terms an ex r s ions r lat ed to conformity as es ment,

as wel as information a out ISO’s adhe enc to the Wor ld Trade Org nization (WTO) principles in the

Te h ical Bar ie s to Trade (TBT) se the folowing URL: www iso org iso/ for word html

This document was pr par d b Te hnical C mmitt ee ISO/TC 1 0, Leathe , Subcommitt ee SC 1, Raw

hides a d skins includin pickled pelts

A l s of al p rt in theISO 2 2 se ies can be fou d on the ISO websit e

It is widely u de st ood that impro ement of hide q al ty can be achieved only if q alty grading norms

ar a pled The primary prod c r as wel as the w hole prod ction chain, inclu ing fla ing, curing,

han l ng an st oring, should ber warded b bett er pric s for impro ed q al ty

The main purp se of this document is t o pro ide a b sis for q alty grading

This document show s a gra hic r pr sentation visualzing the dife ent grades or clas es through a

schematic pict ogram of a hide The e is no r lation t o br ed, siz , weight or the origin of thecar as

A ck ow ledg ement is made for R efe enc s [1]an [2]

Leather — Raw cat le hides and calfskins —

Part 3:

Guidelines for g rading on the basis ofdefects

This document pro ides guidel nes for the grading of raw cat le hides an calf skins b sed on visible

defe t

2 Normati ve r eferences

The e ar no normative r fe enc s in this document

3 Terms and definitions

F or the purposes of this document, the folowing t ermsand definitions a ply

ISO an IEC maintain t erminolo ical data ases for use in s an ardization at the folowing ad r s es:

— IECEle tro edia: a aia le at ht p:/ www ele tro edia org

— ISO Onlne brow sing plat orm:a ai a le at ht p:/ www iso org o p

3.1

falen hide

hide from an unbled or impro e ly bled car as

E AMP E T e animal died from natural causes

3.2

pritch h le

hole made b a fla e ’ s prit ch

Note 1t o entry: A flayer’ s pritch is an instrument used to su port he car as d ring flaying

3.3

he led warble

trac of damag e ca used b larv e of Hy pode ma b v i s , the hole healed (closed) an the hide subs anc

r plac d b scar tis ue

Note 1t o entry: It is se n as a smal raised nod le on the grain side that he led b fore slaught er

3.4

flay mar k

mark inflct ed me hanical y or phy sicaly d ring the r mo al of the hide (or skin ing) aft er slaught er

3.5

knive mark

mark on the hide or skin at ribut ed t o po r use of the k ife

E AMP E C ts, cord roys, g ug s, etc

gro nd drying

pr se v tion method w he e the hide is plac d on the grou d for purp sesof drying

Not e 1 t o entry: T e dilemma as ociated with such a curing tech iq e is contamination, u even drying an

p trefaction

3.7

trimming

r mo al of ex ces a pen ag est o impro e on the sha e of a hidewith it ultimat e use in min

3.8

ripping

o ening up of the car as of an animal prior t o fla ing along the mid-l ne of the bely, from the ne k en

at p int of slaught er t o the anal r gion near the tai , folowed b anothe incision from the hock joint of

the for an hin lmbs t o join the mid-lne

3 9

pattern

sha e or cont our of a fla ed hide w hen laid flat as det ermined b the p sition, length an dir ction of

the rip ing cut made d ring fla ing

Not e 1 t o entry: The ble ding -cut, b l y cut an le cut should b directly in the centre of the thro t, b ly an

le s S e An e A

3.10

curing

preservatio

tr atment t o the hides an skins t o r n e them non-putr scible in the short t erm or long t erm,

depending on the t echniq e an / r chemical used

3.11

defect

damag e on raw or cur d hides/skins w hich depr ciat es the v lue of leathe prod c d from them

3.12

latent defect

defe t w hich is disco e ed aft er hair r mo al

E AMP E Sc at ches or other mechanical dama es

The cat le hides an calf skins should be pr sent ed:

— without a head (head cut s raight behin the ears),

— with the shan s cut at right angles immediat ely a o ethe k e (for shan s) an hock (hin shanks),

— with the tai cut of not mor that 2 cm from the but ,

— without ex ces fat, flesh or any othe mat erial unsuita le for making leathe ( e Figur 1c)

The folowing pr se v tion methods ar r commen ed:

