Tiêu chuẩn iso 03056 1986 scan

Th work ing lo d of th Slng selecte sh l b at le st e ual to same as th work ing lo d lmit WL in n rmal circ msta ces or les th n th work ing lo d lmit un er certain co ditio s... I is

INT RATIO AL O G NIZATIO FO STA DR IZATIO ~ME)~Y HAO~HR OrAM3A MR I-IO CTACIATM3A~M O G NISTIO INTR ATIO AL DE N f’WlALISTIO

Chain s d f ev a ge n n ca/ibr&e e acier r on et hln u s 5 c a? e - Utisatio et e tretie

De criptors : lfin eq ipment cain , hoistin Sln s, utization, maintenan e

Pr ie ba sed on 10 pges

ISO (h Intern tio al Orga izatio for Sta d rdizatio ) is a worldwid fe eratio of

me tal a d n n-go ernme tal in laiso with ISO, also tak e p rt in th work

th memb r b dies for a pro al b fore th ir ac e ta ce as Intern tio al Sta d rds by

This seco d e itio ca cels a d re laces th first e itio (ISO 3 5 -19 4), of which it

co stitutes a tech ical re isio

Users sh uld n te th t al Intern tio al Sta d rds un ergo re isio from time to time

a d th t a y refere ce ma e h rein to a y oth r Intern tio al Sta d rd imples its

latest e itio , unles oth rwise state

Printed in S itzerlan

Non-cal br ated r ound steel l nk l f ing chair vand chain

out (Se clau e 6.) This Intern tio al Sta d rd co stitutes a g id to th selectio ,

NOT - Lifin c a in an cain Sln s ma y b gov er ned by national

a nd local la ws an r eg lation

b sis for a co tinuing e aluatio

ISO 18 4, Sh r t ln c ain for lfin pur po e - Ge eral c n-

ISO 18 5, Sh r t ln c ain for lfin pur po e - Gr ad M(4),

n n-ca libr a t ed, f or c ain Sln s, etc

n n-calbra te , f or c ain Sln s, etc

ISO

S(6) a nd T(8)

ISO 8 3 , Forge ste l lfin c mpo e ts for u e w ith gr a de

T (8) c ain

Th principles outln d in 4.2 to 4.4 relate to th selectio of

e ual n min l res h

Th work ing lo d of th Slng selecte sh l b at le st e ual to

same as th work ing lo d lmit (WL ) in n rmal circ msta ces

or les th n th work ing lo d lmit un er certain co ditio s

Th work ing lo d lmit is mark ed o th Slng a d is d termin d

bY

31

Slng is d sign d to s stain in ge eral Service

sh uld b u e to s stain in a p rtic lar state Service

4.3.2 Size a d gra e of ch in selecte (se ta le 1)

from M to S to T , ch in Slng of progres iv ly smaler n min l

size ta b u e to achie e e uiv le t stre gth, e.g a gra e T

Slng wi h v twice th work ing lo d lmit of a gra e M Slng of

th same size

By ge metry of th Slng is me nt th numb r of ch in bra ch s

Lad P

a d, in th case of multi-bra ch Slng , th includ d a gle b -

ISO 4 7 a d as i u trate in ta le 2 Th gre ter th includ d

bra ch s (sec fig re 1) Es h Situatio sh uld b ch ck ed to

ce d d Th u e of Slng bra ch s at a gles gre ter th n 6 ° to

th v rtical (includ d a gles of gre ter th n ‘12 ° for two- or

four-bra ch Slng ) is n t recom e d d

foe

Th h tch d are in icates includ d a gles b twe n bra ch s of gre ter th n 12 ° (6 ° to th v rtical) at which a gles Slng sh uld

n t b u e

Ta le 1 - Gra es of sh rt ln ch in d sign d for u e in ch in Slng

Relev ant

Gr ad

ISO

Ratio

Inter natio al

Stan ar d

Fm : W LL

MPa (N/m *)

M(4)

ISO 185

10

S(6)

ISO 3 7

T (8)

ISO 37

Sln s

9

0

,-

Number of

br an h s

1

A ngle of

A ngle to

in lnatio

th v erical

C

ß

F ctor f or

W LL

1

o" to 9" o” to 4O

1,4

2

9” to 12°

4O to 6°

1

-

o” to 4O

Zl

3

-

4O to 6°

1,5

-

Zl

4

9” to 12° 4O to 6°

1,5

3

4.3.4 Meth d of rating

Th re are two meth ds of rating to d termin th work ing lo d

Detais of b th meth ds are giv n in ISO 4 7 a d ISO 7 9

I is str on ly recom en ed that only one of these method

b adoted in an giv en pr emises wher e Sln s ar e in ue

meth d

’