— frame or suspension drying in the shadow

— s ack salting

— brining

— dry salting

— fr e ing

6 Clas ification

Cat le hides an calf skins should be clas if ied ac ording t o the folowing grades asc rtaina le b the

n mbe of defe t at the time of clas ing

6.2 Fir t g rade

Cat le hides an calf skins t o be clas ed as firs grade ar int en ed t o fulf il the featur s in icat ed in

Ta le 1 an Figur s 1, 2 an 3 Ad itionaly, they should ha ethe folowing charact eris ics:

— a g ood p tt ern, clean an wel cur d, an no sign of putr faction;

— fr e of defe t , ex cept for a ma imum of f ive bln warbles;

— no bran marks;

— a few scor marks or one hole in the bely is ac epta le;

— t otal uti iza le ar a of the hide not les than 9 %

6.3 S c ond g rade

Cat le hides an calf skins t o be clas ed as se ond grade ar int en ed t o fulfil the featur s in icat ed in

Ta le 1 an Figur s 4, 5 an 6 Ad itional y, they should ha e the folowing charact eris ics:

— a g ood p tt ern, wel cur d an no sign of putr faction;

— a few smal holes, cut or othe defe t in the bely and ne k – but no bran marks – is ac epta le;

— one bran mark w holy within 1 cm of the pe imet er of the hide is ac epta le;

— a ma imum of 1 o en warbles of 2 bl n warblesis ac epta le;

— d ng or urine s ains not mor than 3 cm × 3 cm each on the hin shan is ac epta le;

— t otal uti iza le ar a of the hide not les than 8 %

6.4 Third g rade

Cat le hides an calf skins t o be clas ed as third grade ar int ended t o fulfil the featur s in icat ed in

Ta le 1 an Figur s 7, 8 an 9 Ad itional y, they should ha e the folowing charact eris ics:

— a p or patt ern, po r curing an slght signs of putr faction;

— any kin of defe t , ex cept for bran marks, co e ing upt o 3 % of the hide ar a;

— a brand mark with a p rtion mor than 1 cm from the pe imet er of the hide ar a;

— mor than 1 o en warblesan 2 bl n warbles;

— mor d ng an urines ains than ar ac epta le in se on grade;

— t otal uti iza le ar a not les than 7 %

6.5 F ur th g rade

Cat le hides and calf skins t o be clas ed as fourth grade ar int ended t o fulfil the featur s indicat ed in

Ta le 1 an Figur s 1 , 1 an 1 A dditional y, they should ha e the folowing charact eris ics:

— a ve y p or p tt ern an ve y p orly cur d;

— any kin of defe t co e ing up t o 5 % of the hide

6.6 Rejects

Al hides pr senting with mor defe t than those ac epta le for fourth grade Les than 5 % of the

hide ar a is useful

Table 1 — Guidel nes for grading of cat le hides and calf skins

Natural

de-fe t ,

diseas-es, p rasit es,

ringworm,

anthra , et c

Me h nical y

caused defe t ,

bran s, wou ds,

et c

Dirt,

d ng,

urine,

san ,

se ds,

et c

Fla ing

defe t ,

cut , h les,

scor s,

c acks, et c

Putr faction,

h ir sl p, r d

heat, salt s

a-tions, et c

Table 2— Leg end for Table 1

Figure 1 — Fir t grade – putrefactio , dirt, brand mar ks

Figure 2 — Fir t grade – maximum five blnd warbles

Figure 3 — Fir t grade – s ores, marks, holes

Figure 4 — S co d grade – putrefactio , dirt, brand marks

Figure 5 — S co d grade – warbles

Figure 6 — S co d grade – s ar , ticks, ringworm; bruises, s ratches, wo nds; flay cuts

Figure 7 — Third grade – putrefactio , dirt, brand marks

Figure 8 — Third grade – s ar , ticks, ringworm; bruises, s ratches, wo nds; flay cuts

Figure 9 — Third grade – s ar , ticks, ringworm; bruises, s ratches, wo nds; flay cuts, holes

Figure 1 — F ourth grade – putrefactio , dirt, brand marks, poor pattern

Figure 1 — F ourth grade – natural defects, mechanical defects, flaying defects

Figure 12 — F ourth grade – an kind of defects

A nnex A

Cor rect opening l nes for cat le

Figure A.1 — Cor ect o ening l nes for cat le

Bibl og raphy

[1] UNIDO – Drat g idelnes fr the gradin o c at le hides

[2] At n A Fa ady Innes R Knew E Flay in a d c urin o hides a d skins as a rural indus try

ICS  59.140.20

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