Double bra ch Slng :

NOT - In the c a se of a four -br an h Sln , if pr opr mesr es a r e

t aken to aciev e the eq al distribution of the lod btwen ea ch

br an h, al four br a nc hes may b conider ed a s s po in the lod

T he r atin of a four -br a nc Sln may, in sc h cir c umsta nces, b bsed

on the folowin formula:

4 x WL of a Sin le br a nc x c osp

Ta les of work ing lo d lmits for p rtic lar a gles are giv n in

4.3.4.2

If it is k nown th t th lo d is lk ely to tit wh n lfe , th re w il

b a high r te sio in th bra ch n arest to th ce tre of gra -

ity of th lo d, ie th bra ch wh re th a gle to th v rtical

ß, is th smalest (se fig re 2)

clau e 5), th folowing rating factors sh uld b a ple :

Wh re ßma x < 4 O:

Single bra ch

Wh re 4 O < ßmax 4 6 ° :

Single bra ch

Wh re ßma x < 6 °:

x 2 cosp,a,

bra ch x 3 cosß,a,

The ue of a Sln w her e an an le p exc eed 6° is not

r ecom en ed

4

Th formula giv n a o e o ly relate to cases in which a gles

to th v rtical are n t to dis imiar (se fig re 2) a d n t to

s lte

to 4.4.4

incre ses, its stre gth d cre ses Care sh uld b tak en to tak e

th ch in Slng in Service This is dific lt in practice but

lo d of th v riou gra es of ch in Slng is in icate in ta le 3

Ch ins Slng of gra es M(4), S(6) a d T(8) w il n t b a v rse-

from th work ing lo d lmit is th refore n ces ary o this ac-

4.4.3 Acidic co ditio s

of gra es S(6) or T(8) Slng for Ifing in th se circ msta ces

a) th work ing lo d of s ch a Slng sh uld n t b gre ter

th n 5 % of th work ing lo d lmit;

imme iately afer u e;

4.4.4 0th ler co diti o s in which th e Slng is lkely

ditio s a ply

to b -

’ ten ion

br an

ßl = Am

1

T emper atur e, t, OC

Gr ad

-4o<r <2 0

M(4)

10

S(6)

10

T (8)

10

2 0<t<3 0

W or kin load e pr ese as a per ce tag of w or kin load lmit

10

8

9

75

9

75

1)

The ue of c ain Sln s within the tempratur e r an es given in the tale dos not imply an prmanent r ed ction in wor k in lod lmit when the

cain is r eturned to normal tempr atur es I cain Sln s a r e acidentaly expsed to tempr atur es in exc es of the maximum prmisible tempr atur es

in icated in the ta le, they s ould b with rawn from Ser v ice an r efer r ed to the man factur er

5

5 Han ln the lo d

A lfing ch in is u ualy atach d to th lo d a d th lfing

lnk s Ch ins sh uld b straight, with ut twists, k nots or k ink s

sh uld b fre to incln in a y directio so as to a oid b n ing

lnk s sh uld n t b u e as master lnk s or as lower termin ls in

fig re 4) or Ch k e hitch (se fig re 5) lt is n ces ary th t in th

case of a b sk et hitch wh re th re is a d nger of th lo d titing,

th lo d or by rol ng a lo d o to it; th se practices sh uld b

a oid d

Wh n a Ch k e hitch is employe , v ry high te sie forces are

imp se a d th u e of a larger ch in for a giv n lo d may b

work ing lo d sh uld n t ex e d 8 % of th work ing lo d lmit

Care sh uld also b tak en to a oid re e te e gageme t of th

termin l fiting in th same lnk, as this wi e e tualy Cau e

d rn ge

A ll multi-bra ch Slng exert a grip ing forte (se fig re 1) o

th lo d which incre ses as th a gle b twe n Slng bra ch s is

incre se Wh re h ok s or oth r fiting are thre d d o a lo p

of ch in, e.g case Slng a d drum Slng , th grip ing forte is

ch s sh uld n t ex e d 6 ° (3 ” to th v rtical) Care sh uld

with a lo d in Ord r to protect eith r th ch in or th lo d, or

b th A sh rp corn r of h rd material may b n or d rn ge th

block s, may b u e to pre e t s ch d rn ge Ha ds a d oth r

Parts of th b dy sh uld b k ept away from th ch in to pre-

v ent injury as th slack is tak en up

lo d a d to Positio it for la ding

W he re dy to lf, th slack sh uld b carefuly tak en up unti

th ch in is taut, th lo d raise slghtly a d a ch ck ma e th t

th lo d is sec re a d remains le el this is esp cialy imp rta t

w ith b sk et or oth r lo se hitch s wh re frictio retains th

lo d If th lo d tits, it sh uld b Iowere a d th lfing d vice

complsh d by re-p sitio ing th lfing Points or by th u e of

sh rte ing d vices in o e or more leg Wh n al is in Ord r, th

ch in, a ch ck sh uld b ma e th t th lo d is pro erly s p-

p rte ; this is esp cialy imp rta t wh n se eral lo se o jects

are in b sk et hitch a d Ch k e hitch <

Su h situatio s, which sh uld b a oid d, arise from sn tch or

sh ck lo ding, e.g from n t tak ing up th slack ch in b fore

starting to lf or by th imp ct of aresting falng lo ds

b) u ing lo g-ln ch in (ie pitch > 3 ) for lfing;

c) u ing h ist ch ins as Slng ch ins;

e) u ing a Slng with a y brok en or d forme lnk s;

fig re 3 )l

g) lo ding ch ins o th Point of h ok s [sec fig re 3 )l

fig re 3c)l

a)

b lts or wires

with

Cl

Fig re 3 -

a) Single bra ch in b sk et hitch

(b ck h ok ed into to lnk )

ld

b sk et hitch

Fig re 4 -

Bask et hitch s

6 In p ction

incre se in th thro t o e ing or a y oth r form of distor-

cluding al atachme ts to d tect a y e id nte of we r, distor-

tio in th lower termin l fiting

Th incre se in thro t o e ing sh uld n t ex e d 16 Y o of

th n min l v lue or b s ch as to alow th saf ety catch, if

fite , to b come dise gage

g) lncorect as embly of th mech nical joining d vices in

ma e to ma ufacturer’s instru tio s)

sp cifie in 6.2 sh uld b folowe

6.2

oi a d du t Prior to p rio ic insp ctio Any cle ning meth d

Meth ds to a oid are th se th t may Cau e hydroge embritle-

which may co er Crack s or s rface d fects

a y e id nte of we r, distortio or extern l d rn ge

o serv d :

Slng id ntificatio a d/ or th work ing lo d lmit

b) Distortio of th up er or lower termin l fiting

c) Ch in stretch

If th ch in lnks are elo gate or if th re is a y lack of fre

artic latio b twe n th lnks or n tice ble difere te in th

ce ure, it is recomme d d th t th actual res h of th Slng

outsid of th straight p rtio s of th lnk s wh re it is e siy

(se clau e 7 a d fig re 7) Th ch in sh l b slack a d a -

joining lnk s rotate to exp se th in er e d of e ch lnk

dis olouratio , b nt or distorte lnk s or a y oth r d fects in

ch in or fiting

stres may n t b significa t, but d e nick s in high te sio

are s a d sh rp tra sv rse nick s are un c e ta le

Fig re 7 -

7 Maintenan e an r ep ir

Th re air or re laceme t of in ividual lnk s, fiting or le gths

of ch in sh uld o ly b carie out by th ma ufacturer or by

Crack -d tectio faci ties)

Link s th t are crack ed, v isibly b nt or twiste , se erely cor-

p n nts

of th n min l diameter (0,8 ) In th se cases wh re we r oc-

W here a pro riate, e.g in th case of large h ok s a d Slng fit

ting , min r d fects s ch as nick s a d gou es may b remo e

sh uld n t re u e th thick nes of th sectio at th t Point by

more th n 10 %

In th case of Slng o which re air work h s in olv d welding,

is return d to u e Howe er, wh re re air is carie out by in-

n t re uire pro iding th t

b) n tio al a d local laws a d reg latio s p rmit

A pro f forte h s b e esta lsh d for e ch size a d gra e of

ch in Slng Th se are giv n in th rele a t n tio al a d Inter-

If th tag or la el id ntifying th Slng a d its work ing lo d lmit

a cra e

h ok ,

If ch in Slng are exp cte to b out of u e for some time th y

sio , e.g lghtly oie

NOT - Chain Sln s s ould not b galvanized or sbjected

platin pr oc eses without the apr ov al of the man factur er

to an

T he initial record is a d s riptio of th ch in Slng a d its id n-

tificatio mark ing Insp ctio p rio s a d test interv ls sh uld

Es h time th Slng is re ai re th re so for,

10